Diapositivas del sexto trabajo de ingles
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Neuropsychology studies the effects of injury or damage to the central nervous system on cognitive, psychological, and behavioral functions. It examines conditions like head injuries, strokes, tumors, and neurodegenerative diseases. Neuropsychology aims to evaluate the psychological and behavioral impacts of brain damage and relate them to affected anatomical areas and cognitive abilities in order to design effective rehabilitation programs.
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Meccanismi neurofisiologici dei disturbi degli stati di coscienza
di Paolo M. Rossini
Clinica Neurologica, Università Cattolica, Policlinico . Gemelli, Roma
Convegno "Le neuroscienze incontrano le altre discipline"
Padova, Palazzo del Bo
5 maggio 2011
Il convegno è promosso dall’Università di Padova e dal Dipartimento di Psicologia generale della stessa università, con il sostegno della Fondazione Sigma Tau e della Fondazione Giannino Bassetti.
Neurological symptoms
Neurological symptoms are caused by issues in the nervous system, which consists of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system. A neurologist is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the nervous system. They examine patients, order tests like MRI and EEG to evaluate the nervous system, diagnose conditions, develop treatment plans, and monitor patient progress. Some neurologists specialize in areas like headaches, tumors, development issues, or vascular disorders of the brain.
Changes in brain function during recovery of stroke patients
This document summarizes a study being conducted as part of Finland's Mind and Body research program. The study is investigating changes in brain function as stroke patients recover using novel brain imaging methods. Researchers from Aalto University and Helsinki University Central Hospital are collaborating with medical device company Elekta to study patients and develop new rehabilitation techniques. The results so far indicate that most changes in the brain occur within the first four weeks of recovery. The researchers hope to use these methods to develop more personalized rehabilitation programs and treatment comparisons to improve recovery outcomes for stroke patients.
Understanding brain course_final_project_hemispatial
Hemispatial neglect is defined as the inability to detect, orient or respond to sensory information from the side of space opposite a brain injury, usually in the right hemisphere. Common symptoms include not being aware of problems, denying issues with perception or movement on one side of the body. Treatment involves repeatedly reminding patients to look to the affected side and using fingers to guide reading. Common rehabilitation strategies include scanning training, prism adaptation, optokinetic stimulation and more. Damage to the right inferior parietal lobe, temporo-parietal junction, frontal lobes or subcortical areas like the thalamus can cause neglect.
Ablation & lesion
This document discusses ablation and lesion studies, which are methods used in physiological psychology to understand the relationship between brain functioning and behavior. Ablation involves deliberately damaging parts of the brain in experimental subjects, while lesions can occur naturally. By observing changes in behavior after damage to specific brain regions, inferences can be made about the functions of those regions. Different techniques for creating lesions are described, including aspiration, radiofrequency currents, and knife cuts. Interpreting the results requires care, as damage is not isolated to single brain structures.
6th nerve, Dr M Saquib
The abducens nerve is the sixth cranial nerve. It arises from the brainstem and exits through the subarachnoid space, piercing the dura mater. It travels through Dorello's canal and the cavernous sinus before innervating the lateral rectus muscle. Abducens nerve palsy presents with diplopia, the affected eye resting in adduction, and inability to abduct the eye. Common causes include space-occupying lesions, inflammation, diabetes, and trauma. Neuroimaging may be required to identify underlying causes if symptoms do not improve after 3 months.
Neurocritical care triad e Focused neurological examination, brain multimodal...
Intensive care is rightly described as “an art of managing
intense intricacy” and this situation is further complicated in
the care of patients with critical neurological illness owing to limited scope for clinical examination in view of altered
conscious levels.
Neuroassessment important neuro reflex’s in icu for nurses +rass score+tbi
its an small guide to assess the neuorological status with various pictures , it explains clearly about GCS, MUSCULAR POWER ASSESSMENT , PUPILLARY REACTION & IMPORTANT REFLEXES specially for nurses ....it has brief information about TBI PROTOCAL & RASS SCORE
Recommended
Meccanismi neurofisiologici dei disturbi degli stati di coscienza
di Paolo M. Rossini
Clinica Neurologica, Università Cattolica, Policlinico . Gemelli, Roma
Convegno "Le neuroscienze incontrano le altre discipline"
Padova, Palazzo del Bo
5 maggio 2011
Il convegno è promosso dall’Università di Padova e dal Dipartimento di Psicologia generale della stessa università, con il sostegno della Fondazione Sigma Tau e della Fondazione Giannino Bassetti.
