Presented by Ndahi, M.D., Kwaghe, A.V., Usman, J.G., Anzaku, S., Bulus, A. and Angbashimat, J. at the PENAPH First Technical Workshop, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 11–13 December 2012.
This document discusses transboundary zoonotic diseases from an Indian perspective. It begins by defining transboundary zoonotic diseases and providing some examples. It then discusses several major disease outbreaks and pandemics that have impacted India and the world, including plague, cholera, avian influenza, Nipah virus, and SARS. It notes factors that have contributed to the emergence and spread of zoonotic diseases, such as population growth, increased trade and travel, agricultural intensification, and environmental changes. The document emphasizes that India's large population, biodiversity, agricultural sector, and trade relationships make it vulnerable to zoonotic diseases and their impacts.
The document discusses the evolving scope of veterinary public health (VPH) in the 21st century. It defines VPH as applying veterinary skills and knowledge to protect and improve human health. VPH involves preventing zoonotic diseases and ensuring food safety. It is multidisciplinary, involving veterinarians, physicians, and other professionals. The scope of VPH has expanded and now includes areas like epidemiology, biomedical research, and the human-animal bond. Changes in farming, food production, trade, and emerging diseases are reshaping the priorities of VPH. Maintaining services in a climate of reduced resources and rapid change will require flexibility, coordination between groups, and evidence-based decision making.
International Threats of Zoonotic Diseases - International Conference on One ...Tata Naipospos
The document summarizes an international conference presentation on zoonotic diseases and their threats. It notes that emerging zoonotic diseases pose an increasing global threat due to factors like population growth, increased animal production and trade, and human encroachment on wildlife habitats. An interdisciplinary "One Health" approach integrating human, animal, and environmental health is needed to monitor and control zoonotic diseases, which account for over 60% of all known human pathogens. Collaboration across medical, veterinary and policy sectors can help achieve efficiencies and early detection of outbreaks.
Transboundary diseases and animal welfare concerns Alex Sabuni
Interest in TAD has been direct towards: Socio economic and, Public Health impacts of these diseases with disregard to the welfare of the animals. Decision to initiate control efforts has always ben dictated by the impacts of these diseases to health and livelihoods. Disease causes pain to animals, which is a welfare issue that requires urgent addressing.
The document discusses various methods for sire evaluation in cattle and buffalo breeding programs. Sire evaluation aims to select genetically superior bulls to improve herd productivity and reproduction. Key methods discussed include the simple daughter's average index, equi-parent index, corrected daughter average index, contemporary daughter average index, corrected contemporary daughter average index, best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP), and least squares technique. BLUP is considered the most powerful approach as it adjusts performance data for all known non-genetic factors and uses all available information efficiently.
Jaagsiekte, also known as ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma, is a transmissible lung cancer in sheep caused by the Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV). It presents as multiple firm tumors in the lungs that can be seen running from the nose. Microscopically, the tumors are well-differentiated bronchioloalveolar carcinomas that fill the alveoli. The virus infects type II pneumocytes and Clara cells in the lungs. While diagnosis relies on pathology, PCR and detecting the virus in tissues of young lambs offers potential for earlier detection.
Sire evaluation is important for genetic improvement through artificial insemination. Various sire evaluation indexes have been developed that take into account daughters' production records corrected for dam production and herd averages. The best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) method is currently the best approach as it simultaneously estimates all genetic and environmental effects and corrects for biases to provide the most accurate estimate of a sire's breeding value.
This document discusses transboundary zoonotic diseases from an Indian perspective. It begins by defining transboundary zoonotic diseases and providing some examples. It then discusses several major disease outbreaks and pandemics that have impacted India and the world, including plague, cholera, avian influenza, Nipah virus, and SARS. It notes factors that have contributed to the emergence and spread of zoonotic diseases, such as population growth, increased trade and travel, agricultural intensification, and environmental changes. The document emphasizes that India's large population, biodiversity, agricultural sector, and trade relationships make it vulnerable to zoonotic diseases and their impacts.
The document discusses the evolving scope of veterinary public health (VPH) in the 21st century. It defines VPH as applying veterinary skills and knowledge to protect and improve human health. VPH involves preventing zoonotic diseases and ensuring food safety. It is multidisciplinary, involving veterinarians, physicians, and other professionals. The scope of VPH has expanded and now includes areas like epidemiology, biomedical research, and the human-animal bond. Changes in farming, food production, trade, and emerging diseases are reshaping the priorities of VPH. Maintaining services in a climate of reduced resources and rapid change will require flexibility, coordination between groups, and evidence-based decision making.
