Dietetics 1

1. DIETARY MANAGEMENT OF
ARTHRITIS
1

2.  Presented to:
Dr. Madiha Ilyas
 Presented by:
Maria Sohail(18-34)
Maryam javaid(18-35)
Maryam Liaqat (18-36)
Muqaddas Ashraf(18-37)
Degree:
BS HND(5th semester)
Section (Morning)
Group#9
2

3. CONTENTS
 What is Arthritis?
 ABCD of Arthritis
 Signs and Symptoms
 Causes
 Types of Arthritis
 Dietary management of arthritis
Foods Included
Foods Avoided
 One day Diet plan
 Supplements for arthritis
 Hydration
 Dehydration and joint pain
 7 beverages to ease arthritis pain
3

4. WHAT IS ARTHRITIS?
 Arthritis is defined as inflammation of one or more joints,
leading to pain and stiffness that can worsen with age.
 There are as many as 100 types of arthritis with distinctive
symptoms and causes.
 Arthritis affects the joints, the tissue that surrounds the joint
and tissues connected with.
4

5. ABCDs of Arthritis
 ABCDs stands for:
 A-Alignment of bones
 B- Bones – bone
mineralization,erosions,fractures
 C- Cartilage – joint space
alignment and narrowing, joint
calcifications,
 D- Distribution of disease –
Some distribution of bone
involvement is characteristic for
certain diseases i.e. Hip and knee
osteoarthritis, gout,joint
rheumatoid arthritis,etc.
 S- Soft tissues – swelling and
calcifications
5

6. CAUSES ASSOCIATED WITH
ARTHRITIS
 There is no single cause of all types of arthritis.
 The cause or causes vary according to the type or form of
arthritis.
Possible causes may include:
 injury
 Degenerative gout and osteoarthritis diseases
 Abnormal metabolism
 Genetic
 Immune System Dysfunction
 Infection
 Vitamin D deficiency in joints
6

7. Signs and Symptoms of Arthritis
Symptoms of arthritis
include;
 joint pain, tenderness
and stiffness.
 Inflammation in and
around the joints.
 Restricted movement of
the joints.
 Warm red skin over the
affected joint.
 Weakness and muscle
wasting.
7

8. TYPES OF ARTHRITIS
 Following are the types of Arthritis:-
 Osteoarthritis
 Rheumatoid arthritis
 Gouty arthritis
 Juvenile Arthritis
8

9. OSTEOARTHRITIS
 A condition of “wear and tear” upon joints.
 Causes: age and injury
 In this type of arthritis,
 Cartilage: the cartilage (a tissue designed to cushion joints) wears out, and
either thins down or gets completely worn away in some areas.
 Bone: The underlying bone disintegrates; causing intense pain and even bony
spurs may grow around the edges of the joints.
 The next most important step in osteoarthritis is to lose excess weight. Every
5kgs of excess weight increases the risk of secondary osteoarthritis by 30%.
9

10. RHEOMATOID ARTHRITIS
 RA is not a condition of wear and tear.
 This is an auto-immune disorder in which the immune system
Mistakenly Attacks healthy tissue, causing inflammation that damages
the joints.
 Those suffering from rheumatoid arthritis may experience periods of
remission.
 Emotional stress and Damp weather do not cause arthritis but may
worsen the symptoms.
 There is no cure for this type of arthritis,
10

11. Cont...
 Some symptoms are:-
 Difficulty getting sleep
 Numbness
 Tingling in the hands and feet
 A rheumatoid factor test is done to determine if you are
suffering from this type of arthritis.
11

12. GOUT ARTHRITIS
 Gout is a type of arthritis that causes inflammation in joints.
 It usually develops in people with high levels of uric acid in
the blood.
 The first symptom of this arthritis is excruciating pain, especially
at the base of the big toe and eventually results in swelling.
 Those suffering from this type of arthritis must bring about some
lifestyle modifications such as
 changing their diet,
 exercising regularly
 cutting down on alcohol.
 Symptoms are severe pain and redness or swelling in the joints.
12

13. JUVENILE ARTHITIS
 It is the term used to describe arthritis or inflammation of
the joints in children
 It is an Autoimmune disorder
 Inflammation inside of the eye and growth problems may
also occur with juvenile arthritis.
13

14. DIETARY MANAGEMENT
When it comes to what we eat, things that have the
biggest impact on arthritis are:
 Your weight
 Balanced diet
 Keeping active
14

15. Cont…..
 Foods that help with arthritis:
 No specific food that will help with arthritis
 But certain foods help reduce their symptoms
 There are some foods, vitamins and nutrients to reduce
the chances of other health problems, which are covered in
the following section.
15

16. Omega 3
fatty acids
 This type of diet includes foods that
have lots of omega-3 fatty acids.
 Foods high in omega-3 fatty
acids include:
fatty fish like salmon, tuna
chia seeds
flax seeds
walnuts
16

17. Antioxidant
s
 Antioxidants, such as vitamins A, C,
and E, and selenium may also help
reduce inflammation.
 Foods high in antioxidants
include:
berries, such as blueberries and
strawberries
dark chocolate
Spinach
kidney beans
17

