Update on Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV): What is it and how will it affect me? - Dr. Lisa Becton, National Pork Board, and Dr. Tom Burkgren, AASV, from the 2013 World Pork Expo, June 5 - 7, 2013, Des Moines, IA, USA. More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2013-world-pork-expo

1. Update on PEDV
Lisa Becton, DVM, MS
National Pork Board

2. Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV)
• Overview of the disease
• Current US status
• Actions to manage PEDV
• American Association of Swine Veterinarians
review
• Q/A

3. PEDV – Initial focus
• Coordinated effort by all key stakeholders to
understand where PEDV was/is occurring and
how to best manage it:
– United States Department of Agriculture (multiple
divisions)
– National Pork Board
– National Pork Producers Council
– American Association of Swine Veterinarians

4. PEDV – what is it?
• PEDV is a diarrheal disease of pigs that has
recently been found in the United States and is
similar to the TGE virus (Transmissible
Gastroenteritis virus)
• PEDV was confirmed in the US on May 16th
, 2013
by diagnostic tests at the USDA National
Veterinary Services Laboratory (NVSL) in Ames, IA

5. PEDV – What it is…
• PEDV currently exists in many different parts of
the world
• Considered to be a production disease
• Can be managed/controlled/eliminated with
targeted biosecurity efforts

6. PEDV – What it is NOT…
• Not zoonotic
• Not a food safety concern
• Not a listed disease of the OIE
• Not on the National Animal Health Reporting
System (NAHRS) Reportable Disease List
• Not considered a Foreign Animal Disease in the
United States
• No interstate trade restrictions pertaining to
PEDV

7. PEDV – What are the symptoms?
• PEDV symptoms can vary from TGE but are
generally similar:
– Symptoms on farm can range from mild to rapid and
explosive spread
– Diarrhea and vomiting in pigs of all ages
• Most severe in baby pigs
– Mortality ~ 100% for pigs < 7 days of age
– Mortality ~ 90% in pigs 8-21 days of age
• Sows and older growing swine can show various
degrees of illness, but generally more mild than baby
pigs

8. PEDV – How is it diagnosed?
• Laboratory confirmation is the only way to
diagnose and differentiate PEDV from TGE
– Many different labs working together to have needed
diagnostic tests available: Iowa State, University of
Minnesota, Kansas State, South Dakota State, NVSL
• Current diarrheal cases have detected TGE, so it
is very important to work with your veterinarian
for an accurate diagnosis!

9. PEDV – What is the current status?
• Positive samples have been identified in multiple
states
• PEDV has been identified in both sow farms as
well as growing pig sites
• Are there concerns about other potential sources
of PEDV?

10. PEDV – status of sampling
• Confirmation of the disease has been from
samples taken from sick pigs
• After the initial diagnosis of PEDV, concerns arose
that feed or ingredients might be a potential
source of PEDV
– USDA has worked closely with the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) to sample feedstuffs
– No positive samples have been identified to date
– However, testing is ongoing

11. PEDV – What’s next?
2013 Supplemental Funding PED research
•Speed and effectiveness
•Transparent and objective
•Targeted projects with short timeframes
•Flexibility with oversight of Swine Health Committee
leadership
11

12. Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea - PED
2013 Supplemental Funding request: $410,000
•PEDV Needs
– Support current “entry” survey
– Support next “epidemiology” survey
– Carrier, immunity, transmission, challenge
– Diagnostic tools and validation
– Viral propagation and survival
12

13. PEDV – What’s next?
• Work with the Swine Health Committee, AASV,
NPPC and other key stakeholders to initiate the
research process for PEDV
• Goal is to rapidly respond and provide needed
information regarding PEDV for management of
this virus

14. PEDv Investigation 2013

15. Survey Instrument
Primary infection
First site/herd – confirmed positive PEDv
Any stage of production
Risk factors – common to all or many
confirmed positive cases
Characterize the clinical presentation
Also survey negative herd – case control for
comparison

16. Information Gathering
Herd information
# & type on site
Nearby farms
Biosecurity
Entries onto site
Trucks/trailers
Security breaches

17. Information Gathering - continued
Inputs
Semen
Vaccines
Feed
Feed supplements/base mix/premix
Protein

18. Characterize the clinical presentations
on the farm
Clinical signs
Date of onset
Morbidity
Mortality
Samples to veterinary diagnostic laboratory
Recovery

19. Data Analysis
National Center for Foreign Animal &
Zoonotic Disease Defense (FAZD)
US Department of Agriculture – Center for
Epidemiology And Animal Health (CEAH)
National Pork Board
National Pork Producers Council
American Association of Swine Veterinarians

20. Next Steps
Lateral transmission
Containment & elimination?
Hypotheses generation
Further research

21. This message funded by America’s Pork Checkoff Program.
Questions?