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Personal Development
By: Nurul Imma Wong
Problem Identification
•Low self-esteem and self-concept!
What is self-esteem?
Evaluating how one feels about ones self-concept
What is self-concept?
Set of belief one has about oneself
Low self-esteem develops when there is a gap between one’s
self-concept and what one believes one should be like.
Evidences
• Characteristic associated with low self-esteem in
adolescence (Jaffe, 1998):
• Feeling depressed
• Lack energy*
• Dislikes one’s appearance and rejecting compliments
• Feeling insecure or inadequate most of the time*
• Having unrealistic expectations of oneself*
• Having serious doubts about the future*
• Being excessively shy and rarely expressing one’s own point of
view*
• Conforming to what others want and assuming a submissive
stance in most situations*
* Displayed by Jeremy
Consequences
• Downward spiral effect as Jeremy thinks that he is
incapable
• Not being able to maximize his fullest potential
• Shame and doubts would cause a lack of
confidence in his own abilities throughout life
should he be unable to resolve these doubts
Key Question
• What are the factors that
affect/cause/influence Jeremy's
self-esteem and self-concept?
 How do we address these problems (possible solution)?
Personal Development Theories
• Eric Erikson’s Psychosocial Development
• Maslow's hierarchy of needs
• Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Model (Refer to Social
Context of Development)
Identity vs Confusion (Erikson Model)
• Concept of Exploration: Who am I?
• Problem:
• Identify foreclosure:
Jeremy’s parents decides his commitment choices (eg.
Personal timetable, enrichment classes)
• Foreclosed adolescence tend to be rigid, intolerant,
dogmatic, and defensive (Frank, Pirsch & Wright, 1990)
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
• Problem:
• Safety and love/belonging needs not met.
• Lead to insecurity.
• Cannot proceed to higher order needs
• Esteem
References
• Education Psychology: Theories and Applications
for Learning and Teaching (Module 9), Pearson
Education, Inc., 2014.
• Jaffe, M. L. (1998) Adolescence, New York: Wiley
• Maslow, A. H. (1948) Psychological Review, 50, 370-
396
• http://www.apa.org/pi/families/resources/develop
.pdf
Social Context

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Ed Psych: Personal development

  • 2. Problem Identification •Low self-esteem and self-concept! What is self-esteem? Evaluating how one feels about ones self-concept What is self-concept? Set of belief one has about oneself Low self-esteem develops when there is a gap between one’s self-concept and what one believes one should be like.
  • 3. Evidences • Characteristic associated with low self-esteem in adolescence (Jaffe, 1998): • Feeling depressed • Lack energy* • Dislikes one’s appearance and rejecting compliments • Feeling insecure or inadequate most of the time* • Having unrealistic expectations of oneself* • Having serious doubts about the future* • Being excessively shy and rarely expressing one’s own point of view* • Conforming to what others want and assuming a submissive stance in most situations* * Displayed by Jeremy
  • 4. Consequences • Downward spiral effect as Jeremy thinks that he is incapable • Not being able to maximize his fullest potential • Shame and doubts would cause a lack of confidence in his own abilities throughout life should he be unable to resolve these doubts
  • 5. Key Question • What are the factors that affect/cause/influence Jeremy's self-esteem and self-concept?  How do we address these problems (possible solution)?
  • 6. Personal Development Theories • Eric Erikson’s Psychosocial Development • Maslow's hierarchy of needs • Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Model (Refer to Social Context of Development)
  • 7.
  • 8. Identity vs Confusion (Erikson Model) • Concept of Exploration: Who am I? • Problem: • Identify foreclosure: Jeremy’s parents decides his commitment choices (eg. Personal timetable, enrichment classes) • Foreclosed adolescence tend to be rigid, intolerant, dogmatic, and defensive (Frank, Pirsch & Wright, 1990)
  • 10. Maslow's hierarchy of needs • Problem: • Safety and love/belonging needs not met. • Lead to insecurity. • Cannot proceed to higher order needs • Esteem
  • 11. References • Education Psychology: Theories and Applications for Learning and Teaching (Module 9), Pearson Education, Inc., 2014. • Jaffe, M. L. (1998) Adolescence, New York: Wiley • Maslow, A. H. (1948) Psychological Review, 50, 370- 396 • http://www.apa.org/pi/families/resources/develop .pdf