Type 2 diabetes is caused by insulin resistance where cells don't use insulin properly and the pancreas can't keep up with producing enough insulin. Risk factors include genetics, excess weight, inactivity, and diet. Symptoms may include increased thirst, urination, blurred vision, and fatigue. A diagnosis involves blood tests measuring glucose levels, including an A1C, fasting plasma glucose test, or oral glucose tolerance test. Managing diabetes through medication, monitoring blood sugar, diet, and exercise can help prevent complications to the heart, kidneys, eyes, nerves, and other organs.

1. Diabetes type 2
Causes:
People with type 2 diabetes make insulin, but their
cells don't use it as well as they should. Doctors call
this insulin resistance.
At first, the pancreas makes more insulin to try to get
glucose into the cells. But eventually it can't keep up,
and the sugar builds up in your blood instead

2. Usually a combination of things cause
type 2 diabetes, including:
1)Genes
2)Extra weight
3) Metabolic syndrome
4) Too much glucose from your liver.
5)Bad communication between cells.
6)Broken beta cells

3. Risk Factors and Prevention:
While certain things make getting diabetes more likely,
they won't give you the disease. But the more that apply
to you, the higher your chances of getting it are.
Some things you can't control.
-Age: 45 or older
-Family: A parent, sister, or brother with diabetes
-Ethnicity: African-American, Alaska Native, Native
American, Asian-American, Hispanic or Latino, or Pacific
Islander-American
-Some things are related to your health and medical
history. Your doctor may be able to help.

4. -Prediabetes
-Heart and blood vessel disease
-High blood pressure, even if it's treated and
under control
-Low HDL ("good") cholesterol
-High triglycerides
-Being overweight or obese
-Having a baby that weighed more than 9 pounds
-Acanthosis nigricans, a skin condition with dark
rashes around your neck or armpits
-Depression

5. Other risk factors have to do with your
daily habits and lifestyle. These are the
ones you can really do something about:
-Getting little or no exercise
-Smoking
-Stress
-Sleeping too little or too much

6. Simple changes at home can make a
big difference, too:
-Loss of weight
-Get active
-Eat right
-Quit smoking

7. Symptoms
The symptoms of type 2 diabetes can be so mild
that you don't notice them. In fact, about 8 million
people who have it don't know it.
-Being very thirsty.
-Peeing a lot.
-Blurry vision.
-Being irritable.
-Tingling or numbness in your hands or feet.
-Feeling worn out.
-Wounds that don't heal.
-Yeast infections that keep coming back.

8. Getting a Diagnosis
Your doctor can test your blood for signs of diabetes. Usually
doctors will test you on two different days to confirm the
diagnosis. But if your blood glucose is very high or you have a lot
of symptoms, one test may be all you need.
A1C: It's like an average of your blood glucose over the past 2 or
3 months.
Fasting plasma glucose: This measures your blood sugar on an
empty stomach. You won't be able to eat or drink anything
except water for 8 hours before the test.
Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT): This checks your blood
glucose before and 2 hours after you drink a sweet drink to see
how your body handles the sugar.

9. Long-Term Effects
Over time, high blood sugar can damage and cause
problems with your:
-Heart and blood vessels
-Kidneys
-Eyes
-Nerves, which can lead to trouble with digestion,
the feeling in your feet, and your sexual response
-Wound healing
-Pregnancy

10. The best way to avoid these
complications is to manage your diabetes
well:
-Take your diabetes medications or insulin on time.
-Check your blood glucose.
-Eat right, and don't skip meals.
-See your doctor regularly to check for early signs of
trouble.