Dr.shivi maini

TECHNICAL SESSION - II
MITIGATION OF GREEN HOUSE GASES AND
PROFITABLE ANIMAL FARMING

Topic of presentation
IMPACT OF USAGE OF AYURVET
HERBAL SPECIALITIES TO MEET
CHALLENGES OF CLIMATIC CHANGE

CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND GW
GLOBAL GHG MITIGATION STRATEGIES
www.themegallery.com
2
3
PROFITABLE ANIMAL FARMING WITH HERBAL
SPECIALITIES & MEETING CHALLENGES OF CLIMATE
CHANGE

(2090-2099 relative to 1980-1999)
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5
Continued emissions would lead to further warming of 1.4oC to 5.8oC over the 21st century
Reference: UNFCCC, 2005
(oC)
Implications of climate change :

Mean sea level is expected to rise by 9-88 cm by 2100, causing floods, shift of climatic
zones & other impacts
Reference : FAO, Livestock long shadow report, (2006)

Expected Impacts on Agriculture
by 2020-2080
 30% by 2050 in Central and South
Asia
 30% by 2080 in Latin America
 50% by 2020 in some African
countries
8
Possible yield reduction in agriculture:
Slide adapted from Dr. R K Pachauri ‘s presentation, State of the World Symposium, Washington, 15th January
2009.

 GW & ITS IMPACT COULD WELL DENY PEOPLE TO
ACCESS THE BASIC NECESSITIES.
 RISK EMANATING FROM GHGS IS NO LONGER A
MATTER OF SPECULATION
CH4
NO2
CO2
OZONE
WATER
VAPOR
S
CFC

Global anthropogenic
GHG emissions (2009)
Sources: IPCC (2007) AR4 WGI & WGIII
Greenhouse Gas Principal Sources (and
Sinks)
GWP*
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Fossil fuel use, land use
change
(oceans, terrestrial
biosphere)
1
Methane (CH4) Fossil fuel
mining/distribution,
livestock, rice agriculture,
landfills
21
Nitrous Oxide (N2O) Agriculture and associated
land use change
310
“F-gases” Hydrofluorocarbons
(HFCs), Perfluorocarbons (PFCs),
Sulphur Hexafluoride (SF6)
Industrial processes 140 -
23,900
*GWP = Global Warming Potential from Second Assessment Report, as used for reporting purposes under the UNFCCC
10

GLOBAL
WARIMNG
AND
CLIMATE
CHANGE
CONTRIBUTION OF LIVESTOCK
CONTRIBUTION OF SWINE
CONTRIBUTION OF POULTRY

Deforest
ation &
desertifi
cation,
35%
Manure,
30%
Artificial
fertiliser
s 3-4%
Enteric
fermenta
tion,
25%
Other
4%
Animal agriculture is
responsible for 18% of
global greenhouse gas
emissions:
Methane (CH4)
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Livestock industry
Emissions:
The single largest source of methane & nitrous oxide
37% of global methane emissions
- 23x more potent than CO2 over 100 years
- 68x more potent than CO2 over 20 years
65% of global nitrous oxide emissions
- 297x more potent than CO2
64% of the world’s ammonia
- contributing to acid rain
- affecting biodiversity
9% of total CO2 emissions
Source:
- “Livestock’s Long Shadow Rome 2006 ” (PDF). Ch. 3, P. 82, 112, 114. Retrieved on 17-01-2009.
http://tinyurl.com/96csxh

GLOBAL METHANE EMISSIONS FROM ENTERIC FERMENTATION
Emissions (million tonnes CH4 per year by source)
Region/country Dairy cattle Other cattle Buffaloes Sheep and
goats
Pigs Total
Sub-Saharan Africa 2.30 7.47 0.00 1.82 0.02 11.61
Asia * 0.84 3.83 2.40 0.88 0.07 8.02
India 1.70 3.94 5.25 0.91 0.01 11.82
China 0.49 5.12 1.25 1.51 0.48 8.85
Central and South
America
3.36 17.09 0.06 0.58 0.08 21.17
West Asia & North
Africa
0.98 1.16 0.24 1.20 0.00 3.58
North America 1.02 3.85 0.00 0.06 0.11 5.05
Western Europe 2.19 2.31 0.01 0.98 0.20 5.70
Oceania and Japan 0.71 1.80 0.00 0.73 0.02 3.26
Eastern Europe and CIS 1.99 2.96 0.02 0.59 0.10 5.66
Other developed 0.11 0.62 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.91
Total 15.69 50.16 9.23 9.44 1.11 85.63
Source: FAO (2007)

