Manure Gasses: Hydrogen Sulfide and Your Safety - Dr. Dan Andersen, Iowa State University, from the 2016 Iowa Pork Congress, January 27-28, Des Moines, IA, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-iowa-pork-congress
Final presentation at Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd.pawanmehta16
The document discusses proposed modifications to reduce the gap between tobacco cakes and CFCs and reduce bulging of cakes during the re-drying process. The key points are:
1) Currently there is a 22.1mm gap along the length and 20.4mm gap along the breadth between cakes and CFCs, and cakes bulge by 51mm on average.
2) Proposed modifications include increasing the size of the charger box to reduce gaps to around 6mm and 4mm, and using a hydraulic press after cake formation to reduce bulging.
3) Other recommendations involve adding guiding mechanisms for CFC alignment, modifying the feeding drum for uniform feeding, decreasing charger
For more: http://www.extension.org/67764 South Carolina is home to an estimated 18,000 horse owners, many of which own or house less than ten horses on their property. Owners of such small facilities regularly obtain assistance from the Clemson Extension service concerning soil fertility, forage options, and in some cases nutrient testing, but there is very little information available concerning efficient utilization of the manure produced from their facility. In many cases the manure and bedding removed from stalls is viewed as something to be disposed of rather than a possible nutrient source than can be utilized with proper management. This presentation provides an overview of horse manure production and nutrient content for the small horse facility owner, and addresses the best management techniques to utilize produced manure, including the benefits of composting the manure before utilization.
- Maize was first cultivated in Portugal between 1515-1525 and initiated an agricultural revolution in the Minho region by transforming the landscape with new terraces and irrigation systems. This increased maize production and allowed the local population to grow.
- Nowadays, the traditional practice of manuring fields with livestock waste is being abandoned, decreasing soil organic matter and increasing erosion. As a result, water retention, biodiversity, and fire resistance of the landscape are at risk.
- The document examines composting the solid fraction of dairy cattle slurry as an alternative to traditional manuring methods. Several experiments tested different pile sizes, moisture contents, bulking materials, and aeration. Tall piles with materials like straw
Desulfovibrio are sulfate-reducing bacteria that use sulfate as an electron acceptor during anaerobic respiration. They are curved rod-shaped, gram-negative bacteria found in organic-rich anoxic environments. Desulfovibrio reduce sulfate to hydrogen sulfide during metabolism, which can be used to precipitate heavy metals and aid in bioremediation of wastewater.
The document discusses the LIFE BEEF CARBON project which aims to reduce the carbon footprint of beef production in Europe by 15% over 10 years. It presents results from 2000 demonstrative beef farms in 4 countries which showed variability in greenhouse gas emissions depending on production system. Mitigation potential was identified on 170 innovative farms, with techniques including methane capture, improved animal performance, optimized nutrition and manure management, reduced fertilizer use, and increased carbon sequestration. Reductions of 7-18% in the carbon footprint were estimated depending on the technique and production system.
Application of ultrasound and ozone in Cassava Starch Industries Krishnakumar T
Ultrasound and ozone techniques can be applied in starch industries to improve extraction yield and quality. The study optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction of cassava starch and found extraction temperature of 41°C, ultrasonic power of 287.43 W, extraction time of 27.48 min and solid-liquid ratio of 1:19.9 g/ml maximized starch yield at 76.64%. Ozone is a natural antimicrobial and bleaching agent that can safely whiten cassava starch without chemicals.
The documents outline various policies and procedures for Hindustan Coca-Cola Beverages related to quality, safety, the environment, and production processes. The company is committed to producing the highest quality beverages while ensuring safety, minimizing environmental impact, and achieving operational excellence. Key aspects of production include preform processing, blow molding, carbonation, filling procedures, and preventative maintenance.
Final presentation at Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd.pawanmehta16
The document discusses proposed modifications to reduce the gap between tobacco cakes and CFCs and reduce bulging of cakes during the re-drying process. The key points are:
1) Currently there is a 22.1mm gap along the length and 20.4mm gap along the breadth between cakes and CFCs, and cakes bulge by 51mm on average.
2) Proposed modifications include increasing the size of the charger box to reduce gaps to around 6mm and 4mm, and using a hydraulic press after cake formation to reduce bulging.
