Challenges and Opportunities of Biogas Production in the European UnionPatrice Djoko Noumodje
The production of renewable energy form agricultural resources competes with food production for land, water and soil nutrients. The increased demand for energy crop may raise global land use change including greenhouse gas emissions and cause food insecurity in several regions. Sustainability of EU biogas production relies on both future agriculture and energy production systems and decision tools that allow farmers to self-control their practices so as to achieve their economic goals and minimize the impact of activities on environment and food security and decision makers to assign supports based on proper understandings of risks.
The Future of Food and Farming: EU and the CAPTassos Haniotis
A presentation on the Communication recently adopted the European Commission on Common Agricultural Policy post-2020 entitled 'The Future of Food & Farming'.
Outline of the research project FOODSECURE, which explores EU policies that matter for global food and nutrition security. Presented at an inspirational meeting of European group of stakeholders in Valetta, 27 February 2014
Challenges and Opportunities of Biogas Production in the European UnionPatrice Djoko Noumodje
The production of renewable energy form agricultural resources competes with food production for land, water and soil nutrients. The increased demand for energy crop may raise global land use change including greenhouse gas emissions and cause food insecurity in several regions. Sustainability of EU biogas production relies on both future agriculture and energy production systems and decision tools that allow farmers to self-control their practices so as to achieve their economic goals and minimize the impact of activities on environment and food security and decision makers to assign supports based on proper understandings of risks.
The Future of Food and Farming: EU and the CAPTassos Haniotis
A presentation on the Communication recently adopted the European Commission on Common Agricultural Policy post-2020 entitled 'The Future of Food & Farming'.
Outline of the research project FOODSECURE, which explores EU policies that matter for global food and nutrition security. Presented at an inspirational meeting of European group of stakeholders in Valetta, 27 February 2014
Policy Seminar presentation by Per Pinstrup-Andersen, Cornell University at IFPRI Policy Seminar on "Policymakers’ Responses to Food Price Crises" May 3, 2013
A non-exhaustive list of pertinent Common Agricultural Policy questions. Presentation by Tassos Haniotis, Director of Strategy and Policy Analysis, DG Agriculture, European Commission. Presented in 'The Economics and Politics of the CAP after 2020' panel of the very successful Congress of the European Association of Agricultural Economists: http://www.eaae2017.it/congress.
Science Forum 2013 (www.scienceforum13.org)
Plenary session: Evaluating nutrition and health outcomes of agriculture
Matin Qaim, University of Gottingen, main presentation
Policy Seminar presentation by Per Pinstrup-Andersen, Cornell University at IFPRI Policy Seminar on "Policymakers’ Responses to Food Price Crises" May 3, 2013
A non-exhaustive list of pertinent Common Agricultural Policy questions. Presentation by Tassos Haniotis, Director of Strategy and Policy Analysis, DG Agriculture, European Commission. Presented in 'The Economics and Politics of the CAP after 2020' panel of the very successful Congress of the European Association of Agricultural Economists: http://www.eaae2017.it/congress.
Science Forum 2013 (www.scienceforum13.org)
Plenary session: Evaluating nutrition and health outcomes of agriculture
Matin Qaim, University of Gottingen, main presentation
The Economist Intelligence Unit gives their view about the future of food supply in the world. Food must be enough in quantity and quality to feed the future population.
Lorenzo Giovanni Bellù
POLICY SEMINAR
The future of food and agriculture – Drivers and triggers for transformation
Co-organized by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), IFPRI, and the CGIAR Research Initiative on Foresight
FEB 1, 2023 - 10:00 TO 11:15AM EST
Michaela Cosijn presented at the Nutrition-sensitive Agriculture conference at University of Sydney on in the global innovation crisis rather than the global food crisis.
Johan Swinnen, Rob Vos, John McDermott, and Laura Zseleczky
GLOBAL FOOD POLICY REPORT
VIRTUAL LAUNCH EVENT - 2020 Global Food Policy Report: Building Inclusive Food Systems
APR 7, 2020 - 12:15 PM TO 01:15 PM EDT
In this presentation, a vision of transformed food systems and key steps to transforming the system are developed. The presentation was hold by Ana Maria Loboguerrero, Head of Global Policy Research, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) at the opening of the Agriculture Advantage 2.0 series at COP24.
A Food Systems Perspective on Seafood by Prof. Peter Oosterveer WorldFish
In recent years, a food systems perspective has been promoted to develop a more comprehensive perspective on supplying sufficient, sustainable and healthy food to consumers. This shift away from an orientation in research and policy on increasing food production towards a focus on consumers and dietary outcomes seems promising in many respects. At the same time, this perspective needs further reflection with respect to focus and integration.
