This document discusses supply and demand concepts. It defines key terms like demand, quantity demanded, demand curves, and how demand can change due to factors like price, income, and consumer preferences. It also defines supply, quantity supplied, supply curves, and how supply can change due to price and production costs. The document explains the relationship between supply and demand and how equilibrium price and quantity are determined by where the supply and demand curves intersect. It illustrates how shifts in supply or demand curves impact equilibrium.
UNIT - III: SUPPLY ANALYSIS: Supply function - The Law of Supply - Elasticity of
Supply; PRODUCTION ANALYSIS: Production function - Production function with one &
two variables - Isoquants and Isocosts – Marginal Rate of Technical Substitution - Least cost
combination of inputs – Cobb-Douglas Production Function - Returns to Scale - Economies
of scale; COST ANALYSIS: Cost Concepts - Short Run vs. Long Run Costs; PROFITMANAGEMENT: Meaning of Profit – Role of Profit; BREAK - EVEN ANALYSIS:
Determination of Break Even Point (Simple Problems) – Assumptions –Managerial
Significance and limitations of Break - Even Analysis.
UNIT - III: SUPPLY ANALYSIS: Supply function - The Law of Supply - Elasticity of
Supply; PRODUCTION ANALYSIS: Production function - Production function with one &
two variables - Isoquants and Isocosts – Marginal Rate of Technical Substitution - Least cost
combination of inputs – Cobb-Douglas Production Function - Returns to Scale - Economies
of scale; COST ANALYSIS: Cost Concepts - Short Run vs. Long Run Costs; PROFITMANAGEMENT: Meaning of Profit – Role of Profit; BREAK - EVEN ANALYSIS:
Determination of Break Even Point (Simple Problems) – Assumptions –Managerial
Significance and limitations of Break - Even Analysis.
Economics project on Production Possibilty CurveNiraj Kumar
A full economics project for the first time ever. Economics project on PPC. PPC a topic from book. This project includes everything realted to PPC. This project had covered each and every corner of this topic.
AS Economics Revision - Microeconomics (F581)Tom Simms
Revision for key topics for the OCR A Level/AS Level Economics module F581. May also be useful for other exam boards (WJEC/AQA). Covers basic issues relating to microeconomics.
Economics project on Production Possibilty CurveNiraj Kumar
A full economics project for the first time ever. Economics project on PPC. PPC a topic from book. This project includes everything realted to PPC. This project had covered each and every corner of this topic.
AS Economics Revision - Microeconomics (F581)Tom Simms
Revision for key topics for the OCR A Level/AS Level Economics module F581. May also be useful for other exam boards (WJEC/AQA). Covers basic issues relating to microeconomics.
Witekio’s adventure started 15 years ago under the name Adeneo Embedded, as a precursor of complex and connected embedded systems. Witekio is an embedded software expert with a system level approach, engineering and integrating intelligent systems software for any device from the hardware to the cloud.
We bring along a world class recognized technical expertise on both low (OS, driver, firmware) and high level software (application, connectivity, cloud) associated with a usage knowledge on specific markets that allows the best choices in technologies and architecture for the best performance and security. We are providing custom services for software development, integration, design, support, and training.
Close working partnerships with industry-leading silicon and software vendors along with our passionate teams based in Europe, United-State and Asia has allowed Witekio to apply experience to a wide range of embedded solutions for the automotive, handheld, industrial, medical, mobile and wireless markets.
We help our customers, in all stages of development, to enable the success of their projects and maximize their efficiency, providing expertise, methods and engineering teams that enable flexible, scalable and mature system software integration.
Connect with us at www.witekio.com
demand and supply, a free market, equilibrium in marketRAHUL SINHA
notes on chapter 4 of economics book by mankiw.
graphs are taken from the same.
topics covered
WHAT IS MARKET?
WHAT DETERMINES THE QUANTITY AN INDIVIDUAL DEMANDS?
THE DEMAND SCHEDULE AND THE DEMAND CURVE
MARKET DEMAND VERSUS INDIVIDUAL DEMAND
SHIFTS IN THE DEMAND CURVE
WHAT DETERMINES THE QUANTITY AN INDIVIDUAL SUPPLIES?