Neurological symptoms
Neurological symptoms are caused by issues in the nervous system, which consists of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system. A neurologist is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the nervous system. They examine patients, order tests like MRI and EEG to evaluate the nervous system, diagnose conditions, develop treatment plans, and monitor patient progress. Some neurologists specialize in areas like headaches, tumors, development issues, or vascular disorders of the brain.
Changes in brain function during recovery of stroke patients
This document summarizes a study being conducted as part of Finland's Mind and Body research program. The study is investigating changes in brain function as stroke patients recover using novel brain imaging methods. Researchers from Aalto University and Helsinki University Central Hospital are collaborating with medical device company Elekta to study patients and develop new rehabilitation techniques. The results so far indicate that most changes in the brain occur within the first four weeks of recovery. The researchers hope to use these methods to develop more personalized rehabilitation programs and treatment comparisons to improve recovery outcomes for stroke patients.
Understanding brain course_final_project_hemispatial
Hemispatial neglect is defined as the inability to detect, orient or respond to sensory information from the side of space opposite a brain injury, usually in the right hemisphere. Common symptoms include not being aware of problems, denying issues with perception or movement on one side of the body. Treatment involves repeatedly reminding patients to look to the affected side and using fingers to guide reading. Common rehabilitation strategies include scanning training, prism adaptation, optokinetic stimulation and more. Damage to the right inferior parietal lobe, temporo-parietal junction, frontal lobes or subcortical areas like the thalamus can cause neglect.
Ablation & lesion
This document discusses ablation and lesion studies, which are methods used in physiological psychology to understand the relationship between brain functioning and behavior. Ablation involves deliberately damaging parts of the brain in experimental subjects, while lesions can occur naturally. By observing changes in behavior after damage to specific brain regions, inferences can be made about the functions of those regions. Different techniques for creating lesions are described, including aspiration, radiofrequency currents, and knife cuts. Interpreting the results requires care, as damage is not isolated to single brain structures.
6th nerve, Dr M Saquib
The abducens nerve is the sixth cranial nerve. It arises from the brainstem and exits through the subarachnoid space, piercing the dura mater. It travels through Dorello's canal and the cavernous sinus before innervating the lateral rectus muscle. Abducens nerve palsy presents with diplopia, the affected eye resting in adduction, and inability to abduct the eye. Common causes include space-occupying lesions, inflammation, diabetes, and trauma. Neuroimaging may be required to identify underlying causes if symptoms do not improve after 3 months.
Neurocritical care triad e Focused neurological examination, brain multimodal...
Intensive care is rightly described as “an art of managing
intense intricacy” and this situation is further complicated in
the care of patients with critical neurological illness owing to limited scope for clinical examination in view of altered
conscious levels.
Neuroassessment important neuro reflex’s in icu for nurses +rass score+tbi
its an small guide to assess the neuorological status with various pictures , it explains clearly about GCS, MUSCULAR POWER ASSESSMENT , PUPILLARY REACTION & IMPORTANT REFLEXES specially for nurses ....it has brief information about TBI PROTOCAL & RASS SCORE
Pathophysiology of retrogradeamnesia
PREPARED BY: MUHAMMAD ARIFF B. MAHDZUB
BACHELOR MEDICINE AND SURGERY (MBBS)
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE SHAHPUTRA, KUANTAN
History of Neuroscience
This document provides a history of the field of neuroscience from ancient times to present day. It discusses early studies of the brain dating back to ancient Egyptians and Greeks like Hippocrates and Aristotle. Key developments included the formalization of brain anatomy in the 1500s and discoveries in the 1700-1800s linking electricity and nerves. The 19th century saw localization of brain functions and emergence of cellular neuroscience. Today, neuroscience encompasses diverse levels of analysis and fields like molecular, cognitive and behavioral neuroscience. The document outlines the roles of modern neuroscientists in medical specialties and experimental research related to the nervous system.
HISTORY OF NEUROSCIENCE
Neuroscience is an interdisciplinary field that studies the nervous system. The ancient Greeks were early contributors, attempting to understand the brain and explain neural disorders. In the 19th century, scientists like Broca, von Hemholtz, and Golgi made important discoveries about the structure and function of neurons. Their work led to the understanding that neurons are independent nerve cell units and laid the foundation for modern neuroscience. Today, neuroscience has many branches that study topics like emotions, behavior, language, and disorders from molecular to cognitive levels in order to better understand the brain and nervous system and develop new treatments.
