The document discusses the discipline of counseling, defining it as both an art and a science that considers both objective and subjective aspects. Counseling is described as an art that uses flexible, creative processes tailored to each client, and as a science requiring objective observation and inference skills. The document outlines various counseling goals including development, prevention, enhancement, exploration, and psychological goals. It also discusses individual, family, and group counseling approaches and scopes. Core values and ethical principles of counseling are autonomy, non-maleficence, justice, and fidelity. Counselors are encouraged to develop qualities like empathy, sincerity, integrity, resilience, and competence.

1. The Discipline of
Counseling

2. The Meaning of Counseling
Nystul (2003) defined counseling a
basically an art and science wherein
you endeavor to weigh the objective
and subjective facets of the
counseling process.

3. Counseling as an ART
It is the subjective
meaning of
counseling.
It upholds a flexible
and creative process
whereby the counselor
modifies the approach
to meet the developing
needs of the clients.

4. Counseling as a SCIENCE
The
objective
definition of
counseling.
It is about counselors
who are discerning
and possesses skills
to formulate
objective
observations and
inferences.

5. Guidance and Counseling Act of 2004
•Guidance and Counseling is the profession that
implicates the application of an integrated approach
to the development of a well functioning individual”
through the provision of support that aids and
individual to use his /her potentials to the fullest in
accord with his/her interests, needs and abilities.

6. AMERICAN COUNSELING
ASSOCIATION (ACA)
CONFERENCE
• Counseling is a
professional relationship
that empowers diverse
individuals, families and
groups to accomplish
mental health, wellness,
education and career
goals.

7. Activity 1. quiz number 1.
• Instruction:
1. If something is bothering you about life matters:
academics, relationships, family, identity and financial
concerns, with whom will you share your problem?
Will you pursue a formal and nonformal help? Why or
why not? Explain your answer.

8. GOALS OF COUNSELING
DEVELOPMENT
GOALS
- assist in meeting or
advancing the client’s
human growth and
development
including social,
personal, emotional,
cognitive and physical
wellness.
Preventive
Goals
- helps the
client avoid
some
undesired
outcome.
Enhancement
Goals-
enhance
special skills
and abilities.

9. GOALS OF COUNSELING
Remedial Goals
- assisting the
client to
overcome and
treat an
undesirable
development.
Exploratory Goals-
examining options,
testing of skills,
trying new and
different activities.
Psychological Goals-
aids in developing
good social
interaction skills,
learning emotional
control, and
developing positive
self- concept.

10. GOALS OF COUNSELING
Reinforcement
Goals
- Helps client in
recognizing that
what they are
thinking and doing
is fine.
Cognitive Goals-
Involves acquiring
the basic
foundation of
learning and
cognitive skills.
Physiological
Goals-
Involves acquiring
the basic
understanding and
habits for good
health.

11. Counseling Goals for Counselors:
GOAL DESPCRIPTION
INSIGHT Understanding the origins and
development of emotional difficulties,
leading to an increased capacity to
take rational control over feelings and
actions.

12. Counseling Goals for Counselors:
GOAL DESPCRIPTION
RELATING
WITH
OTHERS
Becoming better able to form and
maintain meaningful and satisfying
relationships with other people:
example within the family or
workplace

13. Counseling Goals for Counselors:
GOAL DESPCRIPTION
SELF-
AWARENESS
Becoming more aware of thoughts and
feelings that had been blocked off or
denied, or developing a more accurate
sense of how self is perceived by others.

14. Counseling Goals for Counselors:
GOAL DESPCRIPTION
SELF-
ACCEPTANCE
The development of a positive attitude
toward self, marked by an ability to
acknowledge areas of experience that
had been the subject of self-criticism and
rejection.

15. Counseling Goals for Counselors:
GOAL DESPCRIPTION
PROBLEM-
SOLVING
Finding a solution to a specific
problem that the client had not been
able to serve alone. Acquiring a
general competence in problem-
solving.

16. Counseling Goals for Counselors:
GOAL DESPCRIPTION
PSYCHOLOGICAL
EDUCATION
Enabling the client to acquire
ideas and techniques with which
to understand and control
behavior

17. Counseling Goals for Counselors:
GOAL DESPCRIPTION
PROBLEM-
SOLVING
Finding a solution to a specific problem
that the client had not been able to
serve alone. Acquiring a general
competence in problem-solving.

18. Counseling Goals for Counselors:
GOAL DESPCRIPTION
PSYCHOLOGICAL
EDUCATION
Enabling the client to acquire ideas and
techniques with which to understand and
control behavior

19. Counseling Goals for Counselors:
GOAL DESPCRIPTION
ACQUISITION
OF SOCIAL
SKILLS
Learning and mastering a social and
interpersonal skills such as maintenance
of eye contact, turn- taking in
conversations, assertiveness or anger
control

20. Counseling Goals for Counselors:
GOAL DESPCRIPTION
COGNITIVE
CHANGE
The modification or replacement of
irrational beliefs or maladaptive
thought patterns associated with
self-destructive patterns of behavior.

21. Counseling Goals for Counselors:
GOAL DESPCRIPTION
BEHAVIOR
CHANGE
The modification or replacement
of maladaptive or self-
destructive patterns of behavior.

