This document presents a simple method for determining the angle of a doctor blade on any roll using two templates. Template A is placed with one corner touching the roll and doctor blade, while Template B is placed with one corner also touching the roll and doctor blade. The overlap angle between the templates indicates the doctor blade angle. For smaller rolls, there is a minor error that can be corrected using a scaling on Template B or a calculated error angle formula based on template length and roll diameter. Measuring the angle using this method provides a starting point, and the supplier's guidelines should be checked to ensure the correct doctor blade angle.
The document discusses anilox rollers, which are used in flexographic printing to transfer ink onto printing plates in a controlled manner. Anilox rollers have engraved cells that hold a specified volume of ink. Key points include:
- Anilox rollers come in various cell structures and are specified based on factors like line screen, cell angle, and cell volume. Higher line screens and smaller volumes are used for process printing while lower line screens and larger volumes are used for solids.
- Proper selection and maintenance of anilox rollers is important to ensure consistent ink transfer and print quality. Wear reduces cell volumes over time. Rollers must be cleaned regularly and replaced when worn.
New Era Converting Machinery - Gravure Coating Webinarjrd22
The document discusses gravure coating, an industry-versatile coating method. It outlines the webinar on gravure coating, including an overview of the classic gravure coater process and its components like the gravure roll, doctor blade, and impression roll. It also describes improvements like enclosed applicators and quick-change cartridge systems. Variations covered are reverse, offset, and differential offset gravure, as well as pressurized applicators and two-side coating. The versatility of gravure in application range, substrates, coating types, and viscosities handled is highlighted.
Kerone.com - Manufacturer, Supplier and Exporter of various type of coating machine like as Gravure Coater, Reverse Roll Coating Machine, Knife-Over-Roll Coating Machine,Air Knife coating , Metering Rod (Mayer Rod) Coating Machine, Slot Die Coating Machine, Curtain Coating Machine, Dip Coater, Hot melt Coating Machine, Web Coating Machine, Fabric Coating Machine and Many More Coater in Mumbai, India.
The document summarizes several coating methods used in manufacturing coated products, including gravure coating, comma coating, reverse roll coating, hot melt coating, metering rod/Meyer bar coating, knife over roll coating, slot orifice coating, immersion/dip coating, and curtain coating. It provides details on some key methods, such as how gravure coating uses an engraved roller to apply coating from a bath, and how Meyer bar coating uses a wire-wound rod to meter the desired amount of coating applied by a bath roller.
Wrinkles & Piping in paper reels is an annoying problem. When the reel is used for any conversion, printing, lamination or anything, you get rejects and rejects. This presentation gives some thoughts on how can we minimize wrinkles and piping.
KROENERT Mumbai Speciality Films Conference V2.pdfSHRIPAD AMATE
The document discusses coating and printing technologies for films and flexible packaging. It provides information on self-metered coating technologies like smooth roller coating and pre-metered coating technologies like slot die, gravure roller, and flexo printing coating. Examples are given of applying these technologies to barrier films, printed electronics, organic photovoltaics, and membranes. Configurations for coating line concepts for different applications like release liners and barrier films are also presented.
This document presents a simple method for determining the angle of a doctor blade on any roll using two templates. Template A is placed with one corner touching the roll and doctor blade, while Template B is placed with one corner also touching the roll and doctor blade. The overlap angle between the templates indicates the doctor blade angle. For smaller rolls, there is a minor error that can be corrected using a scaling on Template B or a calculated error angle formula based on template length and roll diameter. Measuring the angle using this method provides a starting point, and the supplier's guidelines should be checked to ensure the correct doctor blade angle.
The document discusses anilox rollers, which are used in flexographic printing to transfer ink onto printing plates in a controlled manner. Anilox rollers have engraved cells that hold a specified volume of ink. Key points include:
- Anilox rollers come in various cell structures and are specified based on factors like line screen, cell angle, and cell volume. Higher line screens and smaller volumes are used for process printing while lower line screens and larger volumes are used for solids.
- Proper selection and maintenance of anilox rollers is important to ensure consistent ink transfer and print quality. Wear reduces cell volumes over time. Rollers must be cleaned regularly and replaced when worn.
New Era Converting Machinery - Gravure Coating Webinarjrd22
The document discusses gravure coating, an industry-versatile coating method. It outlines the webinar on gravure coating, including an overview of the classic gravure coater process and its components like the gravure roll, doctor blade, and impression roll. It also describes improvements like enclosed applicators and quick-change cartridge systems. Variations covered are reverse, offset, and differential offset gravure, as well as pressurized applicators and two-side coating. The versatility of gravure in application range, substrates, coating types, and viscosities handled is highlighted.
Kerone.com - Manufacturer, Supplier and Exporter of various type of coating machine like as Gravure Coater, Reverse Roll Coating Machine, Knife-Over-Roll Coating Machine,Air Knife coating , Metering Rod (Mayer Rod) Coating Machine, Slot Die Coating Machine, Curtain Coating Machine, Dip Coater, Hot melt Coating Machine, Web Coating Machine, Fabric Coating Machine and Many More Coater in Mumbai, India.
The document summarizes several coating methods used in manufacturing coated products, including gravure coating, comma coating, reverse roll coating, hot melt coating, metering rod/Meyer bar coating, knife over roll coating, slot orifice coating, immersion/dip coating, and curtain coating. It provides details on some key methods, such as how gravure coating uses an engraved roller to apply coating from a bath, and how Meyer bar coating uses a wire-wound rod to meter the desired amount of coating applied by a bath roller.
Wrinkles & Piping in paper reels is an annoying problem. When the reel is used for any conversion, printing, lamination or anything, you get rejects and rejects. This presentation gives some thoughts on how can we minimize wrinkles and piping.
