- Ed pronunciation
•Download as DOCX, PDF•
1 like•526 views
- The pronunciation of the "-ed" suffix when adding it to regular verbs to indicate past tense depends on the final sound of the verb's infinitive form. - "-ed" is pronounced /t/ if the infinitive ends in a voiceless sound like "p", "t", "k", except for verbs ending in "t". - "-ed" is pronounced /d/ if the infinitive ends in a voiced sound like vowels or consonants "b", "d", "g". - "-ed" is pronounced /id/ if the infinitive ends in "t" or "d".
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Vowels
A vowel is a syllabic speech sound pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract. Vowels are one of the two principal classes of speech sounds, the other being the consonant.
Phonetics
The document summarizes the pronunciation rules for /s/ and /z/ in English.
/s/ is voiceless and can occur at the beginning of words, in the middle of words of Greek origin, and at the end of words preceded by vowels. /z/ is voiced and occurs between vowels, at the end of words preceded by voiced sounds, in words with more than two syllables ending in -ise, and in words ending in -sm. Exceptions to the rules are provided.
Pronunciation ed and s inflection
This document provides rules for pronouncing word endings in English. It discusses the pronunciation of "-ed" and "-s" endings. For "-ed" endings, it outlines 3 rules: 1) pronounce as /d/ after voiced consonants except /d/ and after vowels, 2) pronounce as /ed/ as a separate syllable after /d/ and /t/, and 3) pronounce as /t/ after voiceless consonants. Similarly for "-s" endings, it outlines 3 rules: 1) pronounce as /Iz/ when the word ends in certain sounds, adding an extra syllable, 2) pronounce as /s/ when the word ends in a voiceless consonant, and 3
Cs1
The document discusses different types of words that sound or look the same but have different meanings:
- Homonyms have the same pronunciation and spelling but different meanings and origins. Common homonyms include band, bank, and calf.
- Homophones have the same pronunciation but different spellings and meanings. Examples include feat/feet and no/know.
- Other related terms like homographs, heteronyms, and polysemes are also discussed. Tables provide examples of common homonyms and homophones. The document explains the origins and occurrences of such words. Eponyms are also briefly covered.
The patterns of sounds
This document discusses the sound patterns of language. It defines phonology as the description of speech sound systems and patterns in a language. Phonology is concerned with the abstract set of sounds that distinguish meaning. Phonemes are the smallest units of sound that make a difference in meaning. Allophones are different versions of the same phoneme. The document discusses minimal pairs, phonotactics, syllable structure, consonant clusters, and coarticulation effects like assimilation and elision.
Languagelab 1.2 - Long Monophthongs
Long Monophthong is a longer sound compared to Short Monophthongs. For more on Long Monophthongs, visit www..languagelab.sg/books for a sample of "Learning Guide 1 - Phonemic Awareness'.
Monopthongs (PRONUNCIATION)
This document discusses monophthongs, or pure vowels, in English pronunciation. It defines monophthongs as vowels produced with a single, consistent mouth position and tone. The document then divides English monophthongs into two categories: long vowels (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū) and short vowels (ă, ĕ, ĭ, ŏ, ŭ). It provides phonetic symbols and examples to illustrate the pronunciation of each monophthong. The document also discusses other English vowel sounds like schwa and r-controlled vowels, and clarifies the difference between short and long vowels.
Phonology English vowels by Luis Vasconez
The document discusses the phonology of English vowels. It defines a phoneme as the minimal contrastive sound unit in a language's phonological system. Phonemes are identified by looking for minimal pairs, where words differ by only one sound. The document then describes the phonetic features and positions of each English vowel phoneme, providing examples for each.
Recommended
Vowels
A vowel is a syllabic speech sound pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract. Vowels are one of the two principal classes of speech sounds, the other being the consonant.
Phonetics
The document summarizes the pronunciation rules for /s/ and /z/ in English.
/s/ is voiceless and can occur at the beginning of words, in the middle of words of Greek origin, and at the end of words preceded by vowels. /z/ is voiced and occurs between vowels, at the end of words preceded by voiced sounds, in words with more than two syllables ending in -ise, and in words ending in -sm. Exceptions to the rules are provided.
Pronunciation ed and s inflection
This document provides rules for pronouncing word endings in English. It discusses the pronunciation of "-ed" and "-s" endings. For "-ed" endings, it outlines 3 rules: 1) pronounce as /d/ after voiced consonants except /d/ and after vowels, 2) pronounce as /ed/ as a separate syllable after /d/ and /t/, and 3) pronounce as /t/ after voiceless consonants. Similarly for "-s" endings, it outlines 3 rules: 1) pronounce as /Iz/ when the word ends in certain sounds, adding an extra syllable, 2) pronounce as /s/ when the word ends in a voiceless consonant, and 3
Cs1
The document discusses different types of words that sound or look the same but have different meanings:
- Homonyms have the same pronunciation and spelling but different meanings and origins. Common homonyms include band, bank, and calf.
- Homophones have the same pronunciation but different spellings and meanings. Examples include feat/feet and no/know.
- Other related terms like homographs, heteronyms, and polysemes are also discussed. Tables provide examples of common homonyms and homophones. The document explains the origins and occurrences of such words. Eponyms are also briefly covered.