100 million tonnes of methane each year
SOURCE: GHG online, Methane, sources, sinks & science

N
O EMISSIONS FROM LIVESTOCK (million tonnes per year)
2
Region/country Dairy cattle Other cattle Buffalo Sheep and
goats
Pigs Poultry Total
Sub-Saharan Africa 0.06 0.21 0.00 0.13 0.01 0.02 0.43
Asia * 0.02 0.14 0.06 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.36
India 0.03 0.15 0.06 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.32
China 0.01 0.14 0.03 0.10 0.19 0.10 0.58
Central and South
0.08 0.41 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.61
America
West Asia and North
Africa
0.02 0.03 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.03 0.17
North America 0.03 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.30
Western Europe 0.06 0.14 0.00 0.07 0.07 0.03 0.36
Oceania and Japan 0.02 0.08 0.00 0.09 0.01 0.01 0.21
Eastern Europe and
CIS
0.08 0.08 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.28
Other developed 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.06
Total 0.41 1.64 0.15 0.68 0.44 0.36 3.69
Source: FAO (2007)

Relative emission of GHG from different meat types
COMMODITY C0% CH4 % N2O %
Pig meat 47 22 53
Chicken 45 2 58
Beef 21 49 31
Sheep meat/
Chevon
19 50 31
Milk 24 49 27
Eggs 46 4 50
Reference: Williams, a.g., Adsley, E., Sandras, D.L. Determining the environmental burdens and resource use in the
production of agriculture and horticulture commodities. Defra Research report, 2007.
The FAO report states that current production levels of meat contribute between 14 and
22 percent of the 36 billion tons of "CO2-equivalent" greenhouse gases the world
produces every year. - Scientific American, Feb, 2009

Meat consumption is expected to double by 2050
 Raising animals for food is a major cause of global
warming and yet the global livestock sector is growing
faster than any other agricultural sub-sector.
 Dairy output is expected to more than double by 2050.
 Animal Protein vs. Plant protein
Source:
-UN FAO, Livestock’s Long Shadow, Rome 2006
-The livestock industry and climate – EU makes bad worse, Jens Holm & Toivo Jokkala,
Parliamentary Group (p. 17-18)
livestock industry
FUTURE OUTLOOK

“Livestock’s contribution to environmental problems is on
a massive scale and its potential contribution to their
solution is equally large. The impact is so significant that it
needs to be addressed with urgency.”
- U.N. Food & Agriculture Organization, 2006

The fastest way to slow global warming and curb
climate change?
Cut down on short-lived greenhouse gases such
as Methane – the single largest source of
which is livestock.

 Methane is one of the 6 GHGs identified under United Nations Framework
Convention on Climatic Change UNFCCC Kyoto Protocol .This GHG has 21
times more GWP than CO
2
 Methane is more than 21 times as effectual as CO2 at entrapping
heat in the atmosphere.
 A shorter chemical half life of 12 yrs as compared to 120 yrs of CO
2
 Even if the entire world switched to a zero carbon economy and lifestyle
tomorrow, it would take 1000’s years for CO2 to dissipate out of the
atmosphere.
 Cutting down on short-lived GHGs will quickly translate into cooling of the
Earth which will give us time to deal with CO2 emissions.
Source:
IPCC 4th Assessment, IPCC Fourth Assessment Report – Synthesis Report 2007 http://www.ipcc.ch/ipccreports/ar4-syr.htm,
chapter 2 http://ipcc-wg1.ucar.edu/wg1/wg1-report.html

RUMEN
80-95%
INTESTINE
5-20 %
Methane
produced/day/
animal:
250-500 lit

ORGANIC MATTER
BACTERIA
PROTOZOA
FUNGI ATP H2
VFA CO2 CH4
CO
2
+ 4H
2
→ CH
4
+ 2H
O
2

US AGENCIES BROUGHT HIGH LEVEL FOCUS ON METHANE
Supporting projects in Argentina,
Brazil, China, Colombia, Ecuador,
India, Korea, Mexico, Mongolia,
Nigeria, Poland, Philippines, Russia,
Thailand, Ukraine and Vietnam.
Provides technical assistance
and capacity building to
ensure long-term project
success of projects BY
Successful engagement of key
developing countries

