Teaching learning process is the most important pillar of any school which defines the academic success of the school. Monotonous ways of completion of syllabus and homework leads the majority of the students taking the studies as a burden and no way helps them out in their knowledge building. In the present research, the researcher discusses about the strategies that has been implemented in a school, which has rationale for each and every classroom teaching subject and topic. The researcher identifies the ways of various type of skill improvisation techniques that articulates the learning and adds on many related topics to know without any burden. The school, that implements such practices at very early age of schooling, definitely directs the students’ engagement positively for the learning. Mr. Dhaval B. Solanki | Dr. Dharmistha Panchal "Developing the Scientific Temperament in the Children at Early Schooling Age" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38545.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/38545/developing-the-scientific-temperament-in-the-children-at-early-schooling-age/mr-dhaval-b-solanki
Teaching Integrated Science to 21st century learnersRonadane Liwanag
Sharing best practices, lesson planning techniques, and inspiring quotations to students teaching class of MST123 - Teaching of Math and Science
Some Pictures and cliparts are lifted from google image search. Thanks to the owners. :)
1. History of Science aApproach based learning
2. The principles of sciencetific approach based learning
3. Activities
4. procedures of Scientific approach based learning
5. Strengths and weakness of Scientific approach based learning
6. Conclusion
Teaching Integrated Science to 21st century learnersRonadane Liwanag
Sharing best practices, lesson planning techniques, and inspiring quotations to students teaching class of MST123 - Teaching of Math and Science
Some Pictures and cliparts are lifted from google image search. Thanks to the owners. :)
1. History of Science aApproach based learning
2. The principles of sciencetific approach based learning
3. Activities
4. procedures of Scientific approach based learning
5. Strengths and weakness of Scientific approach based learning
6. Conclusion
This study purposed to investigate researching anxiety of pre-service teachers
that might want to explain why they are able to learn successfully in the
context of difference in program of study. There were 15 pre-service teachers
in M.Ed. program of teaching science and mathematics voluntary
participated. Learning Anxiety Questionnaire (LAQ) was employed their
anxiety towards learning through Google Form. The study revealed that preservice
teachers
had
anxiety
at
medium
level.
However,
some
of
item
present
they
had
different
level
of
anxiety.
The
effective
learning
for
decreasing
level
anxiety
needs
to
be
more
discussed.
No nation whether developed or developing countries can rise above the level of its education without giving adequate consideration for its Human and Material resources in terms of curriculum to be used. One of the Basic qualities of a curriculum is dynamism. This implies that a good curriculum is never static rather it changes along with changes in societal needs and aspirations, political and economic factors. For example in Nigeria the educational system has witnessed some changes in Content, Context and Structure (9-3-4 educational systems). Like most of the countries in the world, the changes have come as result of the growing awareness of the need to develop technologically, socially, and economically.
Role of Behavioral Attitude of Secondary School Students in Response to Speci...ijtsrd
Education is the process that transforms a person into a personality. Every person is unique and has some potential that is not shared by others in some capacity. Education is the change in a person’s behavior, attitude, and culture that results from his or her receiving education within a specific time. The ability to apply knowledge to solve new issues is one of education’s primary goals. Our national policies have long acknowledged the value of education as an agent of development and a source of employment. The primary issue facing education today is how to inspire kids to learn at all levels. A person who has a high level of aspiration for a good education would typically make a consistent effort to obtain that education as well as achieve highly throughout the educational process. Without developing the habit of diligent and well planned study, it is impossible for anyone to stay current, not even in their own field of knowledge, given the immense explosion of knowledge. Any academic proof that is based on a lack of both breadth and depth of knowledge is unjustified and unstable. The three components of knowledge acquisition are reading, taking notes, and organizing facts. Dr. Tafajul Hoque "Role of Behavioral Attitude of Secondary School Students in Response to Specific Variables" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd55062.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/55062/role-of-behavioral-attitude-of-secondary-school-students-in-response-to-specific-variables/dr-tafajul-hoque
curriculum : meaning and concept, principles of curriculum, curriculum construction and curriculum organisation, bases of curriculum, types of curriculum, method of organisation of curriculum ppt
This research aimed for developing Inquiry Worksheet to facilitate the process skill. Inquiry Worksheet gave the opportunity for student to make good observations in giving hypothesis, designing the experiment, collecting, analyzing, and inferring the data. To involve the students in Inquiry process is the important point in Science lessons which can help the students to develop Science literacy and give the opportunity to drill their Science process skill. This research used the steps of developing 4P but the fourth step was not used, this analysis used the descriptive qualitative. Based on the validation result showed the Lesson Plan (RPP) and Inquiry Worksheet (LKS) had been developed were in valid category. The implementation of the good Lesson Plan for Evaluation Results was classically achieved. The process skill obtained 100 for the average score. For pretest and posttest, the students obtained 82.85 and 57.14. Learning using the Inquiry worksheet showed good responses by the students. The conclusion of this research was Inquiry Worksheet competent to facilitate the process skills.
The Application of Explicit Type Learning Model to Improve Student Learning O...AI Publications
This study aims to determine the difficulties by students learning Growth and Development of Living Things in Eighth Grade students of SMP Dharma Bakti Siborongborong. The highest score is 98 and the lowest score is 30. The classical percentage has not reached 85%,The first cycle has not reached classical completeness. To improve the implementation the first cycle of actions followed by the implementation the second cycle of actions. Cycle II in class VIIIB, test results for learning II obtained an average class of 80.5 with 41 students (87.24%) had reached the level of completeness while 6 more people (12.76%) had not reached the level of mastery learning. The highest score is 100 and the lowest is 30. By looking the classical percentage (87.24%), Stated to have achieved classical learning completeness. it can be concluded that the Explicit Type learning model can improve student learning outcomes.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
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Hence, the researcher startedplanningtowork uponvarious
teaching practices/strategies that can help improvising the
learning process and retaining of the knowledgethoroughly.
Researcher basically noticed the practiceofVertical thinking
in the classroom teaching, wherein the teacher follows the
steps shown in Fig.1 that leads from introductiontoexercise
of any topic.
The main thing, here, is that the entire process, shown here,
mainly revolves around the textbook content which may be
very limited and lead to know just about the given content.
The researcher, being a principal, has been always getting
into discussion with the teachers for the concretesolutionof
the same. Researcher could clearly notice the lack of the
scientific temperamentinthestudentsofthemiddleprimary
grades of his own school and he could relate it with the
learning gaps at the primary level, making them struggle to
cope up with their studies.
According to an argument by Dhar (2009), scientific
temperament can be characterized mainly by following
traits,
1. Healthy skepticism
2. Universalism
3. Freedom from prejudice or bias
4. Objectivity
5. Open mindedness and humility
6. Willingness to suspend judgment without sufficient
evidence
7. Rationality
8. Perseverance — positive approach to failure
Moreover, the researcher feels that scientific temperament
mainly deals with keen sense of observation. Instead of
looking to the face value of any instance or thing, the person
actually tries to know about ‘why’ and ‘how’ for it. The
person with scientific temper is proactive, not passive,
towards problem solving, working out on new solutions for
the problem. According to Bhat, 2011, even the artisans of
small village, who have very limited resourcesareseen quite
pro-active towards problem solving approach. And this can
be definitely attributed to their observationskill andcurious
behaviour to any problem come up.
So, in order to imply same thing into practice, theresearcher
held various meetings with teachers and held prolonged
discussions about improvisations in various teaching-
learning practices for the students of primarygrades,i.e.std.
1 to 8, the researcher designed a special working pattern
which he wanted to imply graduallyafterthedetail planning,
discussion with teachers and their feedbacks regarding the
same.
Topic
Developing the scientifictemperamentinthechildren at
early schooling age.
Objectives
Researcher had following objectives fortheimprovisationof
teaching-learning process of the students.
1. To improvise teaching processes that can give
conceptual clarity in any subject taught.