KROENERT Mumbai Speciality Films Conference V2.pdfSHRIPAD AMATE
The document discusses coating and printing technologies for films and flexible packaging. It provides information on self-metered coating technologies like smooth roller coating and pre-metered coating technologies like slot die, gravure roller, and flexo printing coating. Examples are given of applying these technologies to barrier films, printed electronics, organic photovoltaics, and membranes. Configurations for coating line concepts for different applications like release liners and barrier films are also presented.
Dryer doctors have a number of purposes in a paper machine dryer section: sheet shedding, dryer surface cleaning, threading, and air handling and control. Paper dryer doctors are often overlooked in the papermaking process, but they need proper attention to maintain efficient dryer operation.
This document discusses how friction affects various stages of the papermaking process and product quality. It provides background on friction forces in papermaking and how coefficients of friction can impact winding efficiency and quality. The document then examines how different paper chemicals, fillers, and components from wood extractives can increase or decrease the coefficient of friction in paper. Maintaining consistent friction throughout the papermaking process is important for optimal performance.
Explosion welding : A Solid State Welding ProcessDeepam Goyal
This document discusses explosion welding, which joins dissimilar metals through a controlled detonation. It begins with an introduction to the process and its advantages over fusion welding. The document then covers the history, terminology, principles, features, materials, advantages, disadvantages and applications of explosion welding. Key points include that it produces a solid-state bond without heat effects, can join normally unweldable metals, and has applications in industries like petroleum refining, shipbuilding, and aluminum smelting.
The document describes the process of paper production, including:
1) Wood fibers are the main raw material and are unlocked from surrounding tissue through mechanical or chemical processes to produce pulp.
2) The pulp is refined, additives are mixed in, and the slurry is formed into a continuous web on a paper machine where water is removed through several sections.
3) Key factors that determine paper properties are fiber length and orientation, degree of refining, and additives used. The paper making process produces a fiber-oriented sheet with different characteristics on each side.
The document discusses additives used in printing inks, including water based and solvent based systems as well as radiation cured systems. It provides information on different types of additives such as defoamers, dispersing agents, rheology modifiers, wetting and leveling agents, and micronized waxes. For each additive type, the document lists specific products from Munzing and details their properties and applications. The goal of Munzing is to solve formulation problems for customers through technical support and a broad range of additive chemistries.
This document discusses various coating methods used in industries. It begins by outlining the basic steps in a coating process, which includes preparing the coating solution, loading the substrate, applying the coating, drying, and winding. It then describes different coating methods like reverse roll, gravure, slot die, and air knife. Factors to consider when selecting a coating method include the substrate, solution properties, coverage needs, and production volume. The document also covers topics like covered rollers, considerations for selecting roll coating methods, and how roll coaters work.
Rheology and Slot Die Coating Technology by Coating Tech Slot DiesCoating Tech Slot Dies
View this presentation on Rheology and Slot Die Coating Technology given by Mark Miller. This is the presentation from AIMCAL TV's live webinar February 6, 2019.
Rubber extruders have a varied field of application. So, when you come across a rubber profile, strip, hose, cable, wire, cord coating, tire tread, v-belt, tube, or blank remember that they are only a few handful of products manufactured using extrusion process. In this Knowledge On-The-Go Special Supplement, we bring to you a ‘collector’s edition’ on Extruders and Extrusion incorporating the fundamentals.
The document discusses different types of suction rolls used in papermaking, how they function to remove water from sheets and transfer sheets between felts. It explains that seal strips are important for defining the vacuum area and can wear out over time due to factors like overloading pressure. Proper operation of suction rolls through techniques like adjusting air pressure, cleaning showers, and box attitude optimization is important to maximize efficiency and minimize costs.
Learn more about the curtain coating technique for slot die coating by Mark Miller of Coating Tech Slot Dies including advantages, disadvantages, technical equations to be aware of, and multi-layer coating applications.
Compression molding is a process where molten plastic is squeezed into a heated mold under high pressure. It is commonly used for thermosetting plastics like phenolics and urea-formaldehyde. The material is placed in an open mold and compressed until it hardens. This process is slower for thermoplastics which must be cooled before ejection. Compression molding produces parts with good surface finish and wastes little material.
The document summarizes the key steps and components in the paper manufacturing process using a paper machine. It describes the basic components of the paper machine including the headbox, which deposits the pulp slurry onto the wire screen, and the fourdrinier wet end, where water is removed from the web through gravity, foils, and suction before entering the press and dryer sections. It provides details on key components in the wet end like the slice, forming board, table rolls, and couch roll that work to remove water and form the paper web.
The document discusses developments in conductive inks for printed electronics. It summarizes a masterclass on the future of conductive printing that covered: 1) the current status and types of conductive inks, 2) a EU project called CLIP that developed low-cost silver and copper nanoparticle inks for various printing methods, and 3) state-of-the-art developments by companies in producing more conductive and lower cost inks, such as NANOGAP's stable silver nanoparticle dispersions and multimodal particles. The conclusions are that while printed electronics growth has not met expectations, technical issues are now being solved and commercial uptake is increasing, which will help reduce costs and allow printed electronics to compete.
This document provides information about maintenance practices at Uranium Corporation of India Ltd (UCIL). It discusses how UCIL conducted a root cause analysis after equipment failures and found that improper greasing was often to blame due to lack of training. UCIL then implemented an educational program to train workers on lubrication and greasing. This included creating training materials, identifying personnel for training, and instructing them on lubrication basics, types of grease, and proper grease selection. The training aimed to improve maintenance practices and reduce equipment breakdowns at UCIL.
Rolling is a metal forming process that uses rolls to reduce the thickness and increase the length of metal workpieces. It can be done hot or cold. Hot rolling occurs above the metal's recrystallization temperature and results in a more uniform structure, while cold rolling occurs at room temperature and produces closer tolerances and a better surface finish. The document defines various products of rolling like billets, blooms, slabs, plates, sheets and strips based on their dimensions. It also describes different types of rolling processes like continuous, transverse, shape, ring and thread rolling as well as the types of mills used like two-high, three-high and four-high mills.