• Some cattle and sheep naturally
Flatulence Vaccine
produce less methane. Efforts are
underway Another area to of determine study has the been gene the
or
mapping genes involved. of the methane Farmers genome, could which
then
a breed New Zealand for lower research greenhouse organization has
gas
producing accomplished. livestock. With this knowledge As with they
the
will flatulence work toward vaccine, producing ensuring a vaccine that
to
prevent belching and flatulence. Vaccine
new development problems and are refinement not created may take
in
some the effort time.
to genetically manage
existing ones will be key to taking
advantage of this inherited trait.
• Source:http://www.suite101.com/content/managing-methane-
from-livestock-a58094#ixzz1IB2E9vOO
SOURCE:
http://www.suite101.com/content/managing-methane-
from-livestock-a58094#ixzz1IB3XyljY
A RESERCH IN NEWZEALAND
The 45 million sheep and 10 million cattle in
New Zealand burped and farted about 90
percent of that country's methane emissions,
according to government figures.

Argentina has more than 55
million cows, making it a leading
producer of beef. In the study,
the scientists were surprised to
discover that a standard 550-kg
cow produces between 800 to
1,000 liters of emissions,
including methane, each day.
PhysOrg.com) -- In an attempt to understand the extent of cow flatulence on global
warming, scientists in Argentina are strapping plastic bags to the backs of cows to
capture their emissions.

'Burpless' Grass Cuts Methane Gas From Cattle, May Help Reduce Global
Warming
• Scientists in a joint biotech
venture by Australia’s
Molecular Plant Breeding
Cooperative Research Centre
and New Zealand rural
services group PGG Wrightson
Genomics, are developing a
grass that will not only cut the
amount of methane cows
burp up when chewing the
cud but also grow in hotter
climes.
Grass that may help tackle global
warming by cutting the level of
methane given off by cows is in the
works. (Credit: USDA)
Ref: Science Daily, May 8, 2010
• Scientists in a joint biotech
venture by Australia’s
Molecular Plant Breeding
Cooperative Research Centre
and New Zealand rural
services group PGG Wrightson
Genomics, are developing a
grass that will not only cut the
amount of methane cows
burp up when chewing the
cud but also grow in hotter
climes.

Unusual Feed Supplement Could Ease Gassy Cows, Reduce Their Greenhouse Gas
Emissions
• In a series of laboratory
experiments conducted by
Penn State Dairy Scientists,
and in a live animal test, an
oregano-based supplement
not only decreased methane
emissions in dairy cows by 40
percent, but also improved
milk production, according to
Alexander Hristov, an
associate professor of dairy
nutrition.
Cow belches, a major source of greenhouse
gases, could be decreased by an unusual feed
supplement developed by a Penn State dairy
scientist. (Credit: iStockphoto/Fabian Rothe)
Ref: Science Daily, Sept 8, 2010

Fish Oils Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Flatulent Cows
• The benefits to animals of omega 3
fatty acids in fish oils have been
well documented – helping the
heart and circulatory system,
improving meat quality and
reducing methane emissions.
Researchers from University College
Dublin reported that by including
2% fish oil in the diet of cattle, they
achieved a reduction in the amount
of methane released by the
animals. New research shows that fish oils can
improve meat quality and reducing
methane emissions in cows. (Credit:
iStockphoto)
ScienceDaily (Mar. 30, 2009)

45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
VACCINATION
HERD MANAGEMENT
Low Medium High
Mitigation %
DIETARY
SUPPLEMENTS
BREEDING
BMPS
RUMEN MANIPULATION
Immediate Longer Term
Eckard, Grainger & de Klein 2010
Likely Impact

1. Studies on methane mitigation in goats fed roughage based diets by
supplementing polyherbal products, thesis submitted to Durg veterinary college,
Durg, Chattisgarh, 2012.
2. Effects of herbs, spices and essential oils and their combination on rumen
microbial fermentation and methane production in vitro. Chaouki Benchaar, Ph.D.
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Dairy and Swine Research and Development
Centre Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada JIM 0C8, 2013.
3. Efficacy of herbal formulation on digestibility, nutrient utilization & methane
mitigation in sheep” submitted by Dr. Prabhat Kr. Pankaj, ARS, Senior Scientist,
Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture (CRIDA), Indian Council of
Agricultural Research, Santosh Nagar, Hyderabad, A.P. -500 059 (India), 2014.