2. To improvise the observation skills of the students.
3. To help them understand the topics and the content
related to it.
4. To develop scientific temperament in the students.
5. To develop comprehension skills in the students.
6. To inculcate decision power in the students.
7. To improve confidence level of the students.
Planning and Procedure
The researcher mainly divided this project in three areas,
1. Languages – working on comprehension, reading,
speaking, writing & listening skills
2. Environment – Observation, having hands on
experiments, relating with nature
3. Mathematics – Numbers to basic operations,shapesand
basic concepts
Accordingly, the researcherstartedvisiting regularclassesof
the teachers for observation and started noting down their
strengths and areas to strengthen still. Researcher divided
the group of the teachers into two –teachers teaching
languages and teachers teaching mathematics and science.
After several meetings and close look to the syllabus, the
researcher designed various projectsforstudents,which are
as under:
1. Science labs from grade 1
2. Hands on tools
3. Knowing by doing
4. Exploring Library
Execution:
By introducing such ways of teaching,itisexpectedtoinduce
the learning without any formal syllabus, conceptual clarity,
interest in learning and to inculcate scientific temperament
for anything they do. The researcher executed the entire
work as under.
1. Science labs from grade 1.
Students from grade 1 to 8 were given 2 days of laboratory
visits per week in the timetable. In the initial months of the
year, i.e. June and July, for grade 1 to 4, lab visitsareplanned.
Teachers take them to the lab, helping them to identify the
labs as Physics lab, Chemistry lab and Biology lab.
A. Lab Visits:
For Std. 1 to Std. 3
The following steps are taken for it.:
Teachers make them understand that the lab with
various apparatus of measurements, glass slabs,
mirror/lenses or balances is a physics lab.
The lab which contains with chemical bottles, burners,
charts of periodic tables is a chemistry lab.
The lab having microscopes, slides, specimens of plants
and animals and various charts hung on the wall
showing organ systems and all is a biology lab.
The basic objective behind these visits is to help them
identify various labs separately but the hidden agenda is to
make them know that there arethreebranchesofscience, i.e.
physics, chemistry & biology.
B. Learning measurement at younger age:
For the measurement, units are generally introduced in
grade 5th and onwards. This activity aims to help students
relate the size and shapes with their measurements using
basic units at least.
Illustration: 1
Teachers ask students to measuretheirnotebook edgeswith
a geometry box scale. Students would be obviously knowing
about basic numbers so they do these activities with great
enthusiasm but they can tell the length just in numbers
without any unit. So, after getting answers from few
students, the teacher would make it clear thatitisnotjust 12
but it is 12 centimetre. Same way, the teacher asks them to
measure their bench with a wooden scale and inform them
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that it is measured in feet. Accordingly, in next lecture they
are taken to the school corridor and are asked to measure
the length of it with a rope, helping them to understand the
unit metre. Teacher also asks question about the distance of
two places or cities and if any child answers the umber with
the unit kilometre, she picks it up and explain thatthebigger
distances are measured in units.
C. Measurement and precision relating to basic
number operations:
One more strategy to teach students measurement at very
early age, it is also planned to teach them basic number
operations as well as precision to conduct the activity.
Following are few examples.
Illustration: 2
For this, teachers take students to chemistry laboratory and
give them plastic vessels like, burette, pipette, measuring
cylinders and beakers. To work on their precision, teacher
asks students to fill the measuring cylinders or beakerswith
water without spilling of any drop. All the students get this
chance to perform this activity. Simultaneously, the teacher
asks them about the amount of water they filled in, coupleof
students might answer to this and that too withoutanyunits
(obviously). Teacher introduces the units of fluid hereby in
an informal discussion that help them to know about it.
Then the teacher continues the activity to transfer water
from big measuring cylinder tothesmalleroneandaskshow
many small cylinders can be filled? Here, the observation
skill also helps as the teacher hasalreadydisplayedcylinders
of 50 ml and 25 ml nearby a 100 ml cylinder. Coupleofsmart
students can guess from the size and teacher allows them to
do it on their own to confirm if they were correct. This helps
them to understand the division of a greater number into
smaller one as well as the precision to handle liquid while
transferring which again can be included in their fine motor
skills leading to their psychomotor development.