New eBook "An Introduction to plastic injection molding"The Rodon Group
This document provides an overview of plastic injection molding through a 7 chapter eBook. Chapter 1 discusses how plastics have become ubiquitous in modern society. Chapter 2 covers the main types of plastic molding processes. Chapter 3 outlines the key factors for achieving high quality plastic parts such as mold design, resin selection, mold building and testing, and production quality control. Chapter 4 describes the basics of how plastic injection molding machines are rated based on tonnage. Chapter 5 compares cold runner versus hot runner molding systems.
Thermoforming is a process where a plastic sheet is heated and formed into a desired shape using pressure, vacuum, or mechanical methods. There are three main thermoforming methods: vacuum forming uses vacuum pressure to draw the heated sheet onto a mold; pressure forming uses compressed air to force the sheet onto the mold more quickly; and mechanical forming uses matching molds to shape the sheet without vacuum or pressure. Common materials thermoformed include plastics like ABS, polyethylene, and PVC. Applications include food packaging, automotive and aircraft parts.
Sheet metal stamping was developed in the 1890s for mass production of bicycles, playing an important role in making interchangeable parts economical. Basic sheet forming processes include shearing, bending, drawing, and involve tools like shear presses, brake presses, and finger presses. Material selection is critical, balancing formability with strength, weight, cost, and corrosion resistance. Stretch forming allows tighter tolerances than stamping but is difficult for complex shapes. New developments include tailored blanks, binder force control, and quick die exchange. Alternative auto body materials offer cost and environmental benefits compared to steel.
Physical vapor deposition (PVD) involves depositing thin films onto surfaces through the condensation of vaporized material in vacuum conditions. There are various PVD techniques that vaporize material through processes like evaporation, sputtering, and pulsed laser deposition. Common applications of PVD coatings include improving hardness, wear resistance, and oxidation resistance for tools, medical devices, aerospace and automotive components. Magnetron sputtering is a widely used PVD technique that ejects material from a target using energetic ions from a plasma to deposit films for applications like semiconductor manufacturing.
Corona Treatment &. Plasma Treatment - The OpportuntiesFlexoGlobal
This document summarizes a presentation about surface treatment systems. It discusses corona treatment and plasma treatment. Corona treatment increases the surface energy of plastics by generating functional groups and reactive species on the surface. Plasma treatment also modifies surfaces by creating radical sites and new functional groups through reactions with plasma gases like oxygen and argon. Both treatments improve adhesion by increasing surface energy and creating sites for bonding. The presentation recommends optimizing treatments based on factors like material type and required adhesion level.
Creping
The crepe blade is the point at which the final sheet appearance is created. The geometry of the blade and its application are critical in establishing the best possible end product. Specifically designed for tissue applications, the crepe blade, along with the Yankee against which it operates, is the heart of the process.
The doctor holder uses a special pneumatic loading arrangement to load the blade against the Yankee cylinder and has a “flexible finger” type backing. The mechanical lock prevents collision of the holder with the cylinder when there is no blade in place. For certain applications and upon request, a stiff holder can be substituted.
Angle adjustment
The doctor assembly is adjustable for different applications and end product properties. The entire assembly can be rotated on the assembly journal by means of a jacking bolt that changes the position of the assembly relative to the loading cylinder stroke.
At a glance
Flexible holder ensures even application of the creping load.
Adjustable angular position allows flexibility for different products and properties.
Dryer doctors have a number of purposes in a paper machine dryer section: sheet shedding, dryer surface cleaning, threading, and air handling and control. Paper dryer doctors are often overlooked in the papermaking process, but they need proper attention to maintain efficient dryer operation.
This document discusses how friction affects various stages of the papermaking process and product quality. It provides background on friction forces in papermaking and how coefficients of friction can impact winding efficiency and quality. The document then examines how different paper chemicals, fillers, and components from wood extractives can increase or decrease the coefficient of friction in paper. Maintaining consistent friction throughout the papermaking process is important for optimal performance.
Explosion welding : A Solid State Welding ProcessDeepam Goyal
This document discusses explosion welding, which joins dissimilar metals through a controlled detonation. It begins with an introduction to the process and its advantages over fusion welding. The document then covers the history, terminology, principles, features, materials, advantages, disadvantages and applications of explosion welding. Key points include that it produces a solid-state bond without heat effects, can join normally unweldable metals, and has applications in industries like petroleum refining, shipbuilding, and aluminum smelting.
The document describes the process of paper production, including:
1) Wood fibers are the main raw material and are unlocked from surrounding tissue through mechanical or chemical processes to produce pulp.
2) The pulp is refined, additives are mixed in, and the slurry is formed into a continuous web on a paper machine where water is removed through several sections.
3) Key factors that determine paper properties are fiber length and orientation, degree of refining, and additives used. The paper making process produces a fiber-oriented sheet with different characteristics on each side.
The document discusses additives used in printing inks, including water based and solvent based systems as well as radiation cured systems. It provides information on different types of additives such as defoamers, dispersing agents, rheology modifiers, wetting and leveling agents, and micronized waxes. For each additive type, the document lists specific products from Munzing and details their properties and applications. The goal of Munzing is to solve formulation problems for customers through technical support and a broad range of additive chemistries.
This document discusses various coating methods used in industries. It begins by outlining the basic steps in a coating process, which includes preparing the coating solution, loading the substrate, applying the coating, drying, and winding. It then describes different coating methods like reverse roll, gravure, slot die, and air knife. Factors to consider when selecting a coating method include the substrate, solution properties, coverage needs, and production volume. The document also covers topics like covered rollers, considerations for selecting roll coating methods, and how roll coaters work.
Rheology and Slot Die Coating Technology by Coating Tech Slot DiesCoating Tech Slot Dies
View this presentation on Rheology and Slot Die Coating Technology given by Mark Miller. This is the presentation from AIMCAL TV's live webinar February 6, 2019.
Rubber extruders have a varied field of application. So, when you come across a rubber profile, strip, hose, cable, wire, cord coating, tire tread, v-belt, tube, or blank remember that they are only a few handful of products manufactured using extrusion process. In this Knowledge On-The-Go Special Supplement, we bring to you a ‘collector’s edition’ on Extruders and Extrusion incorporating the fundamentals.
The document discusses different types of suction rolls used in papermaking, how they function to remove water from sheets and transfer sheets between felts. It explains that seal strips are important for defining the vacuum area and can wear out over time due to factors like overloading pressure. Proper operation of suction rolls through techniques like adjusting air pressure, cleaning showers, and box attitude optimization is important to maximize efficiency and minimize costs.
Learn more about the curtain coating technique for slot die coating by Mark Miller of Coating Tech Slot Dies including advantages, disadvantages, technical equations to be aware of, and multi-layer coating applications.
Compression molding is a process where molten plastic is squeezed into a heated mold under high pressure. It is commonly used for thermosetting plastics like phenolics and urea-formaldehyde. The material is placed in an open mold and compressed until it hardens. This process is slower for thermoplastics which must be cooled before ejection. Compression molding produces parts with good surface finish and wastes little material.
The document summarizes the key steps and components in the paper manufacturing process using a paper machine. It describes the basic components of the paper machine including the headbox, which deposits the pulp slurry onto the wire screen, and the fourdrinier wet end, where water is removed from the web through gravity, foils, and suction before entering the press and dryer sections. It provides details on key components in the wet end like the slice, forming board, table rolls, and couch roll that work to remove water and form the paper web.
The document discusses developments in conductive inks for printed electronics. It summarizes a masterclass on the future of conductive printing that covered: 1) the current status and types of conductive inks, 2) a EU project called CLIP that developed low-cost silver and copper nanoparticle inks for various printing methods, and 3) state-of-the-art developments by companies in producing more conductive and lower cost inks, such as NANOGAP's stable silver nanoparticle dispersions and multimodal particles. The conclusions are that while printed electronics growth has not met expectations, technical issues are now being solved and commercial uptake is increasing, which will help reduce costs and allow printed electronics to compete.
This document provides information about maintenance practices at Uranium Corporation of India Ltd (UCIL). It discusses how UCIL conducted a root cause analysis after equipment failures and found that improper greasing was often to blame due to lack of training. UCIL then implemented an educational program to train workers on lubrication and greasing. This included creating training materials, identifying personnel for training, and instructing them on lubrication basics, types of grease, and proper grease selection. The training aimed to improve maintenance practices and reduce equipment breakdowns at UCIL.
Rolling is a metal forming process that uses rolls to reduce the thickness and increase the length of metal workpieces. It can be done hot or cold. Hot rolling occurs above the metal's recrystallization temperature and results in a more uniform structure, while cold rolling occurs at room temperature and produces closer tolerances and a better surface finish. The document defines various products of rolling like billets, blooms, slabs, plates, sheets and strips based on their dimensions. It also describes different types of rolling processes like continuous, transverse, shape, ring and thread rolling as well as the types of mills used like two-high, three-high and four-high mills.
New eBook "An Introduction to plastic injection molding"The Rodon Group
This document provides an overview of plastic injection molding through a 7 chapter eBook. Chapter 1 discusses how plastics have become ubiquitous in modern society. Chapter 2 covers the main types of plastic molding processes. Chapter 3 outlines the key factors for achieving high quality plastic parts such as mold design, resin selection, mold building and testing, and production quality control. Chapter 4 describes the basics of how plastic injection molding machines are rated based on tonnage. Chapter 5 compares cold runner versus hot runner molding systems.
Thermoforming is a process where a plastic sheet is heated and formed into a desired shape using pressure, vacuum, or mechanical methods. There are three main thermoforming methods: vacuum forming uses vacuum pressure to draw the heated sheet onto a mold; pressure forming uses compressed air to force the sheet onto the mold more quickly; and mechanical forming uses matching molds to shape the sheet without vacuum or pressure. Common materials thermoformed include plastics like ABS, polyethylene, and PVC. Applications include food packaging, automotive and aircraft parts.
Sheet metal stamping was developed in the 1890s for mass production of bicycles, playing an important role in making interchangeable parts economical. Basic sheet forming processes include shearing, bending, drawing, and involve tools like shear presses, brake presses, and finger presses. Material selection is critical, balancing formability with strength, weight, cost, and corrosion resistance. Stretch forming allows tighter tolerances than stamping but is difficult for complex shapes. New developments include tailored blanks, binder force control, and quick die exchange. Alternative auto body materials offer cost and environmental benefits compared to steel.
Physical vapor deposition (PVD) involves depositing thin films onto surfaces through the condensation of vaporized material in vacuum conditions. There are various PVD techniques that vaporize material through processes like evaporation, sputtering, and pulsed laser deposition. Common applications of PVD coatings include improving hardness, wear resistance, and oxidation resistance for tools, medical devices, aerospace and automotive components. Magnetron sputtering is a widely used PVD technique that ejects material from a target using energetic ions from a plasma to deposit films for applications like semiconductor manufacturing.
Corona Treatment &. Plasma Treatment - The OpportuntiesFlexoGlobal
This document summarizes a presentation about surface treatment systems. It discusses corona treatment and plasma treatment. Corona treatment increases the surface energy of plastics by generating functional groups and reactive species on the surface. Plasma treatment also modifies surfaces by creating radical sites and new functional groups through reactions with plasma gases like oxygen and argon. Both treatments improve adhesion by increasing surface energy and creating sites for bonding. The presentation recommends optimizing treatments based on factors like material type and required adhesion level.
Creping
The crepe blade is the point at which the final sheet appearance is created. The geometry of the blade and its application are critical in establishing the best possible end product. Specifically designed for tissue applications, the crepe blade, along with the Yankee against which it operates, is the heart of the process.