Thesis Submitted by: Dr. Subhanker Nanda
GUIDE: DR. S.P.TIWARI
PROFESSOR & HEAD,
DEPT. OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
COLLEGE OF VETERINARY & ANIMAL
SCIENMCES,
ANJORA, DURG, CHATTISGARH, PIN: 491001
Thesis

PARTICULARS TREATMENTS
T0 T1 T2 T3
No. of Animal 6 6 6 6
Basal Diet
Concentrate
Roughage
250 g
ad
libitum
250g
ad libitum
250g
ad libitum
250g
ad libitum
Polyherbal
Product
(0-21 days;
30-51 days
60-81 days)
- Ruchamax
(@10gm/day)
AV/DAC/16
(@10gm/day)
Optirum
(@10gm/day)
Reference : Studies on methane mitigation in goats fed roughage based diet & its mitigation by
supplementing polyherbal products . Thesis submitted to Durg Veterinary College, Chattisgarh,
India, 2012.

RUMINAL
ENZYMES
PROTOZOAL
COUNT &
RUMINALMOTILITY
GROWTH PERFORMANCE,
DIGESTIBILITY & METABOLIC
RUMEN FERMENTATION
PATTERN & BIOCHEMICAL
PARAMTERES
STUDIES
DRY MATTER
INTAKE &
METHANE
PRODUCTION
FEED ANALYSIS

in vitro studies
Particulars
Treatments
T0 T1 T2 T3
Syringe (no.) 4 4 4 4
Feed substrate
(basal diet) 0.2g 0.2g 0.2g 0.2g
Anaerobic medium
(SRL)
30ml 30ml 30ml 30ml
Polyherbal product
- Ruchamax
@0.002g/day
Ruchamax
@0.002g/day
Optirum
@0.002g/day
The in vitro gas production test was performed as per Menke and Steingass (1988).
Estimation of methane was carried out in Nucon-5765 gas chromatograph
equipped with a stainless still column packed with Porapak-Q.
Studies on methane mitigation in goats fed roughage based diets by supplementing polyherbal products, thesis submitted to Durg
veterinary college, Durg, Chattisgarh, 2012.

IN VITRO METHANE GAS PRODUCTION (ml/g
DM)
50 55 60 65 70
Optirum
Ruchamax N
Ruchamax
Control
69.29
61.76
67.51
59.64
Methane (ml/g DM)
OPTIRUM: 13.92% reduction in Methane production
RUCHAMAX : 10.86 % reduction in Methane production
RUCHAMAX N: 2.56 % reduction in Methane production

OMD (%)
30.9 32.36 30.37
36.67
40
30
20
10
0
Control Ruchamax Ruchamax N Optirum
In vitro organic matter digestibility is higher in treated group than
control, higher is the digestibility lower is the production of methane
•in vitro gas production test was performed as per Menke and Steingass (1988).

4.1
5.8 5.05 6.05
8
6
4
2
0
Control Ruchamax Ruchamax
N
Optirum
T
V
F
A
DAY 21
4.23 5.72 5.13 6.12
8
6
4
2
0
N
Optirum
DAY 45
4.15
DAY 90 Increase in TVFA concentration in
5.85 5.39 6.08
8
6
4
2
0
N
Optirum
treated groups might be due to
significant increase in fermentation
of carbohydrates and
simultaneously more shifting of
methane energy toward the
production of propionic acid.
46.5%
INCREASE

66
64
62
60
58
61.45 61.69
63.73
65.05
DAY 21st
65 62.9
64
63
62
61
DAY 45th
64.87
63.21 63.43
70
65
60
55
67.9 65.04
62.37
60.58
90
POOR IS THE FIBRE DIGESTION
HIGHER IS THE
CONCENTRATION OF ACETATE
& MORE IS THE METHANE
PRODUCTION
Day45th: ns
Day90th : s
10.78%
DECREASE

PERIOD
(days)
GROUPS
CONTROL RUCHAMAX RUCHAMAX
N
OPTIRUM SIGNIFICANCE
21 15.67±0.49 16.35±0.18 16.63±0.07 16.38±0.08 NS
45 16.17±0.08 a 17.03±0.20 bc 16.53±0.17 ab 17.50±0.3 d **
90 16.53±0.18 a 17.50±0.22 a 17.52±0.39 a 19.31±0.4 b **
Average 16.12±0.19 a 16.96±0.18 b 16.89±0.17 b 17.73±0.34 c **
Better is the nutrient digestion, lower is the methane production and
greater is the shifting the H+ ions for the production of useful energy in the
body in the form of propionic acid.

