Remote sensing satellites can detect and monitor physical characteristics of areas from space using reflected and emitted radiation. Communication satellites relay multiple signals simultaneously to distribute television and broadcast signals. Navigation satellites provide accurate positioning data to determine location, speed and direction of vehicles and aircraft. Weather satellites monitor global weather and climate either in polar orbits or geostationary orbits, and map phenomena like the Antarctic ozone hole. Earth observation satellites help monitor the environment, manage resources, and respond to disasters by providing data on ocean salinity, ice thickness, crop health, and air quality.