The document discusses several educational philosophers and philosophies. It describes John Dewey as an American philosopher who believed in democracy and reconstruction of schools and society. It outlines Paulo Freire's support for problem-posing education where students participate, the importance of tolerance and literacy. It also summarizes Laurence Cohen's philosophy of transformative pedagogy where students learn through experience and critical reflection to change their understanding of the world.
Oldest and most conservative Educational Philosophy basing its teachings on the Great Books, written by the most exceptional minds ever known to mankind. It values knowledge that transcends time. It is teacher centered and subject centered--focusing on the curriculum and not the learners' interest. It aims to develop both the learners' moral & intellectual qualities
Descriptions of 5 Philosophies and what they entail; includes reasoning behind educators both needing philosphies of their own and understanding the most widely known philosophies
Oldest and most conservative Educational Philosophy basing its teachings on the Great Books, written by the most exceptional minds ever known to mankind. It values knowledge that transcends time. It is teacher centered and subject centered--focusing on the curriculum and not the learners' interest. It aims to develop both the learners' moral & intellectual qualities
Descriptions of 5 Philosophies and what they entail; includes reasoning behind educators both needing philosphies of their own and understanding the most widely known philosophies
Mixed method design is often noted as a methodology capitalizing on the advantage of in-depth study in qualitative approaches and the power of generalization in quantitative approaches.
To be useful, acknowledging the fundamental assumption underpinning these two approaches is paramount. Qualitative approach is individualistic where the findings are rich in explaining a phenomenon of interest in context while quantitative approach is normative where the findings represent an average pattern of a phenomenon of interest in a population.
Mosaic leadership approach to address pluralism
Introduction to pluralism
Pluralism is the perspective emerged from ground reality of the human phenomena. When we talk about a nation, a society or an organization, we cannot ignore the natural existence and possession of the unique belief systems of the people at individual, at group, at organization and / or a national level that are shaped by their local ecological, biological and cultural contexts and ways of subsidies. Individuals and leaders come together in organizations from all different abilities, ages, backgrounds, genders, orientations and races (Wilsey, 2013:4).
The term pluralism is used to signify multiple ideologies in political participation and diversified cultural systems in social institutions. Merriam-Webster dictionary defines pluralism as ‘a state of society in which members of diverse ethnic, racial, religious, or social groups maintain and develop their traditional culture or special interest within the confines of a common civilization’. The pluralism philosophy believes in mutual respect, equal importance and contributions in human civilization. According to Oxford Dictionaries, pluralism is ‘a condition or system in which two or more states, groups, principles, sources of authority, etc., coexist’. For Rechard Norman, ‘pluralism means divided loyalties- competing values and commitments, moral codes, principles and goals, distinctive regional and ideological outlooks, revolt ethnic and religious claims- but it also implies strength in diversity’. In educational leadership, it has similar meaning that is implied in social institutions.
Concept of term ‘mosaic’
The mosaic is found being used to refer to the decorative assemblage of the buildings in the ancient Greece and Rome. Mosaic is the art of creating images with an assemblage of small pieces of colored glass, stone, or other materials. It is a technique of decorative art or interior decoration. Most mosaics are made of small, flat, roughly square, pieces of stone or glass of different colors, known as tesserae; but some, especially floor mosaics, may also be made of small rounded pieces of stone, and called "pebble mosaics". As argued in the literature, ‘mosaic’ is the term derived from ‘Moses’ or ‘Muses’, name of person given by Pharaoh’s daughter in Egypt, which means ‘son of’ God.
Road mosaic Floor mosaic
‘Mosaic’ as metaphor
Metaphor is popularly used by speakers and writers to make an effective conceptualization or understanding on new, complex or abstract phenomenon. It is a figurative language represented in a single word or phrase that identifies one thing as being the same as some unrelated other thing by highlighting the similarities between the two. Metaphors are powerful and useful bridges particularly during time of upheaval. Metaphors operate by linking known concepts with new concepts and images (Marshak, 1993 , cited in Wilsey, 20
Using technologies to develop capabilities with people living with intellectu...Ann Davidson
Project Capabilities enables adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) to produce self-advocacy videos about their capabilities. The project is built on the capabilities approach developed by Sen (1992) and Nussbaum (2000), which focuses on what people are effectively able to do (Robeyns, 2005), rather than emphasizing limitations or locating disability exclusively in the social environment (Terzi, 2005).