22. Counseling Goals for Counselors:
GOAL DESPCRIPTION
SYSTEMATIC
CHANGE
Introducing change into the way in
that social systems operate

23. Counseling Goals for Counselors:
GOAL DESPCRIPTION
EMPOWERMENT Working on skills, awareness, and
knowledge that will enable the client
to take control of his or her own life.

24. Counseling Goals for Counselors:
GOAL DESPCRIPTION
RESTITUTION Helping the client to make
amends for previous destructive
behavior

25. Counseling Goals for Counselors:
GOAL DESPCRIPTION
GENERATIVITY Inspiring in the person a desire and
capacity to care for others and pass
on knowledge and to contribute to
the collective good through political
engagement and community work.

26. In what way will counseling empower me?
•“COUNSELINGAIMSTOEMPOWERTHECLIENTBYHELPING
HIM/HER MAKECRITICALDECISIONSINLIFE,DEVELOP
ABILITYTOCOPE,ENHANCEEFFECTIVENESS,ANDIMPROVE
QUALITYLIFE.“Mcleod2003

27. SCOPE OF
COUNSELING
COGNITIVE,
BEHAVIORAL,
SYSTEMMIC,
SOCIAL,
PSYCHOLOGICAL
AND OTHERS.

28. INDIVIDUAL
COUNSELING
depression, sexual
abuse, anxiety, gender,
relationships,
spirituality, ideology,
adolescent issues
loss, anxiety, anger,
stress, vocation,
studies, and others

29. FAMILY
COUNSELING
Jealousy,
money matters,
parenting,
remarriage
Divorce, family
dynamics,
transitions in life,
miscommunication

30. 4757-15-01 Scope of practice for licensed professional
counselor.
• (A) A licensed professional counselor may render to individuals, groups, organizations, or
the general public counseling services involving the application of clinical counseling
principles, methods, or procedures to assist individuals in achieving more effective
personal, social, educational, or career development and adjustment.
• (B) "Apply clinical counseling principles, methods, and procedures," means an approach to
counseling that emphasizes the counselor's role in systematically assisting clients through
all of the following: Assessing and analyzing emotional conditions, exploring possible
solutions, and developing and providing a treatment plan for mental and emotional
adjustment or development. It may include counseling, appraisal, consulting, supervision,
administration and referral.

31. 4757-15-01 Scope of practice for licensed professional
counselor.
• (C) Engage in the diagnosis and treatment of mental and emotional disorders
when under the supervision of a professional clinical counselor, psychologist,
psychiatrist, independent marriage and family therapist, or independent
social worker.
• (D) Provide training supervision for students and registered counselor
trainees when services are within their scope of practice, which does not
include supervision of the diagnosis and treatment of mental and emotional
disorders.

32. Ethical principles place emphasis on ethical
responsibilities, with counsellors being accountable for
any decisions. Ethical principles include:
• Fidelity (i.e. being trustworthy) – this is fundamental to
understanding and resolving incongruence.
• Autonomy – this principle emphasises the importance of respecting
and developing the client’s ability to be self-directing.
• Beneficence – acting in the best interests of the client, based on
professional assessment and working within one’s limits of
competence.

33. • Non-maleficence – the
responsibility to mitigate any
harm to clients.
• Justice – consideration of any legal
requirements and obligations, and
conflicts between legal and ethical
obligations.
• Self-respect – working towards
self-awareness and taking care of
the self. In other words,
counsellors need to apply all of the
above principles to themselves as
well as their clients.

34. CORE VALUES AND ETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF
COUNSELING
• Ethical Principles
These are the ideas that underpin both personal and professional codes.
1. AUTONOMY OF INDIVIDUALS
based on the right to freedom of action and freedom of choice in so far as the
pursuit of these freedom does not interfere with the freedom of others;
counseling cannot happen unless the client has made a free choice to
participate.

35. 2. PRINCIPLE OF
NONMALIFICENCE
 refers to the
instructions to all
helpers or healers that
they must, above all,
do no harm;

36. 3. PRINICIPLE OF JUSTICE
 concerned with the fair distribution of resources
and services, unless there is some acceptable
reason for treating them differently
 commitment to be fair goes beyond that of the
ordinary person; in view of the agreement to
promote worth and dignity of each individual,
counselors are required to be concerned with
equal treatment for all individuals.

37. 4. PRINCIPLE OF FIDELITY
 shares to the presence of loyalty,
reliability, dependability and actions in
good faith;
 the rule of confidentiality reveals the
importance of fidelity; entering into a
contract means to stay with the client
and give the case his/her efforts.

38. CORE VALUES AND ETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF
COUNSELING
• GENERAL MORAL THEORIES
The BACP Ethical Framework for Good Practice, drawing on
virtues perspective also identified a set of personal qualities that all
practitioners should possess: empathy, sincerity, integrity, resilience,
respect, humility, competence, fairness, wisd.om and courage

39. In terms of personal moral qualities, counsellors
are encouraged to towards:
• Empathy – being able to understand the clients
experience from their frame of reference.
• Sincerity – a personal commitment to consistency
between what is done and what is professed.
• Integrity – honest and coherent service provision.

41. In terms of personal moral qualities, counsellors
are encouraged to towards:
• Resilience – being capable of working with client concerns
without being personally diminished.
• Humility – accurate assessment and acknowledge of one’s
own strengths and weaknesses.
• Competence – effective deployment of the skills and
knowledge needed to be an ethical counsellor.