Hanipsych, eye as a window for brain
The document discusses how examining the eyes can provide insights into mental health conditions. It describes how optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be used to image the retina and optic nerve, revealing changes associated with disorders such as multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Electroretinography is also discussed as a potential tool for identifying individuals at risk of developing schizophrenia by measuring the retina's response to light. Overall, the document outlines how the eye can act as a "window to the brain" and how its examination has potential for improving diagnosis and monitoring of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.
Trochlear nerve
The trochlear nerve is a motor nerve that arises from the midbrain and is the only cranial nerve that crosses to the other side of the brain. It innervates the superior oblique eye muscle and is involved in eye movement. Lesions or damage to the trochlear nerve can cause weakness of the superior oblique muscle resulting in symptoms like hyperdeviation of the eye, limited eye movement, and double vision when looking downward. The most common causes of trochlear nerve palsy are congenital, traumatic injury, and idiopathic.
Helsinki microsurgery basics and tricks
The document describes a book titled "Helsinki Microneurosurgery: Basics and Tricks" written by Martin Lehecka, Aki Laakso, and Juha Hernesniemi. It provides background on the Department of Neurosurgery at Helsinki University Central Hospital, which has become a top destination for neurosurgeons worldwide to learn microneurosurgery. The book aims to share Helsinki's conceptual approach and present basic microneurosurgical principles and techniques. It covers topics such as anesthesia, operating room setup, common neurosurgical approaches, and the Helsinki style of microneurosurgery.
Helsinki microneurosurgery
One of the best microneurosurgical course in Finland.
Microneurosurgery Neurosurgery" by Professor Juha Herneismeni
Oculomotor nerve
The oculomotor nerve (3rd cranial nerve) is entirely motor and supplies several extraocular muscles and the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. It has nuclei located in the midbrain and courses through the fascicular, basilar, intracavernous, and intraorbital regions. Common causes of oculomotor nerve palsy include vascular issues like aneurysms and diabetes, neoplasms, trauma, and idiopathic cases. A complete oculomotor nerve palsy presents with ptosis, limitation of eye movements, and potentially a dilated pupil. Evaluation involves assessing pupil involvement and testing for underlying causes. Management consists of treating any identified cause as well as addressing diplopia.
Medicina felina semiologie féline - examen nerveux
This document provides guidance on performing a neurological examination on cats to localize neurological lesions. It describes observing the cat's mentation, posture and gait. It then details examining the cranial nerves through tests like the menace response and pupillary light reflex. It also covers assessing spinal reflexes, cutaneous sensation, and pain perception. The goal is to integrate these examination findings to determine if there is a neurological abnormality and specifically localize it within the central or peripheral nervous system.
Biopsychology Chart I
This document summarizes six divisions of biopsychology: physiological psychology, psychopharmacology, neuropsychology, psychophysiology, cognitive neuroscience, and comparative psychology. For each division, it outlines the mechanism of action/memory, purpose, typical subjects, and key parameters. Physiological psychology directly manipulates animal brains to study memory mechanisms. Psychopharmacology investigates drug effects on the brain in animals and humans. Neuropsychology studies brain damage in humans through case studies. Psychophysiology examines the relationship between physiological activity and psychology in humans. Cognitive neuroscience uses brain imaging to observe memory in humans. Comparative psychology compares species' behaviors to understand evolution and adaptation.
Oculomotor Nerve Palsy
This document provides an overview of oculomotor nerve palsy (third cranial nerve palsy). It discusses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, etiology, clinical features, evaluation, differential diagnosis, management, and prognosis. The third cranial nerve controls several eye muscles and the pupil. Lesions can occur along different parts of the nerve from supranuclear to intraorbital portions. Common causes include vascular ischemia, trauma, tumors, and idiopathic. Clinical features may include ptosis, eye deviation, pupil involvement, and diplopia. Evaluation depends on whether the palsy is pupil-sparing or not. Management focuses on treating underlying causes and symptoms, while prognosis is usually good
C-CEBH__ Current Trainees_2015
Aminah Sheikh's research focuses on understanding the neural mechanisms underlying abnormal brain development that result from early brain injuries. Using a neonatal rat model of hypoxia-ischemia, she investigates how these injuries damage subplate neurons in the developing brain and alter the maturation of brain circuits. Her work aims to identify targets for therapies to prevent long-term cognitive impairment resulting from neonatal brain damage.
Cognitive Neuropsychology and Functional Brain Imaging: Implications for func...