The patterns of sounds
This document discusses the sound patterns of language. It defines phonology as the description of speech sound systems and patterns in a language. Phonology is concerned with the abstract set of sounds that distinguish meaning. Phonemes are the smallest units of sound that make a difference in meaning. Allophones are different versions of the same phoneme. The document discusses minimal pairs, phonotactics, syllable structure, consonant clusters, and coarticulation effects like assimilation and elision.
Languagelab 1.2 - Long Monophthongs
Long Monophthong is a longer sound compared to Short Monophthongs. For more on Long Monophthongs, visit www..languagelab.sg/books for a sample of "Learning Guide 1 - Phonemic Awareness'.
Monopthongs (PRONUNCIATION)
This document discusses monophthongs, or pure vowels, in English pronunciation. It defines monophthongs as vowels produced with a single, consistent mouth position and tone. The document then divides English monophthongs into two categories: long vowels (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū) and short vowels (ă, ĕ, ĭ, ŏ, ŭ). It provides phonetic symbols and examples to illustrate the pronunciation of each monophthong. The document also discusses other English vowel sounds like schwa and r-controlled vowels, and clarifies the difference between short and long vowels.
Phonology English vowels by Luis Vasconez
The document discusses the phonology of English vowels. It defines a phoneme as the minimal contrastive sound unit in a language's phonological system. Phonemes are identified by looking for minimal pairs, where words differ by only one sound. The document then describes the phonetic features and positions of each English vowel phoneme, providing examples for each.
Assimilation, Dissimilation, T-allophones. Flap T
This document discusses assimilation, which is when the pronunciation of a sound is affected by neighboring sounds. It provides examples of different types of assimilation including regressive, progressive, and coalescent assimilation. It also describes rules for how consonant and voicing sounds assimilate in terms of place and manner of articulation in English. Specific examples are given for how assimilation affects pronunciation of plurals, possessives, verbs, and other parts of speech.
Noun Diminutive Forms- Dr. Shadia Y. Banjar
This document discusses diminutive suffixes in English. It identifies six main diminutive suffixes: -ie, -i, -y; -ette; -kin, -ikini, -kins; -ling; -et; -let. These suffixes typically convey meanings of smallness or endearment. The suffixes contain front vowels like /i/, /ɪ/, or /ɛ/ and are often attached to names or nouns to suggest intimacy or a small version. While the first two suffixes, -ie/-i/-y and -ette, remain productive, the others are less commonly used to form new words. Some borrowed diminutives from other languages have also entered English but lost their diminutive sense over time
List of minimal pairs in english
Minimal pairs are very important in learning English pronunciation. Get the list of the sounds and words here and start practicing. To learn more about the pronunciation of individual IPA sounds in American English, check https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.stavira.ipaphonetics out for free
S pronunciation
This document discusses the different pronunciations of the -s ending on plural words in English. It outlines three rules for how the -s is pronounced based on whether the final sound of the singular word is voiceless, voiced, or ends in certain consonant sounds. For voiceless endings like cats, -s is pronounced /s/. For voiced endings like dogs, -s is pronounced /z/. And for endings like watches and judges, -es is pronounced /ɪz/ to accommodate an extra syllable. The document provides numerous examples for each rule regarding how the plural is pronounced.
Diphthong /ɪə/
This document presents a phonetic lesson on the /ɪə/ sound in English. It contains an introduction to the sound, how it is spelled and examples of words containing it. It also compares the pronunciation of some words between British English and American English, where the /ɪə/ sound is pronounced as /ɪ/ or /ɪ:/. The document includes a list of words containing the /ɪə/ sound with their Vietnamese meanings for reference.
Discovering Language
The document discusses the different levels of language analysis, including phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and discourse/text.
It provides details on each level:
- Phonetics is concerned with speech sounds and their physical properties.
- Phonology studies the sound system of a language and sound contrasts.
- Morphology analyzes word structure and formation.
- Syntax examines sentence and utterance structure.
- Semantics involves meaning, and discourse looks at higher-level structures beyond the sentence.
The levels form a hierarchy with phonetics at the bottom and discourse at the top. Each builds upon the previous level in the analysis of human language.
Berceuse op. 57
Chopin was a Polish composer and piano master of the Romantic era. Though his life was short, he composed many acclaimed solo piano works, including two that had descriptive titles - the Berceuse in D-flat, Op. 57 and Barcarolle in F#, Op. 60. The Berceuse was written in 1843-1844 as a lullaby, dedicated to a friend's infant daughter. Written in a 6/8 time signature, it features a main melody in the right hand accompanied by a repeated bass line in the left, along with 16 variations on the theme that unfold like patterns in a kaleidoscope. Its soft, smooth style gives it a sweet and dreamlike quality.
Phonological rules in the English Language
Phonological rules in the English Language.
A comparison of narrow and broad transcription is summarized.
A definition of phonological rule and specific examples of common rules of the English language with words that illustrate each.
minimal pairs
A minimal pair is two words that differ by only one phoneme, or smallest meaningful sound unit. For example, "cat" and "fat" are a minimal pair because they only differ in their first sound. This document provides examples of several English consonant phoneme pairs, including /p/-/b/, /f/-/v/, /s/-/z/, and nasal consonants /m/, /n/, /ŋ/, and instructs the listener to identify the difference between sounds in examples words for each pair. The presentation was created by Doha Mohammad Abdelal and Sarah Sobhi Abu Qoura.
