The design and optimization of rotary tillage tool on the basis of simulation and finite element method is done by using ANSYS software. The different rotary tillage tool parts are geometrically constrained with preparation of solid model of blades and simulation has been done with actual field performance rating parameters along with boundary conditions. The proposed work results are identifying sufficient tolerance in changing the material such as EN 8 steel and EN 24 steel. The dimensions of rotavator blade sections and to rise the life cycle of the blades for a reliable strength. The present geometry working model with tillage blade is analysed to new design change constraints of its geometry for the maximum weed removal efficiency by presenting its analysis results from the field performance.
This document summarizes the key components and functions of a tractor power transmission system. It discusses the basic components which include the clutch, gearbox, differential, final drive, and drive wheels. It then explains the purpose and operation of each component, including how the clutch connects and disconnects power, how the gearbox selects speeds and directions, how the differential equalizes power for turning, and how the final drive reduces speed and increases torque. The document also covers power take-off systems and the various types of tractor wheels and tires.
This document discusses disc harrows, which are farming implements used for secondary tillage operations like breaking up soil clods and destroying weeds. It describes the different types of disc harrows including single action, double action, and offset harrows. The parts of a disc harrow like the frame, discs, arbor bolt, and scrapers are defined. Forces acting on disc harrows and factors to consider when selecting a disc harrow are also summarized.
The document provides information on tractors and their systems. It discusses the definition and requirements of tractors, the development of tractors over time including key inventions and manufacturers, classifications of tractors based on construction type and purpose, components of tractors including engines, transmissions, differentials, and hydraulic systems, and the selection and functions of tractors for different uses.
INTRODUCTION
Tillage may be defined as the mechanical manipulation of soil for nurturing crops.
The objectives of soil tillage are:
To develop a desirable soil structure for a seedbed
To control weeds or remove unwanted crop plants.
To manage plant residues.
To minimize soil erosion by following such practices as contour tillage
To establish specific surface configurations for planting, irrigating, drainage, or harvesting operations.
To incorporate and mix fertilizers, manure, pesticides
Day 10 Calibration, Adjustment of Seed Drill, Planter and Sprayer LectureSuyog Khose
The document provides information about a lecture on calibration and adjustment of seed drills, planters, and sprayers. It discusses the functions of planters and different aspects of seed metering. It describes common components of seeding devices and seed drill metering mechanisms. It also covers planter metering mechanisms, components of planters, and types of transplanters. The document provides details about calibrating seed drills and evaluating planter performance. It discusses troubleshooting issues in sowing operations and the use of sprayers for chemical weed control.
The document summarizes the lubrication system of an internal combustion (IC) engine. It discusses the purposes of lubrication which are to reduce wear, reduce friction, provide cooling, create a seal, and clean the engine. It describes the splash and forced feed lubrication systems. The splash system uses splashing oil to lubricate while the forced feed system uses an oil pump to directly pump oil to parts. Key components of the forced feed system include the oil pump, oil filter, crankcase breather, and relief valve.
This document summarizes information about power take-off (PTO) systems on tractors and the hazards associated with them. It notes that PTOs transfer power from tractors to farm implements like augers, spreaders, and mowers. The document then discusses how PTOs operate at high speeds and can be dangerous if not properly shielded. It provides statistics showing that most PTO incidents involve stationary equipment and occur when the PTO is left engaged without the equipment moving.
A gearbox manages a series of gear ratios to deliver power from an engine to a transmission. It provides multiple torque ratios for varying acceleration and climbing gradients, and allows for reversing the vehicle's motion. A sliding mesh gearbox typically has 3 forward gears and 1 reverse gear. It uses spur gears on the main shaft that engage with gears on the lay shaft by sliding into position. When the engine is running and clutch engaged, power flows from the clutch shaft gear to the lay shaft gears, but the main shaft remains idle until a gear is engaged to transfer power through the transmission.
This document summarizes the key components and functions of a tractor power transmission system. It discusses the basic components which include the clutch, gearbox, differential, final drive, and drive wheels. It then explains the purpose and operation of each component, including how the clutch connects and disconnects power, how the gearbox selects speeds and directions, how the differential equalizes power for turning, and how the final drive reduces speed and increases torque. The document also covers power take-off systems and the various types of tractor wheels and tires.
This document discusses disc harrows, which are farming implements used for secondary tillage operations like breaking up soil clods and destroying weeds. It describes the different types of disc harrows including single action, double action, and offset harrows. The parts of a disc harrow like the frame, discs, arbor bolt, and scrapers are defined. Forces acting on disc harrows and factors to consider when selecting a disc harrow are also summarized.
The document provides information on tractors and their systems. It discusses the definition and requirements of tractors, the development of tractors over time including key inventions and manufacturers, classifications of tractors based on construction type and purpose, components of tractors including engines, transmissions, differentials, and hydraulic systems, and the selection and functions of tractors for different uses.
INTRODUCTION
Tillage may be defined as the mechanical manipulation of soil for nurturing crops.
The objectives of soil tillage are:
To develop a desirable soil structure for a seedbed
To control weeds or remove unwanted crop plants.
To manage plant residues.
To minimize soil erosion by following such practices as contour tillage
To establish specific surface configurations for planting, irrigating, drainage, or harvesting operations.
To incorporate and mix fertilizers, manure, pesticides
Day 10 Calibration, Adjustment of Seed Drill, Planter and Sprayer LectureSuyog Khose
The document provides information about a lecture on calibration and adjustment of seed drills, planters, and sprayers. It discusses the functions of planters and different aspects of seed metering. It describes common components of seeding devices and seed drill metering mechanisms. It also covers planter metering mechanisms, components of planters, and types of transplanters. The document provides details about calibrating seed drills and evaluating planter performance. It discusses troubleshooting issues in sowing operations and the use of sprayers for chemical weed control.
