This document discusses elements of inclusive education. It begins by defining inclusive education and special education. It describes how teachers must make arrangements to provide content to students with different abilities, including learning disabilities, visual or hearing impairments, etc. It discusses social participation in inclusive classrooms and ensuring students with special needs are included. It also covers curriculum modifications like adjusting, modifying or scaffolding content. The document provides tips for teachers on supporting students with auditory, visual, or intellectual impairments. It emphasizes the importance of flexibility and making individualized accommodations.
Quality Improvement in Inclusive Education for Teacher Educationijtsrd
Inclusive elite is the need of an hour that can be made possible only when there is total encompassment in education. Now inclusive education is the most executable plan of getting across of education to each. The meaning of inclusion has emerged as a result of Social justice movement in the field of disability which emphasizes that the school create an environment in which children with special needs are seen as an active member of the social continuity with competence and capability for making positive contribution Inclusive education as a concept is notion that requires school to react to the varying abilities of children. Inclusive education is a human right approach and the philosophy for attaining equity, justice and quality education for all children, especially those who have been traditionally excluded from mainstream education due to disability, ethnicity, gender or other characteristics, it is a human right approach, UNESCO has defined that it is a process of addressing and responding to the diverse needs of all scholars by raising participation in learning and reducing expulsion in and from education. In this context of education, the restructuring of school on inclusive lines is a reflection of the Social model in action. Shaikh Mateen Latif "Quality Improvement in Inclusive Education for Teacher Education" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46423.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/46423/quality-improvement-in-inclusive-education-for-teacher-education/shaikh-mateen-latif
Hybrid learning is a way of combining traditional classroom experiences, experiential learning objectives, and digital course delivery that emphasizes using the best option for each learning objective
Quality Improvement in Inclusive Education for Teacher Educationijtsrd
Inclusive elite is the need of an hour that can be made possible only when there is total encompassment in education. Now inclusive education is the most executable plan of getting across of education to each. The meaning of inclusion has emerged as a result of Social justice movement in the field of disability which emphasizes that the school create an environment in which children with special needs are seen as an active member of the social continuity with competence and capability for making positive contribution Inclusive education as a concept is notion that requires school to react to the varying abilities of children. Inclusive education is a human right approach and the philosophy for attaining equity, justice and quality education for all children, especially those who have been traditionally excluded from mainstream education due to disability, ethnicity, gender or other characteristics, it is a human right approach, UNESCO has defined that it is a process of addressing and responding to the diverse needs of all scholars by raising participation in learning and reducing expulsion in and from education. In this context of education, the restructuring of school on inclusive lines is a reflection of the Social model in action. Shaikh Mateen Latif "Quality Improvement in Inclusive Education for Teacher Education" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46423.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/46423/quality-improvement-in-inclusive-education-for-teacher-education/shaikh-mateen-latif
Hybrid learning is a way of combining traditional classroom experiences, experiential learning objectives, and digital course delivery that emphasizes using the best option for each learning objective
New Education Policy 2020 - Big changes in CBSE and Higher EducationTheCareerGalaxy
The Modi Government announced the new education policy 2020 which bring several major reforms in Education Sector in India. The NEP, approved by Union Cabinte on Wednesday brings out major reforms in School and higher education including teaching. In school education, the policy focuse on overhauling the curriculum and easire the board exams.
A webinar on 'Barriers and Facilitators of Inclusive Education' organised by Department of Education,
Manonmaniam Sundaranar University,
Tirunelveli.