GCARD2: Foresight, projections and issues of Agricultural Research Coordination for future smallholder impact http://www.egfar.org/gcard-2012
GCARD2: Perspectives, projections et enjeu de la coordination d'une recherche agricole orientée dans le future vers des petits paysans http://www.egfar.org/gcard-2012
GCARD2 Prospectiva, proyecciones y problemas de coordinación de la investigación agrícola para el impacto futuro de agricultores pequeños. http://www.egfar.org/gcard-2012
Note on Critical and Emerging Issues for Food Security and NutritionNE Kim
Committee on World Food Security (CFS) the High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition (HLPE) has conducted a process to identify a wide range of issues of importance for food security and nutrition, as well as their interrelations, in a systemic way. Within the diversity of issues, the HLPE has identified, in addition to the nine issues that have already been the topic of an HLPE report, the following five critical and emerging issues of particular importance, both in their own right and as drivers of other issues.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
1. Meeting of the
Independent Science and Partnership Council (ISPC)
Lima, May 25-26 2015
Developing foresight capacity
Albino Maggio
University of Naples Federico II
Department of Agriculture and Food Science
2. PART I: A Few definitions
PART II: An Application
Foresight
http://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/bitstream/JRC94867/lbna27252enn.pdf
4. A definition
Foresight provides a space to different stakeholders and experts
for systemic thinking and developing anticipatory knowledge. It
explores future changes by anticipating and analysing possible
future developments and challenges both qualitatively and
quantitatively, and supports stakeholders to actively shape the
future vision for today strategies and actions.
(from A Glossary of Terms commonly used in Futures Studies)
http://www.fao.org/docs/eims/upload/315951/Glossary%20of%20Terms.pdfFull Version
Foresight
5. Why is thinking about the long-term powerful?
helps to get out from present day concerns
helps to go beyond the current mainstream thinking
helps to look for opportunities
better anticipate the challenges that shape the future
supports creativity for today's strategies and actions
helps break gridlock
6. Foresight …
does not predict the future
complements desk research analyses with
structured dialogue
enhances future thinking by gathering anticipatory
intelligence from a wide range of knowledge
sources in a systematic way
structures the analyses to ensure the emergence
of collective intelligence derived beyond
established pathways and links it to today’s
decision making
7. Foresight, Forecasting, Planning
Foresight can use forecasts, can contribute to planning,
assumes that there are numerous possible futures that can
be created through the actions we choose to take today
A Forecast often assumes that there is one probable future
Foresight time horizons should be beyond the usual planning
horizons. Typical foresight time horizons vary between 5-30
years but may be longer
10. JRC Foresight on Global Food Security 2030
Foresight exercise on EU's role in global food security by 2030
• Need for identifying a common vision
• Need for identifying key challenges and opportunities
• Need for prioritisation in policymaking
The Foresight Process
• Agree on the most crucial drivers of change affecting food security in the future
• Reach a consensus on the most likely vision for 2030
• Challenge this vision by investigating drivers which could pose major challenges
• Analyse current policies and policy needs in terms of responsiveness, flexibility and
resilience to future food security needs and challenge
11. Structure of the Foresight process
Foresight
Concept & Structure
Designed
(Brussels, 14 June, 2012)
Workshop I
Sustainability
(Seville, 8-9 Apr, 2012)
Workshop II
Geography
(Brussels, 10-12 Jul, 2013)
Workshop III
Supply/Demand
(Brussels, 2-22 Oct, 2013)
A Food Security
Vision 2030
Developed
Workshop IV
Policies
(Brussels,
19-20 May, 2014)
Challenging the Vision
Reflection on Policies
June 2012 May 2014
12. Vision building
Vision:
Formulation of an integrated perspective
The preferred plausible future embedding the organisation's values
The most likely future?
Uses:
Show where an organisation should be heading
Mobilise
Preparedness
13. The experts
Different expert for different workshops
Broad Coverage
Academia
International Organizations
NGOs
Farmers Organizations
Research Institutes/Governmental
Industries
14. Main outcomes
• By 2030 and beyond, food security will increasingly be considered as
securing food supply in response to changing and growing global
demand.
• Food security is therefore not only a global and systemic challenge but
also an opportunity for Europe to play a role in innovation, trade, health,
wealth generation and geopolitics.
• Better coordination and coherence at EU level is necessary in order to
move from a food security to a food systems approach.
15. What is a Vision? Desirable, yet plausible, of where we want to be in the future.
Why is it useful? To engage stakeholders in a visionary approach in achieving
and shaping a specific future.
18. Key future challenges and uncertainties
Uncertainty in the evolution of trade and markets
We envision…. the development of a balanced food system
through steady economic growth, further liberalisation of
markets and trade, increased transparency and regulation
of the food system, and improved global governance on
food.
Challenging factors:
• Deadlock at WTO
• Ultra-sensitivity of agriculture in trade negotiations
• Nationalisation of food security concerns
• Impact of food safety and quality standards
• The role of climate change
19. Key future challenges and uncertainties
Challenges of changing and growing demand and
urbanisation
We envision… a largely demand-driven food system
where consumer behaviour shapes sustainable
objectives.
Challenging factors:
• Economic growth and changes in income will affect changing diets
and consumption patterns
• Urbanisation not currently considered as a key driver (Increasingly,
feeding the world will mean feeding the cities) and its impact on
food security is largely underestimated
20. Current EU Policy Positioning
• Current food security policies focus mainly on targeting
pockets of food insecurity, where hunger and malnourishment persist
• EU food security policies do not fully consider the challenges and
opportunities that are likely to arise out of the changing demographic and
socio-economic trends that will transform the future global food system
• In response to changing and growing global demand, food security will
increasingly be considered as securing food supply
• The extent of these global trends should be increasingly considered for and
integrated into an EU food systems approach
22. Key messages
Policy coherence and coordination is needed between different
EU policies to work towards a «food system» approach
Clearer recognition that «feeding the world in 2030» will
essentially be «feeding the cities»
Increased recognition of the crucial role of demand-side dynamics
in shaping future food systems
In order to build food security solutions from the ground up a
culture of innovation in food systems should be promoted