The document summarizes the lubrication system of an internal combustion (IC) engine. It discusses the purposes of lubrication which are to reduce wear, reduce friction, provide cooling, create a seal, and clean the engine. It describes the splash and forced feed lubrication systems. The splash system uses splashing oil to lubricate while the forced feed system uses an oil pump to directly pump oil to parts. Key components of the forced feed system include the oil pump, oil filter, crankcase breather, and relief valve.
This document summarizes information about power take-off (PTO) systems on tractors and the hazards associated with them. It notes that PTOs transfer power from tractors to farm implements like augers, spreaders, and mowers. The document then discusses how PTOs operate at high speeds and can be dangerous if not properly shielded. It provides statistics showing that most PTO incidents involve stationary equipment and occur when the PTO is left engaged without the equipment moving.
A gearbox manages a series of gear ratios to deliver power from an engine to a transmission. It provides multiple torque ratios for varying acceleration and climbing gradients, and allows for reversing the vehicle's motion. A sliding mesh gearbox typically has 3 forward gears and 1 reverse gear. It uses spur gears on the main shaft that engage with gears on the lay shaft by sliding into position. When the engine is running and clutch engaged, power flows from the clutch shaft gear to the lay shaft gears, but the main shaft remains idle until a gear is engaged to transfer power through the transmission.
Power Transmission units in agricultural Tractors and their design conceptschelpuri Ramu
Power Transmission Units in Agricultural Tractors and their Design Concepts
1. The power transmission system in agricultural tractors functions to transmit power from the engine to the rear wheels, reduce the engine speed for field operations, and allow altering the speed ratio to suit field conditions.
2. Common types of gears used include helical, spur, and bevel gears. Gearboxes include sliding mesh, constant mesh, and synchromesh types. Planetary gear systems are becoming more common for the final drive due to their compact size and even load distribution.
3. Typical gear reduction ratios range from 1:175 for lower gears to 1:12 for higher gears. Design considerations for gearboxes include minimizing sizes, using
The document discusses farm tractors and power tillers. It describes the key components and functions of tractors, including how they developed over time with the introduction of gasoline and diesel engines. It also covers the classification of tractors based on design and purpose. Power tillers are introduced as a walking type tractor operated by an individual walking behind it. The main components and operation of power tillers are explained. Tractor selection considerations like land area, cropping patterns, and soil/climate conditions are outlined.
Friction clutches connect moving members that are rotating at different speeds or where one is stationary. They use friction plates between a flywheel and pressure plate held in engagement by springs. A pedal disengages the clutch by pushing the pressure plate away from the friction plates, interrupting power transmission. Modern clutches typically use organic resin or ceramic friction materials and are classified as push or pull types depending on the location of the pressure plate fulcrum points.
The rotavator is used for primary and secondary tillage to a depth of 6 inches, conserving soil moisture. It prepares land for sowing without overturning soil. It eradicates weeds and mixes manure or fertilizer into soil. The rotavator enhances soil fertility by mixing crop residues and is efficient for puddling in dry or wet soils. It saves time and fuel compared to other tillage implements.
This document provides information about a course on agro machinery engineering. The objectives of the course are to explore various agro operations like plowing and threshing, learn the working mechanisms of different agro machines, and understand the design aspects of agro machines. After completing the course, students will be able to distinguish between different agro operations and select and design mechanisms for various agro machines. The document then discusses various primary tillage equipment like moldboard plows, disc plows, subsoilers, and paddy puddlers. It provides details on the components, working, and types of these machines.
SYSTEMS OF IC ENGINE- Power transmission system.pptxAjay Singh Lodhi
This document discusses the power transmission system of an internal combustion engine. It describes the key components that transmit power from the engine to the wheels, including the clutch, transmission gears, differential, final drive, rear axle, and rear wheels. The clutch connects and disconnects the engine from the transmission and can be friction, dog, or fluid types. Gears provide various speed ratios to suit field conditions. The differential allows the rear wheels to rotate at different speeds during turns.
Sowing Planting and Fertilizer Application EquipmentMatin Amin Shaikh
This document discusses the objectives and outcomes of an agro machinery engineering course. It focuses on the chapter about sowing, planting, and fertilizer application equipment. Various sowing methods like broadcasting, drilling, and transplanting are described. The document explains the components and working of seed drills, including the seed and fertilizer metering mechanisms and different types of furrow openers. It provides details on field adjustments for proper seeding operations using a seed cum fertilizer drill.
The document discusses lubrication systems for internal combustion engines. It describes the purpose of lubrication as reducing friction, protecting against wear, cooling, and removing impurities. It then explains different lubrication systems used in engines like mist, wet sump, and dry sump systems. It also discusses properties of lubricating oils like viscosity and viscosity index that impact engine performance. The document outlines various types of lubricants including animal, vegetable, mineral, and synthetic oils.
Er. Uttam Raj Timilsina(MSc.Engineering,IIT Roorkee)
Professor of Agricultural Engineering,Agriculture and Forestry University (AFU), Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal
uttamrajtimilsina@gmail.com
*All Right Reserved**
Uploaded and Shared by AgriYouthNepal
Components & Systems of IC Engine lec-3 fmp211.pptxEr.A. Sivarajan
The document summarizes the key components of an internal combustion engine, including:
1. The cylinder, cylinder block, cylinder head, piston, piston rings, piston pin, connecting rod, crankshaft, flywheel, crankcase, camshaft, and timing gear.
2. It describes the different systems of an IC engine, including the fuel supply system, lubrication system, ignition system, cooling system, and governor system.
3. It provides details on the lubrication system, specifically the types of lubricants and engine lubrication systems like petroil, splash, pressure, semi-pressure, dry sump, and wet sump systems.
This document provides information on different types of tires used in agricultural implements and the differences between radial and bias tires. It discusses solid tires, pneumatic tires including bias ply, bias belted and radial ply constructions. It then focuses on tires used in agricultural implements like tractors and implements. Finally, it details the differences between radial and bias tire constructions, components, and performance, noting that radials provide a softer ride, improved fuel economy, and longer tire life while bias tires sacrifice longevity but offer high load capacity at reduced cost.
This document discusses tractor safety hazards and how to operate tractors safely. The five key mechanical hazards are roll-overs, run-overs, PTO hazards, mounting/dismounting, and noise. The five human factors that contribute to hazardous operation are risk taking behavior, insufficient training, physical limitations, impaired functions, and psychological limitations. The three main environmental hazards are broken ground, sloping ground, and climatic influences. The document provides guidance on controlling risks from each of these hazards.
This document provides an overview of tractors, including their history, development, classifications, and main components. Some key points:
- Tractors were invented in the late 19th century and were originally designed to provide traction and haul machinery for agricultural and construction purposes.
- They are now classified based on their construction type (wheel, track, etc.), drive type, and intended purpose (utility, row crop, orchard, industrial, etc.).
- Important developments over time included the introduction of gasoline and diesel engines for power, and manufacturers in India starting in the 1960s and growing substantially through the 1980s and 1990s.
- The main assemblies of modern tractors include the engine, transmission, wheels
This document provides information about a student presentation on carburetion. The presentation will be given by a group of 5 students and will explain the principles of operation for small engine carburetors. It will discuss what a carburetor is, how it works to produce an air-fuel mixture using principles like vacuum, atmospheric pressure, and the venturi effect, and the basic parts of a carburetor like the body, air horn, throttle valve, venturi, and fuel bowl. The carburetor mixes air and fuel to provide the proper mixtures for conditions like starting, idling, acceleration and high-speed operation.
The agricultural tractor is one of the class of mobile machines that involves the ‘traction’ process.
The tractor is also in the class of machines that involves operation under what are known as 'off- road' conditions.
Others in this class include machines used in earth moving, mining and military work.
The word tractor appeared first on record in a patent issued on a tractor or traction engine invented by George H. Harris of ChicagO
The document discusses different types of brake systems used in tractors. It describes drum brakes and disc brakes, which can be mechanical or hydraulic. Drum brakes use expanding brake shoes inside a drum to create friction and stop rotation. Disc brakes use brake pads that squeeze a disc on either side. Hydraulic brakes use fluid pressure transmitted through a master cylinder and wheel cylinder to actuate the brake pads or shoes. The key components and operating principles of drum, disc, and hydraulic braking systems are explained.
The document discusses centrifugal governors and their applications. It begins with an introduction to governors and how they regulate engine speed under varying loads. It then describes centrifugal governors specifically and how they work using weighted balls and arms. Various types of centrifugal governors are presented, including Watt, Porter, Proell, Hartnell, Hurtung, Wilson-Hartnell, and Pickering governors. The document concludes by discussing the uses of centrifugal governors in engines, vehicles, power plants, and other machines to control speeds.
- The drive pinion drives the ring gear which is attached to the differential case. When going straight ahead, power is transferred equally to both wheels. When turning a corner, the wheels must travel at different speeds to prevent tire scrubbing, so the differential pinion gears "walk" around the slower side gear to cause the other side gear to turn faster.
- Limited-slip differentials limit the amount of differential action allowed compared to open differentials. They provide more driving force to the wheel with traction when one wheel begins to slip while still allowing wheels to turn at different speeds when cornering.
- In operation, driving torque is transmitted equally to each axle until traction is lost by one wheel. Then
In wireless sensor network energy cutback is considered as a principle intensive challenge which is studied largely in the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) literature. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are pertinent in numerous arenas where WSNs may be used for sensing, ciphering, and communication elements that give a user or administrator the ability to instrument, observe, and retort to events and phenomena in a specific environment. But sensor devices are resource curbed, positioned in an open and unattended environment, different types of attacks and conventional techniques against these attacks are not desirable due to the resource constrained nature of these kinds of networks. An energy-balanced routing method based on forward-aware factor (FAF-EBRM) in which the next-hop node is elected according to the awareness of link weight and forward energy density. FAF-EBRM is compared with Ladder Diffusion Algorithm, which balances the energy utilization, sustain the function era and guarantees high QoS of WSN. The FAF-EBRM is proposed with Secure Routing Layer (SRL) Protocol which ensures that the secure data transmission is achieved without releasing private sensor readings and without introducing significant overhead on the battery-limited sensors.
This document provides information about purchasing a 3Com 21-0173-003 software item. It describes how to purchase the item through various methods like phone, email, or by filling out a request form. It also provides details about payment options, same day shipping and order tracking, warranty, and additional services offered by Launch 3 Telecom like repairs, maintenance contracts, and de-installation.
Power Transmission units in agricultural Tractors and their design conceptschelpuri Ramu
Power Transmission Units in Agricultural Tractors and their Design Concepts
1. The power transmission system in agricultural tractors functions to transmit power from the engine to the rear wheels, reduce the engine speed for field operations, and allow altering the speed ratio to suit field conditions.
2. Common types of gears used include helical, spur, and bevel gears. Gearboxes include sliding mesh, constant mesh, and synchromesh types. Planetary gear systems are becoming more common for the final drive due to their compact size and even load distribution.
3. Typical gear reduction ratios range from 1:175 for lower gears to 1:12 for higher gears. Design considerations for gearboxes include minimizing sizes, using
The document discusses farm tractors and power tillers. It describes the key components and functions of tractors, including how they developed over time with the introduction of gasoline and diesel engines. It also covers the classification of tractors based on design and purpose. Power tillers are introduced as a walking type tractor operated by an individual walking behind it. The main components and operation of power tillers are explained. Tractor selection considerations like land area, cropping patterns, and soil/climate conditions are outlined.