Invited Resource Person
Dr V. Sasikala
Formerly Assistant Professor (T)
Department of Education
Manonmaniam Sundaranar University,
Tirunelveli-12
Barriers and Opportunities of Inclusive Education in Present Educational Systemijtsrd
Inclusive education allows for universal inclusion, participation and achievement of all children, including children with specific learning difficulties. Children form a heterogeneous group with diverse cognitive deficits, special educational needs and strengths, and have a legislated right to the continuum of both assistance and support programmes for all level education system. The goal is to eliminate all barriers in order to achieve learning on individual goals while participating in the life of the classroom with other students by their own age. But this conception and out coming at present scenario by this process is not successful because there is some problem arises for inclusive education such as disability, gender, emotional/ behavioral problems, family background, ethnicity, giftedness, migrants, poverty, hearing or visual impairment, language delay, among others. There is some positive implementation of inclusive learning, teaching and assessment strategies. Teachers should keep in mind that these outcomes apply to all and access to general schools for people with disabilities is an advance in the education. However, barriers to learning and participation hinder the school routine of inclusive students, hence the need for resources - human, tangible, political etc. from the schools, parents, families and their communities. Dr. Mita Howladar"Barriers and Opportunities of Inclusive Education in Present Educational System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd14290.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/zoology/14290/barriers-and-opportunities-of-inclusive-education-in-present-educational-system/dr-mita-howladar
New Education Policy 2020 - Big changes in CBSE and Higher EducationTheCareerGalaxy
The Modi Government announced the new education policy 2020 which bring several major reforms in Education Sector in India. The NEP, approved by Union Cabinte on Wednesday brings out major reforms in School and higher education including teaching. In school education, the policy focuse on overhauling the curriculum and easire the board exams.
A webinar on 'Barriers and Facilitators of Inclusive Education' organised by Department of Education,
Manonmaniam Sundaranar University,
Tirunelveli.
Invited Resource Person
Dr V. Sasikala
Formerly Assistant Professor (T)
Department of Education
Manonmaniam Sundaranar University,
Tirunelveli-12
Barriers and Opportunities of Inclusive Education in Present Educational Systemijtsrd
Inclusive education allows for universal inclusion, participation and achievement of all children, including children with specific learning difficulties. Children form a heterogeneous group with diverse cognitive deficits, special educational needs and strengths, and have a legislated right to the continuum of both assistance and support programmes for all level education system. The goal is to eliminate all barriers in order to achieve learning on individual goals while participating in the life of the classroom with other students by their own age. But this conception and out coming at present scenario by this process is not successful because there is some problem arises for inclusive education such as disability, gender, emotional/ behavioral problems, family background, ethnicity, giftedness, migrants, poverty, hearing or visual impairment, language delay, among others. There is some positive implementation of inclusive learning, teaching and assessment strategies. Teachers should keep in mind that these outcomes apply to all and access to general schools for people with disabilities is an advance in the education. However, barriers to learning and participation hinder the school routine of inclusive students, hence the need for resources - human, tangible, political etc. from the schools, parents, families and their communities. Dr. Mita Howladar"Barriers and Opportunities of Inclusive Education in Present Educational System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd14290.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/zoology/14290/barriers-and-opportunities-of-inclusive-education-in-present-educational-system/dr-mita-howladar
Teaching Strategies and Functional Skills of Learners with Special Educationa...ijtsrd
This study investigated the influence of teaching strategies in developing the functional skills of Learners with Special Educational Needs in the Division of Toledo City during the school year 2018 2019 as a basis for the intervention plan. It utilized the descriptive statistics to appropriately present, describe, analyze and infer the responses of the respondent groups through survey questionnaires. Fortunately, the researcher was able to get the total population of the group respondents. There were 43 subjects and 13 respondents. Data on the profile of the subjects and respondents were considered. The distribution of the learners as to identify the functional skills and strategies employed by the teachers in teaching functional skills to Learners with Special Educational Needs were the main concern of this study. Based on the findings, it is concluded that there is a need for an intervention plan so the needs of the Learners with Special educational Needs will be addressed. Though teachers already employed various teaching strategies and interventions to stimulate the development of the learners’ critical and analytical thinking and independent learning, but still there is a room for employing new strategies and interventions to enrich the classroom instructions as the teachers observed some difficulties on their learning process. The world is changing and advancing day by day, so teachers need to be technology savvies as well, in order to meet new global emerging demands. Dr. Richie L. Labajo "Teaching Strategies and Functional Skills of Learners with Special Educational Needs" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-7 , December 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52310.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/52310/teaching-strategies-and-functional-skills-of-learners-with-special-educational-needs/dr-richie-l-labajo