Illustration: 3
Same way, they are taken to the school garden where they
are introduced to various plants and help them to identify it.
The teacher asks them to talk about the difference in two
plants which are close by. This, actually, demands the
observation skills as well as establishes the understanding
about the various characteristics of the plants. Teacher
informs basic details of plants and its parts. Thestudentsare
asked to collect 5 different leaves (fallen) whichtheyneed to
bring to class and stick into their science experiment book.
They are asked to draw an outline to that leaf and teachers
teaches them how to label it. The activity clearly involves
knowledge about plants, observations skills, craft work to
stick leaves and drawing outline along with the precision in
all of these.
For Std. 4 to Std. 8
The teachers, who teach Environment/Science in std. 4 to
std. 8, sit together with the syllabus and plan out the
activities and experiments that can help students to
understand the concepts well.Fordesigningthesyllabus,the
entire chapter line up is kept in mind and designed activities
in mainly following ways.
1. Lab experiments
2. Classroom activities
3. Demonstration of experiment
4. Poster preparation & Presentation
The teachers, working in this pattern, also ask students to
write the experiments in a formal way in the practical book,
helping them to take notes of their practical work in an
organised pattern. Students are clearly instructed about the
entire working of the experiment so that they would not
miss out any important aspect. Moreover they are taught to
write the readings/observation in observation table and
conclusion.
* Virtual Science Laboratory
This project is a spontaneous one, designed with lesshuman
resource without any pre-plan, to meet the learning needs
and make the science learning better. So, the researcher has
prepared the videos of lab introduction of physics lab,
chemistry lab and biology lab within the school only so that
students of std. 1 to std. 3 would not miss their lab
introduction session and these videos where shown and
explained with all these students during online classes
during Corona time when the school were physically closed.
The links of introductory videos are here for the reference.
A. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wF2lX3r4GOU (a
virtual tour to chemistry lab)
B. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hwP39YwPm4k(a
virtual tour to biology lab)
Same way, the researcher prepared videos of experiments,
which before corona pandemic were done in lab.Thisvideos
helped teachers to explain the content and overcome the
constraint of science lab experiments at some extent in
online teaching. The links of couple of them, for the
reference, are as under.
A. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V4yeM2gC9HI
(Does air occupy space?)
B. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xx4xaRy2JF4(to
know water holding capacity of soil)
C. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HTFKka4qD7M
(Types of magnets & its properties)
2. Hands on tools
Hands on tools is an another interesting activity introduced
in the school for the students of std. 1 to 9. This activity
requires involvement of teachers as well as students of
various age at the same time. The entire planning of the
activity is as under.
A. The class teachers of std. 1 to 9 divides their class
students in pair of two each, i.e. pair of roll no. 1 & 2, roll
no. 3 & 4, and so on.
B. The students of lower primary group, std. 1, 2 and 3 is
clubbed with the middle primary school students, say
std. 4, 5, 6 as well as with upper primary-secondary
school students of std. 7, 8 and 9. Specifically, the pairs
are made as shown –
For Set I teams: Std. 1 – Std. 4 – Std. 7
For Set II teams: Std. 2 – Std. 5 – Std. 8
For Set III teams: Std. 3 – Std. 6 – Std. 9
C. Within the sets, 2-2 students are picked up from each of
the three grades as per their roll numbers and the team
of 6 is created. i.e. roll no. 1, 2 from each of the std. 1, 4
and 7 makes a group of 6 students, same wayroll no.3,4
and so on. Std. 2, 5, and 8 also plan groupssamewayand
Std. 3, 6 and 9 as well.
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D. Hence, in each group of 6 students, there are 2 students
from lower primary, 2 from middle school and 2 from
upper primary-secondary school, making each group
very diverse and unique with reference to their
competencies and potential.
