The document discusses computer software, including system software and application software. It defines system software as programs that control computer operations and support the use of application software. Specific types of system software discussed include operating systems, device drivers, utilities, and programming languages. Operating systems manage computer resources and provide a user interface. Device drivers allow hardware devices to communicate with the operating system. Utilities are programs that help with system maintenance tasks. Application software performs specific tasks for users like word processing, spreadsheets, databases, and graphics. The document also covers best practices for computer care and safety.
Integrative Programming Technology Chapter 5 - Dr. J. VijiPriyaVijiPriya Jeyamani
Chapter 5 in Integrative Programming Technology
Integrative Coding: Design Patterns; Interfaces; Inheritance
Miscellaneous Issues: Adopt and Adapt vs. make; Versioning and version control
Integrative Programming Technology Chapter 5 - Dr. J. VijiPriyaVijiPriya Jeyamani
Chapter 5 in Integrative Programming Technology
Integrative Coding: Design Patterns; Interfaces; Inheritance
Miscellaneous Issues: Adopt and Adapt vs. make; Versioning and version control
Developing virtual environments of computer hardware using hierarchical embed...ijma
Various fields have been taking opportunities to fu
lly utilize the strengths of Virtual Reality (VR) i
n
developing robust and sophisticated applications. C
omputer hardware is one of the important topics
formally and informally learned by students in all
programs in universities and even in schools. Knowl
edge
of computers become mandatory to learn since the st
udents get involved in daily utilizing the computer
s for
finishing assignments, social networking, downloadi
ng notes, answering test or quiz online and other
learning and teaching activities involving the comp
uters. Since the computer hardware consists of many
devices, understanding and recognizing the devices
are essential especially for the students who forma
lly
register or take this course. Furthermore, this reg
istered course usually has its assessments such as
examination, quiz and assignment to be evaluated. D
ue to the lacks and problems in recognizing the
devices, they can lead to the misunderstanding and
mistakes in the usages of the computers. In this pa
per,
the development of virtual environments for the com
puter hardware using HEVO method has been
proposed and discussed in detail to allow teachers
creating and managing the 3D computer hardware and
to enable students viewing, interacting and navigat
ing in the VEs. Levels of students’ knowledge and s
kill
for this topic as well as the usability study of th
e created VEs are also analysed and evaluated.
Human Computer Interaction Chapter 4 Implementation Support and Evaluation Te...VijiPriya Jeyamani
Implementation Support:
Introduction
Elements of windowing systems
Programming the application
User interface management systems
4.2 Evaluation Techniques
What is evaluation?
Goals of evaluation
Choosing an evaluation method
Human Computer Interaction Chapter 5 Universal Design and User Support - Dr....VijiPriya Jeyamani
Universal Design:
Introduction
Universal design principles
Multi-modal interaction
Designing for diversity
User Support:
Introduction
Requirements of user support
Approaches to user support
Adaptive help systems
Designing user support systems
Comparison between the Energy Policies of Sweden and GermanHeather Troutman
Germany and Sweden are both members of the European Union (EU). Several policy measures of both countries are based on EU directives. The directive 2009/28/EC affects the renewable energy
development in both countries. This paper examines the different means of implementing this directive in the two countries and the effect the policy measures have had on residential electricity prices.
Developing virtual environments of computer hardware using hierarchical embed...ijma
Various fields have been taking opportunities to fu
lly utilize the strengths of Virtual Reality (VR) i
n
developing robust and sophisticated applications. C
omputer hardware is one of the important topics
formally and informally learned by students in all
programs in universities and even in schools. Knowl
edge
of computers become mandatory to learn since the st
udents get involved in daily utilizing the computer
s for
finishing assignments, social networking, downloadi
ng notes, answering test or quiz online and other
learning and teaching activities involving the comp
uters. Since the computer hardware consists of many
devices, understanding and recognizing the devices
are essential especially for the students who forma
lly
register or take this course. Furthermore, this reg
istered course usually has its assessments such as
examination, quiz and assignment to be evaluated. D
ue to the lacks and problems in recognizing the
devices, they can lead to the misunderstanding and
mistakes in the usages of the computers. In this pa
per,
the development of virtual environments for the com
puter hardware using HEVO method has been
proposed and discussed in detail to allow teachers
creating and managing the 3D computer hardware and
to enable students viewing, interacting and navigat
ing in the VEs. Levels of students’ knowledge and s
kill
for this topic as well as the usability study of th
e created VEs are also analysed and evaluated.