3) Other recommendations involve adding guiding mechanisms for CFC alignment, modifying the feeding drum for uniform feeding, decreasing charger
For more: http://www.extension.org/67764 South Carolina is home to an estimated 18,000 horse owners, many of which own or house less than ten horses on their property. Owners of such small facilities regularly obtain assistance from the Clemson Extension service concerning soil fertility, forage options, and in some cases nutrient testing, but there is very little information available concerning efficient utilization of the manure produced from their facility. In many cases the manure and bedding removed from stalls is viewed as something to be disposed of rather than a possible nutrient source than can be utilized with proper management. This presentation provides an overview of horse manure production and nutrient content for the small horse facility owner, and addresses the best management techniques to utilize produced manure, including the benefits of composting the manure before utilization.
- Maize was first cultivated in Portugal between 1515-1525 and initiated an agricultural revolution in the Minho region by transforming the landscape with new terraces and irrigation systems. This increased maize production and allowed the local population to grow.
- Nowadays, the traditional practice of manuring fields with livestock waste is being abandoned, decreasing soil organic matter and increasing erosion. As a result, water retention, biodiversity, and fire resistance of the landscape are at risk.
- The document examines composting the solid fraction of dairy cattle slurry as an alternative to traditional manuring methods. Several experiments tested different pile sizes, moisture contents, bulking materials, and aeration. Tall piles with materials like straw
Desulfovibrio are sulfate-reducing bacteria that use sulfate as an electron acceptor during anaerobic respiration. They are curved rod-shaped, gram-negative bacteria found in organic-rich anoxic environments. Desulfovibrio reduce sulfate to hydrogen sulfide during metabolism, which can be used to precipitate heavy metals and aid in bioremediation of wastewater.
The document discusses the LIFE BEEF CARBON project which aims to reduce the carbon footprint of beef production in Europe by 15% over 10 years. It presents results from 2000 demonstrative beef farms in 4 countries which showed variability in greenhouse gas emissions depending on production system. Mitigation potential was identified on 170 innovative farms, with techniques including methane capture, improved animal performance, optimized nutrition and manure management, reduced fertilizer use, and increased carbon sequestration. Reductions of 7-18% in the carbon footprint were estimated depending on the technique and production system.
Application of ultrasound and ozone in Cassava Starch Industries Krishnakumar T
Ultrasound and ozone techniques can be applied in starch industries to improve extraction yield and quality. The study optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction of cassava starch and found extraction temperature of 41°C, ultrasonic power of 287.43 W, extraction time of 27.48 min and solid-liquid ratio of 1:19.9 g/ml maximized starch yield at 76.64%. Ozone is a natural antimicrobial and bleaching agent that can safely whiten cassava starch without chemicals.
The documents outline various policies and procedures for Hindustan Coca-Cola Beverages related to quality, safety, the environment, and production processes. The company is committed to producing the highest quality beverages while ensuring safety, minimizing environmental impact, and achieving operational excellence. Key aspects of production include preform processing, blow molding, carbonation, filling procedures, and preventative maintenance.
Dr. Elke Prohaska & Regina Römling BioInnovation Leader Summit TosohGBX Summits
Improving Process Efficiency in Biomanufacturing
Dr. Elke Prohaska & Regina Römling BioInnovation Leader Summit
Bench And See the Improvements at BioInnovation 2015
Ultrasound and Ozone processing techniques in cassava starch and Sago industr...Krishnakumar T
Ultrasound and ozone techniques show potential for improving cassava starch extraction processes. The study investigated using ultrasound-assisted extraction and ozone treatment to extract starch from cassava tubers. Optimal extraction conditions were determined using response surface methodology. Ultrasound-assisted extraction achieved 8-11% higher starch yields than conventional wet extraction. Ozone is a powerful disinfectant and oxidizer that could potentially replace chemicals used for bleaching and whitening cassava starch.
A deeper understanding of the complex expansion mechanism, which leads to the pore structure, is crucial to control expansion product properties. Expansion is caused by flash vaporization of water, due to the high pressure drop at the die exit, and subsequent formation and growth of vapor bubbles (Kokini et al. 1992).
Bananas are harvested according to the desired purpose and this brings the maturity period
into play.
2. Bananas for food are harvested between 17 to 21 weeks because they are fully grown in
this range while those for juice will be harvested from 21 weeks and above as they ripen on
wards (Muranga, 2009).
3. Bananas for extrusion purposes are harvested between 9 to 15 weeks because in this
maturity range, the quantity and quality of starch is highest. (Muranga, 2009).
4. Depending on the conditions the East African Highland Banana is exposed to, like
temperature, humidity, physical damage of the skin among others, the ripening process
commences. This is an irreversible process that involves several chemical and physical
changes on the plant. Of interest to this study is the physical change of the starch levels
along the maturity curve. (Muranga, 2009).
Active Char Products Pvt. Ltd is one of the largest manufacturers of activated carbon from coconut shells in India. They have over 18 years of experience producing high-quality activated carbon. They are located in Kerala, a region known for coconut production, which allows them to leverage local resources and technology to produce world-class activated carbon. They offer a variety of activated carbon products that are widely used across sectors such as water treatment, air purification, chemical processing, and more. Their activated carbons undergo stringent quality testing to meet various international standards.
This document discusses gasification of biomass. It provides information on various types of biomass gasifiers such as updraft, downdraft, fluidized bed and their capacity ranges. The key zones and chemical reactions in the gasification process are described. Factors affecting the gasification rate and properties of the produced gas like composition and heating value are covered. Methods for cleaning the gas and challenges in gasifying some biomass sources are summarized. Gasifier efficiency metrics of cold gas and hot gas efficiencies are also defined.
Therminol 66 Synthetic Heat Transfer Fluid. Cotizado en Bolivares en Venezuela.
Therminol Venezuela.
Therminol 66 is the world’s most popular high temperature, liquid phase heat transfer fluid. Suitable for operation up to 650° F (345° C), Therminol 66 is pumpable to 27° F (-3° C) and delivers exceptional performance.
This slides shows vocational training which i've done at ammonia-4 plant at GSFC LTD.
There are some tasks that given by our university that we have done here.
1. Process Overview: Pyrolysis is a thermal degradation process that takes place in the absence of oxygen. The absence of oxygen prevents combustion and allows the organic material to break down without being fully burned.
2. Temperature: Pyrolysis typically occurs at elevated temperatures, often ranging from 300 to 900 degrees Celsius, depending on the specific feedstock and desired products.
3. Feedstock: Pyrolysis can be applied to a wide range of organic materials, including biomass (wood, crop residues), plastics, rubber, and organic waste (such as municipal solid waste).
4. **Products**:
- **Gases**: Pyrolysis produces gases like hydrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide, which can be used as fuel or chemical feedstocks.
- **Liquids**: Liquid products, often called bio-oil when derived from biomass, can be used as a source of biofuels or for chemical synthesis.
- **Char**: The solid residue left behind is known as char. Depending on the feedstock, this char can have various applications, such as as a soil conditioner or for carbon sequestration.
5. **Applications**:
- **Biofuels**: Pyrolysis of biomass can yield biofuels like bio-oil or biochar, which can be used as alternatives to fossil fuels.
- **Waste Management**: Pyrolysis can be used to treat organic waste and reduce its volume while recovering energy or valuable products.
- **Plastic Recycling**: Plastic pyrolysis is used to convert plastic waste into valuable chemicals or fuel.
6. **Types of Pyrolysis**:
- **Fast Pyrolysis**: This process involves very high heating rates and produces a higher proportion of liquid products.
- **Slow Pyrolysis**: Slow pyrolysis takes place at lower temperatures and longer residence times, resulting in a higher proportion of solid char.
- **Intermediate Pyrolysis**: As the name suggests, it falls between fast and slow pyrolysis in terms of temperature and product distribution.
7. **Challenges**: The efficiency and selectivity of pyrolysis can vary depending on the feedstock and process conditions. Controlling the reaction parameters is crucial to obtaining the desired products.
In summary, pyrolysis is a versatile and important process for converting organic materials into valuable products, including biofuels, chemicals, and char, while also addressing waste management and environmental concerns. It plays a significant role in sustainable energy and resource management.
Michelle Morrison presented on a study comparing a novel tubular anaerobic digestion technology called OBR to a conventional STR design. The study co-digested dairy slurry and glycerol. The OBR was able to successfully digest this mixture and achieved a 28% higher methane yield than the STR under optimal conditions. Continuous agitation improved yields in both systems up to a point, while decreasing retention time had a negative effect. The OBR was more stable but required more energy for temperature control and pumping than the STR. Overall, the OBR performed well and has potential for small-scale anaerobic digestion applications.
The basic objective of pretreatment processing is removal of added or natural impurities present in textile fibres to improve the absorbency.
BY: ROHIT SINGH
27 september 2010- 3 NL Agency- Certification of sustainable biomass- Kees KwantDaey Ouwens Fund
This document discusses sustainability certification of biomass. It outlines the growing public concern over the sustainability of biomass production which has led to the development of certification standards. Key criteria for sustainable biomass production standards include greenhouse gas balances, avoiding competition with food production, protecting biodiversity, and ensuring environmental protection and prosperity. The EU Renewable Energy Directive lays out sustainability criteria for biofuels, including minimum thresholds for greenhouse gas savings. Certification systems involve accreditation bodies, control and verification of production according to set standards and principles. Implementation in the Netherlands and Germany involves national certification schemes that must meet or exceed EU requirements. Africa will need to ensure biomass supplies to Europe are certified as sustainable under these standards.
The document provides an overview of an industrial attachment at Robintex (Bangladesh) Ltd, a composite knitwear company. It summarizes Robintex's operations including its production capacity and products, dyeing and finishing processes, quality control procedures, utilities and effluent treatment plant. Key details include Robintex's 7,500 employees, 8640 ton annual dyeing production capacity, 22 dyeing machines, quality testing for physical and chemical properties, and an on-site chemical effluent treatment plant.
This document summarizes key principles of drying milk through various processes. It discusses drum drying, spray drying, and fluid bed drying. Drum drying applies milk to a heated rotating drum, where it dries into a sheet and is scraped off. However, it causes more heat damage than spray drying due to longer residence time. Spray drying atomizes milk into fine droplets that are dried very rapidly in a hot air stream, minimizing heat damage. Proper atomization and mixing of air and droplets are essential for efficient drying. The document provides details on parameters, equipment and designs used in different drying methods.
Feed industry deconstruction of ligno-celluloseGigi1970
Three methods for pretreating lignocellulosic biomass are discussed:
1) AFEX treatment uses ammonia under pressure and heat to release sugars
2) Steam explosion heats biomass with steam then rapidly depressurizes
3) 2CCT treatment uses an alkali then oxidant to break bonds and remove residuals
Pretreated biomass showed improved in vitro digestibility and higher animal intake and weight gain compared to untreated biomass in feeding trials.
Veolia provides on-site processing of refinery wastes for injection into delayed cokers. This improves environmental performance by recycling wastes and reduces costs by avoiding disposal fees. Wastes such as sludges are centrifuged to remove oil and water, with the remaining cake processed two ways. Cake can be blended into an aqueous slurry and injected into coker quench lines, or dried and blended into a higher solids feed-side slurry for coker injection. Feed-side injection improves economics by reducing waste volume and allows greater solids loading than quench injection. Case studies demonstrate cost savings of $1-2 million annually for refineries through on-site waste recycling via coker injection
This document summarizes the history and operations of Morrisons, a UK supermarket chain. Some key points:
- Morrisons was founded in 1899 and now has over 500 stores and 125,000 employees, making it the UK's fourth largest food retailer.
- It has 22 manufacturing sites across the UK where it processes and manufactures all of its own brand products from raw materials sourced within the UK.
- The document then focuses on the Deeside manufacturing site, outlining the 8-step meat processing line and roles of maintenance engineers in proactive and reactive maintenance.
- It describes an apprentice project by the author to reduce waste generated from a conveyor elevator by installing a hopper
UTILIZATION OF WASTE MATERIAL AS FEEDSTOCK AND CATALYST.pptxNurAzy1
The document discusses a study on utilizing waste materials as feedstock and catalyst for biodiesel production. Dairy waste is used as a feedstock and chicken bone waste is used as a catalyst. The methodology involves extracting oil from dairy waste, synthesizing CaO catalyst from chicken bone, and performing transesterification using microwave irradiation to produce biodiesel. Key steps are oil extraction from dairy waste, acid esterification to reduce free fatty acids, CaO catalyst synthesis from chicken bone, and a transesterification process to produce biodiesel from the dairy waste oil feedstock using the CaO catalyst. The produced biodiesel will then be analyzed and characterized.
Jordan Hoewischer - OACI Farmer Certification ProgramJohn Blue
OACI Farmer Certification Program - Jordan Hoewischer, Ohio Farm Bureau, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Fred Yoder - No-till and Climate Change: Fact, Fiction, and IgnoranceJohn Blue
No-till and Climate Change: Fact, Fiction, and Ignorance - Fred Yoder, Former President, National Corn Growers Association, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
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Ultrasound and Ozone processing techniques in cassava starch and Sago industr...Krishnakumar T
Ultrasound and ozone techniques show potential for improving cassava starch extraction processes. The study investigated using ultrasound-assisted extraction and ozone treatment to extract starch from cassava tubers. Optimal extraction conditions were determined using response surface methodology. Ultrasound-assisted extraction achieved 8-11% higher starch yields than conventional wet extraction. Ozone is a powerful disinfectant and oxidizer that could potentially replace chemicals used for bleaching and whitening cassava starch.
A deeper understanding of the complex expansion mechanism, which leads to the pore structure, is crucial to control expansion product properties. Expansion is caused by flash vaporization of water, due to the high pressure drop at the die exit, and subsequent formation and growth of vapor bubbles (Kokini et al. 1992).
Bananas are harvested according to the desired purpose and this brings the maturity period
into play.
2. Bananas for food are harvested between 17 to 21 weeks because they are fully grown in
this range while those for juice will be harvested from 21 weeks and above as they ripen on
wards (Muranga, 2009).
3. Bananas for extrusion purposes are harvested between 9 to 15 weeks because in this
maturity range, the quantity and quality of starch is highest. (Muranga, 2009).
4. Depending on the conditions the East African Highland Banana is exposed to, like
temperature, humidity, physical damage of the skin among others, the ripening process
commences. This is an irreversible process that involves several chemical and physical
changes on the plant. Of interest to this study is the physical change of the starch levels
along the maturity curve. (Muranga, 2009).
Active Char Products Pvt. Ltd is one of the largest manufacturers of activated carbon from coconut shells in India. They have over 18 years of experience producing high-quality activated carbon. They are located in Kerala, a region known for coconut production, which allows them to leverage local resources and technology to produce world-class activated carbon. They offer a variety of activated carbon products that are widely used across sectors such as water treatment, air purification, chemical processing, and more. Their activated carbons undergo stringent quality testing to meet various international standards.
This document discusses gasification of biomass. It provides information on various types of biomass gasifiers such as updraft, downdraft, fluidized bed and their capacity ranges. The key zones and chemical reactions in the gasification process are described. Factors affecting the gasification rate and properties of the produced gas like composition and heating value are covered. Methods for cleaning the gas and challenges in gasifying some biomass sources are summarized. Gasifier efficiency metrics of cold gas and hot gas efficiencies are also defined.
Therminol 66 Synthetic Heat Transfer Fluid. Cotizado en Bolivares en Venezuela.
Therminol Venezuela.
Therminol 66 is the world’s most popular high temperature, liquid phase heat transfer fluid. Suitable for operation up to 650° F (345° C), Therminol 66 is pumpable to 27° F (-3° C) and delivers exceptional performance.
This slides shows vocational training which i've done at ammonia-4 plant at GSFC LTD.
There are some tasks that given by our university that we have done here.
1. Process Overview: Pyrolysis is a thermal degradation process that takes place in the absence of oxygen. The absence of oxygen prevents combustion and allows the organic material to break down without being fully burned.
2. Temperature: Pyrolysis typically occurs at elevated temperatures, often ranging from 300 to 900 degrees Celsius, depending on the specific feedstock and desired products.
3. Feedstock: Pyrolysis can be applied to a wide range of organic materials, including biomass (wood, crop residues), plastics, rubber, and organic waste (such as municipal solid waste).
4. **Products**:
- **Gases**: Pyrolysis produces gases like hydrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide, which can be used as fuel or chemical feedstocks.
- **Liquids**: Liquid products, often called bio-oil when derived from biomass, can be used as a source of biofuels or for chemical synthesis.
- **Char**: The solid residue left behind is known as char. Depending on the feedstock, this char can have various applications, such as as a soil conditioner or for carbon sequestration.
5. **Applications**:
- **Biofuels**: Pyrolysis of biomass can yield biofuels like bio-oil or biochar, which can be used as alternatives to fossil fuels.
- **Waste Management**: Pyrolysis can be used to treat organic waste and reduce its volume while recovering energy or valuable products.
- **Plastic Recycling**: Plastic pyrolysis is used to convert plastic waste into valuable chemicals or fuel.
6. **Types of Pyrolysis**:
- **Fast Pyrolysis**: This process involves very high heating rates and produces a higher proportion of liquid products.
- **Slow Pyrolysis**: Slow pyrolysis takes place at lower temperatures and longer residence times, resulting in a higher proportion of solid char.
- **Intermediate Pyrolysis**: As the name suggests, it falls between fast and slow pyrolysis in terms of temperature and product distribution.
7. **Challenges**: The efficiency and selectivity of pyrolysis can vary depending on the feedstock and process conditions. Controlling the reaction parameters is crucial to obtaining the desired products.
In summary, pyrolysis is a versatile and important process for converting organic materials into valuable products, including biofuels, chemicals, and char, while also addressing waste management and environmental concerns. It plays a significant role in sustainable energy and resource management.
Michelle Morrison presented on a study comparing a novel tubular anaerobic digestion technology called OBR to a conventional STR design. The study co-digested dairy slurry and glycerol. The OBR was able to successfully digest this mixture and achieved a 28% higher methane yield than the STR under optimal conditions. Continuous agitation improved yields in both systems up to a point, while decreasing retention time had a negative effect. The OBR was more stable but required more energy for temperature control and pumping than the STR. Overall, the OBR performed well and has potential for small-scale anaerobic digestion applications.
The basic objective of pretreatment processing is removal of added or natural impurities present in textile fibres to improve the absorbency.
BY: ROHIT SINGH
27 september 2010- 3 NL Agency- Certification of sustainable biomass- Kees KwantDaey Ouwens Fund
This document discusses sustainability certification of biomass. It outlines the growing public concern over the sustainability of biomass production which has led to the development of certification standards. Key criteria for sustainable biomass production standards include greenhouse gas balances, avoiding competition with food production, protecting biodiversity, and ensuring environmental protection and prosperity. The EU Renewable Energy Directive lays out sustainability criteria for biofuels, including minimum thresholds for greenhouse gas savings. Certification systems involve accreditation bodies, control and verification of production according to set standards and principles. Implementation in the Netherlands and Germany involves national certification schemes that must meet or exceed EU requirements. Africa will need to ensure biomass supplies to Europe are certified as sustainable under these standards.
The document provides an overview of an industrial attachment at Robintex (Bangladesh) Ltd, a composite knitwear company. It summarizes Robintex's operations including its production capacity and products, dyeing and finishing processes, quality control procedures, utilities and effluent treatment plant. Key details include Robintex's 7,500 employees, 8640 ton annual dyeing production capacity, 22 dyeing machines, quality testing for physical and chemical properties, and an on-site chemical effluent treatment plant.
This document summarizes key principles of drying milk through various processes. It discusses drum drying, spray drying, and fluid bed drying. Drum drying applies milk to a heated rotating drum, where it dries into a sheet and is scraped off. However, it causes more heat damage than spray drying due to longer residence time. Spray drying atomizes milk into fine droplets that are dried very rapidly in a hot air stream, minimizing heat damage. Proper atomization and mixing of air and droplets are essential for efficient drying. The document provides details on parameters, equipment and designs used in different drying methods.
Feed industry deconstruction of ligno-celluloseGigi1970
Three methods for pretreating lignocellulosic biomass are discussed:
1) AFEX treatment uses ammonia under pressure and heat to release sugars
2) Steam explosion heats biomass with steam then rapidly depressurizes
3) 2CCT treatment uses an alkali then oxidant to break bonds and remove residuals
Pretreated biomass showed improved in vitro digestibility and higher animal intake and weight gain compared to untreated biomass in feeding trials.
Veolia provides on-site processing of refinery wastes for injection into delayed cokers. This improves environmental performance by recycling wastes and reduces costs by avoiding disposal fees. Wastes such as sludges are centrifuged to remove oil and water, with the remaining cake processed two ways. Cake can be blended into an aqueous slurry and injected into coker quench lines, or dried and blended into a higher solids feed-side slurry for coker injection. Feed-side injection improves economics by reducing waste volume and allows greater solids loading than quench injection. Case studies demonstrate cost savings of $1-2 million annually for refineries through on-site waste recycling via coker injection
This document summarizes the history and operations of Morrisons, a UK supermarket chain. Some key points:
- Morrisons was founded in 1899 and now has over 500 stores and 125,000 employees, making it the UK's fourth largest food retailer.
- It has 22 manufacturing sites across the UK where it processes and manufactures all of its own brand products from raw materials sourced within the UK.
- The document then focuses on the Deeside manufacturing site, outlining the 8-step meat processing line and roles of maintenance engineers in proactive and reactive maintenance.
- It describes an apprentice project by the author to reduce waste generated from a conveyor elevator by installing a hopper
UTILIZATION OF WASTE MATERIAL AS FEEDSTOCK AND CATALYST.pptxNurAzy1
The document discusses a study on utilizing waste materials as feedstock and catalyst for biodiesel production. Dairy waste is used as a feedstock and chicken bone waste is used as a catalyst. The methodology involves extracting oil from dairy waste, synthesizing CaO catalyst from chicken bone, and performing transesterification using microwave irradiation to produce biodiesel. Key steps are oil extraction from dairy waste, acid esterification to reduce free fatty acids, CaO catalyst synthesis from chicken bone, and a transesterification process to produce biodiesel from the dairy waste oil feedstock using the CaO catalyst. The produced biodiesel will then be analyzed and characterized.
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Christine Brown - Canadian Livestock Producers Efforts to Improve Water QualityJohn Blue
Canadian Livestock Producers Efforts to Improve Water Quality - Christine Brown, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Lee Briese - Details Matter (includes details about soil, equipment, cove...John Blue
Details Matter (includes details about soil, equipment, cover crops...) - Dr. Lee Briese, North Dakota, 2017 International Crop Adviser of the Year, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
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geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
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Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
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solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
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Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
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IEEE Slovenia GRSS
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IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
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Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
2. • Sulfur concentration
– 10 years ago about 3 lb/1000 gallons
– Currently about 10 lbs/ 1000 gallons
• Increase risk of high H2S
• High farm-to-farm variation
Manure
8. • GasAlertMax XT II (Honeywell)
• BW Honeywell GasAlert Clip Extreme
GA24XT-H
• BW Honeywell GasAlert Micro Clip XL 4-Gas
Monitor
• Draeger Pac 3500 H2S Monitor
• RAE Systems ToxiRAE II
Monitoring
9. • Verify all fans are working prior to pumping
• Check that air inlets open
• Place a tarp over pump-out to help protect
applicator
• Communicate with farmer and crew
• Listen for pig distress
Pumping Ventilation Tips
11. • High concentrations of H2S can result from
manure agitation and pumping
• Never enter a facility while agitation is
occurring
• Be aware and alert, dangerous condition can
develop quickly
Summary
12. Photo courtesy of Dr. Larry Jacobson, UMN
Foam Creeping Through Slats (4 ft of foam case)
Progress on Pit Foaming
Foam Into Animal Occupied Zone
Photo courtesy of Dave Preisler, MPB;
Dr. Larry Jacobson, UMN
13. Theory
• Biogas
Generation of methane, CO2 and
hydrogen sulfide.
• Surfactants
Materials that significantly
change the surface tension.
• Stabilizer
Increases the stability of foam
bubbles, like small fibers and
other hydrophobic particles.
17. Methane Production Rates
• Methane production rate was higher in foaming barn than non-foaming barns.
• Why?
18. What would cause this difference?
• Quantity of carbon inputs?
• TS, VS, VFA
• Source of carbon?
• BMP, VFA
• Differences in microbes?
• Degraders, methanogens, sulfate reducers
• Microbial community structure
• Response to different carbon substrates?
• Differences in pathways/response to substrate?
21. So which microbes are these?
• Differences in relative abundance of dominant taxa are associated with
foaming
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
non.foaming
foaming
24. What stabilizes foam?
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A B C D
VolatileSolids(%)
Sample Depth
Foaming Non-FoamingA
C
D
B
B
A A
• What did we notice about samples that stabilized
• Solids rich, but finer looking solids, not big chunks
• Liquid drained more slowly from the foam
• Sort of set up, with solids in bubble matrix
• Good foams grey/brown (protein), bad foams were white/clear (fats/oils)
25. Foam is really stable
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
A B C D
FoamHalf-Life(Minutes)
Sample Depth
Foaming
Non-Foaming
A
B B B BB
26. The foam stays wet - viscous
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Foam Foaming Manure Non-Foaming
Manure
Viscosity(cP) As Is
Centrifuged
Filtered
A
B
B
a
b b
1
2 2
Its not just the solids, something else is giving us viscosity in the foam.
-sugar, oil, lipopolysaccharides, proteins? Microbial goo
28. Does diet influence these particles?
0.00
0.04
0.08
0.12
0.16
0.20
0.0 0.3 2.0 16.0 128.0 1,024.0
FractionofParticlesin
SizeClass
Particle Size (μm)
C-SBM-C C-DDGS-C
C-SH-C C-SBM-F
C-DDGS-F C-SH-F
Feed Particle Size
(μm)
Manure Particle Size
(μm)
Coarse Grind 631 238
Fine Grind 374 138
Greater percent of particles were fine silt particles from inoculated manure (p < 0.05), courser grind (p = 0.1254),
and fiber source (p < 0.05)
(soybean meal > DDGS > soy hulls)
29. If you add these particles will make foam?
Yes…. But they have to interact with proteins
Add moving particles from foaming manure to non-
foaming manure will make it foam.
32. So remove proteins, stop foam?
• Removal of protein strongly reduces foaming capability and stability
Sample Original High temperature
Denature (80oC)
Low temperature
incubate (35oC)
Proteinase digestion
(35oC + enzyme)
Foaming
capability
(ml)
Lasting
time
(min)
Foaming
capability
(ml)
Lasting
time
(min)
Foaming
capability
(ml)
Lasting
time
(min)
Foaming
capability
(ml)
Lasting
time
(min)
1A 450 20 75 0.5 450 25 50 0.5
1B 75 1 60 0.5 30 0.5 35 0.5
2A 450 5 125 1 450 15 30 0.5
2B 25 0 20 0 20 0 20 0
33. What’s holding the proteins together?
Total Carbohydrates
mgg-1
manure
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5 Foam
Foam Manure C
Non-Foam Manure C
Total Hemicellulose
gg-1
manure
0
200
400
600
800
1000
Foam
Foam Manure C
Non-Foam Manure C0.977
0.798
0.783
34. So what do we know now?
• High fiber feed ingredients have reduced nutrient digestibility increasing
levels of C reaching the pit.
• Efficiencies in both the processing of these new C inputs and
fermentation of fatty acid material have resulted in increased levels of
methane production.
• Higher levels of methane production have resulted in separation (i.e.,
translocation) and concentration of biological material into a foam layer.
• The foam layer itself showed unique characteristics:
• Solids Enriched with Fine Particles (Proteins)
• Enhanced Foam Stability
• Higher Total Carbohydrates
• Liquid is viscous
35. Precautionary Measures
Any attempt to break-up foam WILL release
explosive levels of methane. Therefore….
1. All ignition sources OFF (i.e. pilot lights, welding),
2. Set ventilation at 30 cfm/space minimum,
- Use open curtains if ≥ 5 mph wind, OR,
- Use fans* + ceiling inlets if calm
3. Make sure ceiling inlets operational,
4. Vacate barn, then finally,
5. Foam/pit can be disturbed.
* In a 1000-hd barn, equates to 2-48” or 3-36” or 6-24” fans
36. Ventilation Strategies
(1000-hd Finisher)
6-24” fans or 3-36” fans or 2-48” fans
+ operational ceiling inlet system +
curtains closed
OR
Curtains Open with Wind of ≥ 5 mph
But NOT
Curtains Open, Calm Conditions
Reliance on Fans
37. Ventilation Dilution Time
1,000-hd finisher
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
MethaneConcentration(ppm)
Ventilation Time (min)
V=30,000 cfm V=60,000 cfm V=90,000 cfm
2 min at 90,000 cfm
3 min at 60,000 cfm
6 min at 30,000 cfm
Trapped methane in foam measured at 70% or more
LELCH4=5.1% (51,000 ppm)