18. Fiber and
Flavonoids
 Eating lots of fiber is also
important. Fiber may help reduce
inflammation
 Choose whole grain foods, fresh
vegetables, and fresh fruit
 Foods containing flavonoids can
also help to counter inflammation in
the body. They include:
 soy products
 Berries
 green tea
 grapes
18

19. Spices
Curcumin
 spice turmeric
 Garlic
 reduce inflammation
 protect the cartilage in the joints
 Cinnamon, black cumin, onions,
black pepper, and fenugreek are also
believed to reduce inflammation
19

20. Mediterrane
an diet
Diet involves
 eating less red meat
 Less processed foods,
Focusing more on
 poultry,
 fish,
 plenty of fruit and vegetables,
 wholegrain cereals,
 peas and beans, nuts and seeds.
 Eating fruit and vegetable increases
antioxidants reduce inflammation
20

21. AVOID FOODS:
 Foods that cause inflammation
 These foods include:
 Sugar – can trigger the release of cytokines
 Saturated fat –
 Omega-6 fatty acids
21

22. BUSTING THREE ARTHRITIS FOOD MYTHS
Certain foods are bad for arthritis and that cutting them out
helps with their symptoms.
 Citrus fruits cause inflammation
 Nightshade vegetables cause inflammation
 Avoiding dairy helps with osteoarthritis
22

23. ONE DAY MEAL PLAN FOR ARTHRITIS
 Breakfast: Gingerbread oatmeal
(includes cinnamon, ground coriander, cloves, ground ginger, cardamom)
 AM snack: Ginger spiced pumpkin muffin
( Includes whole wheat flour, ginger, skim milk , canola oil)
 Lunch : Mediterranean tuna salad
(2, 5oz cans tuna packed in water, drained1/4 cup mayonnaise, minced red
onion, chopped fire roasted red peppers, fresh lemon juice, salt and pepper)
 Dinner: Curried potatoes with poached eggs
 PM snack: one cup of fresh berries
23

24. SUPPLEMENTATION FOR ARTHRITIS:
Several nutritional supplements have shown promise for
relieving pain, stiffness and other arthritis symptoms.
Some of these are:
 Glucosamine and chondroitin
 Omega-3 fatty acids
 SAM-e
 Curcumin
24

25. Cont…
GLUCOSAMINE AND CHONDROITIN:
 Glucosamine and chondroitin are two of the most
commonly used supplements for arthritis. They’re
components of cartilage.
 Glucosamine improved symptoms like pain and
function, but not much better than a placebo.
 Some evidence suggests glucosamine sulfate is best.
 Others find glucosamine hydrochloride to be more
effective.
25

26. Cont…
FISH OIL:
 The polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids found in fish
have potent anti-inflammatory properties.
 Omega-3 fats seem to work better for rheumatoid arthritis
than for osteoarthritis, most likely because rheumatoid
arthritis is mainly driven by inflammation.
 Plant-based sources such as flax and chia seeds also
contain omega-3s.
26

27. Cont…
SAM-e
 S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM-e) is a natural compound in
the body that has anti-inflammatory, cartilage-
protecting and pain-relieving effects.
 The typical SAM-e dose is 1,200 mg daily
27

28. Cont..
CURCUMIN:
 Curcumin is the active compound in the yellow-hued spice,
turmeric, which is a staple of Indian curries.
 In the body, it acts as a powerful anti-inflammatory agent,
blocking the same inflammation-promoting enzyme.
 A 1,500 mg daily dose of curcumin extract was as effective as
1,200 mg a day of ibuprofen, without the gastrointestinal side
effects.
 This supplement also appears to relieve RA swelling and
tenderness.
28

29.  Several vitamins have been studied for their effects on
arthritis, including the antioxidant vitamins A, C, and E,
and vitamins D and K.
 Vitamins D and K are both important for bone strength,
and vitamin K is involved in cartilage structure
VITAMINS
29

30. HYDRATION IN ARTHRITIS:
 Hydration is vital for flushing toxins out of your
body, which can help fight inflammation.
 Adequate water intake can help keep your joints well
lubricated and prevent gout attacks.
 8 glasses of fluid is the daily requirement of our body
and helps to prevent joint pain.
 Drinking water before a meal can also help you eat
less, promoting weight loss.
30

31. DEHYDRATION AND JOINT PAIN:
 Lack of hydration has been noted as a contributor of joint
pain.
 About 70-80% of your joint cartilage is made of water, so it
comes as no wonder why the lack of hydration is associated
with joint pain.
 The water content in cartilage is regulated by proteins that
become a gel-like consistency when they come into contact
with water.
 This gel-like liquid provides cushioning, lubrication, shock
absorption and nutrition to the cartilage in our joints.
31

32. 7 BEVERAGES TO EASE ARTHRITIS PAIN:
 Tea
 Milk
 Coffee
 Fresh juices
 Smoothies
 Red wine
 Water
32

33. 33