Educators’ perceptions of inclusive education for learners with physical disa...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: While the practice of inclusive education has recently been widely embraced as an ideal model
for education, the acceptance of inclusive education practices has not translated into reality in most mainstream
classrooms. Even though education policies in South Africa stipulate that all learners should be provided with
the opportunities to participate as far as possible in all classroom activities, the implementation of inclusive
education is still hampered by a combination of a lack of resources and the attitudes and actions of the educators
in the classroom. The main purpose of this paper is to develop a deeper understanding of educators' personal
understanding of the barriers to learning and how their understanding relates to their consequent actions to
implement inclusive education in mainstream classrooms. A qualitative research approach was used to establish
their perspectives and to frame questions regarding their perceptions and understanding. The findings, in this
paper, indicate that the way in which educators understand the diversity of learning needs is based on the
training that they received, which focused on a deficit, individualised approach to the barriers that encounter
learning and development.
KEYWORDS: barriers to learning; inclusive education; mainstream classrooms; inclusion
Monitoring checklist for public inclusive schools in lagos stateAdebukola Adebayo
This Monitoring Checklist is developed as a tool to guide the mainstreaming of the
inclusivity and accessibility needs of children with disabilities into the design, planning
and implementation of inclusive education at primary and secondary school levels.
It is designed to guide the formulation and implementation of inclusive education laws,
policies, programmes and activities, as well as buildings, materials, technologies,
audiovisuals, publications and documents, etc.
An Investigation into the Robustness of the Assessment of Learners with Speci...ijtsrd
Education for learners with special needs remains a challenge for developing countries like Lesotho where development of infrastructure and appropriate training for personnel is still at its infancy. With the number of learners with special needs on the rise, lack of basic necessities has compelled such learners to be absorbed in the main stream education system, leaving educators frustrated. Although having all inclusive education as professed by the government may be an ideal situation for learners with special needs, what remains a barrier is the mode of assessment for such learners. The study sought to establish the depth and breadth of the assessment of learners with special needs in Lesotho. The study was conducted using the qualitative methodology. The in depth interviews were conducted in order to get a thorough and informed insight that reveals how learners with special needs are evaluated. Documents such as Education Act 2010, The National Constitution and Children's Protection and Welfare Act 2011 were analysed to assess whether they respond to the needs of such learners. The informant selection techniques employed were convenience and purposive sampling. respondents were selected based on their availability and willingness to respond. The findings were analysed using thematic method of analysis. The study revealed that the government has not done enough to ensure inclusive education. This is evidenced by lack of clear policies for learners with special needs, as well as facilities and trained personnel for such learners. Tsepiso Mncina | Tawanda Mukurunge, | Takura Bhila "An Investigation into the Robustness of the Assessment of Learners with Special Needs: Case of Leseli Community School" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29183.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/agricultural-engineering/29183/an-investigation-into-the-robustness-of-the-assessment-of-learners-with-special-needs-case-of-leseli-community-school/tsepiso-mncina
Inclusivity among Special Education Learners The Pros and Consijtsrd
This research emphasizes that understanding the pros and cons of including special education learners in general education classrooms is an important factor today. The role and competencies of teachers are also highlighted, as well as their effective use of inclusivity in the formation of equity in education. Jeric H. Pediglorio "Inclusivity among Special Education Learners: The Pros and Cons" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52818.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/other/52818/inclusivity-among-special-education-learners-the-pros-and-cons/jeric-h-pediglorio
Presented at the Regional Consultation on the Development of New Education and Training Policy and Strategy at CDB in St. Michael, Barbados on July 2016
Supporting Special Needs Children in Early childhood centers: Providing Inclu...mansurali2343
Early Learning Centre is a new kind of early childhood education where children get an enriching, play-based curriculum that includes developmentally appropriate activities. We provide children with skills for the future and a positive school experience. At the KG1 and KG2 Levels, an experiential, play-based, and developmentally appropriate curriculum has been designed based on both NYSED standards as well as additional standards. We help parents and students in KG1 and KG2 with early learning programs that are developmentally appropriate and have a proven track record of success.