Friction clutches connect moving members that are rotating at different speeds or where one is stationary. They use friction plates between a flywheel and pressure plate held in engagement by springs. A pedal disengages the clutch by pushing the pressure plate away from the friction plates, interrupting power transmission. Modern clutches typically use organic resin or ceramic friction materials and are classified as push or pull types depending on the location of the pressure plate fulcrum points.
The rotavator is used for primary and secondary tillage to a depth of 6 inches, conserving soil moisture. It prepares land for sowing without overturning soil. It eradicates weeds and mixes manure or fertilizer into soil. The rotavator enhances soil fertility by mixing crop residues and is efficient for puddling in dry or wet soils. It saves time and fuel compared to other tillage implements.
This document provides information about a course on agro machinery engineering. The objectives of the course are to explore various agro operations like plowing and threshing, learn the working mechanisms of different agro machines, and understand the design aspects of agro machines. After completing the course, students will be able to distinguish between different agro operations and select and design mechanisms for various agro machines. The document then discusses various primary tillage equipment like moldboard plows, disc plows, subsoilers, and paddy puddlers. It provides details on the components, working, and types of these machines.
SYSTEMS OF IC ENGINE- Power transmission system.pptxAjay Singh Lodhi
This document discusses the power transmission system of an internal combustion engine. It describes the key components that transmit power from the engine to the wheels, including the clutch, transmission gears, differential, final drive, rear axle, and rear wheels. The clutch connects and disconnects the engine from the transmission and can be friction, dog, or fluid types. Gears provide various speed ratios to suit field conditions. The differential allows the rear wheels to rotate at different speeds during turns.
Sowing Planting and Fertilizer Application EquipmentMatin Amin Shaikh
This document discusses the objectives and outcomes of an agro machinery engineering course. It focuses on the chapter about sowing, planting, and fertilizer application equipment. Various sowing methods like broadcasting, drilling, and transplanting are described. The document explains the components and working of seed drills, including the seed and fertilizer metering mechanisms and different types of furrow openers. It provides details on field adjustments for proper seeding operations using a seed cum fertilizer drill.
The document discusses lubrication systems for internal combustion engines. It describes the purpose of lubrication as reducing friction, protecting against wear, cooling, and removing impurities. It then explains different lubrication systems used in engines like mist, wet sump, and dry sump systems. It also discusses properties of lubricating oils like viscosity and viscosity index that impact engine performance. The document outlines various types of lubricants including animal, vegetable, mineral, and synthetic oils.
Er. Uttam Raj Timilsina(MSc.Engineering,IIT Roorkee)
Professor of Agricultural Engineering,Agriculture and Forestry University (AFU), Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal
uttamrajtimilsina@gmail.com
*All Right Reserved**
Uploaded and Shared by AgriYouthNepal
Components & Systems of IC Engine lec-3 fmp211.pptxEr.A. Sivarajan
The document summarizes the key components of an internal combustion engine, including:
1. The cylinder, cylinder block, cylinder head, piston, piston rings, piston pin, connecting rod, crankshaft, flywheel, crankcase, camshaft, and timing gear.
2. It describes the different systems of an IC engine, including the fuel supply system, lubrication system, ignition system, cooling system, and governor system.
3. It provides details on the lubrication system, specifically the types of lubricants and engine lubrication systems like petroil, splash, pressure, semi-pressure, dry sump, and wet sump systems.
This document provides information on different types of tires used in agricultural implements and the differences between radial and bias tires. It discusses solid tires, pneumatic tires including bias ply, bias belted and radial ply constructions. It then focuses on tires used in agricultural implements like tractors and implements. Finally, it details the differences between radial and bias tire constructions, components, and performance, noting that radials provide a softer ride, improved fuel economy, and longer tire life while bias tires sacrifice longevity but offer high load capacity at reduced cost.
This document discusses tractor safety hazards and how to operate tractors safely. The five key mechanical hazards are roll-overs, run-overs, PTO hazards, mounting/dismounting, and noise. The five human factors that contribute to hazardous operation are risk taking behavior, insufficient training, physical limitations, impaired functions, and psychological limitations. The three main environmental hazards are broken ground, sloping ground, and climatic influences. The document provides guidance on controlling risks from each of these hazards.
This document provides an overview of tractors, including their history, development, classifications, and main components. Some key points:
- Tractors were invented in the late 19th century and were originally designed to provide traction and haul machinery for agricultural and construction purposes.
- They are now classified based on their construction type (wheel, track, etc.), drive type, and intended purpose (utility, row crop, orchard, industrial, etc.).
- Important developments over time included the introduction of gasoline and diesel engines for power, and manufacturers in India starting in the 1960s and growing substantially through the 1980s and 1990s.
- The main assemblies of modern tractors include the engine, transmission, wheels
This document provides information about a student presentation on carburetion. The presentation will be given by a group of 5 students and will explain the principles of operation for small engine carburetors. It will discuss what a carburetor is, how it works to produce an air-fuel mixture using principles like vacuum, atmospheric pressure, and the venturi effect, and the basic parts of a carburetor like the body, air horn, throttle valve, venturi, and fuel bowl. The carburetor mixes air and fuel to provide the proper mixtures for conditions like starting, idling, acceleration and high-speed operation.
The agricultural tractor is one of the class of mobile machines that involves the ‘traction’ process.
The tractor is also in the class of machines that involves operation under what are known as 'off- road' conditions.
Others in this class include machines used in earth moving, mining and military work.
The word tractor appeared first on record in a patent issued on a tractor or traction engine invented by George H. Harris of ChicagO
The document discusses different types of brake systems used in tractors. It describes drum brakes and disc brakes, which can be mechanical or hydraulic. Drum brakes use expanding brake shoes inside a drum to create friction and stop rotation. Disc brakes use brake pads that squeeze a disc on either side. Hydraulic brakes use fluid pressure transmitted through a master cylinder and wheel cylinder to actuate the brake pads or shoes. The key components and operating principles of drum, disc, and hydraulic braking systems are explained.