International Threats of Zoonotic Diseases - International Conference on One ...Tata Naipospos
The document summarizes an international conference presentation on zoonotic diseases and their threats. It notes that emerging zoonotic diseases pose an increasing global threat due to factors like population growth, increased animal production and trade, and human encroachment on wildlife habitats. An interdisciplinary "One Health" approach integrating human, animal, and environmental health is needed to monitor and control zoonotic diseases, which account for over 60% of all known human pathogens. Collaboration across medical, veterinary and policy sectors can help achieve efficiencies and early detection of outbreaks.
Transboundary diseases and animal welfare concerns Alex Sabuni
Interest in TAD has been direct towards: Socio economic and, Public Health impacts of these diseases with disregard to the welfare of the animals. Decision to initiate control efforts has always ben dictated by the impacts of these diseases to health and livelihoods. Disease causes pain to animals, which is a welfare issue that requires urgent addressing.
The document discusses various methods for sire evaluation in cattle and buffalo breeding programs. Sire evaluation aims to select genetically superior bulls to improve herd productivity and reproduction. Key methods discussed include the simple daughter's average index, equi-parent index, corrected daughter average index, contemporary daughter average index, corrected contemporary daughter average index, best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP), and least squares technique. BLUP is considered the most powerful approach as it adjusts performance data for all known non-genetic factors and uses all available information efficiently.
Jaagsiekte, also known as ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma, is a transmissible lung cancer in sheep caused by the Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV). It presents as multiple firm tumors in the lungs that can be seen running from the nose. Microscopically, the tumors are well-differentiated bronchioloalveolar carcinomas that fill the alveoli. The virus infects type II pneumocytes and Clara cells in the lungs. While diagnosis relies on pathology, PCR and detecting the virus in tissues of young lambs offers potential for earlier detection.
Sire evaluation is important for genetic improvement through artificial insemination. Various sire evaluation indexes have been developed that take into account daughters' production records corrected for dam production and herd averages. The best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) method is currently the best approach as it simultaneously estimates all genetic and environmental effects and corrects for biases to provide the most accurate estimate of a sire's breeding value.
Brucellosis: Epidemiology and Control in indiaBhoj Raj Singh
This document summarizes information about bovine brucellosis, including its causative agent, transmission, clinical signs, epidemiology, diagnosis, and control programs in India. It discusses that B. abortus is the primary cause of bovine brucellosis. Seroprevalence studies in India show varied rates of infection across states, with some states reporting over 40% seropositivity. National control programs aim to reduce the disease impact through biannual screening, vaccination of female calves, and bull castration. However, effective control remains challenging due to issues like lack of disposal plans, limited vaccination coverage, and involvement of multiple animal hosts. Improved vaccines, diagnostics, and eradication strategies are still
Presented by Raphael Mrode, ILRI, at the workshop on Essential Knowledge for Effective Improvement and Dissemination of Genetics in Sheep and Goats, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 3–5 November 2020
Role of a Veterinarian in present society and one health approachDrJayKathiriya
Veterinarians play an important role in society through their work in animal health, public health, research, and environmental protection. As part of the "one health" approach, they work collaboratively with professionals in human medicine and environmental science to achieve optimal health outcomes for people, animals, and the environment. Key responsibilities of veterinarians include diagnosing and treating diseases in animals, addressing zoonotic diseases that can spread between animals and humans, and protecting human health through ensuring food safety.
Impact of climate change on livestock reproduction and its ameliorative measuresDrSapunii Hanah
Climate directly or indirectly has a great impact on livestock production and reproduction such as estrus cycle, follicular growth, fertility, semen production etc. However, there is always a way to tackle the problem by implementing scientific housing system, nutritional intervention etc
Vet Epidemiology Overview and General Concepts - RD DomingoPerez Eric
This document provides an overview of epidemiology. It defines epidemiology as the study of disease distribution and determinants in populations, and the application of this study to disease control. It discusses key epidemiology terms like population, distribution, and determinants. It also outlines different epidemiological study types and compares epidemiology to other disciplines like clinical medicine and pathology. The document aims to explain epidemiology and its role in managing disease problems.
Animal Disease Control Programs in India.pptBhoj Raj Singh
India is a hyperendemic country for many animal diseases and zoonotic diseases. Every year billions of rupees are spent on disease control, surveillance, monitoring, and vaccination against vaccine-preventable diseases. However, due to the failure of most animal disease control programs for one or other reasons India directly losses about 20 and 25 thousand crores annually due to endemicity of FMD & brucellosis, respectively. The presentation describes the pros and cons of different ongoing disease control programs going on in India.