Vowels
Here are 10 common spellings each for the long vowel /i:/ and short vowel /i/ in English:
/i:/
ee, as in tree
ea, as in leaf
ie, as in chief
e, as in machine
e_e, as in these
ey, as in they
ei, as in seize
eigh, as in eight
i, as in police
y, as in rhyme
/i/
i, as in bit
y, as in happy
ie, as in friend
igh, as in high
e, as in women
a, as in various
o, as in women
u, as in business
e
L, R and Syllabic Consonants
The document discusses liquids sounds /l/ and /r/ and how they are formed with more movement of the speech organs compared to other consonants. It explains that when a front vowel is followed by /l/ or /r/, an intermediary schwa sound /ə/ is inserted as the tongue moves from the front vowel position to the back position required for /l/ or /r/. This produces words like "seal" being pronounced as /siyəl/, "well" as /wɛəl/, and "shall" as /ʃæəl/.
Phonethic mr irpan aspect of connected speech chapter 14
This document discusses four aspects of connected speech: rhythm, assimilation, elision, and linking. It defines each aspect and provides examples. Rhythm refers to the regular occurrence of stressed and unstressed syllables. Assimilation is the change in pronunciation of sounds due to surrounding sounds, including place of articulation, manner, and voice. Elision is the omission of sounds, especially vowels and consonants, in casual speech. Linking describes how words and sounds are connected together according to five basic rules.
Combination vowels and consonants
This document discusses vowel combinations, digraphs, and trigraphs in the English language. It provides examples of common vowel combinations like "ea", "igh", and "ay" that represent single sounds. Digraphs are defined as combinations of two vowels that make a single sound, such as "ai" and "oo". There are eight primary diphthongs in English. Trigraphs are combinations of three vowels in a single syllable, such as "eai" and "iou", that represent blended sounds called triphthongs. The document provides examples of common digraphs, diphthongs, and trigraphs to illustrate these concepts.
How many vowel sounds in English?
There is no definitive answer to how many vowel sounds there are in English because linguists differ in their analyses. Peter Roach analyzed British English as having 20 vowel sounds, including 12 monophthongs, 5 closing diphthongs, and 3 centering diphthongs. However, Peter Ladefoged analyzed it as having 20 vowel sounds as well but with some differences - he omitted /ə/ and /υə/ since they are not used in stressed words, and included /aə/ and noted /ju/ as uncertain. The number of vowels is further complicated by differences between British and American English varieties and ongoing changes to pronunciation.
The Analysis of Syllable
This document analyzes the structure of syllables in English. It defines a syllable as a rhythmic unit with an obligatory vowel nucleus that can be preceded by an onset and followed by a coda of optional consonant sounds. Examples of mono-, di-, and polysyllabic words are provided. The significance of syllables for language rhythm, stress patterns, and permissible phoneme combinations is discussed. Syllabic consonants and the process of syllabification for dividing multisyllabic words are also explained.
UAS - CALL - CONTRAST LANGUAGE AND ERROR ANALYSIS
This document discusses various linguistic concepts related to analyzing differences between languages, including diphthongs, syllabic consonants, and plosives. It provides definitions and examples of diphthongs in English and how they are pronounced differently in Indonesian. Syllabic consonants are defined as phonetic elements that pattern as consonants but can fill a vowel slot, and examples of syllabic /l/ and /n/ in English are given. Plosive consonants are defined as consonants where the air is stopped completely then released, and the bilabial, alveolar, and velar plosive consonants of English (/p, b, t, d, k, g/)
English phonology
This document provides an introduction to phonetics and phonology. It discusses:
1) The difference between phonetics and phonology - phonetics is concerned with how sounds are produced and perceived, while phonology is concerned with how sounds function in relation to each other in a language.
2) The speech organs involved in sound production, including the lungs, larynx, pharynx, oral and nasal cavities.
3) Consonants are classified by their voicing (whether vocal folds are used), place of articulation (where air flow is obstructed), and manner (nature of obstruction).
4) Vowels involve less obstruction of air flow than consonants
English vowel , monothongs, diphthong, triphthongs
The document discusses English vowel sounds, including monophthongs, diphthongs, and triphthongs. It provides:
- A list of 12 monophthongs (pure vowel sounds) in English, describing their place and manner of articulation.
- A list of 8 diphthongs (a combination of two vowel sounds within one syllable), categorizing them as centering or closing based on their movement in the vocal tract.
- A definition of triphthongs as a combination of three monophthongs within one syllable, giving 5 examples using closing diphthongs followed by a schwa.
Diagrams are provided to illustrate the articulation of monoph
Le agevolazioni a sostegno delle start up innovative
LE AGEVOLAZIONI A SOSTEGNO DELLE START
UP INNOVATIVE
Pixel cp operators manual
This document appears to be an operator's manual for an x-ray generator. It provides information on safety, specifications, controls, programming, error codes, exposure tables, maintenance, and x-ray tube data. The introduction describes the generator's features such as output power levels up to 80 kW, kV ranges from 125-150 depending on the model, and user-friendly controls. Safety precautions are outlined, and applicable standards are listed.
abc
The document discusses key performance indicators from the perspectives of different levels of a restaurant business. From a financial perspective, it focuses on food costs and employee productivity. From an internal business process perspective, it focuses on speed and accuracy of food delivery and order fulfillment. From a customer perspective, it focuses on customer satisfaction. From a learning and growth perspective, it focuses on staff training and development of cooking skills.