The doctor holder uses a special pneumatic loading arrangement to load the blade against the Yankee cylinder and has a “flexible finger” type backing. The mechanical lock prevents collision of the holder with the cylinder when there is no blade in place. For certain applications and upon request, a stiff holder can be substituted.
Angle adjustment
The doctor assembly is adjustable for different applications and end product properties. The entire assembly can be rotated on the assembly journal by means of a jacking bolt that changes the position of the assembly relative to the loading cylinder stroke.
At a glance
Flexible holder ensures even application of the creping load.
Adjustable angular position allows flexibility for different products and properties.
Crescentformer general process. tissue machine VoithNelson Izaguirre
CRESCENT FORMER
The Crescent Former is the culmination of technological improvements derived from our experience in the manufacturing of four machines since the 1960s (Plain Wire; Sloped Wire; Twin Wire C-Former; and Twin Wire S-Former). The first Crescent Former was invented in the 1970s by the multinational Kimberly Clark which held the patent until the Nineties.
Our technological innovations and more than 50 years of experience in the field of tissue ensure the highest levels of performance from the Recard Crescent Former.
Each Recard Crescent Former is designed to optimize the real operating speed of your production line. We have achieved performance of over 2000 meters per minute.
The document provides an overview of tissue machine operator training, focusing on crepe tissue production and the factors that influence creping. It discusses how increasing percent crepe through differences in yankee and reel speeds can improve sheet properties like bulk and softness. It also explains that coatings are applied to the yankee dryer to hold the sheet during creping and help build a good roll, while release aids facilitate sheet removal and influence properties. Common problems and methods for adjusting crepe, coatings and release aids to protect the dryer surface and meet sheet specifications are described.
Grievance procedures provide a systematic process for employees to file complaints and have them addressed in order to protect employee rights and avoid strikes. They involve multiple steps starting with filing the grievance with a direct supervisor and potentially leading to arbitration. Common causes of grievances include differing interpretations of policies, perceived unfair treatment, violations of agreements or laws, and lack of clear company policies. Both employees and unions can file grievances. Supervisors are encouraged to take all complaints seriously, thoroughly investigate the facts, and follow up to ensure issues are resolved.
The document discusses Begg mechanics for orthodontic tooth movement. It covers the basics of biomechanics including forces, moments, center of rotation and their roles in different tooth movements. It then describes the three stages of Begg mechanics: Stage I involves opening the anterior bite, eliminating crowding, closing spaces, and overcorrecting rotations and relationships between teeth. Stage II focuses on molar uprighting and distalization. Stage III stabilizes the results through finishing and detailing. The document emphasizes the importance of controlling the moment to force ratio to achieve the desired tooth movement in each stage.
This document provides an overview of quality control procedures and responsibilities in a pharmaceutical quality control laboratory. It discusses the roles of the laboratory director and technicians. It describes routine control instruments, reagent handling and labeling procedures, and various sampling plans including single, double, continuous, and sequential sampling. Standard test procedures and documentation requirements are also outlined. The document establishes best practices for ensuring accurate and reliable testing in the quality control laboratory.
Model analysis involves studying dental casts to analyze malocclusion in 3 dimensions. This document outlines various model analyses used to assess dental relationships and occlusion. Pont's analysis uses incisor width measurements to calculate expected premolar and molar widths. Linder Harth index is similar but uses different formulas. Korkhaus analysis adds an incisal measurement. Ashley Howe's analysis relates arch width to total tooth width. Wayne Bolton analysis compares maxillary and mandibular tooth widths. Carey's analysis calculates arch length-tooth material discrepancy. Mixed dentition analysis estimates space for permanent teeth.
Product Marketing Framework for Product or Service LaunchJanet Jaiswal
A framework to launch a product or a service in either the B2B or B2C space. Shows step-by-step what to do and how to prepare to release a product to the market that's successful from the first day.
Also covers 7 lessons learned in launching online products and services in the past.
The document discusses different methods of encoding and modulating digital and analog signals for transmission. It covers digital-to-digital encoding techniques like unipolar, polar, Manchester and differential Manchester encoding. It also discusses analog-to-digital conversion techniques like PAM and PCM. Finally, it discusses analog-to-analog modulation techniques like AM, FM and PM and how they modulate parameters of a carrier signal to transmit an analog signal.
This document is a lightning talk presentation about using test-driven development in C to implement a bowling scoring game without a testing framework. It introduces the bowling game kata programming exercise and references a seminal 2001 article that established calculating bowling scores as an example problem for test-driven development. The presentation will demonstrate writing tests in C using simple assert statements and developing the code to pass those tests.
This presentation curates resources, podcasts and screenshots focusing on our changing climate. What are your go-to resources? What inspires? Favorite buzzwords? We welcome your interaction -- comments, questions, suggestions, shares, clips, favorites, likes and hearts.
- Ron Mader (Las Vegas, 2016)
Some history: This presentation was first created in 2008 to review global initiatives in the realm of climate change. An early version debuted at the Environmental Tourism Forum in Monterrey, Mexico.
More info on the Planeta Wiki
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/climate
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/climatenotes
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/climatecop22
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/climatecop21
November 2015 video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lEbgKy57xIU
Deep Dive into SharePoint Topologies and Server Architecture for SharePoint 2013K.Mohamed Faizal
Come and understand different type of SharePoint Topologies and learn how to design for SharePoint architecture that serve for Intranet, Websites, Office Web Apps Server, App management, wide-area networks, monitoring, newsfeeds, distributed cache, high availability, and disaster recovery.
The document describes the timekeeping features of the Apple Watch. It discusses how the Apple Watch keeps incredibly precise time, allows for extensive customization of watch faces with various designs and complications, and provides classic timekeeping functions like a stopwatch in new digital and analog formats. Key features mentioned include its ability to automatically adjust for time zones and daylight saving time, include complications for information like weather and stocks, and customize faces with different designs, colors, and detail levels.