Foot and mouth disease: An Indian perspectiveBhoj Raj Singh
FMD is an economically important disease of cloven-footed animals. It causes an estimated loss of Rs. 20-22 thousand crores per year to livestock owners in India. To control the disease, DAHDF of India launched a National FMD Control Program (FMD-CP) in 2003 with an outlay of about Rs. 500 crores a year by Central Government and each state government also invested an equally good amount of money. The program is ongoing all over India. However, results are humiliating and harassing. We are almost at the same spot from where we started 15 years back in 2003.
Progeny testing is a technique used to estimate the breeding value of sires based on the average performance of their offspring. Each offspring receives half of its genes from its sire, so evaluating the performance of a large number of progeny provides a better indication of a sire's breeding value. Progeny testing is commonly done for males since they can produce more offspring than females. Primary selection is based on sibling averages, with bulls having the highest averages selected for official progeny testing where their daughters' performances are analyzed to estimate the bull's breeding value. Testing more progeny per sire increases the accuracy by reducing sampling errors.
Ongoing disease control programmes in indiaBhoj Raj Singh
Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries sectors play an important role in the national economy and in the socio-economic development of the country. Livestock sector alone contributes 4.11% towards overall National GDP and 25.6% of total Agriculture GDP. The biggest impediment to growth of this sector, however, is the large-scale prevalence of diseases such as Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), Hemorrhagic Septicemia (HS), Brucellosis, Black Quarter (BQ) in cattle, Enterotoxaemia, Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) & Sheep-Goat Pox in sheep and goats and Swine Fever in pigs, which drastically affect the productivity of animals. The presence of this disease not only deters the domestic economy but also foreign investment in the livestock sector. Although India have been free from disease like Rinderpest, Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP), Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), presence of other economically important disease still threaten the very roots of livestock sector. This presentation describes various control programs that have been introduced by the Government of India, nationwide for controlling the infectious diseases of animals that have been or should be targeted for eradication or elimination, direct and indirect benefits from control programs, drawback issues and opportunities for the future.
Veterinary public health administration and organisationAneesha K N
This document discusses veterinary public health administration and organization. It describes key veterinary public health activities including addressing zoonotic diseases, food safety inspection, and environmental protection. It outlines the roles of public health teams at the local, district and national levels. The document also discusses planning and implementing veterinary public health programs in India, including constraints around resources, infrastructure and inter-sectoral collaboration. Effective veterinary public health requires an interdisciplinary approach and continued development given emerging issues.
Basis of selection in animal genetics and breeding Dr. Jayesh Vyas
The sources of information based on which the breeding value of the individual is estimated are called as the basis of selection or aids to selection or criteria of selection which are the basis of estimating the breeding value.
The breeding value so obtained is known as estimating breeding value(EBV)or probable breeding value(PBV).
The different selection criteria to estimates the B.V. of an individuals for single trait
This document discusses strategies for improving livestock extension services in India. It notes that current extension activities are sporadic and poorly organized, failing to meet the needs of most livestock farmers. It recommends strengthening pluralistic extension involving both public and private agencies. Specific strategies include improving research-extension linkages, capacity building through training programs, developing gender-sensitive extension practices, leveraging infrastructure and public-private partnerships, and incorporating information and communication technologies. The goal is to close the knowledge gap between farmers and the latest livestock production technologies.
This document discusses different group breeding schemes used for genetic improvement, including Open Nucleus Breeding Systems (ONBS) and Closed Nucleus Breeding Systems (CNBS). ONBS involves bidirectional gene flow between the nucleus herd and lower herds, while CNBS only allows upward gene flow from lower herds to the nucleus. Cooperative group breeding systems run ONBS cooperatively between farmers for increased selection intensity. The actual genetic gain depends on selection pressure and exchange rates between herds. Multiple Ovulation and Embryo Transfer techniques can also be used in nucleus schemes to further reduce generation intervals.
Blue tongue is a non-contagious, infectious, arthropod-borne viral disease of sheep, goat, cattle and deer, with a worldwide distribution. Initially, the disease was reported in sheep in South Africa in 1881 and it was ascribed as “epizootic catarrh”. In 1905, the disease was renamed as “blue tongue”. In India, the first outbreak of blue tongue disease in sheep and goat was reported by Sapre (1964) from Maharashtra. It is listed under category ‘A’ of disease by OIE. The presence of this disease disrupts international commerce by putting a trade barrier on the movement of animals, their germplasm as well as animal products (OIE Bulletin, 1998).
