Ductile Adhesively Bonded Timber Joints
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- Experimental tests were conducted on double lap timber joints bonded with different adhesives, including stiff epoxy and softer plastic adhesives. - The tests found no significant differences in load-displacement curves or influence on strength between the different adhesives. Failure occurred brittlely in the timber. - Numerical modeling confirmed the softer adhesives reduced stress magnitudes but also increased the stressed volumes. - A probabilistic approach is needed to explain the relationship between stress and strength, rather than a direct correlation, due to size effects and the brittle nature of timber. - While ductile adhesives reduce stresses, they do not necessarily increase joint strength as expected based on a stress-
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Physical and mechanical properties of dental material
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Finite element model for the FRP strengthened RC beams under static loading with consideration of bond-slip effect between concrete-adhesive-FRP adhesive.
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Novel electrowinning technologies.ppt copy
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Electrolysis is the process of using direct electrical current to cause a non-spontaneous chemical reaction. During electrolysis, ions conduct electricity and move towards the electrode that attracts them. The key factors that determine the products of electrolysis include:
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"Transfer It" Please respond to the following:
· Using 140 characters or less (the length of a Tweet), summarize the importance of this class to someone unfamiliar with the concepts.
· Discuss ways you can apply what you learned in this course to your current or future position.
Note: this is the class of INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTER INFO SYSTEM
ABSTRACT
The report describe the results obtained from a tensile test. This was in determination of the ultimate tensile strength of both metals and polymeric materials. It is common knowledge that materials have certain unique properties but assigning the exact values to them requires a well outlined laboratory procedure. The materials under testing were; steel, aluminum, high density polyethylene, and low density polyethylene. The results obtained were analyzed and presented in graphical form.
INTRODUCTION
The Ultimate Tensile strength of a material is the maximum amount of stress that a given material can tolerate when pulling forces are applied at both ends, without failing. Ultimate Tensile strength is differentiated from compressive strength in that the former is acted upon by forces that pull a material outwards on both sides while the latter is acted upon by forces that push a material inwards. (David, 2008) Tensile strength is determined by using a cylindrical sample of known length and cross sectional area and subjecting it to tensile forces in a tensile machine. Most commonly used tensile machines include: lab master z-direction tensile tester and universal tester. (David, 2008) When the tests are carried out, the stress-strain relationships is easily determined hence making it easy to deduce the ultimate tensile strength of the material specimen and its young’s modulus.
When designing for rigid structures, the properties of various construction materials need to be determined. (David, 2008)The reason being materials are subject to external forces when used in construction of structures. Different materials have different properties due to differences in their molecular structure. This fact is evident in the case of metals and polymeric samples which exhibit different physical and chemical properties due to variances in molecular structure and in extension atomic composition. This makes them react differently to when subjected to external forces. Metal are generally stronger than polymers hence used in area which experience heavy loading in a structure. In order for one to find the most suitable material for a particular project, material property needs to be known, with the most natural property being tensile strength.
Steel and aluminum are the most commonly used metals in construction projects. They have both high electrical and thermal conductivity, relatively high densities, high melting points, and both high ultimate and yield strength. (Gordon, 1976)Steel is mostly used together with concrete to form rigid structure such as buildings and dams. Aluminum is mostly us ...
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A Research Paper on the Performance of Synthetic Fibre Reinforced Concrete
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H012325459
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An Experimental Analysis to Determine Ultimate Tensile Strength of Jute Reinf...
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Creep of timber columns 7 6-3
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Jb3615801586
The document summarizes research testing the effect of steel fiber volume fraction on the flexural strength of high-strength concrete beams. 25 beams were tested with steel fiber volumes from 0.5-4%. Testing showed flexural strength increased with higher fiber volumes. As fiber content increased, the failure mode transitioned from shear to flexure. Load-deflection curves showed higher maximum loads and deflections for beams with more fibers. In conclusion, adding steel fibers increases flexural strength of beams, especially at lower fiber volumes.
Svnit composite materials
Composites are materials made from two or more constituent materials with different physical or chemical properties. The materials remain separate within the finished structure to produce properties that are superior to those of the individual components. Composites consist of a reinforcement material, such as fibers, sheets or particles, embedded within a matrix material that maintains the relative positions of the reinforcements and allows for load transfer from the matrix to the reinforcement. Common reinforcement materials include glass, carbon and organic fibers while matrix materials include polymers, metals and ceramics. Composites offer advantages over traditional materials like high strength, light weight, design flexibility and resistance to corrosion.
