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Drug Prescriptions[1]
- 2. Briefly explain the three types of drugs discussed ◦ Antibiotics ◦ Bronchodilator ◦ Corticosteroid Identify the common respiratory condition(s) the drugs are used to treat Knowledge of the common side effects Basic understanding of the drug physiology (function)
- 3. What it is… What it treats… ◦ A chemical agent used ◦ Kills bacteria that to disrupt the causes respiratory metabolic process of infection pathogenic(disease ◦ Common bacterial causing) respiratory infections microorganisms, antibiotics treat namely bacteria include: ◦ Common antibiotics Tuberculosis-bacterial amoxicillin, penicillin infection of the lungs Pneumonia-Inflammatory condition of the lungs that can caused by bacteria
- 4. How it works… DISRUPTS CELL MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY-The ◦ Antibiotics generally work antibiotic clings to the in 4 ways bacterial cell wall causing INHIBITS CELL WALL the cell’s contents to leak SYNTHESIS –Disrupts the out creation of the bacterial cell STOPS METABOLIC wall, causing weakness and SYNTHESIS-Blocks bacterial cell death. cell metabolism, so the cell INHIBITS PROTEIN cannot reproduce SYNTHESIS-the antibiotic Antibiotics are primarily deprives protein (RNA/DNA) administered orally (by of an essential enzyme, mouth) causing the bacteria to stop •Common side effects: replicating (multiplying) or communicating with other Nausea, diarrhea, rashes, cells. joint pain (allergic reactions) Antibiotics-click to watch! ***Definitions: Synthesis- growth; Permeability- the degree of difficulty or ease something can be penetrated
- 5. What it is… What it treats… ◦ A chemical agent used ◦ Bronchospasm-An to relax muscle spasm increase in tone in the bronchial tubes (spasm) of the smooth muscle of the bronchi ◦ Most common type of leading to the bronchodilator is called narrowing of the airway Sympathomimetic Bronchospasms are primarily caused by allergies, infection, ◦ Common exercise or stress. Sympathomimetic ◦ Asthma-Inflammation drugs include; of the bronchioles albuterol and leading to a narrowing ephedrine of the airway
- 6. How it works… ◦ Stimulates Beta-2 receptors Drug is taken, and it Stimulates Beta- 2 receptors in the lungs, which Activate an enzyme that increases cAMP ( a chemical in the body) And finally cAMP relaxes the bronchial smooth muscle o Bronchodilators are usually administered by oral inhalation- inhaler o Common side effects: nervousness, anxiety, dry mouth, hypertension, tachycardia (increased HR)
- 7. What it is… What it treats… ◦ A chemical agent that ◦ Commonly used to reduces inflammation treat Upper Respiratory and swelling in the Infections (URI) such respiratory tract as: Laryngitis-inflammation ◦ Cortisone is the most of the larynx common type of Rhinitis-inflammation of the nasal mucosa corticosteroid (Flonase –nasal spray) Asthma
- 8. How it works… Common side effects: water ◦ Corticosteroids are said to: retention, delayed wound Reduce the inflammation of the airway, decreasing healing, headache sensitivity. Reduce the release of body chemicals from certain inflammatory cells, such as; prostaglandins. Prostaglandins play a major role in regulating inflammatory states of the body Increase the effect of bronchodilators (corticosteroids and bronchodilators are often coupled medications in inhalers). Corticosteroids are usually Corticosteroid-click to taken orally or by inhalation watch!
- 9. Fermgen, B . F . , & F r u c h t , S . S . ( 2 0 0 9 ) Medical terminology : A living language. New Jersey: Pearson- Prentice Hall . Prentice, W. E. ( 2 0 0 3 ) Arenheim’s principles of athletic training : A Compentency based approach. New York: McGraw-Hill. MacDermott, B.L., & Deglin, J. H. (1994) Understanding Basic Pharmacology: Practical approaches for effective application. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis.