This document provides guidelines for the basic medical surveillance of cardiac disease for people with Down syndrome. It recommends screening all newborns with Down syndrome for congenital heart defects through clinical examination and echocardiogram. It emphasizes the importance of early detection of heart defects like atrioventricular septal defects to allow for corrective surgery before irreversible damage occurs. It also notes the need for ongoing monitoring throughout life due to risks of later developing heart conditions.

2. DOWN SYNDROME

9. DOWN SYNDROME

24. Screening for: alpha feto protein; estriol, human chorionic gonadotropin; PAPPA; inhibin-alpha Uses ultrasound to measure Nuchal Translucency in addition to the freeBeta hCG and PAPPA (pregnancy-associate plasma protein A, Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) 176385 ). * NIH has confirmed that this first trimester test is more accurate than second trimester screening methods 5% 91% 10–13.5 Nuchal translucency/free beta/PAPPA screen This test measures the alpha feto protein , produced by the fetus, and free beta hCG , produced by the placenta. 2.8% 80% 13–22 AFP/free beta screen This test measures the maternal serum alpha feto protein (a fetal liver protein), estriol (a pregnancy hormone), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG, a pregnancy hormone), and high inhibin -Alpha (INHA) 7.5% 79% 15–20 Quad screen This test measures the maternal serum alpha feto protein (a fetal liver protein), estriol (a pregnancy hormone), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG, a pregnancy hormone). 8.5% 75% 15–20 Triple screen Description False positive rate Detection rate When performed (weeks gestation) Screen Common first and second trimester Down syndrome screens

27. BASIC MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE ESSENTIALS FOR PEOPLE WITH DOWN'S SYNDROME. CARDIAC DISEASE. CONGENITAL AND ACQUIRED (One of a set of guidelines drawn up by the Down’s Syndrome Medical Interest Group)

50. What are some of the most common heart defects and how are they treated?

70. Other Medical Problems Associated with Down Syndrome

97. Thank You ! Dr. Ronald Sanchez - Magbitang

98. Panglao Island, Bohol