The document discusses centrifugal governors and their applications. It begins with an introduction to governors and how they regulate engine speed under varying loads. It then describes centrifugal governors specifically and how they work using weighted balls and arms. Various types of centrifugal governors are presented, including Watt, Porter, Proell, Hartnell, Hurtung, Wilson-Hartnell, and Pickering governors. The document concludes by discussing the uses of centrifugal governors in engines, vehicles, power plants, and other machines to control speeds.
- The drive pinion drives the ring gear which is attached to the differential case. When going straight ahead, power is transferred equally to both wheels. When turning a corner, the wheels must travel at different speeds to prevent tire scrubbing, so the differential pinion gears "walk" around the slower side gear to cause the other side gear to turn faster.
- Limited-slip differentials limit the amount of differential action allowed compared to open differentials. They provide more driving force to the wheel with traction when one wheel begins to slip while still allowing wheels to turn at different speeds when cornering.
- In operation, driving torque is transmitted equally to each axle until traction is lost by one wheel. Then
In wireless sensor network energy cutback is considered as a principle intensive challenge which is studied largely in the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) literature. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are pertinent in numerous arenas where WSNs may be used for sensing, ciphering, and communication elements that give a user or administrator the ability to instrument, observe, and retort to events and phenomena in a specific environment. But sensor devices are resource curbed, positioned in an open and unattended environment, different types of attacks and conventional techniques against these attacks are not desirable due to the resource constrained nature of these kinds of networks. An energy-balanced routing method based on forward-aware factor (FAF-EBRM) in which the next-hop node is elected according to the awareness of link weight and forward energy density. FAF-EBRM is compared with Ladder Diffusion Algorithm, which balances the energy utilization, sustain the function era and guarantees high QoS of WSN. The FAF-EBRM is proposed with Secure Routing Layer (SRL) Protocol which ensures that the secure data transmission is achieved without releasing private sensor readings and without introducing significant overhead on the battery-limited sensors.
This document provides information about purchasing a 3Com 21-0173-003 software item. It describes how to purchase the item through various methods like phone, email, or by filling out a request form. It also provides details about payment options, same day shipping and order tracking, warranty, and additional services offered by Launch 3 Telecom like repairs, maintenance contracts, and de-installation.
Viviane mora em Montes Claros e nasceu em Belo Horizonte. Ela gosta de estudar e se preocupa com questões sociais, embora tenha dificuldades com a metodologia científica.
To create a jittery text animation effect in After Effects, the creator made three compositions called "Main", "Displacement Map", and "Text". In the "Displacement Map" composition, they applied fractal noise to a solid layer to generate random movement. This layer was then used as the displacement map for the text layer in the "Main" composition, causing the text to jitter subtly with the noise. Additional settings were adjusted to achieve the desired visual effect.
El documento describe cómo el encuentro personal con Jesucristo es fundamental para la fe cristiana. Explica que este encuentro puede producirse a través de la Iglesia, de los pobres y oprimidos, y dentro de uno mismo. El pasaje del Evangelio de Juan muestra un ejemplo de cómo dos discípulos siguen a Jesús después de que Juan Bautista lo identifica como el Mesías, y luego descubren quién es Jesús a través de pasar tiempo con él.
Conheça Emily, uma estudante que mora em (Nome) e nasceu em (Nome). Ela adora (hobby), mas aborrece-se com (coisa). Atualmente estuda nas (escola) e seu tópico predileto é (matéria), com seu ponto forte sendo (habilidade) e ponto fraco (habilidade fraca). Ela gosta das novas tecnologias e acredita que o segredo para uma vida feliz é (conselho).
This document provides information about purchasing a 3Com 3C906CX-TXM ASSY 03 network card from Launch 3 Telecom. It describes how to purchase the product via phone, email or online request form. It also details Launch 3 Telecom's payment and shipping options, warranty, repair and additional services available.
El documento discute las necesidades tecnológicas en Colombia y el desarrollo científico y tecnológico. Explica que la tecnología revela las características de los grupos humanos a través de la historia. También define la obsolescencia programada como la determinación del fin de vida útil de un producto o servicio durante su diseño. Finalmente, señala que si Colombia no se adapta a las nuevas tecnologías en industria y agricultura, corre el riesgo de rezagarse en términos de desar
A partir de un ejercicio de aula, se produce un acto de reflexión y teorización documentada que culmina en una provocación hacia la didáctica del ensayo.
This document contains a test with questions about various topics including:
- Choosing words to complete sentences about occupations, foods, and locations.
- Identifying pictures of people and their occupations.
- Identifying pictures that match sentences.
- Choosing the best answers to complete passages based on pictures provided.
- Identifying correct spelling and punctuation in sentences.
- Reading a poster and answering questions about an annual school concert.
- Reading a diagram about making fruit salad and answering related questions.
El documento describe el uso del aprendizaje vivencial y aprendizaje invertido en la clase de tecnología e informática de Alexandra Ramírez. Los estudiantes primero investigan temas asignados usando recursos en línea y luego comparten sus hallazgos con la clase. Después, Alexandra provee una explicación general del tema a través de videos y presentaciones para aclarar dudas, y asigna actividades prácticas que los estudiantes completan en grupos o de forma individual para prepararse para evaluaciones.
Una carta de cumpleaños de Joaquina para su hijo de 5 años recuerda tardes en la playa y mates compartidos, así como los primeros días en el jardín de infantes. Le desea un feliz cumpleaños con amor.