This document summarizes information about bovine tuberculosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium bovis. It primarily affects cattle but can infect many other species. Humans can contract it through ingesting unpasteurized dairy or inhaling infected aerosols. Control relies on test and slaughter programs along with pasteurization. Outbreaks in wildlife pose challenges. While treatable in humans, it remains an occupational hazard for farmers and abattoir workers in areas where bovine tuberculosis is endemic.
Recent Advances in Diagnosis of Foot-and-Mouth DiseasePervaiz Dar
This document discusses recent advances in diagnosing foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). It covers the importance of timely FMD diagnosis, the diagnostic window period, and methods for clinical and laboratory diagnosis. Key laboratory diagnostic techniques discussed include virus detection methods like real-time PCR and sequencing to identify FMD virus serotypes and lineages. Rapid pen-side diagnostics using lateral flow devices, infrared thermography and portable PCR platforms are also summarized. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) provides a sensitive molecular diagnostic alternative in a portable, lab-on-card format. The conclusion calls for increasing molecular diagnostics in Kashmir to identify circulating strains and support vaccine selection and monitoring.
Participatory epidemiology: A tool to evaluate impacts of FMD among livestock...ILRI
This document summarizes a study that used participatory epidemiology methods to evaluate the impact of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) among livestock owners in Cambodia. Key findings include: 1) Livestock owners ranked FMD as the second highest disease impact after hemorrhagic septicemia. 2) Village-level surveys estimated the relative incidence of FMD at 18% for cattle/buffaloes and 11% for pigs. 3) A capture-recapture analysis estimated the true number of FMD-infected villages in 2009 was 315, much higher than the 112 officially reported, indicating low levels of disease reporting.
Brucellosis: Epidemiology and Control in indiaBhoj Raj Singh
This document summarizes information about bovine brucellosis, including its causative agent, transmission, clinical signs, epidemiology, diagnosis, and control programs in India. It discusses that B. abortus is the primary cause of bovine brucellosis. Seroprevalence studies in India show varied rates of infection across states, with some states reporting over 40% seropositivity. National control programs aim to reduce the disease impact through biannual screening, vaccination of female calves, and bull castration. However, effective control remains challenging due to issues like lack of disposal plans, limited vaccination coverage, and involvement of multiple animal hosts. Improved vaccines, diagnostics, and eradication strategies are still
Presented by Raphael Mrode, ILRI, at the workshop on Essential Knowledge for Effective Improvement and Dissemination of Genetics in Sheep and Goats, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 3–5 November 2020
Role of a Veterinarian in present society and one health approachDrJayKathiriya
Veterinarians play an important role in society through their work in animal health, public health, research, and environmental protection. As part of the "one health" approach, they work collaboratively with professionals in human medicine and environmental science to achieve optimal health outcomes for people, animals, and the environment. Key responsibilities of veterinarians include diagnosing and treating diseases in animals, addressing zoonotic diseases that can spread between animals and humans, and protecting human health through ensuring food safety.
Impact of climate change on livestock reproduction and its ameliorative measuresDrSapunii Hanah
Climate directly or indirectly has a great impact on livestock production and reproduction such as estrus cycle, follicular growth, fertility, semen production etc. However, there is always a way to tackle the problem by implementing scientific housing system, nutritional intervention etc
Vet Epidemiology Overview and General Concepts - RD DomingoPerez Eric
This document provides an overview of epidemiology. It defines epidemiology as the study of disease distribution and determinants in populations, and the application of this study to disease control. It discusses key epidemiology terms like population, distribution, and determinants. It also outlines different epidemiological study types and compares epidemiology to other disciplines like clinical medicine and pathology. The document aims to explain epidemiology and its role in managing disease problems.
Animal Disease Control Programs in India.pptBhoj Raj Singh
India is a hyperendemic country for many animal diseases and zoonotic diseases. Every year billions of rupees are spent on disease control, surveillance, monitoring, and vaccination against vaccine-preventable diseases. However, due to the failure of most animal disease control programs for one or other reasons India directly losses about 20 and 25 thousand crores annually due to endemicity of FMD & brucellosis, respectively. The presentation describes the pros and cons of different ongoing disease control programs going on in India.
Foot and mouth disease: An Indian perspectiveBhoj Raj Singh
FMD is an economically important disease of cloven-footed animals. It causes an estimated loss of Rs. 20-22 thousand crores per year to livestock owners in India. To control the disease, DAHDF of India launched a National FMD Control Program (FMD-CP) in 2003 with an outlay of about Rs. 500 crores a year by Central Government and each state government also invested an equally good amount of money. The program is ongoing all over India. However, results are humiliating and harassing. We are almost at the same spot from where we started 15 years back in 2003.