Q
The cover features Foo Fighters band member Dave Grohl holding a guitar in an unusual field background, with additional promotional images and text following the magazine's house style. The contents pages continue this style and include previews of articles, photos from a Foo Fighters concert, and typical magazine elements like page numbers and credits. Overall the analysis examines how the magazine conventionally presents information about its Foo Fighters focus issue through visual and textual elements.
More Related Content
What's hot
Assimilation, Dissimilation, T-allophones. Flap T
This document discusses assimilation, which is when the pronunciation of a sound is affected by neighboring sounds. It provides examples of different types of assimilation including regressive, progressive, and coalescent assimilation. It also describes rules for how consonant and voicing sounds assimilate in terms of place and manner of articulation in English. Specific examples are given for how assimilation affects pronunciation of plurals, possessives, verbs, and other parts of speech.
Noun Diminutive Forms- Dr. Shadia Y. Banjar
This document discusses diminutive suffixes in English. It identifies six main diminutive suffixes: -ie, -i, -y; -ette; -kin, -ikini, -kins; -ling; -et; -let. These suffixes typically convey meanings of smallness or endearment. The suffixes contain front vowels like /i/, /ɪ/, or /ɛ/ and are often attached to names or nouns to suggest intimacy or a small version. While the first two suffixes, -ie/-i/-y and -ette, remain productive, the others are less commonly used to form new words. Some borrowed diminutives from other languages have also entered English but lost their diminutive sense over time
List of minimal pairs in english
Minimal pairs are very important in learning English pronunciation. Get the list of the sounds and words here and start practicing. To learn more about the pronunciation of individual IPA sounds in American English, check https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.stavira.ipaphonetics out for free
S pronunciation
This document discusses the different pronunciations of the -s ending on plural words in English. It outlines three rules for how the -s is pronounced based on whether the final sound of the singular word is voiceless, voiced, or ends in certain consonant sounds. For voiceless endings like cats, -s is pronounced /s/. For voiced endings like dogs, -s is pronounced /z/. And for endings like watches and judges, -es is pronounced /ɪz/ to accommodate an extra syllable. The document provides numerous examples for each rule regarding how the plural is pronounced.
Diphthong /ɪə/
This document presents a phonetic lesson on the /ɪə/ sound in English. It contains an introduction to the sound, how it is spelled and examples of words containing it. It also compares the pronunciation of some words between British English and American English, where the /ɪə/ sound is pronounced as /ɪ/ or /ɪ:/. The document includes a list of words containing the /ɪə/ sound with their Vietnamese meanings for reference.
Discovering Language
The document discusses the different levels of language analysis, including phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and discourse/text.
It provides details on each level:
- Phonetics is concerned with speech sounds and their physical properties.
- Phonology studies the sound system of a language and sound contrasts.
- Morphology analyzes word structure and formation.
- Syntax examines sentence and utterance structure.
- Semantics involves meaning, and discourse looks at higher-level structures beyond the sentence.
The levels form a hierarchy with phonetics at the bottom and discourse at the top. Each builds upon the previous level in the analysis of human language.
Berceuse op. 57
Chopin was a Polish composer and piano master of the Romantic era. Though his life was short, he composed many acclaimed solo piano works, including two that had descriptive titles - the Berceuse in D-flat, Op. 57 and Barcarolle in F#, Op. 60. The Berceuse was written in 1843-1844 as a lullaby, dedicated to a friend's infant daughter. Written in a 6/8 time signature, it features a main melody in the right hand accompanied by a repeated bass line in the left, along with 16 variations on the theme that unfold like patterns in a kaleidoscope. Its soft, smooth style gives it a sweet and dreamlike quality.
Phonological rules in the English Language
Phonological rules in the English Language.
A comparison of narrow and broad transcription is summarized.
A definition of phonological rule and specific examples of common rules of the English language with words that illustrate each.
minimal pairs
A minimal pair is two words that differ by only one phoneme, or smallest meaningful sound unit. For example, "cat" and "fat" are a minimal pair because they only differ in their first sound. This document provides examples of several English consonant phoneme pairs, including /p/-/b/, /f/-/v/, /s/-/z/, and nasal consonants /m/, /n/, /ŋ/, and instructs the listener to identify the difference between sounds in examples words for each pair. The presentation was created by Doha Mohammad Abdelal and Sarah Sobhi Abu Qoura.
Vowels
Here are 10 common spellings each for the long vowel /i:/ and short vowel /i/ in English:
/i:/
ee, as in tree
ea, as in leaf
ie, as in chief
e, as in machine
e_e, as in these
ey, as in they
ei, as in seize
eigh, as in eight
i, as in police
y, as in rhyme
/i/
i, as in bit
y, as in happy
ie, as in friend
igh, as in high
e, as in women
a, as in various
o, as in women
u, as in business
e
L, R and Syllabic Consonants
The document discusses liquids sounds /l/ and /r/ and how they are formed with more movement of the speech organs compared to other consonants. It explains that when a front vowel is followed by /l/ or /r/, an intermediary schwa sound /ə/ is inserted as the tongue moves from the front vowel position to the back position required for /l/ or /r/. This produces words like "seal" being pronounced as /siyəl/, "well" as /wɛəl/, and "shall" as /ʃæəl/.
Phonethic mr irpan aspect of connected speech chapter 14
This document discusses four aspects of connected speech: rhythm, assimilation, elision, and linking. It defines each aspect and provides examples. Rhythm refers to the regular occurrence of stressed and unstressed syllables. Assimilation is the change in pronunciation of sounds due to surrounding sounds, including place of articulation, manner, and voice. Elision is the omission of sounds, especially vowels and consonants, in casual speech. Linking describes how words and sounds are connected together according to five basic rules.