This document provides information about purchasing a 3Com 69-000849-00 quad analog/digital v34 modem, including:
- Contact information for purchasing the modem via phone, email, or by filling out a request form
- Details on payment methods, same-day shipping, order tracking, and warranty and customer support policies
- An overview of additional services provided by Launch 3 Telecom such as repairs, maintenance contracts, de-installation, and recycling
Las amidas son derivados de ácidos carboxílicos donde el grupo -OH ha sido reemplazado por -NH2, -NHR o -NRR'. Pueden ser primarias, secundarias o terciarias. Se usan como disolventes, productos intermedios, estabilizantes, agentes de desmolde para plásticos y más. También se encuentran naturalmente en aminoácidos, proteínas, ADN y ARN. Son importantes en la industria farmacéutica y para fabricar nailon. Se obtienen por reacción de aminas
El documento describe los objetos virtuales de aprendizaje, que son entidades digitales reutilizables que integran contenido, actividades y contexto para lograr un objetivo educativo. Deben tener al menos estos tres componentes y metadatos para identificación y almacenamiento. Los objetos de aprendizaje pueden usarse en programas educativos universitarios y permiten una estructura flexible de las unidades de estudio. Ofrecen ventajas como la fácil creación y actualización de cursos, una estructura adaptable y la gestión a través de repositorios.
Este documento presenta la cultura digital como el conjunto de procesos socioculturales derivados del contexto de las tecnologías digitales. Define la cultura digital por la simbiosis entre los dispositivos digitales y la construcción social de significados. También describe las características de la sociedad en la cultura digital, incluyendo el aumento de los flujos de datos, información y comunicación, la omnipresencia de la tecnología digital en la vida pública y privada, la velocidad de los cambios y la transparencia debido a múltiples fuentes de conten
IRJET- Design and Fabrication of Two Wheeler Operated Sickle Bar Mower IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and fabrication of a two-wheeler operated sickle bar mower. The mower is designed to cut grass and shrubs using a simple and affordable construction. It consists of main components like bevel gears, shafts, blades, frame, bearings, and wheels. As the two-wheeler moves forward, the mower wheel rotates the shaft and gear arrangement. This converts the rotational motion to a reciprocating motion of the blades through a cam mechanism. The moving blade then provides the cutting force needed to cut grass and shrubs. The design calculations, fabrication process, working principle, and analysis of components are detailed in the document.
Commercial Grass Cutting cum Collecting MachineIOSR Journals
This paper presents the functional requirements, design and manufacture of the commercial grass cutting and collecting machine. The design is one of its kind that facilitates both the cutting and collecting of the commercial grass usually more than 4 feet long. The advantage of this design is that apart from cutting the grass it facilitates the formation of bunches, without any loss of grass arising due to scattering of grass on the account of strong cutting forces, which can be collected in a proper way. Corrosion resistance, strength, durability and hardness are important parameters for material selection of blades. Hydraulic, structural, ergonomic and engineering design was done. FEM based analysis [1] was done to calculate the stresses.
IRJET- Analysis of Stress and Bending Strength of Involutes Spur Gears with F...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes and compares the bending stress and strength of asymmetric and symmetric spur gear profiles through finite element analysis. It develops a computer program to estimate the variation of maximum bending stress and contact ratio based on tooth number and drive side pressure angle for asymmetric gears. The FEM analysis shows that asymmetric teeth have lower bending stress than symmetric teeth. It also confirms that increasing the drive side pressure angle decreases bending stress and increases load capacity. While the maximum bending stress value changes with the gear profile, the location of maximum bending stress remains the same in FEM analysis for both asymmetric and symmetric gears. The document concludes that optimizing the fillet profile of asymmetric gears can further reduce bending stress levels.
IRJET- Impact of Ground Water on Forest Productivity in Haliyal Taluka using ...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design, static, and modal analysis of a high-speed motorized milling spindle. It discusses the objectives of optimizing parameters that influence the spindle running at 14,000 rpm with 15 kW power rating. Static deflection analysis is performed to check spindle stiffness. Modal analysis using ANSYS characterizes the spindle's dynamic behavior under different vibration modes to analyze natural frequencies and mode shapes. Three bearing arrangements are considered with varying span lengths and analyzed theoretically and using ANSYS to determine the optimal design.
IRJET- Design, Static, and Modal Analysis of High Speed Motorized Milling Spi...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design, static analysis, and modal analysis of a high-speed motorized milling spindle. It aims to optimize parameters that influence the spindle, which runs at 14,000 rpm with 15 kW power rating. Static deflection analysis is performed to check spindle stiffness. Modal analysis using ANSYS characterizes the spindle's dynamic behavior under different vibration modes to analyze system behavior and obtain natural frequencies and mode shapes. The document discusses the components of the spindle assembly, including the housing, shaft, bearings, and motor materials. It outlines the objectives to design and analyze the spindle using theoretical calculations, FEA, and comparing results to select the optimal design.
Optimization of Surface Roughness Parameters in Turning EN1A Steel on a CNC L...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experiment to optimize surface roughness parameters when turning EN1A steel on a CNC lathe with coolant. The experiment uses Taguchi methods to design the experiment with three factors (cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut) at three levels each, for a total of nine experiments. Analysis of variance is used to analyze the results and determine that feed rate has the highest contribution to surface roughness at 68.56%, followed by cutting speed at 18.98% and depth of cut at 12.46%. Regression and general linear models are developed to model the relationship between the input and output parameters. The results provide optimal cutting conditions and are useful for manufacturing industries to improve surface finish.
IRJET- A Review on: Parametric Study for Optimization of CNC Turning Process ...IRJET Journal
This document reviews research on optimizing CNC turning process parameters to minimize surface roughness. It summarizes 10 research papers that studied the effects of cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut, cutting tool type, and cooling conditions on surface roughness when turning various materials like steel, aluminum, and titanium. The document finds that feed rate typically has the largest effect on surface roughness, followed by cutting speed, while depth of cut has a smaller impact. It recommends using techniques like Taguchi methods, response surface methodology, and ANOVA to determine the optimal process parameters that achieve the minimum possible surface roughness.