The goal of special and inclusive education is to ensure that all students, including those with disabilities or diverse learning needs, have access to quality education that meets their individual requirements. Here's a breakdown of the goal and scope of special and inclusive education:
**Goal**:
1. **Equitable Access**: Special and inclusive education aims to provide equitable access to education for all students, regardless of their abilities, backgrounds, or differences. This means removing barriers to learning and ensuring that every student has the opportunity to reach their full potential.
2. **Student Success**: The primary goal is to promote the academic, social, emotional, and vocational success of all students. Special education focuses on addressing the specific learning needs of students with disabilities, while inclusive education emphasizes creating environments where all students can thrive.
3. **Inclusion and Participation**: Special and inclusive education seek to foster inclusive schools and classrooms where every student feels welcome, valued, and supported. This involves promoting participation, collaboration, and positive relationships among students, teachers, and the broader school community.
4. **Individualization and Differentiation**: Special and inclusive education recognize that each student is unique and may require different types and levels of support. The goal is to provide individualized instruction and interventions tailored to the strengths, needs, and preferences of each student.
5. **Empowerment and Self-Advocacy**: Special and inclusive education aim to empower students to advocate for themselves, make choices about their education, and participate actively in decision-making processes. This includes promoting self-determination, self-confidence, and self-advocacy skills.
**Scope**:
1. **Early Intervention**: Special and inclusive education may begin in early childhood with interventions and support services designed to identify and address developmental delays or disabilities as early as possible.
2. **K-12 Education**: Special and inclusive education encompass all levels of education, from kindergarten through grade 12. This includes providing accommodations, modifications, and support services to students with disabilities in general education classrooms, as well as specialized instruction in special education settings when needed.
3. **Transition Planning**: Special and inclusive education involve preparing students with disabilities for post-secondary education, employment, and independent living. This may include transition planning, vocational training, job placement services, and community integration programs.
4. **Collaboration and Professional Development**: Special and inclusive education require collaboration among educators, administrators, families, and community stakeholders to ensure that the needs of all students are met effectively. This involves ongoing professional development,
Similar to Designing Fundamental Elements for Inclusive Education (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
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and demonstrated within discrete socio-political
contexts.
Policies concerning Education of Children with
Disabilities in India
A Plan of inclusion needs to be enforced in all
schools and through our educational organization.
The engagement of all children needs to be
ascertained in all spheres of their life in and out of the
school. Schools need to focus on preparing children
for life and ensure that all children, particularly the
differently abled, children from demoted sections, and
children in difficult contexts get the utmost benefit of
this vital area of education.
The constitution of India and the educational policies
envisioned a perseverance and dedication to the
fulfilment of UEE. The constitution denotes that free
and mandatory education should be allowed for all
children until they reach the age of 14 years.
The National Educational Policy of 1968 by
following the commission’s advices and proposal to
the expansion of educational amenities for physically
and mentally disabled. Children, and the development
of an ‘integrated programme’ enabling challenged
children to study in regular schools.