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This document summarizes research into the effects of adding synthetic fibers like glass, nylon, and polypropylene fibers on the mechanical properties of mortars. The researchers tested mortar composites containing different fiber types and contents at varying fiber lengths. They found that adding nylon and polypropylene fibers increased the compressive and flexural strength of the mortar composites, while glass fibers decreased compressive strength slightly. Tensile strength was also improved to a lesser extent by fiber addition. Increasing fiber length and content provided further strength improvements, but glass fiber had little effect on tensile properties. Nylon fiber mortar composites exhibited the most promising mechanical strengths for uses like partitions and ceilings.
ABSTRACTThe report describe the results obtained from a tens.docx
ABSTRACT
The report describe the results obtained from a tensile test. This was in determination of the ultimate tensile strength of both metals and polymeric materials. It is common knowledge that materials have certain unique properties but assigning the exact values to them requires a well outlined laboratory procedure. The materials under testing were; steel, aluminum, high density polyethylene, and low density polyethylene. The results obtained were analyzed and presented in graphical form.
INTRODUCTION
The Ultimate Tensile strength of a material is the maximum amount of stress that a given material can tolerate when pulling forces are applied at both ends, without failing. Ultimate Tensile strength is differentiated from compressive strength in that the former is acted upon by forces that pull a material outwards on both sides while the latter is acted upon by forces that push a material inwards. (David, 2008) Tensile strength is determined by using a cylindrical sample of known length and cross sectional area and subjecting it to tensile forces in a tensile machine. Most commonly used tensile machines include: lab master z-direction tensile tester and universal tester. (David, 2008) When the tests are carried out, the stress-strain relationships is easily determined hence making it easy to deduce the ultimate tensile strength of the material specimen and its young’s modulus.
When designing for rigid structures, the properties of various construction materials need to be determined. (David, 2008)The reason being materials are subject to external forces when used in construction of structures. Different materials have different properties due to differences in their molecular structure. This fact is evident in the case of metals and polymeric samples which exhibit different physical and chemical properties due to variances in molecular structure and in extension atomic composition. This makes them react differently to when subjected to external forces. Metal are generally stronger than polymers hence used in area which experience heavy loading in a structure. In order for one to find the most suitable material for a particular project, material property needs to be known, with the most natural property being tensile strength.
Steel and aluminum are the most commonly used metals in construction projects. They have both high electrical and thermal conductivity, relatively high densities, high melting points, and both high ultimate and yield strength. (Gordon, 1976)Steel is mostly used together with concrete to form rigid structure such as buildings and dams. Aluminum is mostly used in construction of planes, electric cables and engine blocks. Polymeric materials have both low electrical and thermal conductivity, relatively low densities, low melting points and both low ultimate and yield strength. Low density polyethylene is used in making of playground slides, six pack rings, and plastic wraps. High density polyethylene is used in mak.
Engineering materials related terms .
Plasticity, Theory of Plasticity ,Creep in concrete ,Creep, Stiffness ,Elasticity ,Plasticity ,Euler-Bernoulli beam equation, Buckling, Ductility VS Malleability, Ductile Materials, Brittle Materials ,Modulus of Elasticity, Plastic Strain, Tensile Strength, Yield Strength, Ultimate Strength, Solid mechanics or Mechanics of solids, Strength of Materials, Types of forces, Normal forces, Fatigue , Resilience, Unit of Resilience, Modulus of rigidity , Modulus of Resilience, Modulus of Toughness Poisson’s Ratio.
New Synopsis updated 123 (2).pptx
This document provides a major project synopsis presentation for an experimental and failure analysis of a CFRP-CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic) single lap adhesive joint. The objectives are to fabricate single lap adhesive joint specimens with CFRP and Araldite AW106 adhesive, varying overlap length and adhesive thickness, and perform tensile testing and ANSYS analysis. The methodology involves a literature review, materials purchasing, specimen fabrication, testing, ANSYS analysis, results comparison, and conclusion. Dimensions, material properties, and validated ANSYS models are presented. The analysis shows maximum stresses at the overlap ends and agrees with reference results.