E. Each group is given a simple scientific tool, apparatusor
toy/working model which is very easy to make and it
has a concept on which it is functioning or working.
(Ref.: http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys.html)
F. The division of labour is done in all the groups, like, the
model is to be made by the youngest two students ofthe
group, the elder most two students have to help them in
making as well as explaining the scientific concept
clearly while the two students of the middle school
represent them on a poster or chart making their
diagram and explaining its principles.
G. The entire team works together and prepare a clear
presentation in the Science fair or exhibition
demonstrating their model or tool to the teachers,other
students and visitors.
Here, the activity has far reaching results which are not
apparently visible too. The activity doesn’t only bring the
knowledge but also induces importance of collaborative
work, peer learning and craft/drawing. It helps elder
students to learn lessons of leadership and creates harmony
among the students of various age groups.
3. Knowing by doing
A very well known approach ‘Knowing by doing’ is less put
into practice where in schools are busy with monotonous
teaching, using lecture methods, exercises and homework.
The researcher in the school plans various events where in
the students are to plan everything with the help of their
class teachers and student-teacher support committee. One
such example is as under.
Illustration: 4
The students celebrate thecultural event everyyearwherein
they work according to various themes selected forit.All the
classes work under the same umbrella of main subject
selecting sub themes for each of them on their own. Few
examples are as under –
A. Year 2016: Earth, my home (where the students
performed dances and dramas of various parts of the
world)
B. Year 2017: AmoAabad in Ahmedabad (the journey
through a city history from its establishment to the
contemporary growth)
C. Year2018: The rising Billion (A story of growth of
Indian Economy and its various aspects)
D. Year 2019: SahityakaSafarnama (a journey through
various national literatures and of the world)
Apparently simple looking above activity, actually, involves
students in depth touching upon many subjectsandlearning
of many textual and non-textual matters. The list, the
students do here and learn is as under:
Students finalise their own class theme – includes
linguistic skills of discussions and debating also
sometime to put forward their own idea.
To research on given theme on their own or in group,
help them unknowingly go through many related topic
also.
Writing the script of their own drama or introduction of
their dance demanding the writing skills as well as
keeping the relevance with the theme in the mind.
Students would have to prepare one piece of art as a
Stage Craft made up of plastic, craft paper, thermocol
sheet or plywood. For which they need to estimate the
size, required material, need to write a demand not to
principal and to make the model too. It involves their
mathematics for measurement, estimation skills, craft
and engineering skills to assemble and working in
group.
The students of each grade has to decorate their own
classroom according to their own presentation with
charts, pictures, artefacts and information a daypriorto
cultural event so they learn a smallest bit of the item
they are going to perform, hence, their knowledge
increases.
Students record their skits, dramas and narrations and
sync music with it which gives them exposure to
technology usage as well as understanding to develop
visual arts and performances.
All in all, the cultural event is actually an opportunity to
learn various subjects in a perfect blend.
4. Exploring the library
A good library is an asset of the school. The books, journals,
magazines and research works stored are the treasure of
knowledge that anyone within the school can get benefit of.
Library plays an important role in the life of a student. The
report of Ross Todd and Carol Kuhlthau’s (2005) mixed
methods study in Ohio mentioned that nearly 13,000
students stated how the libraryhelpedtheminvarious ways.
Many students reported that library was the resource for
them to understand the steps for finding and evaluation
various information, they wanted to study about.
In accordance to above, the researcher has also introduceda
plan, Exploring the Library. The entire plan works as under.
The class teacher reads a book and talks about it with
the students in home period so that students get to
know about new books.
The language teachers are instructedtotakeoneoftheir
class during a week in the library when the children
knowingly or unknowingly come across the various
books, titles of magazines and picks it up out of
curiosity.
Language teachers also demandsa personal ‘Vocabulary
Notebook’ by each student, that helps them get familiar
with new words and help them comprehend the
unknown texts.
Students are encouraged to borrow books from library
and they are allowed them to carry it home for a week.