The document discusses how cognitive neuropsychology uses functional brain imaging techniques and data from patients with brain lesions to inform models of normal cognition and its neural underpinnings. Functional imaging allows more precise localization of brain areas involved in cognitive tasks compared to other neuropsychological methods. While early models linked specific cognitive functions to brain regions based on patient data, modern approaches recognize interactive and distributed neural systems and acknowledge limitations of making inferences from single cases or accidental brain lesions.
Neuro assessment for nurses
Neurological assessments are important for monitoring patients' neurological status. Key reflexes include pupillary reaction, motor function, and vital signs. The Glasgow Coma Scale assesses eye opening, verbal response, and motor response on a scale of 3 to 15. The AVPU scale rapidly measures consciousness. Pupillary reaction provides information about intracranial pressure and should be round and reactive to light. Motor response examines limb strength. Brainstem reflexes like the pupillary, corneal, gag, cough, doll's eye, and caloric testing help assess brainstem function. The doll's eye reflex checks if eyes remain stationary with head movement while caloric testing assesses eye movement in response to cold water in the ear. Neurological
Brain resting-state activity in patients with vision loss due to visual syste...
The document summarizes a study examining ongoing brain activity in patients with damage to the visual system. Nineteen patients with partial vision loss and thirteen control subjects underwent EEG recordings to characterize resting state visual cortex activity and relate it to perception. Results showed that in patients, resting high alpha activity in the visual cortex exhibited lower amplitudes and less complex, more noise-like temporal patterns compared to controls. Spontaneous cortical synchronization was also related to perceptual abilities, suggesting visual system lesions impair functional brain activity even in intact cortex.
Talking psychiatry...Functional neuroimaging of schizophrenia
This document discusses studies using neuroimaging techniques like PET, SPECT, and fMRI to study cerebral metabolism, blood flow, and neuroreceptor functioning in schizophrenia. Early studies found abnormalities in frontal lobe activity and the anterior-posterior gradient in patients. Subsequent studies found greater differences between patients and controls when assessing brain activity during cognitive tasks rather than at rest. Tasks probing memory, language, and executive function have revealed impairments in associated brain regions in patients. The relationship between symptoms and metabolism in temporal and basal ganglia regions is still unclear. Neuroleptic-naive and first-episode patients have provided insights with fewer confounding factors.
Testing for the carry-over loss time period of SCI patients via FES in conjun...
This document discusses functional electrical stimulation (FES) therapy for patients with spinal cord injuries or stroke. It aims to determine if there is a correlation between the duration of FES therapy and how long the "carryover effect" persists. The carryover effect is when patients regain some motor function after therapy ends thought to be from muscle memory retraining. Patients with foot drop will undergo FES therapy for varying durations from 6 months to 1 year. An algorithm will assess their capacity scores before, during, and after therapy to detect if and when the carryover effect occurs. The study hopes to identify a time frame for FES therapy that maximizes the chances of patients regaining voluntary motor control after treatment ends.
Neurophysiology part 7 Balance and Movement
This document discusses balance and movement as they relate to lesions in the central nervous system. It focuses on how damage to areas of the central nervous system can disrupt a person's ability to maintain their balance and coordinate their movements. Lesions in different areas of the central nervous system each impact balance and motor function in distinct ways.
Neurodynamics, mobilization of nervous system, neural mobilization
This is the presentation which was delivered to third year Bachelor of Physiotherapy students at Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS), Dhulikhel, Nepal. Different schools of thoughts in manual therapy are the part of curriculum for the undergraduate students at KUSMS.
Neurology
This document discusses the anatomy and organization of the nervous system. It covers the central nervous system (CNS), peripheral nervous system (PNS), and autonomic nervous system (ANS) including the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. Neuroanatomy is the study of the structure of the nervous system, while neurophysiology is the study of its function. Neuropsychology examines the effects of brain injury or disease on cognition, behavior, and emotion. Common neuropsychological evaluation techniques include lumbar puncture, angiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) scans.
Glossary Brain and its cognitive fucntions
This document provides an overview of key concepts related to the brain and consciousness. It is divided into six sections that cover neurobiology and anatomy, cognitive neuroscience and function, imaging and measurement techniques, disorders and abnormalities, applied neuroscience and technology, and specialized concepts. Some of the main topics discussed include neurons, synapses, neurotransmitters, neural plasticity, cognition, executive function, fMRI, EEG, neurological disorders, brain-computer interfaces, the default mode network, and consciousness studies.
Brain power point
The document discusses the central nervous system (CNS) which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) which works with the CNS and transmits data between the body and brain. It describes neurological disorders which involve damage or disease to the nervous system and can cause symptoms like tremors or loss of movement. Finally, it covers treatment options for neurological disorders like physical therapy and prevention through support systems and minimizing stress.
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Pathophysiology of retrogradeamnesia
PREPARED BY: MUHAMMAD ARIFF B. MAHDZUB
BACHELOR MEDICINE AND SURGERY (MBBS)
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE SHAHPUTRA, KUANTAN
History of Neuroscience
This document provides a history of the field of neuroscience from ancient times to present day. It discusses early studies of the brain dating back to ancient Egyptians and Greeks like Hippocrates and Aristotle. Key developments included the formalization of brain anatomy in the 1500s and discoveries in the 1700-1800s linking electricity and nerves. The 19th century saw localization of brain functions and emergence of cellular neuroscience. Today, neuroscience encompasses diverse levels of analysis and fields like molecular, cognitive and behavioral neuroscience. The document outlines the roles of modern neuroscientists in medical specialties and experimental research related to the nervous system.
HISTORY OF NEUROSCIENCE
Neuroscience is an interdisciplinary field that studies the nervous system. The ancient Greeks were early contributors, attempting to understand the brain and explain neural disorders. In the 19th century, scientists like Broca, von Hemholtz, and Golgi made important discoveries about the structure and function of neurons. Their work led to the understanding that neurons are independent nerve cell units and laid the foundation for modern neuroscience. Today, neuroscience has many branches that study topics like emotions, behavior, language, and disorders from molecular to cognitive levels in order to better understand the brain and nervous system and develop new treatments.
Hanipsych, eye as a window for brain
The document discusses how examining the eyes can provide insights into mental health conditions. It describes how optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be used to image the retina and optic nerve, revealing changes associated with disorders such as multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Electroretinography is also discussed as a potential tool for identifying individuals at risk of developing schizophrenia by measuring the retina's response to light. Overall, the document outlines how the eye can act as a "window to the brain" and how its examination has potential for improving diagnosis and monitoring of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.
Trochlear nerve
The trochlear nerve is a motor nerve that arises from the midbrain and is the only cranial nerve that crosses to the other side of the brain. It innervates the superior oblique eye muscle and is involved in eye movement. Lesions or damage to the trochlear nerve can cause weakness of the superior oblique muscle resulting in symptoms like hyperdeviation of the eye, limited eye movement, and double vision when looking downward. The most common causes of trochlear nerve palsy are congenital, traumatic injury, and idiopathic.
Helsinki microsurgery basics and tricks
The document describes a book titled "Helsinki Microneurosurgery: Basics and Tricks" written by Martin Lehecka, Aki Laakso, and Juha Hernesniemi. It provides background on the Department of Neurosurgery at Helsinki University Central Hospital, which has become a top destination for neurosurgeons worldwide to learn microneurosurgery. The book aims to share Helsinki's conceptual approach and present basic microneurosurgical principles and techniques. It covers topics such as anesthesia, operating room setup, common neurosurgical approaches, and the Helsinki style of microneurosurgery.
Helsinki microneurosurgery
One of the best microneurosurgical course in Finland.
Microneurosurgery Neurosurgery" by Professor Juha Herneismeni
Oculomotor nerve
The oculomotor nerve (3rd cranial nerve) is entirely motor and supplies several extraocular muscles and the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. It has nuclei located in the midbrain and courses through the fascicular, basilar, intracavernous, and intraorbital regions. Common causes of oculomotor nerve palsy include vascular issues like aneurysms and diabetes, neoplasms, trauma, and idiopathic cases. A complete oculomotor nerve palsy presents with ptosis, limitation of eye movements, and potentially a dilated pupil. Evaluation involves assessing pupil involvement and testing for underlying causes. Management consists of treating any identified cause as well as addressing diplopia.
Medicina felina semiologie féline - examen nerveux
This document provides guidance on performing a neurological examination on cats to localize neurological lesions. It describes observing the cat's mentation, posture and gait. It then details examining the cranial nerves through tests like the menace response and pupillary light reflex. It also covers assessing spinal reflexes, cutaneous sensation, and pain perception. The goal is to integrate these examination findings to determine if there is a neurological abnormality and specifically localize it within the central or peripheral nervous system.
