The document discusses internet and wireless technologies such as IEEE 802.11, HTTP, and Mobile IP. It describes experiments on dynamic media streaming over wireless networks using different transport protocols like TCP and PRRT. The experiments showed that TCP suffers from throughput variations on wireless networks leading to underutilization of bandwidth. In contrast, PRRT, which implements predictably reliable transport, was able to optimize bandwidth utilization for media streaming over wireless and mobile internet paths.

1. BY:
Naveen Dubey
ME(ECE)-Modular 2012
121614

2. Internet and Wireless
 IEEE 802.11
 Real Time Transport protocols

 HTTP
 HTTP-DASH
Mobile IP
 Problem Statement
 Related work
 Proposal

 Dynamic media transport.
 Experimental Results

3. 
Today’s mobile market is exploding, and the demand for high-quality online
media has never been greater.
 Due to introduction of iPhone, iPad, iPod Touch, Android and all other
mobile devices in market.

The challenges

Mobile users expect high quality video experience

Network operators need to offer quality experience affordably

4.  Due to the increasing number of portable consumer electronic devices , today’s
internet path include at least one wireless segment.

Predominant architectures are IEEE802.11 as well as 3G/4G networks.

5. Mobile Internet Access
Internet
Subscribers
(millions)
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
Source: Ericsson
Fixed
Mobile
Year

6. CISCO-VNI
39 times
growth
of
mobile
data
66%
mobile
video by
2014
Source:
Cisco White Paper: Cisco
Visual NetworkingIndex:
Global Mobile Data
Traffic Forecast
Update, 2009-2014
Figure 2

7. 


IEEE 802.11 is a set of media access control (MAC) and physical
layer (PHY) specifications for implementing wireless local area
network (WLAN) computer communication in the 2.4, 3.6, 5
and60 GHz frequency bands.
The base version of the standard was released in 1997.
The standard and amendments provide the basis for wireless network
products using the Wi-Fi brand.
 Recent
Standard:
IEEE802.11-2012: This revision specifies technical
corrections and clarifications to IEEE Std 802.11 for wireless local area
networks (WLANS) as well as enhancements to the existing medium
access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) functions.
(including all amendments since 2008-2011)

8.  Real Time Transport Protocol (RTP) defines a standardized
packet format for delivering audio and video over IP networks.

RTP is used extensively in communication and entertainment
systems that involve streaming media, such
as telephony, video teleconference applications, television
services and web-based push-to-talk features.

One of the design considerations of RTP was to carry a
range of multimedia formats (such as H.264, MPEG4, MJPEG, MPEG, etc.) and allow new formats to be added
without revising the RTP standard.

9. 
The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an
application-level protocol for
distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information
systems.
(RFC-2616)

The rules governing the conversation between a Web
client and a Web server

10. An HTTP conversation
Client

I would like to open a
connection
Server
OK

Send page or error message



OK
GET <file location>
Display response
 Close connection

HTTP is the set of rules governing the format and content of the
conversation between a Web client and server
It is an application layer protocol.

11. 
Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH), also known
as MPEG-DASH, enables high quality streaming of media
content over the Internet delivered from conventional HTTP
web servers. Similar to Apple's HTTP Live Streaming (HLS)
solution.

12. Segment
DASH Client
Media
Presentation
Description
DASH
Control
Engine
Resources
located by
HTTP-URLs
HTTP/1.1
on-time http
requests to
segments
HTTP
Access
Client
Media
Engines
12

13. 

A protocol enhancements that allow transparent routing of IP
datagram's to mobile nodes in the Internet.
Each mobile node is always identified by its home
address, regardless of its current point of attachment to the
Internet. While situated away from its home.
[RFC-
2002]


A mobile node is associated with a care-of address, which
provides information about its current point of attachment to
the Internet.
The home agent sends datagram's destined for the mobile node
through a tunnel to the care- of address. After arriving at the
end of the tunnel, each datagram is then delivered to the mobile

14. LMA- Local mobility anchor
MAG- Mobile access Gateway
CN: Correspondent Network

15. Manuel Gorius, Yongto Shuai, Thorsten
Herfet “Dynamic media streaming over
wireless and mobile IP Networks”, ICCEBerlin,2012

16.  The
internet protocol hides heterogeneity of
network from upper layers such that the
transport protocol is subject to highly variable
state.
The reliable transport protocol suffer from throughput
variation on wireless network, which introduce packet
corruption and packet loss.
Consequently the available bandwidth is frequently
underutilized.
This inefficiency is limiting factor for the deployment
of High definition media.