Taguchi based Optimization of Cutting Parameters Affecting Surface Roughness ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that used the Taguchi method to optimize cutting parameters (speed, feed rate, depth of cut) for minimizing surface roughness during CNC dry turning of 16MnCr5 steel. Experiments were conducted based on an L27 orthogonal array with three factors at three levels. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the percentage contribution of each factor on surface roughness. Results showed that depth of cut had the highest influence on surface roughness, followed by speed and then feed rate.
IRJET- A Critical Review on Bellow Part Removal FixtureIRJET Journal
This document provides a review of bellow removal fixtures. It begins with an abstract that describes bellows as flexible elements in expansion joints that absorb dimensional changes from forces and thermal expansion. It also describes fixtures as work holding devices that impact manufacturing quality, productivity and cost.
The document then reviews the design of bellow removal fixtures. It discusses key parameters like the fixture frame needing to be rigid to minimize deflection, fast clamping, and locating the workpiece with at least three fixed support points. It also reviews the "3-2-1" locating principle for prismatic parts. Finally, it concludes that fixtures are used for locating and holding workpieces, and that they are fixed to machines to aid mass production and reduce operator
Design and Fabrication of Pneumatic Sheet Metal Cutting and Pneumatic Sheet M...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and fabrication of a pneumatic sheet metal cutting and bending machine. The machine uses compressed air to power a pneumatic cylinder that drives the cutting and bending operations. Key components include the pneumatic cylinder, directional control valve, polyurethane tubes to transport compressed air, pneumatic compressor to generate the compressed air, sheet metal cutter, and bending punch and die. The machine aims to provide a simple, low-cost option for sheet metal cutting and bending that reduces manual effort. It is well suited for small sheet metal industries and manufacturing applications.
IRJET- Modification of Root Fillet Profile for Optimum Gear LifeIRJET Journal
1. The document discusses the modification of root fillet profiles in spur gears to optimize gear life and reduce failure from pitting.
2. Finite element analysis is conducted in ANSYS on spur gear models with varying root fillet radii. Maximum contact stresses and deformations are compared for different fillet profiles.
3. Experimental analysis is also carried out using the photoelastic method to validate the finite element results. Optimizing the root fillet profile can help improve the strength of gears and increase gear life.
The document discusses the impact of misalignments on root stresses of hypoid gear sets through finite element analysis. It begins with introductions to gears, hypoid gears, and finite element analysis. It then describes the modeling of a hypoid gear set with both perfect alignment and misalignment in ProEngineer. Structural analysis was performed in Solidworks to analyze stresses, displacement, and strain. Results showed stresses doubled with misalignment. Aluminum alloy materials had lower stresses than steel. Misalignments increase stresses and can lead to early fatigue failure. Perfectly aligned hypoid gears perform more efficiently with less mechanical losses and longer lifetimes.
Experimental analysis of circular disc with diametral slotsIAEME Publication
Discs are important structural elements in engineering application such as pressure vessel,missiles and liquid container. The turbine, brake disc and diaphragm clutch spring are the wellknown examples for the industrial application of the annular plate with radial slots. The natural frequencies of component are of great interest in the analysis for response of structures to various excitations. Annular discs are fundamental structural elements studied in ocean engineering
applications from offshore platforms to under water acoustic transducers.
Improve the Design of Leaf Spring by Reducing the Frictional StressIRJET Journal
This document describes a study to improve the design of leaf springs used in vehicle suspension systems. Three leaf spring models are analyzed: a standard elliptical design (Model 1), one with a variable radius of curvature (Model 2), and one with a U-shaped bend in the center (Model 3). The models are designed in CATIA and analyzed in ANSYS to determine deformation, strain energy, natural frequencies and mode shapes under a 500N load. Model 3 has the highest deformation of 66.66mm and strain energy of 21.246mJ, indicating it provides the best riding comfort. The results are validated using analytical calculations for a Tata Ace commercial vehicle. Improving the leaf spring design can reduce weight and improve mileage
Impact of Misalignments on Root Stresses of Hypoid Gear Setsijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
IRJET- Comparative Analysis and 3D Printing of Rocker ARM of 4 Cylinder E...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes and compares different materials for a rocker arm component in an internal combustion engine. The researchers modeled a rocker arm using CAD software and performed finite element analysis using different materials, including structural steel, carbon steel, and high modulus carbon fiber. The analysis found that the high modulus carbon fiber material had the lowest weight and similar stress levels and deformation as the other materials under extreme loads. Therefore, the researchers concluded the high modulus carbon fiber is a suitable lightweight material that can be used for the rocker arm.
Experimental study of Effect of Cutting Parameters on Cutting Force in Turnin...AM Publications
This document summarizes an experimental study on the effect of cutting parameters on cutting force during the turning process. Experiments were conducted on a lathe to study the influence of cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut on cutting force and surface roughness. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) found that depth of cut and the interaction between feed and depth of cut significantly affected cutting force. Feed rate, and the interaction between speed and feed most influenced surface roughness. Regression models were developed for cutting force and surface roughness based on the experimental results.
THE ANALYTICAL STUDY OF MESHING OF DOUBLE HELICAL GEARIJARIIT
The document describes a study analyzing stress in double helical gears using finite element analysis. It discusses previous research on gear stress analysis. The study models two gear stages and performs static structural analysis under specified loads. Results show maximum stress exceeds the material yield strength. The gear geometry is then modified by adding a hole, tapering tooth edges, and adding a groove to reduce stress concentrations. Modified models are re-analyzed to evaluate effect on stress levels.