Human Computer Interaction Chapter 4 Implementation Support and Evaluation Te...VijiPriya Jeyamani
Implementation Support:
Introduction
Elements of windowing systems
Programming the application
User interface management systems
4.2 Evaluation Techniques
What is evaluation?
Goals of evaluation
Choosing an evaluation method
Human Computer Interaction Chapter 5 Universal Design and User Support - Dr....VijiPriya Jeyamani
Universal Design:
Introduction
Universal design principles
Multi-modal interaction
Designing for diversity
User Support:
Introduction
Requirements of user support
Approaches to user support
Adaptive help systems
Designing user support systems
Comparison between the Energy Policies of Sweden and GermanHeather Troutman
Germany and Sweden are both members of the European Union (EU). Several policy measures of both countries are based on EU directives. The directive 2009/28/EC affects the renewable energy
development in both countries. This paper examines the different means of implementing this directive in the two countries and the effect the policy measures have had on residential electricity prices.
Taxation for Domestic Resource Mobilization (DRM in KenyaSally A.
Kenya is heavily dependent on donor aid. As a middle income country there is concern of decrease in foreign aid and thus need for Domestic Resource Mobilization (DRM). My target audience are the citizens of Kenya as well policy makers and the donor community.
DRM is a reliable and sustainable source of development finance. Raising more revenue from internal sources helps countries devote needed resources to reduce poverty and hunger, bridge infrastructure gaps and provide public services. DRM fosters the social contract between people and government, facilitates a virtuous cycle of transparency, accountability, efficiency and strengthens democratic engagement and institutions.
Computer hardware is useless without software.
Software is the set of instructions and associated data that direct the computer to do a task.
Software can be divided into two categories:
System software and application software.
System software helps the computer to carry out its basic operating tasks.
Application software helps the user carry out a variety of tasks.
Slide Pengantar Teknologi Informasi - Software
Objectives:
Students are able to explain software and hardware function.
Distinguish between operating systems and applications software
List the various methods by which individuals and businesses acquire software
List and briefly describe various types of task-oriented software
Identify the kinds of software available for both large and small businesses
Discuss ethical issues associated with software
Computer software or simply software is a program that enables a computer to perform a specific task as oppose to the physical components of the system (i.e. hardware).
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Dr. J. VijiPriya Information and Communication Technology Chapter 5,6
1. Information and CommunicationInformation and Communication
TechnologyTechnology
Chapter 5- Computer Software
Chapter 6- Computer Care and Safety
9/12/2015
Dr. J. VijiPriya, Assistant Professor,
Hawassa University, Ethiopia 1
2. Information and CommunicationInformation and Communication
TechnologyTechnology
Chapter 5- Computer Software
9/12/2015
Dr. J. VijiPriya, Assistant Professor,
Hawassa University, Ethiopia 2
3. Introduction to ComputerIntroduction to Computer
SoftwareSoftware
Computer
◦ can not think or perform on its own,
◦ But it performs various operations only in accordance with the
user instructions.
Instructions
◦ written in a language ( called program) , understood by a
computer
◦ controls the sequence of operations
Program
◦ Set of instructions, controls the processing activity of
computers
Software
◦ Set of programs, procedures and associated documents
Set of Instructions->Programs-> Computer Software
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Hawassa University, Ethiopia 3
4. Relationship between SoftwareRelationship between Software
and Hardwareand Hardware
Hardware (visible devices) assembled together to build a computer
system
Software loaded (set of programs) into a computer system
Both software and hardware gives life to a computer system
Both are complementary to each other
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Hawassa University, Ethiopia 4
5. Software CategoriesSoftware Categories
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Dr. J. VijiPriya, Assistant Professor,
Hawassa University, Ethiopia 5
Computer software
System
software
Application Software
System
management
System
development
High level
programming
language
Utilities
Device
driver
Low level
programming
language
Operating
system
6. Software Categories Con…Software Categories Con…
Two major categories
1. Application software.
2. System software
Types
I. System Management
Operating System
Device Driver
Utilities
I. System development
Assembly Language
High Level Language
Low Level Language
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7. System SoftwareSystem Software
◦ essential for computer to function.