We interviewed eight adults with ID in a process of community integration
using action research methodologies to engage participants to identify capabilities. We filmed the participants speaking about and demonstrating their capabilities. The videos were made publicly available on a moderated forum, and we analyzed participant reactions to the study through a structured interview process. Preliminary results show that self-advocacy videos have the potential to generate feelings of self-efficacy among adults with ID. By celebrating what adults with ID can do, the study encourages community integration. Making the videos available to the public further reduces community stigma.
As teachers it is very important that we have a clearly defined and articulated educational philosophy that would serve as our guide in our entire professional career as Mentors.
LCAP = Local Control Accountability Plan
The LCAP is a culmination of several years of reform planning at the State level
LCAP was developed in conjunction with the Local Control Funding Formula (LCFF) – a complete overhaul of the school finance system
A significant part of the 2013-2014 State Budget
LCAP template as developed by State has three sections
Stakeholder Engagement
Goals and Progress Indicators
Actions, Services, and LCAP = Local Control Accountability Plan
District must develop, adopt, and annually update a three-year Local Control Accountability Plan beginning July 1, 2014.
Plan to be based on 8 State-identified priorities primarily focused on student achievement
Must align to overall District budget and to school site plans
Outside Review
County Superintendents must review school district LCAPs.
LCAP may reference actions/expenditures in other plans
Reflective practice frames the process of continuous improvement. It addresses questions about leadership, authority, and one’s own upbringing and how we tackle hard problems. Reflective practice helps us to adjust, fine-tune, and change the way we do business through daily experiences and real-life situations. Reflective practices have a direct impact on our leadership style.
2. John Dewey
October 20, 1859 – June 1, 1952
American Philosopher/Psychologist/Educational Reformer
Primary figure associated with the philosophy of pragmatism and is
considered one of the founders of functional psychology.
Belief in democracy which considered two fundamental elements:
schools & civil society which need attention and reconstruction to
encourage experimental intelligence and plurality.
3. Paulo Freire
Promoted Problem Posing Education wherein the student takes part in their
education versus the teacher providing all of the input.
Believes we need to be tolerant. It is our ethical and political duty to be
tolerant.
Literacy is a fundamental chapter of education. Language is the thinking of
ideology and power.
4. Laurence Robert Cohen
Developed the philosophy of Transformative Pedagogy wherein people
remember what they do and see.
Environment where students can learn is important.
Assure students they have the ability to think.
Reexamine student’s basic personal meaning perspective before they can
critically reflect sufficiently to experience reassessment.
Bring the students face-to-face with the reassessment of their past.
Students need to find themselves as individuals and as a class.
Critical reflection is necessary in order for students to discover skills and
intelligences necessary to rearrange the structure of the world.
5. My Teaching Philosophy
The following questions serve to shape an educational
philosophy:
What is the purpose of education?
What content & skills should schools teach?
How should schools teach this content?
What are the proper roles for teachers & students?
How should learning be measured?
7. Educational Philosophy
& Theory
• What is an educational philosophy?
• An educational philosophy is one’s belief as to
how education should take place.
8. Educational Philosophy &
Theory
What is the difference between Teacher-Centered Philosophies &
Student-Centered Philosophies?
Teacher-Centered Philosophies are based on teacher input versus student-centered
philosophies wherein students collaborate and knowledge is discovered.
9. Educational Philosophy &
Theory
What are the five major philosophies of education?
•Perennialism: Perennialists believe that education, like human nature, is a
constant, should focus on developing rationality, and is a preparation for
life. Students should be taught through structured study.
•Idealism: Idealist believe truth is to be found in the consistency of ideas.
Teachers would be models of ideal behavior. Students would have a
somewhat passive role by receiving and memorizing the reporting of the
teacher.
10. Educational Philosophy &
Theory
What are the five major philosophies of education?
•Realism: The job of the teacher would be to teach students about the world.
Topics such math and science would be ideal as it applies to the here-and-now.
Students would be taught factual information for mastery. Classrooms would be
highly ordered and disciplined.
•Experimentalism: For the experimentalist, the world is ever changing. Reality is
what is actually experienced. They openly accept change and continually seek to
discover new ways to improve society. Emphasis is placed on social subjects and
experiences. Learning would occur through problem-solving or inquiry.
11. Educational Philosophy
& Theory
What are the five major philosophies of education?
•Existentialism: The existentialist sees the world as personal subjectivity wherein
goodness, truth, and reality are individually defined. Reality is a world of existing,
truth subjectively chosen, and goodness a matter of freedom.
12. A Comparison of the Five Educational
Philosophies
Comparison Chart: