The document describes the fire protection system design for a fuel farm. The design includes sprinkler cooling rings around tanks, top tank foam pourers, foam bund pourers, water oscillating monitors, and foam protection for the hydrant bay. The system has been designed according to various international standards and provides protection for worst case fire scenarios. It also allows for future expansion while keeping the design simple yet effective.

1. Fuel Farm – Fire Protection System
Powerpoint Presentation
Prepared by : Vimal Lalloo
S/N : 42851874
EDP401-M

2. Design of the Fuel Farm :
The Fire Protection system makes provision for the following :
 Sprinkler cooling Ring around the tanks
 Top tank Foam Pourers
 Foam Bund Pourers
 Water Oscillating Monitors
 Foam Protection for the hydrant bay
The Tank Farm has been divided into 4 quadrants.The bund volumes have been sized to comply
with the SANS 100 89
DESIGN STANDARDS :
The design of the fire system has been based on the following design standards :
NFPA 11 – Low expansion foam systems
NFPA 15 – Exposure Protection Systems
BS5306 – Medium Expansion Foam Systems
BASIS OF DESIGN :
Based on the above , worst case scenario is provided when the furthest tank is on fire.

3. Detail of the side entry Top Tank Foam Injector

4. SPRINKLER COOLING RING & SPRAY NOZZLE DETAIL
The Details below depict the sprinkler spray nozzles as well as the detail of the bracket that is welded
onto the outer tank face to support the cooling ring on which these nozzles are mounted on.

5. SYSTEM OPERATION IN THE EVENT OF A FIRE
 The jockey pump automatically keeps the fire water system pressurized at 1230 Kpa at all timesThe jockey pump automatically keeps the fire water system pressurized at 1230 Kpa at all times
– both water and foam mains are pressurized with water fed from the jockey pump– both water and foam mains are pressurized with water fed from the jockey pump
 All valves except the remotely controlled inbal valves in the foam and water ring mains aroundAll valves except the remotely controlled inbal valves in the foam and water ring mains around
the tank farm are normally openthe tank farm are normally open
 All application valves delivering water and foam from the ring mains into the tank farm areAll application valves delivering water and foam from the ring mains into the tank farm are
normally closednormally closed
 Water and foam pump suction and discharge valves are normally openWater and foam pump suction and discharge valves are normally open
 The following valves must be remotely opened from the fire control panel in the control room forThe following valves must be remotely opened from the fire control panel in the control room for
the bund area and the specific tank where foam is required for fire fighting:the bund area and the specific tank where foam is required for fire fighting:
 1. Foam valve for bund foam supply for fighting bund fire1. Foam valve for bund foam supply for fighting bund fire
 2. Foam valve for tank foam supply for fighting tank fire2. Foam valve for tank foam supply for fighting tank fire
 3. The water valves for tank exposure protection (cooling) must be opened remotely /manually for3. The water valves for tank exposure protection (cooling) must be opened remotely /manually for
tanks adjacent to the tank fire and all tanks in bund in case of a bund firetanks adjacent to the tank fire and all tanks in bund in case of a bund fire
 A pressure switch on the discharge manifold in the pump house will start water pumps whenA pressure switch on the discharge manifold in the pump house will start water pumps when
water main loses pressure and jockey pumps cannot sustain full pressure anymore.water main loses pressure and jockey pumps cannot sustain full pressure anymore.
 The activation of the foam bund protection or the top foam pourer control valves will relay aThe activation of the foam bund protection or the top foam pourer control valves will relay a
signal to the foam pump control panel to start the foam pumps and open the control valvesignal to the foam pump control panel to start the foam pumps and open the control valve
allowing water to flow into the foam proportioning system.allowing water to flow into the foam proportioning system.
 The Water Oscillating Monitors are used for additional tank cooling.The Water Oscillating Monitors are used for additional tank cooling.
 This procedure can be followed for any tank / bund fire scenarioThis procedure can be followed for any tank / bund fire scenario