Progeny testing is a technique used to estimate the breeding value of sires based on the average performance of their offspring. Each offspring receives half of its genes from its sire, so evaluating the performance of a large number of progeny provides a better indication of a sire's breeding value. Progeny testing is commonly done for males since they can produce more offspring than females. Primary selection is based on sibling averages, with bulls having the highest averages selected for official progeny testing where their daughters' performances are analyzed to estimate the bull's breeding value. Testing more progeny per sire increases the accuracy by reducing sampling errors.
Ongoing disease control programmes in indiaBhoj Raj Singh
Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries sectors play an important role in the national economy and in the socio-economic development of the country. Livestock sector alone contributes 4.11% towards overall National GDP and 25.6% of total Agriculture GDP. The biggest impediment to growth of this sector, however, is the large-scale prevalence of diseases such as Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), Hemorrhagic Septicemia (HS), Brucellosis, Black Quarter (BQ) in cattle, Enterotoxaemia, Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) & Sheep-Goat Pox in sheep and goats and Swine Fever in pigs, which drastically affect the productivity of animals. The presence of this disease not only deters the domestic economy but also foreign investment in the livestock sector. Although India have been free from disease like Rinderpest, Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP), Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), presence of other economically important disease still threaten the very roots of livestock sector. This presentation describes various control programs that have been introduced by the Government of India, nationwide for controlling the infectious diseases of animals that have been or should be targeted for eradication or elimination, direct and indirect benefits from control programs, drawback issues and opportunities for the future.
Veterinary public health administration and organisationAneesha K N
This document discusses veterinary public health administration and organization. It describes key veterinary public health activities including addressing zoonotic diseases, food safety inspection, and environmental protection. It outlines the roles of public health teams at the local, district and national levels. The document also discusses planning and implementing veterinary public health programs in India, including constraints around resources, infrastructure and inter-sectoral collaboration. Effective veterinary public health requires an interdisciplinary approach and continued development given emerging issues.
Basis of selection in animal genetics and breeding Dr. Jayesh Vyas
The sources of information based on which the breeding value of the individual is estimated are called as the basis of selection or aids to selection or criteria of selection which are the basis of estimating the breeding value.
The breeding value so obtained is known as estimating breeding value(EBV)or probable breeding value(PBV).
The different selection criteria to estimates the B.V. of an individuals for single trait
This document discusses strategies for improving livestock extension services in India. It notes that current extension activities are sporadic and poorly organized, failing to meet the needs of most livestock farmers. It recommends strengthening pluralistic extension involving both public and private agencies. Specific strategies include improving research-extension linkages, capacity building through training programs, developing gender-sensitive extension practices, leveraging infrastructure and public-private partnerships, and incorporating information and communication technologies. The goal is to close the knowledge gap between farmers and the latest livestock production technologies.
This document discusses different group breeding schemes used for genetic improvement, including Open Nucleus Breeding Systems (ONBS) and Closed Nucleus Breeding Systems (CNBS). ONBS involves bidirectional gene flow between the nucleus herd and lower herds, while CNBS only allows upward gene flow from lower herds to the nucleus. Cooperative group breeding systems run ONBS cooperatively between farmers for increased selection intensity. The actual genetic gain depends on selection pressure and exchange rates between herds. Multiple Ovulation and Embryo Transfer techniques can also be used in nucleus schemes to further reduce generation intervals.
Blue tongue is a non-contagious, infectious, arthropod-borne viral disease of sheep, goat, cattle and deer, with a worldwide distribution. Initially, the disease was reported in sheep in South Africa in 1881 and it was ascribed as “epizootic catarrh”. In 1905, the disease was renamed as “blue tongue”. In India, the first outbreak of blue tongue disease in sheep and goat was reported by Sapre (1964) from Maharashtra. It is listed under category ‘A’ of disease by OIE. The presence of this disease disrupts international commerce by putting a trade barrier on the movement of animals, their germplasm as well as animal products (OIE Bulletin, 1998).
This document summarizes information about bovine tuberculosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium bovis. It primarily affects cattle but can infect many other species. Humans can contract it through ingesting unpasteurized dairy or inhaling infected aerosols. Control relies on test and slaughter programs along with pasteurization. Outbreaks in wildlife pose challenges. While treatable in humans, it remains an occupational hazard for farmers and abattoir workers in areas where bovine tuberculosis is endemic.