THE SUPPLY SCHEDULE AND THE SUPPLY CURVE
MARKET SUPPLY VERSUS INDIVIDUAL SUPPLY
SHIFTS IN THE SUPPLY CURVE
SUPPLY AND DEMAND TOGETHER
THREE STEPS TO ANALYZING CHANGES IN EQUILIBRIUM
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
5. Quantity Demanded
• The amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and able
to buy at a specific price
• Demand is expressed in terms of a time frame(per week, per day)
• Does price effect demand?
7. Law of Demand
• Demand and price are inverse(opposites)
• As price goes up, demand goes down
• As price goes down, demand does up
8. Why does demand change?
• Price, duh
• Change in income
• What happens if you make more money? Get laid off?
• Change in number of consumers
• What happens if a flood occurs? A festival happens?
• Change in consumer preference
• VHS and DVDs
9. Why does demand change?
• Change in consumer expectations
• Expect a sale
• Change in price of substitute goods
• HCF and Name Brand
• Change in price of complimentary goods
• Printers and ink, hamburgers and buns
11. Warm-Up
• Demand is always referring to _____________(producers or
consumers)
• Write down the 7 reasons demand can change and give an example of
each (write this in your notes)
• You may work with a partner
13. Changes in the curve
• An increase in demand causes the demand curve to shift to the right
• A decrease in demand causes the demand curve to shift to the left
• An increase or decrease in price causes the line to move stretch or
shrink (up or down)
14. Supply
• The quantity of a good or service that producers are willing to and
able to offer for sale at various prices
• Difference between supply and demand?
18. Supply Curve
• Shows the relationship between price and the quantity producers are
willing and able to supply
19. Law of Supply
• Price and quantity move in the same direction
• As price goes up, quantity supplied goes up
• As price goes down, quantity supplied goes down
20. Why does supply change?
• Price, duh
• Change in the amount of producers
• More producers leads to higher supplies
• Change in cost of factors of production
• Decrease in cost of production leads to an increase in supply
21. Why does supply change?
• Changes in Technology
• Technology can decrease cost, which leads to an increase in supply
• Changes in producer expectations
• Changes in Government policy
23. Warm-Up
• Draw a demand curve(label the x and y axis)
• Draw a supply curve (label the x and y axis)
• How does price effect demand
• How does price effect supply
24. Graphing Changes in Supply
• An increase in demand causes the supply curve to shift to the right
• A decrease in demand causes the supply curve to shift to the left
25. Demand and Supply Meet
• Market equilibrium: the quantity of a good or service that
consumers are willing and able to buy equals the quantity
that producers are willing and able to sell
• Market price is the price a willing consumer pays to a
willing producer for the sale of a good or service
27. When the price is not right
• Disequilibrium- when the quantity of a product demanded does not
meet the quantity of a product supplied; causing a shortage or
surplus
• Shortage- a lack of something
• Surplus- an excess of something
28. Shortage/Excess Demand
• Talk with a partner or think by yourself about two examples of
shortages or excess demand
• How to solve excess demand?
29. Surplus/Excess Supply
• Talk with a partner or think by yourself about two examples of surplus
or excess supply.
• How to solve excess supply
31. Warm-Up
• If there is an increase in quantity on a demand or supply curve which
way does the line shift? Draw an example.
• If there is a decrease in quantity on a demand or supply curve which
way does the line shift? Draw an example.
• List two reasons why demand might shift on a demand curve, give an
example for each.
• List two reasons why supply might shift on a supply curve, give an
example for each.
32. Warm-Up
• What does equilibrium mean? Label the equilibrium on a graph.
• What is a surplus? Draw an example.
• What is a shortage? Draw an example.
33. How do shifts in the curve effect markets?
• If there is a shift in the demand or supply curve there is a new
equilibrium price
34. Effect of a change in demand on equilibrium
• Does the change increase (shift to the right) or decrease(shift to the
left) the quantity demanded
• What are the new equilibrium price and quantity? Did the
price/quantity increase or decrease?
35. Effect of a change in supply on equilibrium
• Does the change increase (shift to the right) or decrease(shift to the
left) the quantity supplied?
• What are the new equilibrium price and quantity? Did the
price/quantity increase or decrease?
36. Effect of changes in both supply and demand
on equilibrium
• Does the change increase (shift to the right) or decrease(shift to the
left) the quantity supplied and quantity demanded?
• What are the new equilibrium price and quantity? Did the
price/quantity increase or decrease?