6.  FIRE INSTALLATIONFIRE INSTALLATION
 Main and standby fire pump -diesel driven – KSB centrifugal pump – heat exchanger – 23000Main and standby fire pump -diesel driven – KSB centrifugal pump – heat exchanger – 23000
L/min @ 1000kpa.L/min @ 1000kpa.
 Jockey pump – 50L/min @ 1000KpaJockey pump – 50L/min @ 1000Kpa
 2 000 000L water tank2 000 000L water tank
 GMS suction and delivery pipesGMS suction and delivery pipes
 Valves, gauges and strainersValves, gauges and strainers
 Fire water test pipeFire water test pipe
 Pump Control panels with 3 leg auto startPump Control panels with 3 leg auto start
 300mm uPVC class 16 underground fire water reticulation pipes300mm uPVC class 16 underground fire water reticulation pipes
 Triple head 65 mm hydrantsTriple head 65 mm hydrants
 Tank cooling nozzles and ringTank cooling nozzles and ring
 Angus Water monitorsAngus Water monitors
 Inbal solenoid activating control valves – remotely activatedInbal solenoid activating control valves – remotely activated
 Carbon steel reticulation pipes (These pipes are designed to withstand high pressures)Carbon steel reticulation pipes (These pipes are designed to withstand high pressures)
 Isolation valves, orifice plates and gaugesIsolation valves, orifice plates and gauges
 uPVC class 16 underground reticulation pipes. (These are the supply pipes from theuPVC class 16 underground reticulation pipes. (These are the supply pipes from the
pumphouse.)pumphouse.)
 Control panel for fire system activationControl panel for fire system activation

7. PLAN LAYOUT OF FUEL FARMPLAN LAYOUT OF FUEL FARM

8.  Water oscillating monitorsWater oscillating monitors – These monitors are linked to the control panel & activate in the event of a fire.They– These monitors are linked to the control panel & activate in the event of a fire.They
are placed at suitable positions around the bund wall.In most cases, they are situated close to the bundare placed at suitable positions around the bund wall.In most cases, they are situated close to the bund
pourers.The layout & design accommodates for 8 water oscillating monitors with a maximum discharge ofpourers.The layout & design accommodates for 8 water oscillating monitors with a maximum discharge of
3600L/minute.Depending on the direction of the wind, only 2 monitors will be used at any given time.3600L/minute.Depending on the direction of the wind, only 2 monitors will be used at any given time.
Typical Plan layout of Water oscillating monitor placed internally in the bund area

9. 1. Foam injection through top tank foam pourers.1. Foam injection through top tank foam pourers. – When the tank is on fire, foam will be– When the tank is on fire, foam will be
injected onto the surface of the fuel inside each tank.The foam supply to this foaminjected onto the surface of the fuel inside each tank.The foam supply to this foam
pourer is from a vertical feeder pipe which is run vertically from the bottom of the tankpourer is from a vertical feeder pipe which is run vertically from the bottom of the tank
to the top of the tank.This will be at side entry to the tank as shown in this illustration.to the top of the tank.This will be at side entry to the tank as shown in this illustration.

10. Foam injection via fixed bund pourersFoam injection via fixed bund pourers – These foam pourers are located on the bund wall which– These foam pourers are located on the bund wall which
encloses the 4 jet tanks.This is a low height wall which serves the purpose of retaining the fuel in theencloses the 4 jet tanks.This is a low height wall which serves the purpose of retaining the fuel in the
bund area in the event of a fire where we will have fuel spillage..Therefore these pourers inject foambund area in the event of a fire where we will have fuel spillage..Therefore these pourers inject foam
onto the floor of the bunded area typically as shown.onto the floor of the bunded area typically as shown.

11. 1. Foam injection through Bund foam pourers.1. Foam injection through Bund foam pourers. – When the tank is on fire, foam will be– When the tank is on fire, foam will be
injected onto the floor of the internal bunds.The bund is divided intoinjected onto the floor of the internal bunds.The bund is divided into
4 quadrants & each tank is enclosed by dwarf walls to retain the fuel in each4 quadrants & each tank is enclosed by dwarf walls to retain the fuel in each
individual quadrant to avoid unneccessary spillage near the tanks that are notindividual quadrant to avoid unneccessary spillage near the tanks that are not
affected.affected.

12. Diagrammatic Representation ofDiagrammatic Representation of
Foam supply into tankFoam supply into tank

13. Isometric layout showing Tanks & PipingIsometric layout showing Tanks & Piping

14. TOP TANK FOAM POURER DETAILTOP TANK FOAM POURER DETAIL
>>This drawing shows a typical Side entry Foam InjectorThis drawing shows a typical Side entry Foam Injector
>The feeder pipe runs vertically along the side of the tank>The feeder pipe runs vertically along the side of the tank
>The brackets are supported at 3m intervals & are welded to the side face of each tank>The brackets are supported at 3m intervals & are welded to the side face of each tank

15. OPERATING SEQUENCE FOR FOAM POURERS IN BUNDED AREASOPERATING SEQUENCE FOR FOAM POURERS IN BUNDED AREAS
> This illustration represents the plan view of the tank farm showing the divisional bund walls> This illustration represents the plan view of the tank farm showing the divisional bund walls
> The Fire system operates such that only the foam pourers in the quadrant that contains the fire will> The Fire system operates such that only the foam pourers in the quadrant that contains the fire will
activate.activate.
> These foam pourers will have to be manually activated from the control room.> These foam pourers will have to be manually activated from the control room.
> An automatically activated system is not suitable due to the error of a false alarm.> An automatically activated system is not suitable due to the error of a false alarm.

16. PIPE TRENCH DETAILPIPE TRENCH DETAIL
>This detail shows the layout & arrangement of the feeder pipes>This detail shows the layout & arrangement of the feeder pipes
that run along the outside of the bund wallthat run along the outside of the bund wall
>The Fire & Foam supply piping run around the outside of the bund walls.>The Fire & Foam supply piping run around the outside of the bund walls.
>The piping is supported using galvanized brackets mounted to the outside face of the bund wall>The piping is supported using galvanized brackets mounted to the outside face of the bund wall

17. Objective of DesignObjective of Design
 1.1. To create a working model of a fire protection system that is specifically designedTo create a working model of a fire protection system that is specifically designed
 to accommodate for the highest possible Fire Protection coverage for a fuel farm.to accommodate for the highest possible Fire Protection coverage for a fuel farm.
 2.2. This design proposal was intended to be highly effective without compromising the feasibiltyThis design proposal was intended to be highly effective without compromising the feasibilty
 & cost factors that were involved.& cost factors that were involved.
 3.3. To provide the client with a meaningful design that could be logically & clearly understood withTo provide the client with a meaningful design that could be logically & clearly understood with
regards to cost, maintenance & reliability.regards to cost, maintenance & reliability.
 4.4. To provide a design proposal that will be accepted with regards to standards & regulations.To provide a design proposal that will be accepted with regards to standards & regulations.
 55. To keep the design as simple as possible & yet still being as effective & reliable as possible.. To keep the design as simple as possible & yet still being as effective & reliable as possible.

18.  ConclusionConclusion
 >The fire protection design is in accordance with international standards. The>The fire protection design is in accordance with international standards. The
equipment that has been installed for the fire protection system is UL and Lloydsequipment that has been installed for the fire protection system is UL and Lloyds
listed. All pumps are Automatic Sprinkler Inspection Bureau (ASIB) approved.listed. All pumps are Automatic Sprinkler Inspection Bureau (ASIB) approved.
 >The design of the fire protection system includes for future expansion provided that>The design of the fire protection system includes for future expansion provided that
the flow and pressure demand is not greater.the flow and pressure demand is not greater.
 >Regular maintenance and testing must be scheduled to ensure that the systems>Regular maintenance and testing must be scheduled to ensure that the systems
capabilities are not compromised. A register must be maintained for testing andcapabilities are not compromised. A register must be maintained for testing and
maintenance purposes.maintenance purposes.
 >The operator of the facility must be trained in the operation of the fire protection>The operator of the facility must be trained in the operation of the fire protection
system. The systems capabilities and limitations must be communicated to staffsystem. The systems capabilities and limitations must be communicated to staff
responsible for operating them.responsible for operating them.
 >If the type of product stored changes, the system design must be revised to>If the type of product stored changes, the system design must be revised to
accommodate the product based on the information provided on the Material Safetyaccommodate the product based on the information provided on the Material Safety
Data Sheet (MSDS).Data Sheet (MSDS).