Combination vowels and consonants
This document discusses vowel combinations, digraphs, and trigraphs in the English language. It provides examples of common vowel combinations like "ea", "igh", and "ay" that represent single sounds. Digraphs are defined as combinations of two vowels that make a single sound, such as "ai" and "oo". There are eight primary diphthongs in English. Trigraphs are combinations of three vowels in a single syllable, such as "eai" and "iou", that represent blended sounds called triphthongs. The document provides examples of common digraphs, diphthongs, and trigraphs to illustrate these concepts.
How many vowel sounds in English?
There is no definitive answer to how many vowel sounds there are in English because linguists differ in their analyses. Peter Roach analyzed British English as having 20 vowel sounds, including 12 monophthongs, 5 closing diphthongs, and 3 centering diphthongs. However, Peter Ladefoged analyzed it as having 20 vowel sounds as well but with some differences - he omitted /ə/ and /υə/ since they are not used in stressed words, and included /aə/ and noted /ju/ as uncertain. The number of vowels is further complicated by differences between British and American English varieties and ongoing changes to pronunciation.
The Analysis of Syllable
This document analyzes the structure of syllables in English. It defines a syllable as a rhythmic unit with an obligatory vowel nucleus that can be preceded by an onset and followed by a coda of optional consonant sounds. Examples of mono-, di-, and polysyllabic words are provided. The significance of syllables for language rhythm, stress patterns, and permissible phoneme combinations is discussed. Syllabic consonants and the process of syllabification for dividing multisyllabic words are also explained.
UAS - CALL - CONTRAST LANGUAGE AND ERROR ANALYSIS
This document discusses various linguistic concepts related to analyzing differences between languages, including diphthongs, syllabic consonants, and plosives. It provides definitions and examples of diphthongs in English and how they are pronounced differently in Indonesian. Syllabic consonants are defined as phonetic elements that pattern as consonants but can fill a vowel slot, and examples of syllabic /l/ and /n/ in English are given. Plosive consonants are defined as consonants where the air is stopped completely then released, and the bilabial, alveolar, and velar plosive consonants of English (/p, b, t, d, k, g/)
English phonology
This document provides an introduction to phonetics and phonology. It discusses:
1) The difference between phonetics and phonology - phonetics is concerned with how sounds are produced and perceived, while phonology is concerned with how sounds function in relation to each other in a language.
2) The speech organs involved in sound production, including the lungs, larynx, pharynx, oral and nasal cavities.
3) Consonants are classified by their voicing (whether vocal folds are used), place of articulation (where air flow is obstructed), and manner (nature of obstruction).
4) Vowels involve less obstruction of air flow than consonants
English vowel , monothongs, diphthong, triphthongs
The document discusses English vowel sounds, including monophthongs, diphthongs, and triphthongs. It provides:
- A list of 12 monophthongs (pure vowel sounds) in English, describing their place and manner of articulation.
- A list of 8 diphthongs (a combination of two vowel sounds within one syllable), categorizing them as centering or closing based on their movement in the vocal tract.
- A definition of triphthongs as a combination of three monophthongs within one syllable, giving 5 examples using closing diphthongs followed by a schwa.
Diagrams are provided to illustrate the articulation of monoph
What's hot (18)
Phonethic mr irpan aspect of connected speech chapter 14
Phonethic mr irpan aspect of connected speech chapter 14
English vowel , monothongs, diphthong, triphthongs
English vowel , monothongs, diphthong, triphthongs
Viewers also liked
Le agevolazioni a sostegno delle start up innovative
LE AGEVOLAZIONI A SOSTEGNO DELLE START
UP INNOVATIVE
Pixel cp operators manual
This document appears to be an operator's manual for an x-ray generator. It provides information on safety, specifications, controls, programming, error codes, exposure tables, maintenance, and x-ray tube data. The introduction describes the generator's features such as output power levels up to 80 kW, kV ranges from 125-150 depending on the model, and user-friendly controls. Safety precautions are outlined, and applicable standards are listed.
abc
The document discusses key performance indicators from the perspectives of different levels of a restaurant business. From a financial perspective, it focuses on food costs and employee productivity. From an internal business process perspective, it focuses on speed and accuracy of food delivery and order fulfillment. From a customer perspective, it focuses on customer satisfaction. From a learning and growth perspective, it focuses on staff training and development of cooking skills.
Q
The cover features Foo Fighters band member Dave Grohl holding a guitar in an unusual field background, with additional promotional images and text following the magazine's house style. The contents pages continue this style and include previews of articles, photos from a Foo Fighters concert, and typical magazine elements like page numbers and credits. Overall the analysis examines how the magazine conventionally presents information about its Foo Fighters focus issue through visual and textual elements.
abc
The document discusses key performance indicators from the perspectives of different levels of a restaurant business. From a financial perspective, it focuses on food costs and waste, as well as business volume per employee. From an internal business process perspective, it focuses on delivery times, order accuracy, and cleanliness. From a customer perspective, it focuses on customer satisfaction. From a learning and growth perspective, it focuses on staff training and development of cooking skills.
bbbDebug1214
This document provides a list of device identifiers and drivers installed on a system. It includes network and storage devices, processors, display adapters, audio devices, and other system components. There are over 100 devices and drivers accounted for in the listing.