3.18
Day 90th
2.43 2.11 2.47
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Control Ruchamax Ruchamax N Optirum
There was a significant reduction of protozoal population by 22.3% in T3 and
23.65% in T2 (Ruchamax). The comparative suppression of the protozoal population
might have reduced the methane production in these groups.

HOLOTRICHS (% IN RL)
69
68
67
66
65
64
63
62
61
60
59
N
Optirum
68.61
62.94
66.67
62.28
holotrichs
Holotrichs are higher in the
fibrous and sugar based diet.
In the present study Holotrichs
were higher in control due to
poor fibre digestibility
The reduction in protozoal
numbers in treatments groups
were due to presence of
defaunating principles of the
herbs.
9.22%
DECREASE

• PROTOZOA
• BACTERIA
DEFAUNATION
BIOCHEMICAL
MODULATION • Xylanse
• TVFA, APB
• TOTAL-N
• NH3-N2
• Protease
ENZYMATIC
MODULATION

PARAMETERS NUTRIENT BALANCE (%)
N
OPTIRUM
NITROGEN BALANCE 62.79±1.95 64.38±1.86 63.37±1.05 67.54±1.88
CALCIUM BALANCE 68.5±4.65 69.8±4.85 69.12±4.75 70.1±4.58
PHOSPHORUS
BALANCE
72.4±2.58 76.5±2.15 73.5±1.65 78.5±2.01
 the percent N balance (%) & Phosphorus balance was significantly higher in group
T3 and T1 over control
 the percent Ca balance (%) & Phosphorus balance was significantly higher in group
T3 over control, T1
& T2were non-significantly different

PERIOD
(days)
GROUPS
N
OPTIRUM SIGNIFICANCE
21 79.75±3.31 84.03±1.62 83.03±2.18 86.23±2.55 NS
45 82.28±1.75 86.23±2.55 81.75±2.85 87.62±1.23 NS
90 78.25±2.46 84.20±1.93 83.87±1.47 89.88±0.59 **
Average 80.09±1.45 84.82±1.14 83.88±1.23 87.91±0.97 **
LOWER IS THE DEAMINATION OF DIETARY PROTEINS HIGHER IS THE
AVAILABILITY OF TOTAL-N FOR MICROBIAL PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

PROTEASE
(μg hydrolyzed azocaesin) conc.
ENZYME Control Ruchamax
(@10g/day)
RUCHAMAX
N
(@10g/day)
OPTIRUM(@
10g/day)
HIGHER IS THE PROTEASE ACTIVITY, EFFICIENT IS THE
FERMENTATION OF RUMEN AVAILABLE PROTEIN SUBSTRATE &
GREATER IS THE MICROBIAL PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
significa
nce
Protease
activity (μg
hydrolyzed
azocasein/ml/
min)
0.95±0.11
ab
0.94±0.10 ab 0.72±0.13 a 1.26±0.10 b 0.11

Ayurvet offers
: HERBAL HERBAL RUMEN DIGESTIVE FUNCTION TONIC & MODULATOR
APPETIZER
PRODUCT PRODUCT : RUCHAMAX
: OPTIRUM
A natural
alternative
A natural
for enhancing
alternative for
improving animal
fibre
digestibility &
productivity
by rumen
nutrient
utilization SCIENTIFIC VALIDATIONS RUCHAMAX : 29, OPTIRUM: 7

Pharmacological Activity
Zingiber officinale
Trigonella foenum graecum
Andrographis paniculata
Phyllanthus emblica
m
a
j
o
r
c
o
n
s
t
i
t
u
e
n
t
h
e
r
b
s
Terminalia belerica

 Adaptogenic
 Antioxidant
 Anti-methanogenic
REFERENCES:
• Patra, A.K. / Kamra, D.N. / Agarwal, N. , “Effect of spices on rumen
fermentation, methanogenesis and protozoa counts in in vitro gas production
test”, International Congress Series, 1293, p.176-179, Jul 2006.
• Garcia-Gonzalez, R. / Lopez, S. / Fernandez, M. / Bodas, R. / Gonzalez, J.S. ,
“Screening the activity of plants and spices for decreasing ruminal methane
production in vitro”, Animal Feed Science and Technology, 147 (1), p.36-52,
Nov 2008.