The librarian also plays an active role in this and keeps
reading the books in the free time. The student, when
comes to deposit the book back, the librarian asks his
views about the book.
The librarian also asks some questions from the book to
ensure that the child has read the book. Each child who
has borrowed and read the book gets a remark on the
special page at the end in the school diary.
5. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD38545 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 2 | January-February 2021 Page 841
The librarian also recordsthereviewofthestudentsand
uploads it on the school channel which motivates the
student to read more and promotes other students also
to read. Two such video links are given here for the
reference.
A. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wGhr9HIKwi8
B. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z5t_RRia1JI
Outcomes:
Success of any study or research plan is mainly dependent
on its results, outcomes or analysis. Since this was a long
term strategic plan of improvising teaching-learning
processes of a school, a statistical analysisofshort-termdata
would not portray a clear picture of the plan. So, the
researcher have conducted meetings with following groups
and noted their feedbacks.
A. Students
B. Teachers
C. Parents
1. Students’ feedback
Students of grade 1, 2 and 3 couldn’t put their feedbacks in
the words still they all expressed that they enjoy coming to
school. When asked which activity you like the most in the
school, the reply to this question was, going to laboratory as
well as classroom activities. This clearly indicates that
‘Learning by doing’ make them positive for the study and
increases students’ engagement in the teaching-learning
process.
Students from grade 4 and above, could clearlyexpresstheir
views where 85% students expressed that they understand
what is being taught in the laboratory. More than 80%
students responded positively for the ‘Hands on tools’
activity and they said they could learn about the model of
their own as well as the models made by other students
within the class.
2. Teachers’ feedback
Teachers were asked to share their precise reviews in terms
of various aspects. The summary of the reviews of teachers
are as under.
Have become enthusiastic for learning.
Shows their interest in the subject while taught, started
showing engagement.
Have started responding the questions.
More than 70% of the students have started thinking
logically with due reasoning during activities.
They have become particular in performing activities.
Their observation skills have been increased.
The skill of craftsmanship is seen improvised in nearly
75% of students.
Number of the students, visiting library, have been
increased, showing up their interest in reading.
The students are having more comprehensionskillsdue
to increased use of library, enhancing their linguistic
skills as well.
An increase of 20% more than the previous is seen
improved in their class work and note taking patterns,
making them more clear, presentable and particular.
Students’ knowledge bank is also improvised due to
teaching of various fact and concepts which are not
mentioned in their textbooks.
Students have been seen improving in basic
mathematical operation due to regular practice in
school, dodging of tables and mental maths.
3. Parents’ feedback
Feedbacks of the parents were taken during‘OpenHouse’ by
giving them feedback questionnaire. Many parents
personally talked regarding their opinion about their ward.
The views are as under:
Their ward started liking the school and don’t want to
miss the school even for a day.
The child has become more attentive and finishes the
work on own.
The result of the child has been improved.
The child has started talking about the daily activities
done in the school.
References:
[1] Bhat P G (2011) PG’s pensive. Scientific temper in
daily life-1 (10-04-2013) available at
pgbhat.wordpress.com/2011/06/10/scientific-
temper-in-dailylife-1/.
[2] Clark, P., & Kirk, E. (2000). All-day kindergarten.
Childhood Education, summer, 228-231.
[3] Dhar P L (2009) Developing scientific temper(10-04-
2013) available at
pldhar.files.wordpress.com/2009/09/scientific-
temper.pdf
[4] Gullo, D.F., & Maxwell, C.B. (1997). The effects of
different models of all-day kindergartenonchildren’s
developmental competence. Early Childhood
Development and Care, 139, 119-128.
[5] Rothenberg, D. (1995). Full-day kindergarten
programs. ERIC ClearinghouseonElementary&Early
Childhood Education Urbana IL, ED382410.
[6] Todd, R. J., &Khulthau, C. (2005). Student learning
through Ohio school libraries, Part 1: How effective
school libraries help students. School Libraries
Worldwide, 11(1), 63-88.