NME
The document provides an analysis of the front cover and contents page of the September 2009 issue of NME magazine, which featured Dizzee Rascal. Key elements analyzed include the masthead, cover lines, main image and background, pull quote, barcode, footer, editorial, subscription offer, layout, images, and tagline. NME targets mostly male readers ages 16-24 from middle and upper social classes interested in discovering new bands and integrating music into their daily lives.
Inversion grammar and practice
The document discusses inversion, which is when the typical subject-verb word order is reversed in a sentence for emphasis. It specifically focuses on inversion that occurs after negative adverbials or adverb phrases at the beginning of a sentence. Some common adverbs and adverbial phrases that trigger inversion when placed first include seldom, rarely, little, nowhere, never, not until, and more. Examples of sentences with and without inversion are provided.
To be
The document discusses the irregular verb "to be" in English. It connects subjects to nouns, adjectives, and prepositional phrases. The verb changes form depending on the subject and tense. In present tense, "I am" and "you are" while "he/she/it is" and "we/they are". In past tense, "I/he/she/it was" and "you/we/they were". Examples are provided to practice conjugating the verb "to be" in sentences.
Irregular Form of Plural Noun
An irregular plural noun is a noun that becomes plural through changes other than just adding "s" or "es". Irregular nouns may change vowels, like man to men, or have a different ending altogether, such as mouse to mice. The document provides examples of irregular plural nouns and a quiz to test the reader's knowledge.
1 pstn
This document discusses different types of telephone signaling used in PSTN networks, including:
- Loop start signaling, where the FXO goes off-hook to seize the line and the FXS provides dial tone. Issues like glare can occur.
- Ground start signaling, where the FXS and FXO physically acknowledge the request to seize the line by connecting the tip or ring leads.
- Time slot signaling formats for T1 CAS and E1 R2 CAS, which carry signaling information within specific frames and time slots to indicate voice channel status.
Developing chapter 1
This document provides guidance on developing various components of a research proposal or thesis, including developing research questions, stating hypotheses, integrating relevant theories, operationalizing variables, and addressing scope and limitations. Key elements that are discussed include writing research questions that do not invite yes/no answers and can be investigated, relating hypotheses to the existing literature, operationalizing theoretical concepts, and identifying how the study will benefit institutional and individual beneficiaries.
Word class
The document discusses different parts of speech and noun suffixes. It covers nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs. It then focuses specifically on common noun suffixes like -ance, -ence, -ancy, -ency, -an, and -ian. Examples are provided to illustrate how these suffixes can be added to adjectives, verbs, and other nouns to form new nouns. The suffixes can change the part of speech or add additional meaning to words.
Uts call amy
The document provides a short quiz on irregular plural nouns in English. It asks the user to identify the plural forms of common nouns like "bus", "woman", "buffalo", "calf", and "shelf" by choosing the correctly spelled option. It concludes by providing a phone number for further information on plural nouns.
The British Isles
The document provides information about the geography, history, politics and culture of the British Isles. It describes the various countries that make up the region - England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. It outlines the differences between the terms Britain, United Kingdom and British Isles. Key facts about the royal family, religion, economy and famous sites are also summarized.
The role of social class in English language learning and teaching
This document discusses the role of social class in English language learning at the secondary level in Pakistan. It begins with an introduction that outlines the status of English in Pakistan and its importance in education, government, and business. It then discusses the relationship between social class and the medium of instruction in Pakistani schools. The document reviews related literature on social class and language learning. It describes the research methodology used and presents findings from a questionnaire given to students. It concludes by providing suggestions to help address issues around social class and English language learning, including recommendations for the government, teachers, and students.
Irregular plural noun
This document discusses irregular plural nouns, which are nouns that form their plural not by just adding "s" but by changing their spelling. It provides examples of nouns that change their final letter before adding "s", like "knife" becoming "knives". It also lists nouns that become plural by changing vowels inside the word or using a different ending, such as "child" becoming "children". The document concludes by giving more examples of irregular plural nouns that follow various spelling patterns to indicate plurality.
Temperatura
La temperatura es una magnitud física que mide el grado de agitación molecular de un cuerpo. Existen cuatro escalas comunes para medir la temperatura: la escala Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin y Rankine. La escala Celsius fue creada por Anders Celsius y tiene su punto de fusión a 0°C y ebullición a 100°C. La escala Fahrenheit fue creada por Daniel Fahrenheit y tiene su punto de fusión a 32°F y ebullición a 212°F. La escala Kelvin fue creada en 1848 y tiene su punto de fusión a 273K.
Electric circuits-chapter-1 Basic Concept
The document introduces basic concepts of electric circuits including charge, current, voltage, power, and circuit elements. It defines each concept, provides examples, and shows calculations for determining values like charge from given quantities of electrons or protons. Key points covered include that charge is measured in Coulombs, current in Amperes, voltage in volts, and power in watts. Circuit elements can be active sources or passive components that absorb energy.
Regular and Irregular plural nouns!
Regular plural nouns are typically formed by adding "s" or "es" to the singular form, with exceptions for words ending in certain letters like "ch", "sh", "x". Irregular plural nouns do not follow this pattern and instead may change their spelling, vowel, or ending to become plural, such as changing "f" to "ves" or staying the same. Examples are given of both regular and irregular plural nouns.
Viewers also liked (20)
Le agevolazioni a sostegno delle start up innovative
Le agevolazioni a sostegno delle start up innovative
The role of social class in English language learning and teaching
The role of social class in English language learning and teaching
Similar to - Ed pronunciation
Consonants of English
This document discusses the consonant sounds of English. It describes 5 categories of consonants: friction consonants like f and v; stop consonants like p and b; nasal consonants like m, n, and ng; lateral consonants like l; and gliding consonants like w, y, and r. For each category, it provides details on place and manner of articulation, voiced and voiceless pairs, distribution patterns, and examples to illustrate key points. The goal is to explain the production of all the consonant phonemes in English.
Consonants and vowels
This document discusses the classification of English consonants according to manner of articulation, place of articulation, voicing, and other phonetic processes. It describes the six categories of manner of articulation for English consonants: stops, affricates, fricatives, lateral, nasal, and glides. It also discusses the various places of articulation including bilabial, labiodental, interdental, alveolar, alveopalatal, palatal, and velar. The document provides examples of voiced and voiceless consonants and examines phonetic rules such as assimilation, metathesis, epenthesis, and epithesis that affect consonant production.
Excercise to practise vowels
The document discusses the different types of vowel sounds in English:
- There are 20 vowel sounds classified as monophthongs and diphthongs. Monophthongs are a single vowel sound while diphthongs combine two vowel sounds.
- Examples of monophthongs are short vowels like /i/ in "bit" and long vowels like /i:/ in "bee". Diphthongs include combinations like /ei/ in "page".
- Mastering vowel sounds is important for pronunciation, communication skills, and singing ability. They allow for clearer speech and determine tone.
The consonant system
This document discusses phonemes and allophones, the basic units of sound in language. It provides examples of different phonemes in English like /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/, and others. It also describes allophones, which are sounds that are perceptually different but do not distinguish words. The document outlines the four main aspects of pronunciation: 1) voicing, 2) position of the velum, 3) place of articulation, and 4) manner of articulation. It provides detailed explanations and examples for each category of sounds according to these four aspects.
Pronunciation ed
This document provides rules for pronouncing the past simple form of regular verbs in English. It explains that the pronunciation of the "-ed" ending is determined by whether the final sound of the infinitive form is voiceless, voiced, or "-t" or "-d". Specifically, it states that:
- If the infinitive ends in a voiceless sound like "t", "s", or "p", the "-ed" ending is pronounced as "/t/".
- If the infinitive ends in a voiced sound like a vowel, "b", "g", or "l", the "-ed" ending is pronounced as "/d/".
- If the infinitive ends in "-t"
Phonemic and phonetic contrast
This document discusses sounds and phonology in English and Spanish. It analyzes stop consonants like /p/, /t/, /k/ and their pronunciation differences between languages. It also examines other consonants such as /b/, /d/, /g/ and their allophones in English and Spanish. Words with strong and weak forms are mentioned along with examples. The document provides phonetic transcriptions and descriptions of place and manner of articulation for various consonant sounds in both languages.
ASSIMILAION
Assimilation is when sounds blend together or influence each other due to neighboring sounds. There are several types of assimilation including progressive, regressive, and coalescent assimilation. Progressive assimilation occurs when a sound is influenced by a following sound, regressive assimilation is when a sound is influenced by a preceding sound, and coalescent assimilation is a bidirectional influence between two neighboring sounds. Assimilation can involve changes in place of articulation, manner of articulation, or voice quality of sounds. Common examples of assimilation include /t/ changing to /p/ before bilabial sounds or /k/ before velar sounds in English connected speech.
Phonetics Ppt
The document discusses common problems with English vowel and consonant spelling, including:
- English has more vowel sounds than letters to represent them
- Vowel letters can represent long or short vowel sounds
- Consonant substitutions often involve replacing voiced sounds with unvoiced ones
It provides examples of rules for determining long and short vowel sounds based on spelling, and discusses how consonants like /θ/ and /ð/ can be confused with /t/ and /d/. The differences between consonants like /ʒ/ and /j/ are also outlined.
Phonetics
The document discusses phonemes and allophones in the English language. Phonemes are the smallest units of sound that distinguish meaning, while allophones are variations in pronunciation that do not change the meaning. It provides examples of different types of phonemes categorized by manner of articulation (stops, fricatives, nasals, etc.), voicing, and place of articulation (bilabial, alveolar, palatal, etc.). Key terms explained include voiced/voiceless sounds, nasal vs oral articulation, and place vs manner of articulation. Examples are given to illustrate different phonemes.
The Sound of /t/
This document discusses the different allophones of the /t/ sound in American English. It notes that the /t/ has four common allophones - a regular aspirated /t/, an alveolar tap like a quick /d/ sound, a glottal stop, and being silent. It provides examples of words that demonstrate each allophone and the phonetic rules for when each allophone is used based on adjacent sounds and placement in a word. Short tongue twisters are also included to illustrate the different /t/ allophones.
Pronunciation final ed sounds ppt
This document discusses the different pronunciations of verbs ending in "ed" in the past tense. There are three possible pronunciations: /t/, /d/, or /id/. The pronunciation depends on whether the final sound of the verb's infinitive form is voiced or voiceless. Verbs ending in voiceless sounds like /p/, /k/, /f/ take on the /t/ pronunciation. Verbs ending in voiced sounds like /b/, /g/, /v/ take on the /d/ pronunciation. Verbs ending in /t/ or /d/ sounds take on the /id/ pronunciation. Examples are provided to illustrate each case.
