The document, authored by Najeeb Safi, provides an overview of software, distinguishing between system software and application software. System software, including operating systems, manages computer resources and acts as an interface between hardware and users, while application software is designed for end-users to perform specific tasks. Key features and characteristics of both software types are also discussed, highlighting their use in managing resources and providing user-friendly interfaces.

1. Software, Operating System
& Application Software
BY
NAJEEB SAFI
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NAJEEB SAFI

2. NAJEEB SAFI
Software
 Software is the collection of instruction to solve a specific problem.
 Software is a program which is written for solving a problem.
 Two types of software.
1. System Software
2. Application Software
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3. NAJEEB SAFI
1. System Software
 The system software is the collection of programs designed to
operate, control, and extend the processing capabilities of the
computer system itself.
 System software is generally prepared by the computer manufactures.
 These software products comprise of program written in low level
languages, which interact with the hardware at a very basic level.
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4. NAJEEB SAFI
Operating System
 Operating System is a common example of system software.
 Operating System is a program with the following features:
 OS is a program that acts as an interface between the software and the
computer hardware.
 It is an integrated set of specialized programs used to manage overall
resources and operation of the computer.
 It is specialized software that controls and monitor the execution of all other
programs that reside in the computer, including application program and other
system software.
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5. NAJEEB SAFI
Operating System
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6. NAJEEB SAFI
Objective Of Operating System.
•The objectives of operating system are:
 To make the computer system convenient to use in an efficient manner.
To hide the details of the hardware resources from the users.
To provide users a convenient interface to use the computer system.
To act as an intermediary between the hardware and its users, making it
easier for the users to access and use other resources.
To manage the resources of a computer system.
To keep track of who is using which resource, granting resource
requests, and mediating conflicting requests from different programs and
users.
To provide efficient and fair sharing of resources among users and
programs.
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7. NAJEEB SAFI
Characteristics of OS
• Here is list of some of the most prominent characteristics of OS:
 Memory Management: keep track of the primary memory, i.e. what part of it
is in use by whom, what part is not in use, etc. and allocates the memory
when a process of program request to it.
 Processor Management: Allocates the processor (CPU) to a process and
deallocates the processor when it is no longer required.
 Device Management: keep track of all the devices. This is also called I/O
controller that decides which process gets the device, when, and for how
much time.
 File Management: Allocates and de-allocates the resources and decides who
gets the resources.
 Security: Prevents unauthorized access to programs and data by means of
passwords and other similar techniques.
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8. NAJEEB SAFI
Characteristics of OS
 Job Accounting: keeps track of time and resources used by various
jobs and/or users.
 Control Over System Performance: Records delays between the
request for a service and from the system.
 Interaction With Operators: Interaction may take place via the
console of the computer in the form of instructions. The operating
system acknowledge the same, does the corresponding action, and
informs the operation by a display screen.
 Error Detecting Aids: Production of dumps, traces, error messages,
and other debugging and error-detecting methods.
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9. NAJEEB SAFI
Characteristics of OS
 Coordination between other software and users: coordination and
assignment of compilers, interpreters, assemblers, and other
software to various users of the computer system.
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10. NAJEEB SAFI
2. Application Software
 Application software is a program or group of program designed for
end users.
 All software application prepare in the computer lab can come under
the category of application software.
 Application software may consist of single program, such as
Microsoft’s notepad for writing and editing simple text.
 It may also consist of a collection of programs, often called software
package, which work together to accomplish a task, such as
spreadsheet package.
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11. NAJEEB SAFI
Examples of Application Software
 Payroll Software
 Student Record Software
 Inventory Management System
 Income Tax Software
 Railway Reservation Software
 Microsoft Office Suite Software
 Microsoft Word
 Microsoft Excel
Microsoft PowerPoint
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12. NAJEEB SAFI
Features Of Application Software
 Close to the users
 Easy to design
 More Interactive
 Slow in speed
 Generally written in high level language
 Easy to understand
 Easy to manipulate and use
 Bigger in size and requires large storage space.
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13. NAJEEB SAFI
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NAJEEB SAFI
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THANK YOU