 For Rumen Liquor concentration
 Promoting rumen fermentation
 Antimethanogenic
REFERENCES:
Garcia-Gonzalez, R. / Lopez, S. / Fernandez, M. / Bodas, R. / Gonzalez, J.S. , “Screening the activity of plants and
spices for decreasing ruminal methane production in vitro”, Animal Feed Science and Technology, 147 (1), p.36-
52, Nov 2008
Goel, G. / Makkar, H.P.S. / Becker, K. , “Effects of Sesbania sesban and Carduus pycnocephalus leaves and
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seeds and their extracts on partitioning of nutrients from roughage-and
concentrate-based feeds to methane “, Animal Feed Science and Technology, 147 (1), p.72-89, Nov 2008
Goel, G / Makkar, H P S / Becker, K , “Changes in microbial community structure, methanogenesis and rumen
fermentation in response to saponin-rich fractions from different plant materials”, Journal of applied
microbiology, 105 (3), p.770-777, Sep 2008

Other salient findings :
• In untreated control group methane emission
(l)/kg of DDMI was 66.25 lit.
• In contrast, a significant reduction by 17.35 %
was recorded in Ruchamax supplemented group
with methane emission (l)/kg of DDMI was of
54.75 L.
• In group supplemented with AV/LMP/10, mean
methane emission (l)/kg of DDMI of 58.21L was
recorded which was 12.13% lesser.
• In group supplemented with AV/AGP/10, mean
methane emission (l)/kg of DDMI of 60.73L was
recorded which was 8.33% lesser.
Reference : Efficacy of herbal formulation on digestibility, nutrient utilization & methane mitigation in sheep”
Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture (CRIDA), Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Santosh Nagar,
Hyderabad, A.P. -500 059 (India)

salient findings OF
QUBEC, CANADA TRIAL
• In vitro trial
• Optirum is efficacious in reducing
NH3 conc. In RL thus inhibits
protein degradation.
• Optirum possesses methane
mitigating propertiesand lowers
NH3 production from livestock

5.2
5
4.8
4.6
4.4
4.2
4
3.8
Effect of Ruchamax supplementation
control Ruchamax 5.1
4.78
4.66 4.64 4.66
4.36
0 15 30
Days
Milk yield
There is 17 %
increase in milk
yield on day 30th ,
whereas milk
yield remains
constant in control
group
for 7 days on milk yield (Kg/day)
EFFECT OF HERBAL DIGESTIVE TONIC ON MILK PRODUCTION OF BUFFALOES Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 18(3): 278-281, 2001

Effect of Ruchamax supplementation
for 7 days on milk yield (Kg/day)
 10 lactating cows in their 1st-6th lactation were
divided into 2 groups of 5 animals each.
 T1 – Control
 T2 – Ruchamax @ 30 g per day orally
for 15 consecutive days in a
month for 3 months
Bhatt et al., 2009 . Effect of Feeding Herbal Preparations on Milk Yield and Rumen
Parameters in Lactating Crossbred Cows. International Journal of Agriculture and
Biology, 721-726

PARAMETERS STUDIED
 Milk Yield and milk composition
 pH of the Rumen liquor
 Total Bacterial count in rumen liquor
 Total Protozoal count in rumen liquor.
 Total volatile fatty acids.

MILK YIELD (KG/DAY)
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
16.13
CONTROL RUCHAMAX
Milk yield (Kg/day)
There is
52 % increase in
milk yield in
RUCHAMAX
treated group
at the end of 3
months
10.64

ECONOMICS OF MILK PRODUCTION
ON RUCHAMAX FEEDING/DAY
Parameter control Ruchamax
Milk yield (L/day) 10.64 16.13
Cost of milk (Rs/L) (@Rs. 35/kg) Rs. 372.40 564.55
Feed consumed (Kg/day) 12.77 16.75
Cost of feed @ Rs 25/Kg 319.25 418.75
Roughage consumption (Kg/day) 8.25 11.17
Cost of roughage @ Rs 5/Kg) Rs. 41.25 56.35
Labour cost (Rs/day) 5 5
Cost of product administration
(Rs/day)
CBR =4.17: 1
-- 15
Income (Rs) 6.90 69.45
Net Profit over control (Rs) -- 62.55