National /Apex level Institutes set up
• In Dehradun, National Institute for the Visually
Handicapped (1982),
• In Calcutta, National Institute for the
Orthopedically Handicapped (1982),
• In Mumbai, Ali Yavar Jung National Institute for
the Hearing Handicapped (1983),
• In Hyderabad, National Institute for the Mentally
Handicapped (1984),
• In Orissa, National Institute of Rehabilitation,
Training and Research (1984),
• In Delhi, Rehabilitation Council of India (1986),
• Another in Delhi, Institute for the Physically
Handicapped (1976)
Majority of the educationally modernized countries
like USA, Canada, UK, Australia, Finland and
Norway etc., have already made essential policies by
conducting enough of discussions admitting the
people such as teachers, researchers, parents,
politicians and special children too but above all
social participation is a vital role to play in Inclusive
Education
Social Participation
The inclusion of pupils with special needs into regular
education is an important education policy in many
countries. Research has shown that broadened social
chances are parent’s primary purpose for their child’s
regular school arrangement. However, in some
instances, positive contacts and friendships amongst
pupils with special needs and their peers without
different needs do not occur instinctively. A study of
Norwegian inclusive classrooms suggests that
between 20 and 25% of pupils with special needs are
not socially included in their peer group, whereas for
their typical peers this is only eight per cent.
One of the review study shows that an evaluation of
the effects of mainstreaming on social contacts
between pupils with special needs and their typical
peers provides contradictory conclusions. Some
studies report no effects, others report positive effects
(like increase of social contacts and friendships), and
whereas a few report negative effects (like increased
bullying and negative interaction). A problem with
assessing the social aspect of inclusion is the
indistinctness of the concepts scholars use. Different
constructs are adopted to describe the social
conception of inclusion. Three jointure concepts,
namely “social engagement”, “social incorporation”,
and “social involvement”, are used often by
researchers. However, there is uncertainty about their
meaning. Koster et al. made a review of literature
aimed at enlightening these concepts and disclosing
characteristic themes.
Curriculum
The individual with disabilities extends with role of
curriculum with special education students to grow.
This reauthorization expected increased access to the
general program for all students with disabilities. This
statutory necessity and the growth of technology
tolerating for specialized dispersal and engagement of
instructional constituents offers opportunities and
challenges for today’s educationalists, especially
those helping students with restrained to severe
disabilities.
To engage fully with the curriculum the challenges
often found in providing adapted or modified
instructional curriculum for students with disabilities
which frequently limits opportunities. The traditional
design of curricula found in today’s textbooks deals
with fundamental flaw to support assorted student
ability levels in lack of adjustments or system. The
instructional curriculum can be altered, adjusted,
modified, or scaffolded to lack of ease of the
curriculum materials themselves in part due to the
traditional print based format. The traditional print
based format needed to meet the many diverse
instructional needs of today’s students is one that no
longer affords the flexibility. To meet the growing
diversity of student needs a digital curriculum is one
that does offer teachers the tools and flexibility.
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In today’s standards based program currently
foundisa school program offered in digital format
should supply engaging activities that support and
enhance academic rigor. It should also offer new and
engaging instructional activities that bring to bear
functional skill development often taught in self-
contained classrooms. One such wayare Digital
Learning Vignettes (DLV). Audio or video activities
to support and enhance instruction aligned to the
general curriculum will be encompass by Digital
Learning Vignettes. The opportunity to gain rich
insight into new instructional content through flexible
forms when presented in digital format, students of all
ability levels have instructional presentation using
such examples as audio feedback or scaffolded text.
Breaking a task into smaller more manageable parts is
included in Scaffolding formats.
Students with Moderate/Severe Disabilities
Access the General Curriculum
All too often, instructional modifications are rarely
made during the instructional program have revealed
that even for student with mild disabilities. Lowering
potentials on the learner is the main choice. Other
modifications include extended time assessment
formats, 1:1 assistance and alternate curriculum, etc.
To lesson delivery few teachers offered altered
instructional approaches. Lowering the expectations
of the learner is most favoured adaptations. All
students including those with moderate to severe
disabilities educators should consider new approaches
to curriculum presentation challenges facing teachers
working with the students with learning disabilities.
