Docker in practice

•

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This document discusses Selinko's use of Docker in their development, testing, and production environments. Some key points: - Selinko is a Belgian company that provides secure IoT platforms and track and trace microchips. - They use Docker for its portability, reproducibility, scalability, and other benefits aligned with the 12 factor app principles. - In development, they use Docker Machine and Docker Compose. In testing, Jenkins. In production, CoreOS and systemd unit files to run Docker containers. - They've learned best practices like avoiding running as root, minimizing layers, dealing with images sizes being virtual, and using Tini to avoid signals and zombies in containers.

Technology

SELINKO
Belgian company based in LLN, with offices in
Taiwan & Washington DC
September 2012
Patrick Eischen • CEO
Didier Delhez • CTO
Gwen Festraets • VP Marketing & Communications
Jean-Pierre Pirson • VP Sales
14
SELINKO S.A.
LAUNCH
FOUNDERS
EMPLOYEES
PARTNERS Inside Secure (International leader in contactless technology)
Zetes (European leader in Track & Trace)
MICROCHIPS TRACK & TRACE

SECURE IOT PLATFORM
Connected
objects
Unique
Digital
Identity

OUR CONSTRAINTS
•International brands
•Mobile App
•User Experience has to be fast
•Great Firewall

WHY DO WE USE DOCKER?
• 12 factors (12factor.net)
• Setup automation
• Portability
• Reproducibility
• Scalability
• Security
• Multiple regions
• Microservices

HOW DO WE USE DOCKER?
• Development:
• Docker Machine
• Docker Compose

MQCore DB
Core App
Short DB
Core
Worker
Short App
SMTP
Core Web Short Web

HOW DO WE USE DOCKER?
• Development:
• Docker Machine
• Docker Compose
• Test:
• Jenkins
• Production:
• CoreOS
• systemd

[Unit]
Description=Postgres
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service
[Service]
TimeoutStartSec=0
ExecStartPre=−/usr/bin/docker kill postgres
ExecStartPre=−/usr/bin/docker rm postgres
ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker run −−name postgres
−−volumes−from postgres_data postgres:9.4
ExecStop=/usr/bin/docker stop postgres
[Install]
WantedBy=multi−user.target

[Unit]
Description=Selinko Platform Core Webserver
After=core_app.service
BindsTo=core_app.service
[Service]
TimeoutStartSec=0
ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/docker kill core_web
ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/docker rm core_web
ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker run --name core_web
--volumes-from core_app:ro --link core_app:app
registry.selinko.com/selinko/nginx-rails
ExecStop=/usr/bin/docker stop core_web
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

WHAT WE LEARNED
• Not a lightweight VM
• One process per container
• Data volumes
• Don’t run as root

FROM registry.selinko.com/selinko/ruby
COPY Gemfile Gemfile.lock /app/
RUN sudo apt-get update
RUN sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-
get install -yq --no-install-recommends build-
essential libpq-dev ruby-dev zlib1g-dev
RUN bundle install --retry 200
RUN sudo apt-get autoremove -yq --purge build-
essential libpq-dev ruby-dev zlib1g-dev xz-
utils
COPY . /app

FROM registry.selinko.com/selinko/ruby
COPY Gemfile Gemfile.lock /app/
RUN sudo apt-get update &&
sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-
get install -yq --no-install-recommends build-
essential libpq-dev ruby-dev zlib1g-dev &&
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* &&
bundle install --retry 200 &&
sudo apt-get autoremove -yq --purge build-
essential libpq-dev ruby-dev zlib1g-dev xz-
utils
COPY . /app

WHAT WE LEARNED
• Watch out for layers
• Image size is virtual

REPOSITORY VIRTUAL SIZE
debian 125.1 MB
registry.selinko.com/selinko/ruby 163.8 MB
registry.selinko.com/selinko/uwsgi-ruby 172.3 MB
selinko/short-url-dispatcher 224.2 MB
selinko/platform 581.2 MB
SUM 1266.6 MB ???