17. 
As TCP/Http is today’s de facto standard for internet
media streaming.
However, Internet TV solutions based on HTTP are
limited in their quality due to numerous drawbacks of
transport protocols on wireless networks.

To avoid physical packet loss into wireless mobile
standards the protocols rely on H-ARQ is implemented.
 But due to limited number of transmission retires, the
transport protocol is still exposed to small percentage
of residual packet loss.

18. 
Related work in this field commonly builds
upon dynamic streaming, packet scheduling
and source rate adjustment of media
streams, as well as partial reliability on
transport layer.
 Recent
development in dynamic HTTP streams
try to address the issue of media streaming
under congestion control by offering the video
stream in multiple resolution at server.

19. 
Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP
(HTTP-DASH) is in its standardization
process.
 A stream
switching scheme similar to DASH
has been developed by De cicco.

20. 
A dynamic streaming architecture based on a
novel transport protocol – Predictably Reliable
Real-time Transport (PART) has been proposed.

The protocol operates under rate based congestion
control. In contrast to window based congestion
control.

It sends datagram of a continuous media stream
proactively according to the rate estimate of a
congestion control equation.

21. 
It is a self-managing dynamic streaming
architecture based on three essential
components..
Proactive packet scheduling under an estimate of the
available network bandwidth.
Predictably reliable transport fulfils the QOS
requirements of high data rate, real time media
streaming applications on unmanaged Internet paths.
Delay-based congestion control returns a stable and
continuous estimate of the available bandwidth.

22. Fig: Dynamic streaming architecture based on the PRRT protocol.
PLR- Packet loss rate , RTT- Round trip time.

23. 
Network Simulator used for experiment:
Netem emulator.
Experiment-1:
Considerations:
1.
2.
3.
Evaluation of the response of TCP and PRRT to
wireless packet loss .
HSDPA network with physical layer throughput of
7.2 Mbps.
PLR increased stepwise from 0% to 1%

25. Considerations:
1.Evaluation of video bit rate while sending a video file via
DASH and via PRRT.
2. Experiment Carried out on HSDPA network.
3. Two adaption set considered.
A. 2,3,4,5 and 6 Mbps
B. 0.8,1.5,2.5 Mbps
4. The mobile client observes a base RTT of 95 ms.

27. Considerations:
1. Replace mobile network by IEEE802.11
2. The receiver placed at distance of 7m to the Access point with
two wall between the direct path.
3. The Ap of the wireless additionally introduces extensive
queuing delay.

29. 
As evidenced by the above experiments, TCPbased media streaming suffers significantly on
wireless IP networks due to TCP’s throughput
variations.

The presented dynamic streaming architecture
therefore implements media transport based on
PRRT, which implements efficient, predictably
reliable error control and proactive transport for
optimal utilization of the available bandwidth on
wireless and mobile Internet paths.

30. Manuel Gorius, Yongato Shuai, Thorsten Herfet “Dyanmic
media srteaming over wireless and mobile IP
Networks”, ICCE-Berlin, 2012
 Naveen Dubey , Sunil Yadav , Anupam Saini “ Mobile IP
based intelligent home”, International
Conference ICETDSMT-2013,March 11-12 ,2013 ,PP 241245, ISBN: 978-93-83083-28-5
RFC’s & Web
 Cisco VNI forecast : http:/bit.ly/bwGYL
 http://www.ericsson.com/res/docs/2013/ericsson-mobilityreport-june-2012.pdf
 http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt
 http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2002.txt
 http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2794