English Vowel Sounds - Phonetics and Phonology
This document provides a detailed phonetic analysis of vowels in English. It examines tongue position, length, rounding, and nasality of vowels. Tongue position is described based on height in the mouth and which part of the tongue is highest. Length distinguishes long from short vowels. Rounding refers to whether the lips are rounded or spread. The document also discusses how vowels can be distinguished from consonants based on obstruction of air flow and ability to form a syllable nucleus. Diagrams are used to illustrate different tongue positions for front, central, and back vowels.
Phonetics summary
The document provides information about various phonetic processes in English, including:
1) The sounds /l/ and /r/ are liquids that involve extensive movement of the speech organs compared to other consonants.
2) When a front vowel is followed by /l/ or /r/, an intermediary /ə/ sound is often inserted as the tongue moves from the front vowel position to the back position for the liquid.
3) Syllabic consonants can form syllables without a vowel when /t/, /d/, or /n/ is followed by an unstressed syllable containing /l/ or /n/.
Linguistics hanoi university
This document provides an overview of phonetics and phonology in the English language. It begins by defining phonetics and phonology, and discussing segmental and suprasegmental features. It then provides charts of the consonant and vowel phonemes in English, including their place and manner of articulation. The document discusses allophones, assimilation, and other connected speech processes. It also addresses syllables, stress, intonation, and other suprasegmental features of English pronunciation. In summary, the document is a reference on the sound system of English, covering its individual speech sounds and rules of pronunciation.
Phonology
The document discusses English phonology and phonemes. It defines key concepts like phonemes, allophones, and minimal pairs. It describes the production of speech sounds, including the parts of the vocal tract and positions of the vocal cords. It provides symbols for both vowel and consonant phonemes in English. It also discusses distribution of sounds within words, including initial and final consonant clusters in English.
Phoenetics and phonology.pdf
This document provides an overview of phonetics and phonology. It discusses the production, transmission, and reception of speech sounds. Phonetics involves the study of articulatory phonetics, which examines speech sound production, acoustic phonetics which studies sound transmission, and auditory phonetics concerning sound reception. The document outlines the principal speech organs and cavities, describes places and manners of articulation for different consonant sounds, and distinguishes between vowels and consonants. It also includes diagrams of the speech organs and English vowel chart.
2 5 regular verbs -ed endings
This document discusses the pronunciation of regular verb endings with -ed. It states that -ed is pronounced as /t/ after voiceless sounds like /k/, /p/, /s/; as /d/ after voiced sounds like /l/, /n/, /v/, /b/ and vowel sounds; and as /əd/ after /t/ and /d/ sounds, adding a syllable. It provides pronunciation examples in phonetic transcription for words like "talked", "called", and "waited" to illustrate the rules.
HOW TO PRONOUCE -ED
The document discusses the three different pronunciations of the "-ed" ending in regular past tense and past participle verbs in English. It can be pronounced as /t/ if the base verb ends in /t/, /d/ or /ɪd/ if the base verb ends in /d/ or a voiced sound, or /ɪd/ if the base verb ends in an unvoiced consonant. It provides examples of verbs that follow each rule and an exercise for the reader to practice identifying the pronunciation of "-ed" in different verbs.
Phonetics
Phonetics is the study of pronunciation and vocal sounds used in human communication. The main organs of speech are the tongue, lips, vocal cords, palate, windpipe, and teeth. There are 20 vowels in English, including 12 pure vowels and 8 diphthongs. Vowels are classified as short or long. Consonants are non-vowel sounds that involve audible friction or obstruction in the mouth, and there are 24 consonants in English including gliding consonants. Consonants are classified into six types: plosive, fricative, nasal, lateral, affricate, and trill.
Similar to - Ed pronunciation (20)
Recently uploaded
The History of Stoke Newington Street Names
Presented at the Stoke Newington Literary Festival on 9th June 2024
www.StokeNewingtonHistory.com
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar KanvariaDRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
Any substance (other than food) that is used to prevent, diagnose, treat, or relieve symptoms of a
disease or abnormal condition
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS Template 2023-2024 by: Irene S. Rueco
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
Top five deadliest dog breeds in America
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
PCOS corelations and management through Ayurveda.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
The Diamonds of 2023-2024 in the IGRA collection
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptxMohd Adib Abd Muin, Senior Lecturer at Universiti Utara Malaysia
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Recently uploaded (20)
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
- Ed pronunciation
- 1. -ed PRONUNCIATION When the –ed is part of the past tense of a regular verb, it can be pronounced as /t/, /d/ or /id/, depending on the final sound of the verb in its infinitive form. /t/ when the final sound of the infinitive form of the verb is a *voiceless sound (*sonido sordo), except the consonant sound /t/. The voiceless sounds in English are / p/, /t/, /k/,/ ʧ/ (ch), / / (th), /s/, /ʃ/ (sh), /h/, /f/ Examples: look - looked ask - asked watch - watched help – helped /d/ when the final sound of the infinitive form of the verb is a *voiced sound (*sonido sonoro), except the consonant sound /d/. The voiced sounds in English are all vowels and the rest of the consonants, i.e.: /b/, /d/, /g/, /ʤ/, /z/, /v/, /ð/, /m/, /n/, / ŋ/, /l/, /r/, /w/, /j/ Examples: believe – believed judge - judged fill - filled enjoy – enjoyed /id/ when the final sound of the infinitive form of the verb is /t/ or /d/. Examples: need - needed participate- participated wait – waited decide- decided