◦ helps the computer manage its own tasks and devices.
◦ designed to control the operations and processing capabilities of a
computer system
◦ provides user interface
◦ monitors the effective use of various hardware resources such as CPU,
memory, peripherals etc.
◦ support the development and execution of other application software
◦ permits the user to use the system more conveniently.
◦ Example :
i. Operating System
ii. Device Driver
iii. Utilities
iv. System development programs
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Hawassa University, Ethiopia 7
8. Operating SystemOperating System
Operating System (OS)
◦ set of programs control the resources of a computer system
◦ provides its users with an interface
◦ basic functions of OS
i. Process Management
ii. Memory Management
iii. File Management
iv. Device Management
v. Security Management
vi. User Interface
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Dr. J. VijiPriya, Assistant Professor,
Hawassa University, Ethiopia 8
9. Operating System Con…Operating System Con…
Basic functions of OS
Process Management:
handles the creation, deletion, suspension, resumption, scheduling and
synchronization of processes.
Memory Management:
handles allocation and de-allocation of memory space as required by various
programs.
File Management:
responsible for creation and deletion of files and directories. organizes, stores,
retrieves, names and protects all the files.
Device Management:
manages all the devices of the computer system such as monitor, printer,
disk etc.
Security Management:
protects system resources and information against destruction and
unauthorized use
User Interface:
provides the interface between the user and the hardware.
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Dr. J. VijiPriya, Assistant Professor,
Hawassa University, Ethiopia 9
10. Device DriversDevice Drivers
New device driver must be installed before the device can be used in the computer
Most hardware drivers such as keyboard driver, comes with the operating system in
the modern computer
For other devices like printer, a user must load the device driver of that particular
device
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Hawassa University, Ethiopia 10
11. System UtilitiesSystem Utilities
Set of programs that help users in system maintenance tasks and
in performing tasks of routine nature.
Example
◦ Formatting hard disks or floppy disks.
◦ Reorganizing files on hard disk to conserve
storage space.
◦ Taking back up of files stored on hard disk
◦ Checking the amount of available memory
and storage space on hard disk.
◦ Scanning the system for computer viruses.
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Dr. J. VijiPriya, Assistant Professor,
Hawassa University, Ethiopia 11
12. System Development ProgramsSystem Development Programs
allow programmers to write and construct programs that the operating system can
execute
Examples
◦ Computer programming languages
◦ Language translators
◦ Linkers
◦ Loaders
Computer Programming language
series of commands /instructions are used in development of software
divided into three categories namely,
i. Machine language
ii. Assembly language
iii. High level language
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Dr. J. VijiPriya, Assistant Professor,
Hawassa University, Ethiopia 12
13. System Development ProgramsSystem Development Programs
Con…Con…
Language Translator
Machine Language
◦ Computers only understand this language consisting of only 0s and 1s
High level programming languages
◦ natural languages like English
Language translator
◦ converting programming language to machine language.
◦ three types of Language translator
i. Assembler
ii. Compiler
iii. Interpreter
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Dr. J. VijiPriya, Assistant Professor,
Hawassa University, Ethiopia 13
14. System Development ProgramsSystem Development Programs
con…con…
Three types of Language translator
i. Assemblers
◦ translate assembly language programs into machine code executed on the target
computer.
i. Compilers
◦ reads the source program (high level language programs) statement by
statement, translates it into an equivalent machine code
◦ produces the object program file, then executed without the presence of the
compiler
i. Interpreters
◦ reads one statement of the source program, translates it and executes it
immediately. then goes to the next statement
◦ doesn’t produce an executable object program file.