To increase access to the general curriculum advocate
the use of universal design principles. Without
sacrificing solid instructional practice or high
expectations allow teachers to easily alter their
delivery would flexible digital curriculum
encompassing universal design principles the
complex instructional needs of the student population.
Afforded high expectations the same as all students
should be done with students with mental disabilities.
The authors noted that one boulevard of
accomplishing this was through immediately
requiring increased access to the general program by
way of enclosure of students in states standards based
improvement efforts and liability systems.
Teacher tips for Supporting Pupils with
Disabilities
Teaching Students with Auditory Deficits should be
instructed as,
• Face students when speaking.
• Slow down your rate of speaking.
• Use short, one-concept statements.
• On the chalkboard or through handouts written
present information.
• Orally presented to visualize material can
encourage students.
• Related to ideas being presented interact
opportunity with touch and materials should be
provided to students.
Tips for Teaching Students with Visual
Deficits
• Keep visual information simple and uncluttered.
• Leave extra space between works, sentences, and
lines when writing on the board.
• Promote students to ask for improvement of
visual data.
• Inspire students to talk through steps while
figuring out problems.
• Outline of papers verbally before writing have to
be done by students.
• Teach reading through a phonics approach.
Teaching Tips for Intellectually Impaired
• Never underestimate these students’ abilities.
• Give lots of praise.
• Provide prompt feedback Put safety first.
• Minimize verbal teaching and express actual
learning experiences.
• Limit distractions as much as possible.
• Provide peer support to all the children through
collaborative teaching and learning strategies.
Policies and directions for the future: It is realized
that the methods adopted so far may not be enough to
achieve education for all within the next few years.
Succeeding government policy should deal precisely
with the question of equity. One way to accomplish
this is by meeting the educational needs of deprived
children. This shift in plan would require additional
training services and governmental support for
structure development. Local authorities can be
drawn on initially.
Methods of teaching like Dialogue mode, discussion,
role playing, co-operative learning, and
dramatization, teaching models etc., also play an
important role in inclusive education, for that teachers
have to be prepared on different methodologies and
build the capacities of teachers.
Conclusion
In Inclusive Education system the teacher has to
understand and make necessary arrangements for
providing content to all variety of students like,
learning disability, deaf or hard of hearing, visual,
emotional, speech, orthopaedic and other common
non-disabled students. There are certain things that
are unique to require to specific disability, for
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example, A blind child and would require a writer, he
dictates the answer and writer writes for the blind
child and child with loco- motor disability or he/she
can be given computer for writing such modifications
and flexibility should be there in the learning
environment in the class room. But the content would
be same for all children. However, despite the
importance of teachers and their pedagogies as agents
of change, we should not lose sight of the ‘public
pedagogies’ and their prodigious impact on the
policymaking process.
References
[1] Armstrong, F. Barton, L. and Armstrong, F.
(eds) (1999). Histories of annexation: Views on
the history of special learning. Difference and
difficulty: Insights, issues, and dilemmas pp.
79-81. University of Sheffield Press Sheffield.
[2] Amstrong, F. (2003). Spaced out: Policy,
difference and the challenge of inclusive
education Kluwer, London.
[3] Baker, J., &Zigmond, N. (1990). Are regular
education classes provided to comply students
with learning disabilities? Exceptional
Children, 56, 515-526.
[4] Barnett, L., & Li, Y. (1997). Disability support
services in community college. (Research Brief
ACC-RB-97-1). Washington, DC: AACC.
[5] Barton, L. and Slee, R. (1999) contest, selection
and comprehensive education: Some
observations. International Journal of Inclusive
Education 3:1, pp. 3-12, [informa world]
[6] Brown, L, Branston, M. B, Hamre-Nietupski,
S., Pumpian, 1, Certo, N, &Gruenewald, L.
(1979). A scheme for formulating consecutive
age conquer and purposeful curricular content
for censoriously handicapped teenagers and
young adults. TJSE, 13(1). 81-90.