Biopsychology Chart I
This document summarizes six divisions of biopsychology: physiological psychology, psychopharmacology, neuropsychology, psychophysiology, cognitive neuroscience, and comparative psychology. For each division, it outlines the mechanism of action/memory, purpose, typical subjects, and key parameters. Physiological psychology directly manipulates animal brains to study memory mechanisms. Psychopharmacology investigates drug effects on the brain in animals and humans. Neuropsychology studies brain damage in humans through case studies. Psychophysiology examines the relationship between physiological activity and psychology in humans. Cognitive neuroscience uses brain imaging to observe memory in humans. Comparative psychology compares species' behaviors to understand evolution and adaptation.
Oculomotor Nerve Palsy
This document provides an overview of oculomotor nerve palsy (third cranial nerve palsy). It discusses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, etiology, clinical features, evaluation, differential diagnosis, management, and prognosis. The third cranial nerve controls several eye muscles and the pupil. Lesions can occur along different parts of the nerve from supranuclear to intraorbital portions. Common causes include vascular ischemia, trauma, tumors, and idiopathic. Clinical features may include ptosis, eye deviation, pupil involvement, and diplopia. Evaluation depends on whether the palsy is pupil-sparing or not. Management focuses on treating underlying causes and symptoms, while prognosis is usually good
C-CEBH__ Current Trainees_2015
Aminah Sheikh's research focuses on understanding the neural mechanisms underlying abnormal brain development that result from early brain injuries. Using a neonatal rat model of hypoxia-ischemia, she investigates how these injuries damage subplate neurons in the developing brain and alter the maturation of brain circuits. Her work aims to identify targets for therapies to prevent long-term cognitive impairment resulting from neonatal brain damage.
Cognitive Neuropsychology and Functional Brain Imaging: Implications for func...
The document discusses how cognitive neuropsychology uses functional brain imaging techniques and data from patients with brain lesions to inform models of normal cognition and its neural underpinnings. Functional imaging allows more precise localization of brain areas involved in cognitive tasks compared to other neuropsychological methods. While early models linked specific cognitive functions to brain regions based on patient data, modern approaches recognize interactive and distributed neural systems and acknowledge limitations of making inferences from single cases or accidental brain lesions.
Neuro assessment for nurses
Neurological assessments are important for monitoring patients' neurological status. Key reflexes include pupillary reaction, motor function, and vital signs. The Glasgow Coma Scale assesses eye opening, verbal response, and motor response on a scale of 3 to 15. The AVPU scale rapidly measures consciousness. Pupillary reaction provides information about intracranial pressure and should be round and reactive to light. Motor response examines limb strength. Brainstem reflexes like the pupillary, corneal, gag, cough, doll's eye, and caloric testing help assess brainstem function. The doll's eye reflex checks if eyes remain stationary with head movement while caloric testing assesses eye movement in response to cold water in the ear. Neurological
Brain resting-state activity in patients with vision loss due to visual syste...
The document summarizes a study examining ongoing brain activity in patients with damage to the visual system. Nineteen patients with partial vision loss and thirteen control subjects underwent EEG recordings to characterize resting state visual cortex activity and relate it to perception. Results showed that in patients, resting high alpha activity in the visual cortex exhibited lower amplitudes and less complex, more noise-like temporal patterns compared to controls. Spontaneous cortical synchronization was also related to perceptual abilities, suggesting visual system lesions impair functional brain activity even in intact cortex.
Talking psychiatry...Functional neuroimaging of schizophrenia
This document discusses studies using neuroimaging techniques like PET, SPECT, and fMRI to study cerebral metabolism, blood flow, and neuroreceptor functioning in schizophrenia. Early studies found abnormalities in frontal lobe activity and the anterior-posterior gradient in patients. Subsequent studies found greater differences between patients and controls when assessing brain activity during cognitive tasks rather than at rest. Tasks probing memory, language, and executive function have revealed impairments in associated brain regions in patients. The relationship between symptoms and metabolism in temporal and basal ganglia regions is still unclear. Neuroleptic-naive and first-episode patients have provided insights with fewer confounding factors.
Testing for the carry-over loss time period of SCI patients via FES in conjun...
This document discusses functional electrical stimulation (FES) therapy for patients with spinal cord injuries or stroke. It aims to determine if there is a correlation between the duration of FES therapy and how long the "carryover effect" persists. The carryover effect is when patients regain some motor function after therapy ends thought to be from muscle memory retraining. Patients with foot drop will undergo FES therapy for varying durations from 6 months to 1 year. An algorithm will assess their capacity scores before, during, and after therapy to detect if and when the carryover effect occurs. The study hopes to identify a time frame for FES therapy that maximizes the chances of patients regaining voluntary motor control after treatment ends.
Neurophysiology part 7 Balance and Movement
This document discusses balance and movement as they relate to lesions in the central nervous system. It focuses on how damage to areas of the central nervous system can disrupt a person's ability to maintain their balance and coordinate their movements. Lesions in different areas of the central nervous system each impact balance and motor function in distinct ways.
Neurodynamics, mobilization of nervous system, neural mobilization
This is the presentation which was delivered to third year Bachelor of Physiotherapy students at Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS), Dhulikhel, Nepal. Different schools of thoughts in manual therapy are the part of curriculum for the undergraduate students at KUSMS.
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Medicina felina semiologie féline - examen nerveux
Medicina felina semiologie féline - examen nerveux
Cognitive Neuropsychology and Functional Brain Imaging: Implications for func...
Cognitive Neuropsychology and Functional Brain Imaging: Implications for func...
Brain resting-state activity in patients with vision loss due to visual syste...
Brain resting-state activity in patients with vision loss due to visual syste...
Talking psychiatry...Functional neuroimaging of schizophrenia
Talking psychiatry...Functional neuroimaging of schizophrenia
Testing for the carry-over loss time period of SCI patients via FES in conjun...
Testing for the carry-over loss time period of SCI patients via FES in conjun...
Neurodynamics, mobilization of nervous system, neural mobilization
Neurodynamics, mobilization of nervous system, neural mobilization
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The five major divisions of the brain are the telencephalon, the.docx
The five major divisions of the brain are the telencephalon, the diencephalon, the mesencephalon, the metencephalon, and the myelencephalon.
The telencephalon, which is the human brain's largest division, is responsible for mediating the most complex functions of the brain (Pinel, 2011). It is responsible for initiating voluntary movement, interprets sensory input, and mediates complex cognitive processes such as speaking, problem solving, and learning (Pinel, 2011).
The diencephalon is a divison of the human brain, which is composed of the thalamus and the hypothalamus. The thalamus has sensory relay nuclei, which receive signals from sensory receptors, then processes the signals, and transmits those signals to the designated areas of the sensory cortex (Pinel, 2011). The hypothalamus plays a role in regulating several motivated behaviors by regulating the release of hormones from the pituitary gland (Pinel, 2011).
The mesencephalon is a division that is comprised of two divisions, which are the tectum and the tegmentum. The tectum is composed of the inferior colliculi, which have an auditory function, and the superior colliculi, which have a visual function (Pinel, 2011). The tegmentum contains three structures, which are the periaqueductal gray, the substantia nigra, and the red nucleus. The periaqueductal gray has a role in mediating the analgesic (pain-reducing) effects of opiate drugs (Pinel, 2011). The substantia nigra and the red nucleus are important components of the sensorimotor system (Pinel, 2011).
The metencephalon is a division that has two major divisions, which are the pons and the cerebellum. The cerebellum is a sensorimotor structure, which function is sensorimotor control.
The myelencephalon, also referred to as the medulla, is the most posterior division of the brain (Pinel, 2011). It plays a role in arousal and is responsible for functions such as sleep, movement, attention, the maintenance of muscle tone, and various cardiac, circulatory, and respiratory reflexes (Pinel, 2011).
Reference
Pinel, J.P.J. (2011). Biopsychology (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
Anatomy of the
Nervous System
Systems, Structures,
and Cells That Make Up
Your Nervous System
3.1 General Layout of the Nervous System
3.2 Cells of the Nervous System
3.3 Neuroanatomical Techniques and Directions
3.4 Spinal Cord
3.5 Five Major Divisions of the Brain
3.6 Major Structures of the Brain
3
IS
B
N
0-558-78571-9
Biopsychology, Eighth Edition, by John P.J. Pinel. Published by Allyn & Bacon. Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc.
In order to understand what the brain does, it is firstnecessary to understand what it is—to know the namesand locations of its major parts and how they are con-
nected to one another. This chapter introduces you to
these fundamentals of brain anatomy.
Before you begin this chapter, I want to apologize for
the lack of foresight displayed by early neuroanatomists
in their choice of names for ...
Anatomy and physiology of the nervous system
The document provides information on the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system. It discusses the three main parts of the nervous system: central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), peripheral nervous system (cranial and spinal nerves), and autonomic nervous system (sympathetic and parasympathetic). It describes the structures and lobes of the brain. It also outlines the general functions of the nervous system in controlling the body, receiving stimuli, and determining responses. The document then discusses assessment and examination of the nervous system, including consciousness, cranial nerves, motor skills, sensation, and reflexes. Finally, it covers various diagnostic tests and evaluations like CT scans, MRI, EEGs, and lumbar punctures to analyze CSF.