The document provides statistics on the global and US perfume industries. Some key details include:
- The annual global perfume industry sales revenue is $27.5 billion, while the US market is $5.2 billion.
- In 2002, there were 756 perfume brands in US department stores.
- Only 1% of celebrity perfume brands are priced over $75, compared to 46% of designer perfume brands.
- 87% of American women use perfume.
- Coty Inc holds 13% of the fragrance market share.
What we carry with us in our everyday lives and interactions is just as important for our success as our technical skills and achievements.
This is what I carry with me. What do YOU carry?
Slides designed and produced with Haiku Deck for iPad. Set your story free with Haiku Deck at http://www.haikudeck.com/
You can learn more about Jonathon Colman at http://www.jonathoncolman.org/
This document provides an overview of topics related to critical care nursing, including acute coronary syndromes, heart blocks, heart failure, shock states, respiratory alterations, and gastrointestinal alterations. It lists objectives, definitions, signs and symptoms, and treatments for each topic. The objectives are to understand various cardiovascular and pulmonary conditions, be able to distinguish between different types, recognize signs and symptoms, and identify standard treatments.
This document provides information about a sheet metal forming lab on shearing and bending. The lab objectives are to familiarize students with shearing and bending processes and analyze bending experiments to determine springback in aluminum strips. The document outlines the bending experiment procedure which involves cutting aluminum samples, bending them using different die radii, and measuring the resulting bend radii and angles to calculate springback. It also includes simulations of the bending and springback processes using finite element analysis.
This document discusses rotary instruments used in operative dentistry. It begins by introducing rotary instruments which include handpieces and cutting burs. It then describes different types of handpieces and their uses. The document outlines speed ranges for rotary instruments and discusses factors that influence the efficiency of cutting burs such as design, shape, material. It also summarizes diamond abrasive instruments and other abrasives used for shaping, finishing and polishing restorations. In summary, the document provides an overview of rotary instruments and burs used in restorative dentistry and factors affecting their cutting efficiency.
Sheet metal can be bent into various shapes by applying forces that strain the material around a straight axis. There are two main types of bending: V-bending using a V-shaped die, and edge bending using a wiping die. When bending, the material below the neutral axis is compressed and above is stretched. The amount of stretching depends on the bend radius and thickness, and can be estimated using a bend allowance formula. After bending, springback may occur as the material elasticity causes the bend angle to increase toward its original shape. The maximum required bending force can be calculated based on the material properties, part dimensions, and die type.
The document discusses lathes and drilling machines. It provides details on various parts of lathes like the headstock, ways, tailstock, bed, and carriage. It describes lathe operations like turning, threading, tapering, drilling/boring, and different work holding devices. It also covers drilling machine types, drilling operations, and drill tool geometry including axial rake angle and lip clearance angle.
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Doctor Blade Metering
1. Doctor Blade Metering
The What and How in
Anilox Ink Metering.
Tony Donato
Product Development Engineer
Harper Corporation of America
tdonato@harperimage.com
2. FIRST 4.0
From Section 21.4 Ink Metering System:
“ The function of the ink metering system is to control the
amount of ink being transferred onto the printing plate.”
From Section 21.4.1 Doctor Blades:
“ The primary function of the doctor blade is to uniformly
remove ink from the surface of the anilox without
damaging the anilox.”
Ink Metering
3. Doctor Blade Metering
OUTLINE:
• The difference between forward and reverse doctoring.
• Ink metering terms: Set-Angle, Contact Angle, blade
deflection, sheen, back-doctoring, blade loading pressure,
blade alignment and many others.
• The importance of blade stiffness to metering.
• How blade thickness affects metering.
• Why are there different blade tips.
4. Forward and Reverse Metering
Simplest Examples
http://www.autogeek.net/windshield-ice-scraper.html
Reverse metering shears off
the unwanted material.
Windshield Ice ScraperWindshield Wiper Blades
Forward wiping pushes
the unwanted material.
5. Forward Metering
Blade points in the
direction of rotation.
Pushes the surface ink back into the pan.
Traditionally used in Gravure
on Chrome Rollers
Ink is pushed
back to the pan
6. Forward Metering
Pluses:
• Ideal where roll diameter
changes with the jobs.
• Less wear to rollers
being metered.
• Helps to lubricate blade.
Minuses:
• Works best with low
viscosity inks.
• Potential for speed
limitations due to
hydraulic lift.
• Blade position and
stiffness dependant.
Application Importance:
• Needs blade angle and location adjustability.
• Important to pick the right blade thickness, tip and
back-up blade combination.
7. Forward Metering Angle Relationships
A Distance blade tip to Cylinder Vertical Center Line
B Distance of blade tip to Cylinder Horizontal Center line
C Circumvential Distance Nip point to Blade Tip
D Elevator (Up & Down) adjustment for table assembly
E Slide (In and Out) adjustment blade holder
F Table Tilt (Pivot) adjustment for table assembly
G Set angle for blade to Cylinder without loading deflection.
H Contact Angle of blade tip with deflection
90
0
90
0
15
90
0
90
0
75
74.92°ø 6.00"
58.72°
54.11°
75.05°
A
Impression
Roll
Gravure
Cylinder
F
C
D
E
Reference line (Tangent) Set angle
Protractor Angle Finder
Angle Finder gives angles relevant
to earth.
G
H
B
Typical Contact Angles are:
Packaging Gravure 40° to 65°
Publication Gravure 50° to 70°
Coating & Wall Covering 40° to 55°
Dimensions related
to Center line of
Gravure Cylinder
8. Reverse Metering
“Reverse Metering” shears the ink off the Anilox surface.
Anilox
Ceramic anilox rollers allow the use of reverse metering.
Single Blade Enclosed Blade Chamber
9. Reverse Metering
Pluses:
• Meters the ink surface
cleaner than forward.
• No hydraulic lift.
• Meters viscous inks.