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Dr. J. VijiPriya, Assistant Professor,
Hawassa University, Ethiopia 14
15. System Development Programs con…System Development Programs con…
Linker
links several object modules and libraries to form a single, coherent program
(executable)
Loader
loading and relocation of the executable program in the main memory
assigning storage allocation, assist a program, and execute it properly
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Hawassa University, Ethiopia 15
16. Application SoftwareApplication Software
accomplish specific tasks rather than managing a computer system
a single program
Eg:- Microsoft’s Notepad
a collection of programs called a software package,
Eg:- Spreadsheet package.
a larger collection of programs ( a software suite), related but independent
programs, which have a common user interface
Eg:-Microsoft Office Suite.
are controlled by system software
application layer executes on the system software layer, which lies on the
hardware layer.
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Dr. J. VijiPriya, Assistant Professor,
Hawassa University, Ethiopia 16
18. Application Software Con…Application Software Con…
Word Processor
computerized typewriter, permits the electronic creation, editing formatting, filing
and printing of text, then correct them
a common application of microcomputers
draft and revise memos, letters, reports, and other documents with a word
processing program more frequently
increases both the speed and quality of writing
express ideas more clearly
Eg:- MS Word, WordPerfect etc.
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Hawassa University, Ethiopia 18
19. Application Software Con…Application Software Con…
Spreadsheet
electronic worksheet displayed on the VDU.
Used for accounting, financial analysis, and other mathematical calculations
quickly create a model of a situation byy entering labels, numbers, and formulas
Details are entered into the computer and recorded in predesigned rows and
columns to form a grid of cells for performing specific computations
such as net present value, internal rates of return, and monthly payments on a loan
save a spreadsheet model and use it again whenever you need it
Eg:- Microsoft Excel, Lotus 1-2-3 etc.
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Dr. J. VijiPriya, Assistant Professor,
Hawassa University, Ethiopia 19
20. Application Software Con…Application Software Con…
Database Management System
◦ Used to create a database, maintain it( add, delete and update its records),
◦ organize its data in desired fashion and to selectively retrieve useful information
from it.
◦ Used for both large and small organizations to maintain employee data,
customer data, asset data, accounting data etc.
◦ Eg:- dBase III Plus, FoxPro, MS Access, Oracle etc.
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Hawassa University, Ethiopia 20
21. Application Software Con…Application Software Con…
Computer Graphic Software
◦ technique of creating, editing, displaying, and printing graphs, diagrams, charts,
and images in the computer
◦ a picture is worth a thousand words applies to computer graphics
◦ convey information that could be difficult or even impossible to put into words.
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22. Information and CommunicationInformation and Communication
TechnologyTechnology
Chapter 6- Computer Care and Safety
9/12/2015
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Hawassa University, Ethiopia 22
23. Computer Care and SafetyComputer Care and Safety
1. Keeping your system free of dust, dirt and liquids
2. use system's user guide to find information on how to clean
your outer components
◦ Never spray your monitor screen (or any other computer component) with
glass cleaner
◦ Computer components should be kept as dust-free as possible.
◦ Use Canned air or small computer-specific vacuum cleaners
◦ The mouse does not perform correctly, check your user guide for cleaning
directions.
◦ Never try to remove the cover on your computer to clean inside. Instead,
take it to a technician
◦ Keep all liquids and food items away from your computer, because cause
damage delicate electronic circuits and serious electrical shock!
◦ Wash your hands before using the computer to avoid "sticky keys."
◦ When in doubt about how to clean your computer system, consult your user
manual or technical support
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Hawassa University, Ethiopia 23
24. Computer Care and SafetyComputer Care and Safety
3. Never use your computer during a storm.
4. Protect your computer from viruses and worms.
◦ Install, use and regularly update virus software
◦ Never open an email attachment unless you know and trust the person who
sent it.
◦ Do not accept downloads from Internet sites that you don't know and trust.
3. Avoid installing several programs one right after the other; try
installing one program, see how your system responds to the
installation before loading the next program
4. Keep CDs away from dust, liquids, or other damaging or
corrosive substances.
◦ If problems with CDs, buy a CD cleaner and read the instructions carefully
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