Recent Advances in Diagnosis of Foot-and-Mouth DiseasePervaiz Dar
This document discusses recent advances in diagnosing foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). It covers the importance of timely FMD diagnosis, the diagnostic window period, and methods for clinical and laboratory diagnosis. Key laboratory diagnostic techniques discussed include virus detection methods like real-time PCR and sequencing to identify FMD virus serotypes and lineages. Rapid pen-side diagnostics using lateral flow devices, infrared thermography and portable PCR platforms are also summarized. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) provides a sensitive molecular diagnostic alternative in a portable, lab-on-card format. The conclusion calls for increasing molecular diagnostics in Kashmir to identify circulating strains and support vaccine selection and monitoring.
Participatory epidemiology: A tool to evaluate impacts of FMD among livestock...ILRI
This document summarizes a study that used participatory epidemiology methods to evaluate the impact of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) among livestock owners in Cambodia. Key findings include: 1) Livestock owners ranked FMD as the second highest disease impact after hemorrhagic septicemia. 2) Village-level surveys estimated the relative incidence of FMD at 18% for cattle/buffaloes and 11% for pigs. 3) A capture-recapture analysis estimated the true number of FMD-infected villages in 2009 was 315, much higher than the 112 officially reported, indicating low levels of disease reporting.
Using a participatory approach to characterize HPAI outbreaks in Indonesian v...ILRI
Presented by Jost, C., Walker, P., Bett, B., Poole, J., Azar, M., Murahman, J., Daju, D., McLaws, M., Schoonman, L., Unger, F. and Mariner, J. at the PENAPH First Technical Workshop, Chiangmai, Thailand, 11 – 13 December 2012.
Este decreto establece la regulación para las entidades de certificación digital en Colombia. Define términos clave como iniciador, suscriptor, certificado y establece requisitos para entidades de certificación cerradas y abiertas, incluyendo acreditación de requisitos, infraestructura y recursos, garantías, y declaración de prácticas de certificación. El objetivo es regular el funcionamiento de las entidades de certificación para promover la confiabilidad y seguridad de las firmas digitales.
Participatory impact assessment of animal health through collective actionILRI
The document summarizes the Participatory Welfare Need Assessment (PWNA) process used by Brooke India to assess the health and welfare of working horses, mules, and donkeys. The PWNA is a participatory tool that facilitates communities to (1) develop their own indicators for assessing equine health and welfare, (2) identify issues, and (3) take collective action to improve husbandry practices and health status. It involves forming equine welfare groups, indicator development, transect walks to record data, analysis of results, and repeated assessments to monitor impact over time. The goal is to build community capabilities and empower owners to sustainably improve animal health and welfare.
A participatory methodology to assess the factors influencing performances of...ILRI
Presented by Alexis Delabouglise, Nicolas Antoine-Moussiaux, Phan Dang Thang, Nguyen Tien Thanh, Dao Cong Duan, Pham Thi Thanh Hoa, Dao Thi Hiep, Vu Dinh Ton, Nguyen Viet Khong, Aurélie Binot, François Roger, Marisa Peyre at the PENAPH First Technical Workshop, Chiangmai, Thailand, 11 – 13 December 2012.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Presentation by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 28–30 November 2023.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Poster by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione presented at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 29 November 2023.
A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...ILRI
Presentation by Silvia Alonso, Jef L. Leroy, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Delia Grace at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...ILRI
Poster by Silvia Alonso, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas, Delia Grace and Jef L. Leroy presented at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Preventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseasesILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
Preventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne diseaseILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistanceILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countriesILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet at the first technical meeting to launch the Food Safety Working Group under the One Health Partnership framework, Hanoi, Vietnam, 28 September 2023
The Food Safety Working Group (FSWG) in Vietnam was created in 2015 at the request of the Deputy Prime Minister to address food safety issues in the country. It brings together government agencies, ministries, and development partners to facilitate joint policy dialogue and improve food safety. Over eight years of operations led by different organizations, the FSWG has contributed to various initiatives. However, it faces challenges of diminished government participation over time and dependence on active members. Going forward, it will strengthen its operations by integrating under Vietnam's One Health Partnership framework to better engage stakeholders and achieve policy impacts.
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in UgandaILRI
Presentation by Lordrick Alinaitwe, Martin Wainaina, Salome Dürr, Clovice Kankya, Velma Kivali, James Bugeza, Martin Richter, Kristina Roesel, Annie Cook and Anne Mayer-Scholl at the University of Bern Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences Symposium, Bern, Switzerland, 29 June 2023.