Minuses:
• Blade holders or chambers
have fixed set angles.
• Fixed roller diameter.
• Blade wear changes angle.
• Shears large pigments
• Pearlescent
• Metallic's
Application Importance:
• Needs hard surfaces.
10. Set Angle
90.00°
Anilox
Anilox
Reverse Metering
Single Blade
• Ink Pan Only
• Ink Pan w/ Fountain Roll
Chamber
• Two Blades
• Meter & Containment
• End Seals & Pump.
Blade Angles are fixed by holder & Chamber supplier
11. Metering Terms
90.00°
Set Angle
Anilox
Center Line.
Reference Line
From Anilox Center
To point of
Blade Contact
Tangent Line
Perpendicular to
Reference line
The “Set Angle” is the Chamber/Holder
Machined Angle without any load.
Doctor Blade
Anilox
12. Contact Angle
Worn Area
Contact
Patch
Anilox
Deflected Doctor Blade
Metering Terms
The “Contact Angle” is worn at the tip and is
the result of all forces acting on the blade.
FIRST
recommends
“Contact Angle”
should be
between 25-40
degrees.
Lower angles Print Dirty,
Higher Angles Chatter
15. Metering Terms
Chamber opened up from the outside deck #7
Top of picture is bottom (6 O’clock) of chamber
Drips on doctor blade is back doctoring of ink
White drops tinting is high speed “Ink Misting.”
16. • Containment Blades can trap contaminates under it.
• Keep Containment blades Clean.
Small Dried Ink Chunks
Containing Metal
Particles
Plastic or Composite
Blades with
Embedded Particles
Dried ink on the back (outside) of the blades
Back doctoring does more than just waste ink.
17. 90.00°
Containment
Set Angle
Set Angle
45.00°
Metering Terms
Anilox
Chamber
Meter
Blade
Containment
Blade
Unloaded blade
is at the highest
angle.
High speed presses
are trending at
lowering the
containment set angle.
Chambers do
not have to
have the same
angles for both
blades
18. 90.00°
90.00°
37.47°
13.20°
Anilox
Contact Angles decrease with increased loading pressure!
Containment
Contact Angle
.
These are
good angles
for high
speeds.
Metering Terms
Lower containment
blade angles help to
reduce back doctoring.
Chamber has
.031" (.79mm)
of loading
19. Blade holder alignment needs to be part of press maintenance.
Metering Terms
28.48°
90.01°
5.11°
90.00°
Anilox
Metering Contact Angle
Containment “Contact Angle”
Chamber has
.0625” (1.6mm)
of loading
Doctor
blades are
spring steel
and the more
they are
loaded the
harder they
push into the
anilox roller.
20. Extreme low
containment
angles will
trap dried ink
and
contaminates
Ink magnets
and filters are
required for
high speed
presses
3.52°
90.00°
18.42°
Anilox
Metering Contact Angle
Containment Contact Angle
Chamber has
.125” (3.2mm)
of loading
Metering Terms
Extreme loading will result in burrs created on the blade edge.
21. Anilox rotation remains the same on CI press
Outside decks 6 to 10 Inside decks 1 to 5
Back doctoring drips off
chamber into pan
Back doctoring puddles behind blade
and slings off the end of the anilox
Containment
Blade
Containment
Blade
22. Doctor Blade Mechanical
Specifications and Properties:
Mechanical Properties: Affect loading
pressure, blade life and anilox wear.
•Tensile strength (spring like quality) ,
• Hardness
• Wear resistance.
• Chemical resistance.
Physical Attributes: Affect the printing
performance.
• Thickness and width tolerances, flatness,
surface finishes and camber (curvature
also called edge straightness)
Deflected doctor blade
and released it laid flat!
23. Doctor Blade Mechanical Property:
Deflected a piece of steel banding stock.
Blade must deflect and re-flatten, it cannot take a set!
Banding stock unsuitable for a number of reasons!
24. Doctor Blade Mechanical
Specifications and Properties:
• The initial wiping between the blade and roller are effected
by variations in blade camber, flatness and width.
• All of the mechanical and physical properties affect the
amount of loading force needed to cleanly meter the anilox.
• In addition, the blade mounting, holder/chamber physical
dimensions/condition & mounting mechanism must be kept in
good working order for the doctor blade to properly work.
A´A
Blades must be parallel to each other, & tip to tip distance the same.
25. Blade Mechanics Simplified
1"
d
t
Load
w
Looking at the mathematics and
mechanics a doctor blade is a “beam”
fixed on one end and loaded on the other.
“w” is load in lbs/linear inch
“d” is deflection at the tip (inches)
“1” is the extension of blade
“E” Modulus of elasticity 30,000,000lbs for
steel.
“I” Moment of inertia for the blade cross
section.
w x 1³
3 x E x I
d = (1)
26. 1³ (blade ext)__
t³
Blade Mechanics Simplified
1"
d
t
Load
w
t³
12
Moment of Inertia I =
t = blade thickness
We substitute equation (2) into (1)
d =
____w x 1³____
3 x E x (t³ / 12)
(3)
(2)
Set w = to 1lbs/ linear inch and assume
steel “E” for the blade material we get:
d =
____1___________
(3 x 30,000,000/ 12)
x (4)
27. Blade Mechanics Simplified
STILL AWAKE LAST SLIDE WITH MATH!!!!
The exponents in equation (4) show the
cube factor.
Example leaving a blade in too long:
(.750/.625)³ = 1.73 times stiffer
Example replace .006” with 0.008: (.008/.006)³= 2.24 times.
If the stiffer blade was left in until it was 1/8” shorter:
Then: 1.73 (shorting) x 2.24 (thickening) = 3.87 times stiffer
CHANGES IN THICKNESS AND EXTENSION CAN EFFECT
ANILOX WEAR.
28. Blade Mechanics Tested
Experiment:
Used .006” & .008” doctor blades and two different widths
to get ½” extension and a 1” extension. Applied two
separate weights first 4.75lbs and second 7.2lbs statically
and measured the deflection with a dial indicator.