RUCHAMAX IMPROVES RUCHAM FAIXBREस Dे IफGाEइSबTIरO Nपाचन में सुधार
• बेहतर फाइबर
पाचनशक्तत से
पोषक तत्वों का
अधधकतम
उपयोग होता है!
EFFICIENT IS THE FIBRE
DIGESTIBILITY BETTER IS
THE NUTRIENT
UTILIZATION

Better is the digestibility बेहतर पाचनशक्तत, अ moधrधe isक mi lkद prधूod ucउtioत्nपादन
फ़ीड additives क़ी पूरकता पाचनशक्तत को बेहतर बनाता है

सुरक्षित वातावरण !!!

Strategies for Poultry & Pigs
 Nitrogen management
Herbal Amino acids
Herbal feed additives
 Phosphorus
management
Available P
Phytate-P

RECENT TRENDS IN CHANGING
FEEDING STRATEGY
This advented of
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROBLEMS due to excessive use
of synthetic protein/amino acid
sources in feed leading to pollution
of nitrogen (N) from polutry
droppings.
EARLIER CONCEPT :
dietary adjustments aiming
to maximizing production
performance without special
concern for nutrient
oversupply, especially protein
and amino acids.
NEW PERCEPTION :
management of protein feeding in poultry and pigs necessitates
nowadays a close adjustment of protein/amino acid supply to the
requirements so as to obtain the lowest level N output by emphasizing
more upon scientific research to search options for synthetic replacers.

NITROGEN RETENTION
Parameters Control
T0
T1
Superliv conc. Premix
@ 500 /tonne of feed
Nitrogen intake/bird/day/gm 5.18 5.29
Nitrogen excreted/bird/day/gm 2.21 1.86
Nitrogen retained/bird/day/gm 2.97 3.43
NITROGEN (%) retained 57.18a 64.75b
7.57% INCREASE IN NITROGEN RETENTION IN TREATMENT AS COMPARED TO CONTROL
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF HERBAL GROWTH PROMOTERS ON BROILER CHICKS. M.vsCTHESIS
SUBMITTED TO PGIVAS, Akola, Maharashta, 2000.

Bhasker et al., Indian J. Poult. Sci. 38(2):110-114, 2002

CRUDE PROTEIN & METABOLIZABLE ENERGY RETENTION IN
AFLATOXICATED BIRDS ADMINISTERED WITH TOXIROAK & LIVFIT VET
GROUPS DI D2 D3
Crude protein retention (%) 77.24a 79.64b 80.10b
Metabolizable energy
retention (%)
83.10a 82.02a 82.72a
Protein
retention
decreases
in
aflatoxicos
•PROTEIN RETENTION is 2.4% higher in aflatoxicated birds administered Toxiroak & LivFit
Vet@750g/ton of feed
•PROTEIN RETENTION is 2.86% higher in aflatoxicated birds administered Toxiroak &
LivFit Vet@500g/ton of feed
•No adverse effect of aflatoxicosis on metabolizable energy retention could be detected
in D2 & D3 Birds administered with herbal toxin binder & herbal liver tonic formula

EFFECT OF DIETARY ADDITION OF HERBAL GROWTH PROMOTERS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF
BROILERS M.VSc thesis submitted to GBPUAT Pantnagar
SUPERLIV CONC PREMIX@ 500gm/tonne of feed
1.49%
increase
in CP
Retention
7.92%
increase in
Metabolizable
Energy
Retention
8.13%
increase in
Retention of
Ether Extract
MVSc thesis submitted to GBPUAT Pantnagar)

Scientific Validations
Publications
Trial Reports
Thesis
30
13
10

Non-antibiotic
Growth Promoter Natural & Safe
Zero
Harmful-Chemical
Residues

Manufactured through
superior technology
Active herbal
constituents helps in
proper utilization of
feed nutrients &
increases the
digestibility of feed
which ultimately helps
in body weight gain
Egg production and carcass
yield of bird increases which
ultimately boost the economic
importance of the Superliv
Helps in protein retention, Metabolic energy utilization ,
Calcium & phosphorus utilization

Dietary Protein adjustments with amino acid
supplementation
Cicer
Methiorep
Balanced
Natural Solution for synthetic Replacement
in
Synergy
Phaseolus
Triticum
Methiorep
Phaseolus
Many More
Mucuna
Allium
Triticum