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...ILRI
Presentation by Patricia Koech, Winnie Ogutu, Linnet Ochieng, Delia Grace, George Gitao, Lily Bebora, Max Korir, Florence Mutua and Arshnee Moodley at the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...ILRI
Poster by Max Korir, Joel Lutomiah and Bernard Bett presented the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farmsILRI
Poster by Lydiah Kisoo, Dishon M. Muloi, Walter Oguta, Daisy Ronoh, Lynn Kirwa, James Akoko, Eric Fèvre, Arshnee Moodley and Lillian Wambua presented at Tropentag 2023, Berlin, Germany, 20–22 September 2023.
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
Things to Consider When Choosing a Website Developer for your Website | FODUUFODUU
Choosing the right website developer is crucial for your business. This article covers essential factors to consider, including experience, portfolio, technical skills, communication, pricing, reputation & reviews, cost and budget considerations and post-launch support. Make an informed decision to ensure your website meets your business goals.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
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3. Introduction
Transboundary Animal Diseases (TADs) are
epidemic diseases which are highly contagious and
have the potential for very rapid spread, irrespective
of national borders.
These diseases cause a high morbidity and mortality
in susceptible animal populations causing serious socio-
economic and possibly public health consequences.
Their economic importance is a major constraint in
international trade.
4. Objectives
To determine the presence or absence of TADs
using PE methods in Plateau State
To improve the detection & reporting of TADs in
Nigeria using PDS.
5. Methodology
The study was conducted in 35 villages from six
local government areas in the Northern senatorial
zone of the state
PDS Team – 3vets and 1 animal health worker
Pre-advocacy visits were conducted
All age groups of farmers and women were
interviewed for more viable results.
7. Data Analysis
Data was analyzed as indicated in “A Manual for
Participatory Disease Surveillance Practitioners:
Introduction to participatory epidemiology and its
application to highly pathogenic avian influenza
participatory disease surveillance”.
9. Fig I: Livestock species and ranking based on
population in 35 villages in Plateau state
Simple ranking
160
140
120
100
80
Simple ranking
60
40
20
0
Poultry Sheep Dogs Pigs Cattle Cats
and goats
10. Table 1: Poultry diseases and their local names in
35 villages of Plateau state
Diseases/ Infestation Local names in Hausa
language
Newcastle Disease (ND) Farin kasha, Farin zawo,
Zawo,
Ro chowo (Berom language)
Fowl pox Kuraje
Chronic Respiratory Tari, Mura
Disease (CRD)
Lousiness Kwarkwata
Coccidiosis Kashin jinni
11. Fig II: Diseases of poultry and ranking using
PP in 35 villages of Plateau state
Ranking using PP
180
160
140
120
100
80
60 Ranking using PP
40
20
0
Newcastle Fowl pox CRD Lousiness Coccidiosis
disease
(ND)
12. Table 2: Diseases of Sheep and goats and their
local names in 35 villages of Plateau state
Diseases/ Infestaion Local names in Hausa/Fulani
languages*
Peste de Petit Ruminant Zawo, Mura, Zawo da
(PPR) majina, Atini,
Faciolosis Hanta, Masassaku
Helminthosis Tsutsan ciki
Foot rot Ciwon Kafa
Mange Makenkero
CCPP Mura, Tari
Trypanosomosis Samore*
Streptothricosis Kirchi
Ectoparasitism Kaska, Kwarkwata
13. Fig III: Ranking of diseases of sheep and goats in
35 villages of Plateau state
Ranking usin PP, Matrix scoring
350
300
250
200
150
100 Ranking usin PP, Matrix
scoring
50
0
14. Table 3: Diseases/Infestation of cattle and local
names in 35 villages of Plateau state
Diseases/ Infestation Local names in Hausa/Fulani
languages*
Foot and Mouth Mboru *
Disease (FMD)
Faciolosis Ciwon hanta, Masassaku
Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia Huhu
(CBPP)
Helminthosis Zawo
Dermatophylosis Kirchi
Trypanosomosis Samore*
Lumpy skin disease Mbolo *
Ectoparasitism (tick Kaska
infestation)
15. Fig IV: Diseases of cattle and ranking in 35
villages of Plateau state
Ranking using PP, Matrix scoring and DIMS
160
140
120
100
80
60
40 Ranking using PP, Matrix
scoring and DIMS
20
0
16. Table 4: Diseases of pigs and their local names
in 35 villages of Plateau state
Diseases Local names in Hausa language
Helminthosis Ampul, Tsusan chiki
Lousiness Kwarkwata
African Swine Fever Zazzabi/ciwon aladu
(ASF)
Cysticercosis _
Mange _
Diamond skin disease _
17. Fig V: Diseases of pigs and ranking in 35
villages of Plateau state
Ranking using PP, Matrix scoring, DIMS
70 Ranking using PP, Matrix scoring
60 70
50 60
40 50
30 40
20 30
10 20 Ranking using PP, Matrix
0 10 Ranking usingDIMS
scoring, PP,
0 Matrix scoring
18. Table V: Diseases of dogs and their local names
in 35 villages of Plateau state
Diseases/ Infestation Local names in Hausa language
Rabies Huakan Kare
Helminthosis Tsusan Chiki
Myiasis Tsusan Jiki
Parvovirus enteritis _
Ectoparasitism (lice and Kwarkwata, Kaska
tick infestation)
Mange _
19. Fig VI: Diseases of dogs and ranking in 35
villages of Plateau state
Ranking using PP, Matrix scoring, DIMS
120
100
80
60
40
20 Ranking using PP, Matrix
scoring, DIMS
0
20. Transboundary animal diseases of livestock
species in 35 villages of Plateau state
Poultry: Newcastle Disease (ND)
Sheep and goats: Peste de Petit Ruminant
(PPR)
Cattle: Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD),
Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP)
and Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD).