32. Doctor Blade Loading
What to expect from what we have learned so far!
• Typically the highest angle is the set-angle.
• As the loading pressure increases the “Contact-Angle”
decreases.
• Loading pressure can lower the contact angle beyond the
point of clean metering. (Below 26°)
• As a blade wears it narrows and the contact angle increases.
• Between loading and wearing the blade contact point moves
away from the center line.
33. Overloading the blades changes wear.
Excessive pressure may result in creating wire like slivers.
Anilox Roll
Chamber
Lamella Tip
Clamp Bar
Tip not
contacting roll
Wear Patch
Is behind Tip
Radius Tip
Over-Loaded
Blades can
Cause Scoring !!
Do Not
do this to your
Doctor Blades !!
34. Top blade has .217” worn off came from white deck!
Steel Slivers created from overloading.
Slivers form
break off and get
loaded between
blade and anilox
damaging
surface.
35. 90.00°
18.42°
90.00°
48.17°
0.23 in
1.25 in
Chamber is engaged .125" (3.2mm)
Blade was 1-3/8” and
after the chamber is
loaded to 1/8” the blade
can wear to a width 1-1/4”
The contact
patch shifts
with chamber
loading and
blade wear.
Chamber has
.125” (3.2mm)
of loading
Doctor Blade Loading Observations
37. Doctor Blade Material Selection
• Carbon Steels:
• Blue Carbon, White (Bright) Carbon
• Wear (Premium) Alloy Steels:
•Tool Steel Alloys:
•Laser Hardened Tips
• Stainless Steels:
• Coated Steel or Stainless:
• Ceramic, or Plated
• Plastics:
• UHMW, Acetal, Polyester, Proprietary compounds.
• Composite:
• Fiberglass, Carbon Fiber
Work with your blade supplier.
Each material has its best application!
38. 45.00° 20.00°
•Square
• Round Radius
• Beveled
• 45
• 15 to 20
• 5 or less
• Stepped (Lamella)
• Single Step
• Double Step
Blade Tips (Profile)
39. Blade Tips
Typical tip applications:
• Square Tip
• Plastic Containment blades.
• Back-up Steel Blades
• Round (Radius) Tip
• Metal Metering WW w/Chamber w/Sunday Drive
• Beveled 45°
• UHMW Plastic
• Beveled 15 or 20°
• Metal on NW (seats quickly)
• Composites and stiffer plastics
• Lamella (stepped)
• Where the tip needs to thin and body stiffer.
• Double stepped
• Where a stiff blade is needed w/ narrow contact.
40. Blade Thickness
Thickness considerations:
• Blade Material dependant
• Plastics & Composites thicker than metals
• Application dependant
• Corrosive ink or coating or environment.
• Ink pigmentations or material (ex. TiO² white)
• Metering or Containment
• Anilox Geometry
• 30 & 60°
• 45° Quad
• Channeled
• Trihelical
• Anilox Screen
• Process & solids
• Coatings and adhesives
41. Blade Optimization work with your supplier
• Periodically have a used blade analysis
– Check contact angle over 3 spots across web
– amount worn 3 spots
• The Used Blade can tell you:
– Loading degrees (pressure)
– Blade alignment to anilox
– Chamber condition
• Set shop practices.
– Blade Changing schedules.
– Loading pressures
– Mounting training
42. Worn Doctor
Blade showing
engraving lines
Anilox Engraving post intersections leave lines in doctor
blades contacting edge
25,400µ/”
Line to lineµ
25,400 µ/in
18 µ
18 Microns
Anilox effects wear pattern.
Equation to calculate
the CPI of an Anilox
from a worn blade
CPI = x Cos of Engr ∟
= 705 CPI 60° Angle of Engravingx 0.5
43. • Doctor Blade contact angle does effect blade vibration.
• Doctor blades can change the surface smoothness of the
anilox.
• Loading pressure reduces the blade angle.
• Blade wear can increase the contact angle.
• Thicker doctor blades increase the blade angle because
they deflect less.
• Thicker doctor blades increase wear area spreading load.
• Best metering contact angles between 26°to 38°.
• Above 40°contact angle can result in chatter.
• 4° to 5°of loading deflection is helpful for metering
above a 1000 fpm.
Metering Review
44. • The empty anilox cells bring air back into the chamber.
• Know what your set angles are.
• Lower containment contact angles can reduce back
doctoring.
• Containment blades can wear faster on full coverage.
• Use caution when handling used doctor blades. They
are sharp.
• Your suppliers they are your best resources.
• Doctor blades should shear off the surface ink leaving
only the ink in the Anilox cells.
• The abrasiveness of the ink itself needs to be
considered.
• Change blades when changing cpi.
• Remove ink contaminants with filters and magnets.
Metering Review
45. Be Observant of the Anilox Metering
• Anilox properly metered “Dull Sheen”
• Looks shinny excessive “surface ink”
– Excessive loading pressure.
– Chamber or holder at bottom of adjustment.
• Shinny streaks “nicks in blade”
• Sheen varies side to side:
– Mounting and or alignment issue.
• Variation in density across web:
– Uneven loading pressure.
– Mounting and or alignment issue.
46. Doctor Blade Review
Work with your blade supplier.
• Specified by material, thickness and tip.
• There is a proper blade for each application.
• Blades affect print quality and Anilox life.
• Blade Mounting is very important.
• Important: Holder/Chamber alignment to Anilox
• Blade loading pressure critical.
• Record Doctor Blade Information: Create a log
and track issues and concerns
• Used blades are sharp are a razor blade.
• Have used blades analyzed periodically.
48. Doctor Blade Metering
The What and How in Anilox Ink Metering.
Tony Donato
Product Development Engineer
Harper Corporation of America
tdonato@harperimage.com
THANK YOU FOR ATTENDING!