Static Analysis of Single Lap Joint of Composite Materials
Mechanically fastened joints are critical parts in composite aircraft structures. The composite structural members are highly used in the following applications such as aerospace, automobiles, marine, architecture etc., In the past decades, adhesive bonding is a practical joint method for joining composite materials which provide low shear and tensile strength .To improve the tensile strength, the joint is made with material joint. Glass Fiber/Chopped strands mat and Bi-Directional fly / Epoxy composite is fabricated by hand lay-up method. The tensile properties of the material joint are obtained and compared with that of bolted joint. The experimental results shows that the material joint has superior tensile properties than the bolted joint and the Bi-Directional fly composite exhibits superior tensile strength than the chopped strands mat. Finite element analysis also done and compared with the experimental results and found to be similar.
A04650110
This document describes an experimental investigation into the tensile and compressive strengths of composite materials made of fly ash cores sandwiched between epoxy matrix skins. Three different compositions of fly ash and epoxy were tested: 65%-35%, 60%-40%, and 55%-45%. The composites were produced using a hand layup process and tested according to ASTM standards to determine their density, flat-wise compressive strength, and tensile strength. The 60%-40% composite material showed the best results, with higher strength and stiffness values in both tensile and compression tests compared to the other compositions.
A Study of Failure Criteria of Fibrous Composite Material...
This research proposal aims to study the failure criteria of fibrous composite materials. The researcher will evaluate existing composite failure criteria in finite element analysis software and explore modifications to account for large deformations, progressive failure, and stress-strain interactions. Several composite failure theories will be presented and their advantages/limitations in modeling laminate failure will be discussed. Experimental testing will be conducted to validate the analysis results. The research intends to improve understanding and modeling of failure in fibrous composites.
Experimental investigation on effect of different shaped steel fibers on comp...
This document presents the results of an experimental investigation into the effect of different shaped steel fibers on the compressive strength of high-strength concrete. Steel fibers with hooked, flat, and waving shapes were added to M70 grade concrete at volumes of 0.5-4% to test compressive strength at 7 and 28 days. Compressive strength was found to increase with higher fiber volumes for all fiber shapes. The maximum increases in strength were 14.54% for waving fibers, 15.72% for flat fibers, and 10.74% for hooked fibers, all at a 4% fiber volume. In conclusion, compressive strength improved with fiber addition and was highest for flat fibers followed by waving then hooked fibers.
Stress-Strain Curves for Metals, Ceramics and Polymers
Homework II - Biomaterials Science
We are interested about studying and comparing stress-strain curves of metals, ceramics and polymers. Primarily, differences are due to their different chemical bonding properties.
IST - 4th Year - 2nd Semester - Biomedical Engineering.
Design and Analysis of Composite Bolt
This document discusses the design and analysis of a composite bolt made of glass fiber and epoxy resin. It begins with an abstract that outlines the objectives of creating a low-cost composite bolt using glass fiber reinforcement in an epoxy matrix. It then reviews previous literature on composite materials and bolted joints, which found that addition of glass fibers increases strength and stiffness. The document describes the materials and methods used, including hand lay-up of epoxy resin reinforced with glass fibers. It presents results of testing the composite bolts and comparing the mechanical properties of unidirectional and bidirectional fiber orientations.
Finite Element Analysis of honeycomb using Abaqus
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New workA)Transfer It Please respond to the following· U.docx
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A Research Paper on the Performance of Synthetic Fibre Reinforced Concrete
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An Experimental Analysis to Determine Ultimate Tensile Strength of Jute Reinf...
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ABSTRACTThe report describe the results obtained from a tens.docx
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Static Analysis of Single Lap Joint of Composite Materials
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A Study of Failure Criteria of Fibrous Composite Material...
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Experimental investigation on effect of different shaped steel fibers on comp...
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This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
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Chris Jones, Director of Product Management at BrainChip , presents the “Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transformer” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
The expansion of AI services necessitates enhanced computational capabilities on edge devices. Temporal Event Neural Networks (TENNs), developed by BrainChip, represent a novel and highly efficient state-space network. TENNs demonstrate exceptional proficiency in handling multi-dimensional streaming data, facilitating advancements in object detection, action recognition, speech enhancement and language model/sequence generation. Through the utilization of polynomial-based continuous convolutions, TENNs streamline models, expedite training processes and significantly diminish memory requirements, achieving notable reductions of up to 50x in parameters and 5,000x in energy consumption compared to prevailing methodologies like transformers.