Efficient fat & protein metabolism, lower N excretion
Proximate Analysis (Fillet) Control Treated
Moisture % 70 66
Protein % 55 60
Fat% 7.46 6.28
Herbal Phytoaddtive Methiorep improves quality of meat and
optimized protein and fat content of microwave cooked meat.
Reference: Waskar, et al., 2010. Effect of
Phytoadditive Methiorep on Carcass and Cooked
Meat Quality Attributes in Chicken. Internet
Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2010, Volume 8
No.1

Methionine Supplementation Options in Poultry. V.H.
Kalbande, K. Ravikanth, S. Maini and D.S. Rekhe
International Journal of Poultry Science 8 (6): 588-591, 2009.
Effect of phytoadditive Methiorep on carcass and
cooked meat qualities of chicken Internet Journal of
Veterinary Medicine, 2010, Vol.8 No.1.

OTHER HERBAL AMINO ACID SUPPLEMENTS
 REPCHOL
 AV/CAP/18
 AV/NLP/18

ENHANCING PHOSPHORUS UTILIZATION IN
POULTRY & PIGS

Mean Serum Calcium, Phosphorus and Total Proteins in broilers (3rd &
10
8
6
4
2
0
5th weeks) after Treatment
19.5 %
3rd week 5th week 3rd week 5th week 3rd week 5th week
higher
A B C
7.68
8.67
8.2
9.3
7.96
8.99
3.97 4.1 4.23
4.9
4.12
4.63
6.63
7.18 7.15
7.94
6.94
7.72
mg/dl
Treatment Groups
Serum Calcium Serum Phosphorus Total Protein
serum phos
phorus level
in Ayucal D
supplement
ed gorup
Serum calcium phosphorus and total proteins utilization was improved in Ayucal liquid treated
group B as compared to untreated control group A and Ayucal –D treated group C.
REFERENCE TRIAL REPORT “EVALUATION OF AYUCAL LIQUID AND AYUCAL-D IN IMPROVING GROWTH, PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS QUALITY IN BROILERS””
SUBMITTED BY DR. N.V. JADHAV, DEPT OF POULTRY SCI., BIDAR, KARNATAKA, 2009.

Nutrition and the Environment
• Phosphorus excretion can be reduced by use of phytase
enzymes and more closely adhering to minimum phosphorus
needs. About 80-85% of US broiler diets use phytase
Ayufytase 5000
is combination of phytase
and synergistic herbs
which effectively breaks
phytate bonds to release phytate
phosphorus.
Further the herbs present in Ayufytase
5000 will help in effective absorption &
utilization of the released phosphorus.

REDUCING LITTER MOISTURE
Weaning diarrhoea in pigs
Loose droppings in poultry
DIAROAK is a scientific blend of herbal extracts that maintains and restores the Gastro Intestinal ( GI ) function. The ingredients of DIAROAK contains mucopolysacchrides that
prevents the loss of water and nutrients , Increases the transit time of ingesta in gut. Adsorb & inactivate enterotoxins. Captures bacteria irreversibly

Use of Pesticides lead to destruction of ecosystems

HERBAL ECTOPARASITICIDAL & FLY REPELLANT
“KEETGUARD LIQUID”
INDICATIONS:
Prevention & treatment of parasitic
infestation by mange, mites, ticks,
fleas, lice in livestock & poultry.
Repelling mosquitoes, insects, fleas &
flies commonly encountered in animal
premises.

NONTOXIC
NO RESIDUAL EFFECTS
ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY
SAFE TO LIVESTOCK
SAFE FOR HUMAN BEINGS

SAFE SCIENTIFIC & SUSTAINABLE APPROACH
• Pro-active principle that scientifically
integrates :
Sustainabilitysustainability
• Environmental Health
• Economic Profitability
• Social & Economic equity
Source: Center for Sustainable Systems School of Natural Resources and Environment University of
Michigan, http://css.snre.umich.edu

Ayurvet’s commitment is for the
enhancement of health index…
…through eco-friendly herbal formulation for
safe animal produce

OPENING A NEW PATH FOR :
SUSTAINABLE ANIMAL PRODUCTION & ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION
Food security & GHG mitigation
Thank You !
Questions Appreciated
For any queries please
contact at Email:
shivi@ayurvet.in
clinical@ayurvet.in
…….THANK YOU
This is an Ayurvet R&D presentation

Dr.shivi maini

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