WHAT WE LEARNED
• Watch out for layers
• Image size is virtual
• No init:
• Signals
• Zombies
• When needed, use Tini (github.com/krallin/
tini)

WHAT WE LEARNED
• Dev convenience:
• Docker Compose wrapper
• IDE debugging
• Official images
• Entrypoints

WHAT WE LEARNED
• Links can break easily:
• Docker Compose: recreate
• systemd: BindsTo
• Alternative: SkyDNS

• Cost to use Docker properly:
• learning curve for ops
• learning curve for dev
• Evolves really fast
WHAT WE LEARNED
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Docker in practice

1. DOCKER IN PRACTICE SELINKO

2. SELINKO Belgian company based in LLN, with offices in Taiwan & Washington DC September 2012 Patrick Eischen • CEO Didier Delhez • CTO Gwen Festraets • VP Marketing & Communications Jean-Pierre Pirson • VP Sales 14 SELINKO S.A. LAUNCH FOUNDERS EMPLOYEES PARTNERS Inside Secure (International leader in contactless technology) Zetes (European leader in Track & Trace) MICROCHIPS TRACK & TRACE

3. SECURE IOT PLATFORM Connected objects Unique Digital Identity

4. OUR CONSTRAINTS •International brands •Mobile App •User Experience has to be fast •Great Firewall

5. WHY DO WE USE DOCKER? • 12 factors (12factor.net) • Setup automation • Portability • Reproducibility • Scalability • Security • Multiple regions • Microservices

6. HOW DO WE USE DOCKER? • Development: • Docker Machine • Docker Compose

7. MQCore DB Core App Short DB Core Worker Short App SMTP Core Web Short Web

10. HOW DO WE USE DOCKER? • Development: • Docker Machine • Docker Compose • Test: • Jenkins • Production: • CoreOS • systemd

11. [Unit] Description=Postgres After=docker.service Requires=docker.service [Service] TimeoutStartSec=0 ExecStartPre=−/usr/bin/docker kill postgres ExecStartPre=−/usr/bin/docker rm postgres ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker run −−name postgres −−volumes−from postgres_data postgres:9.4 ExecStop=/usr/bin/docker stop postgres [Install] WantedBy=multi−user.target

12. [Unit] Description=Selinko Platform Core Webserver After=core_app.service BindsTo=core_app.service [Service] TimeoutStartSec=0 ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/docker kill core_web ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/docker rm core_web ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker run --name core_web --volumes-from core_app:ro --link core_app:app registry.selinko.com/selinko/nginx-rails ExecStop=/usr/bin/docker stop core_web [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target

13. WHAT WE LEARNED • Not a lightweight VM • One process per container • Data volumes • Don’t run as root

14. WHAT WE LEARNED • Watch out for layers

15. FROM registry.selinko.com/selinko/ruby COPY Gemfile Gemfile.lock /app/ RUN sudo apt-get update RUN sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt- get install -yq --no-install-recommends build- essential libpq-dev ruby-dev zlib1g-dev RUN bundle install --retry 200 RUN sudo apt-get autoremove -yq --purge build- essential libpq-dev ruby-dev zlib1g-dev xz- utils COPY . /app

16. FROM registry.selinko.com/selinko/ruby COPY Gemfile Gemfile.lock /app/ RUN sudo apt-get update && sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt- get install -yq --no-install-recommends build- essential libpq-dev ruby-dev zlib1g-dev && sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* && bundle install --retry 200 && sudo apt-get autoremove -yq --purge build- essential libpq-dev ruby-dev zlib1g-dev xz- utils COPY . /app

17. WHAT WE LEARNED • Watch out for layers • Image size is virtual

18. REPOSITORY VIRTUAL SIZE debian 125.1 MB registry.selinko.com/selinko/ruby 163.8 MB registry.selinko.com/selinko/uwsgi-ruby 172.3 MB selinko/short-url-dispatcher 224.2 MB selinko/platform 581.2 MB SUM 1266.6 MB ???

19. REPOSITORY VIRTUAL SIZE debian 125.1 MB registry.selinko.com/selinko/ruby 163.8 MB registry.selinko.com/selinko/uwsgi-ruby 172.3 MB selinko/short-url-dispatcher 224.2 MB selinko/platform 581.2 MB SUM 633.1 MB o/ Debian Ruby uWSGI Short Debian Ruby uWSGI Platform

20. WHAT WE LEARNED • Watch out for layers • Image size is virtual • No init: • Signals • Zombies • When needed, use Tini (github.com/krallin/ tini)

21. WHAT WE LEARNED • Dev convenience: • Docker Compose wrapper • IDE debugging • Official images • Entrypoints

22. WHAT WE LEARNED • Links can break easily: • Docker Compose: recreate • systemd: BindsTo • Alternative: SkyDNS

23. • Cost to use Docker properly: • learning curve for ops • learning curve for dev • Evolves really fast WHAT WE LEARNED Everybody becomes DevOps!

24. THANK YOU!

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