Pigs: ASF
Dogs: Rabies
21. Challenges faced in livestock rearing
Challenges faced by the farmers in these villages
include:
Diseases
Access to veterinary services.
Drought during dry season.
Predation of chicks by hawks.
Lack of housing for local birds.
Poverty still poses challenges in the use of veterinary
drugs and services by the farmers in these communities.
22. Table VI: Ethno-veterinary practices in the 35
villages in Plateau state
Specie Disease/symptom Local treatment
Poultry Newcastle Disease Cactus, Decoction of cactus
+ gautan kaji (a plant fruit
in hausa language), Pepper
in water.
Fowl pox Use of palm oil on affected
areas.
Sheep and Goats Peste de Petit Ruminant Grounded Boaboa leaves
(PPR). (kuka in Hausa language)+
Maize or guinea corn bran,
orally.
Mange Hawa (fish poison) in Hausa
dialect, applying it on the
Affected areas.
Contagious ecthyma Mahogany oil + balm,
rubbed on the affected
area
23. Table VI: Ethno-veterinary practices in the 35
villages in Plateau state
Species Disease/Symptom Local tretment
Sheep and goats Cough Lemon extract administered
orally.
Diarrhea kuka (boaboa leaves)
grounded + potash,
administer orally
Loss of appetite Daddawan baso (Hausa
dialect) made from locust
bean seeds is given to
increase appetite.
Cattle Lumpy Skin Disease Branding.
Fasciolosis Mahogany.
Trypanosomosis Mahogany + salt + potash
Swellings Branding
Dogs Rabies Use of pia or cocoyam
Myiasis / Helminthosis Ogogoro (locally brewed
beer) administered orally
24. What went well?
Commitment of the team (committed to the work, time
conscious and cooperative)
Good relationship with fieldworkers (Animal health
workers at the rural level)
Know the livestock species kept and disease profile
Ability to acquire disease status and season of
occurrence in communities which gives information for
effective disease control
25. What went well? Cont’d
Identification and recognition of seasonal
occurrences - planning of intervention programmes
(ND vaccination in rural poultry).
Increase awareness on disease reporting in the
grassroots
Exposure of Animal Health workers to PE
Exposure to most parts of the state, opportunity to
meet and interact with communities with different
ethnic diversities
26. What went well? Cont’d
Potential for private veterinary practice identified
Federal Government intervention through Sanitary
mandate Veterinarian
Proffer solution to some problems that farmers face
(control of ND don’t buy sick chickens from the market
and introduce to your own) and other biosecurity
measures.
Enlightenment of farmers on zoonotic/notifiable
diseases
27. What went well? Cont’d
Pictorial presentation of animal and their disease
conditions elicits quick response from respondents
The communities were receptive and cooperative
Promises were not made to raise their expectation
(Appraisal team are not decision makers!)
28. What did not go well?
Inability to proffer immediate solutions to some of
their problems
Difficult terrain
Hoarding of knowledge on traditional remedies
Inability to identify some of the trees and plants
used for ethno veterinary medicine
Dominance by opinion leaders
29. Conclusion
PDS has revealed the presence of transboundary
animal diseases in Plateau state.
PDS has provided insight on the challenges faced
by rural farmers in livestock rearing.
PDS also revealed the existence of
ethnoveterinary practices in rural areas and the
need for veterinary services.
This study shows that there is a need for PDS to be
integrated into our surveillance system
30. Acknowledgement
Early Detection Response Surveillance for Avian
Influenza in Africa (EDRSAIA)
International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI)
National Animal Disease Information and
Surveillance, Nigeria (NADIS)
Support Programme for National Action Plan for
Avian Influenza (SPINAP)