NEUROTRANSMITTERS.pptx
This slide talks about neuroplasticity, the central nervous system, the brain and its structure, the spinal cord, autonomic nervous system, its functions, nervous system and learning, neurotransmitters, working of neurotransmitters, classification, types of neurotransmitters, neurotransmitters in learning and limbic system in learning.
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UNDERSTANDING WHAT IS NEUROPATHOLOGY.pptx
Neuropathology is the study of diseases of the nervous system including the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It involves examining brain anatomy to accurately diagnose abnormalities. Some common neuropathological disorders studied are Alzheimer's disease, characterized by memory loss and cognitive decline primarily in older adults, and Parkinson's disease, which affects movement and is caused by degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons. Neuropathologists use techniques such as histopathology, immunohistochemistry, molecular diagnostics, and neuroimaging to examine tissues, identify cell types, understand disease mechanisms, and detect genetic changes associated with disease.
Introduction Nervous system is the main controlling and.pdf
The nervous system is the main regulatory and communication system of the human body. It consists of neurons which send and receive signals. The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord, and coordinates with the peripheral nervous system to control bodily functions and respond to external stimuli. Memory and learning are influenced by different regions of the brain like the hippocampus, amygdala and prefrontal cortex. Reflex arcs provide involuntary responses through sensory and motor neurons that protect the body from injury.
Nervous System Vs PNS
The document discusses the peripheral nervous system (PNS). It states that the PNS is made up of sensory and motor neurons that transmit messages between the central nervous system (CNS) and the rest of the body. The PNS is divided into the somatic and autonomic nervous systems. The somatic system transmits messages about external stimuli like sight and sound to the CNS. It allows humans to control voluntary actions. The document provides a brief overview of the key components and functions of the PNS.
BIOL2411 Human Anatomy And Physiology.docx
The document discusses the structure and function of the nervous system. It describes the general structure of neurons, including axons, dendrites and synapses. It explains how the central nervous system (CNS) coordinates with the peripheral nervous system (PNS) to receive sensory information and respond. It also discusses the importance of reflex arcs in generating involuntary reactions to prevent injury. Finally, it outlines how different parts of the brain, such as the hippocampus, amygdala and prefrontal cortex, influence memory and learning.
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The five major divisions of the brain are the telencephalon, the.docx
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PhysiQure Chest, Trauma, and Neurology Hospital in Sagar
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Introduction Nervous system is the main controlling and.pdf
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Cardiovascular surgery is a medical specialty that uses surgical techniques to treat cardiac pathologies that cannot be addressed with drugs or minor procedures. The goal is typically to reduce symptoms and improve quality of life, rather than achieve a complete resolution, through techniques like bypass surgery and heart valve repair/replacement. Bypass surgery involves using veins or arteries to create a vascular bridge around a blocked artery and restore blood flow. Valve surgery repairs or replaces diseased valves to improve blood flow through the heart. Heart transplantation may be recommended to treat severe angina, heart failure, congenital heart defects, or potentially fatal heart rhythm issues, but is not advised for patients over 60, with certain medical issues, or who smoke or use drugs.
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Abre esto
Este grupo se dirige a personas que tienen trabajos relacionados con la cirugía y buscan compartirlos o discutirlos, ya que el propósito del grupo es que las personas suban sus trabajos sobre este tema.
Inglés 22,11,11
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Diapositivas del sexto trabajo de ingles
- 3. Study of the anatomy and organization of the nervous system.
- 9. Branch of physiology that studies the nervous system function
- 11. Neuropsychology is a discipline fundamentally clinical, which converges between neurology and psychology.
- 12. Neuropsychology studies the effects of injury, damage or malfunction in the central nervous system structures in the cognitive, psychological, emotional and individual behavior.
- 13. Head injury Stroke Brain tumors Neurodegenerative diseases(Alzhemier, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson, etc.) Developmental diseases(Epilepsy, cerebral palsy, attention deficit,hyperactivity)
- 16. Is the evaluation of psychological and behavioral effects of brain damage in a person to detect and establish a relationship between the anatomical areas and cognitive functions affected in order to delineate a neuropsychological rehabilitation program relevant to the case.
- 18. The most common purpose for a lumbar puncture is to collect cerebrospinal fluid in a case of suspected meningitis.
- 20. Magnetic resonance of a head