Integration with BrainChip’s Akida neuromorphic hardware IP further enhances TENNs’ capabilities, enabling the realization of highly capable, portable and passively cooled edge devices. This presentation delves into the technical innovations underlying TENNs, presents real-world benchmarks, and elucidates how this cutting-edge approach is positioned to revolutionize edge AI across diverse applications.Recently uploaded (20)
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Ductile Adhesively Bonded Timber Joints
- 1. Ductile Adhesively Bonded Timber Joints Simon Hehl, Research Assistant Thomas Tannert, Research FellowTill Vallée, ProfessorTimber & Composites LaboratoryBern University of Applied Sciences
- 2. Outline Ductility in the context of bonded timber joints Experimental investigations Numerical modeling Discussion Conclusions
- 3. Ductility in the context of bonded timber joints Ductility holds a central status in civil engineering Allows for load redistribution, announces failure Ductility is usually achieved through plastic behavior Yielding of steel Plastic behavior of concrete in compression Timber has to be considered as being brittle Especially when it comes to tensile and shear
- 4. Ductility in timber structures Timber is not ductile If not considering some plastic behavior in compression Ductility in timber structures can be found in the connections In the context of adhesives, it boils down to consider the use of plastic adhesives Preliminary work done for Glulam Similar research performed of G/C-FRP
- 5. Experimental investigationsSeries 1 Tests on adhesively bonded double lap joints (DLJ) Timber: Spruce Consideration of three different adhesives A commonly used stiff epoxy Two softer plastic adhesives Three overlap lengths
- 6. Experimental investigations ~4550 MPa ~450 MPa ~150 MPa
- 7. Experimental investigationsSeries 2 Tests performed on DLJ involving graded adhesive layers Soft adhesive in the middle portion vs. stiff outside Variation of the grading level, i.e. proportion of soft vs. stiff
- 8. For all adhesives No significant differences in the load-displ’ curves Brittle failure in the timber No objective signsof ductility! No influence on strength Experimental investigations
- 11. Experimental investigations Neither did the use of ductile adhesives enhance ductility nor increase the ultimate strength of adhesively bonded joints Since the use of softer, especially plastic, adhesives leads to a reduction of stresses, this results sounds contradictory
- 12. Numerical modeling All configurations were numerically modeled Using Ansys v11 Material properties gathered for this purpose including the orthotropic properties of timber Including the plastic properties of the adhesives Determination of all stress components that trigger failure σx,σy, τxy
- 16. Numerical modeling FEA confirms that ductile adhesives indeed lead to a reduction of stress magnitudes Correspondingly an increase of joint strength would be expected This leads to the conclusion that joint strength is not exclusively driven by a stress based approach Actually, the problem is best described using a probabilistic method
- 17. Numerical modeling Each element has a different volume, Vi, compared to the specimen on which strength was determined, V0 Its strength is thus different… Each of the elements i has a probability of survival …determined using Weibull …Ps of joint = ΣPs,i Size effects Weibull probabilistic
- 20. Discussion The use of ductile adhesives leads to a reduction in stress magnitudes, but also to increasing the volumes over which these stresses act There is a lack of correlation between stress magnitude and joint strength Probabilistic methods can be used to explain the apparent contradiction raised by this study
- 21. Numerical modeling CHAMFERED DLJ Stresses reduced Till Vallée, Juan Murcia, Thomas Tannert and David Quinn, Influence of stress reduction methods on the strength of adhesively bonded composed of brittle adherends, subm. To Int. JourAdh&dh.
- 22. Beyond adhesives and/or timber T. Vallée, J. R. Correia, and T. Keller, „Probabilistic strength prediction for double lap joints composed of pultruded GFRP profiles, part II: Strength prediction“, Composites Science and Technology, vol. 66, no. 13, pp. 1915-1930, 2006.
- 23. Conclusions The lack of ductility of timber, and structures made thereof is a serious issue To overcome this issue, several researchers point towards the use of ductile adhesives …their claim is based on a correlation between structural response and adhesive ductility, i.e. stress reductions This study, amongst others, gives indications that this approach is highly hypothetical …and offers an explanation why the lack of the expected pay-off using ductile adhesives was predictable, and never clearly demonstrated experimentally
- 24. Thank you for your attention I’m happy to answer your questions till.vallee@fibreworks.org