IRJET- Review on Cutting Process Parameter for Surface Roughness During Turni...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the effects of cutting parameters like cutting speed, feed rate, nose radius, and depth of cut on surface roughness during turning operations. It discusses previous research that has investigated these effects on various materials like steel, aluminum alloys, and cast iron. The key findings of previous studies are that feed rate often has the greatest influence on surface roughness, while depth of cut and cutting speed also significantly affect results. Response surface methodology and Taguchi experimental design approaches have been used to optimize cutting parameters and predict surface roughness. Overall, controlling cutting parameters is important for achieving the desired surface quality during turning.
Design and fabrication of prototype of multipurpose machine for sheet metal o...eSAT Journals
Abstract Sheet metal is basically a thin sheet of metal by using several operations. Nowadays it has become one of the most
important and fundamental forms in metalworking.[10] the advantage of sheet metal is that it can be bent into variety of
desired shapes. Lots of everyday objects are being manufactured using sheet metal. Sheet metal is mainly used for various
aerodynamically shaped car bodies, airplane wings, architecture and many other applications.[9] dent removing/rolling, cutting
and v-grooving are the most widely used operations in the fabrication industry. The conventional machines could only carry out
any of the above operations simultaneously. If these operations can be done on a single machine, it would not only make work quite
easy and less tedious but also increases profitability .moreover, conventional machines are often hand operated for small scale industry
applications. Also the time taken on these separate machines that is the overall lead time decreases by making them power
operated, resulting in lower cost and higher productivity. Our project is to encompass these operations onto a single machine
successfully. Keywords: Sheet Metal, Rolling, Cutting, V-Grooving
Similar to Design and Analysis of Rotavator Blades for its Enhanced Performance in Tractors (20)
In the early twentieth century, major representatives of the Jadid movement became active participants in the socio-political processes in the Turkestan region. Usmonkhoja Polatkhoja, a progressive from Bukhara, was one of the beams not only in the Emirate of Bukhara, but also in Turkestan. He first participated in the reforms and progressives, and later in the national liberation movements, and fought for the prosperity and independence of the country.This article provides information about Usmonkhoja's life and work in Jadidism, revolts, national liberation struggles, and emmigiration.
Flood is one of the natural disaster known to be part of the earth biophysical processes, which its occurrence can be devastating; due to mostly anthropogenic activities and climatological factors. The aim of the research is to identify and map the extent at which the impact of flood due to intense rainfall and rise in water in the study area using geospatial techniques and the specific objectives are to carry out terrain analysis of the study area and to generate flood indicator maps of the study area. The study analyzed rain fall data;, the drainage system and Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM 30m) of the area. ArcGIS 10.8 was to modelled and to generate the contributing factors map of the study area. The drainage system was generated through on-screen digitization of topographic map of scale 1:50,000 of Ondo South-West. The mean annual rainfall of Lagos State was generated in the ArcGIS environment from the rainfall data through spatial analysis tool. The SRTM was used in terrain analysis of the study area. The results generated showed the lowest mean annual rain fall of the area 1,700mm and the highest mean annual rain fall was 2,440mm. Digital elevation model (DEM), slope, flow direction were generated from the SRTM. Drainage density of the area was generated using the drainage system. The slope map of the entire area which are classified into five slope classes of very high (14%-48.5%) to high (7.6%-13.9%) to moderately high (4.2%-7.6%) to low (1.5%-4.2%) and very low (0. % - 1.2%).
Work study is a catch-all phrase encompassing a variety of methodologies, including method research and work measurement, that are applied in a variety of contexts and lead to a systematic assessment of all elements that affect the efficiency and economy of the situation under evaluation that is meant to be improved. The main aim of this study is to examine and enhance the process token in manufacturing a Perfume of the famous, well-known, aromatic, and beautiful Taif Roses. Some changes in the process has been suggested using method study and time study method which lead to reduction in process time, labor cost and production cost.
Workers are the maximum precious method of an association. Their importance to institutions requires not most effective the want to draw the trendy bents but additionally the need to preserve them for a long term. This paper specializes in reviewing the findings of former research carried out with the aid of colourful experimenters with the quit to identify determinants factors of hand retention. This exploration almost looked at the subsequent broad factors improvement openings, reimbursement, work- lifestyles balance, operation/ management, work terrain, social aid, autonomy, training and improvement.
Watering plants during the correct time is very important due to scientific reasons. Both underwatering, as well as overwatering, can lead to the growth of unhealthy plants or in extreme cases, the death of the plant/tree. These issues which are the case with most self-gardeners and plant lovers can be solved using the smart irrigation technique. The main purpose of this innovation is to assist plant lovers to continue their passion to grow plants at home with ease. Smart irrigation system helps in monitoring the moisture level which majorly affects plant growth besides other factors such as sunlight, fertility of the soil, etc. The digital planting pot has been designed in a way that it effectively incorporates the idea of smart irrigation. Arduino Uno R3 has been used as the main chip in this project along with a few other components like a soil moisture sensor, relay, and water pump. This project requires coding to synchronize all the components, and function properly. A required test has been carried out to review the functioning of the mechanism. The project was tested by once using the soil with enough moisture in the pot and then the soil with the least moisture. Both times, it worked exactly how it was supposed to function. When the soil with the least moisture was tested, there was a clear indication of a low level of moisture and accordingly, the water pump got triggered to water the plant, and when the soil with enough moisture was tested, there was again the clear indication of the correct level of moisture and the water pump was inactive. All the readings which were displayed on the LCD were checked back and forth during the project. The outcomes were the same as expected. Hence, it shows that every component in this project is actively functioning and the whole project is effectively designed.
Because of its accessibility and flexibility, cloud technology is among the most notable innovations in today's world. Having many service platforms, such as GoogleApps by Google, Amazon, Apple, and so on, is well accepted by large enterprises. Distributed cloud computing is a concept for enabling every-time, convenient, on-demand network access to processing resources including servers, storage devices, networks, and services that may be mutually configured. The major security risks for cloud computing as identified by the Cloud security alliance (CSA) have been examined in this study. Also, methods for resolving issues with cloud computing technology's data security and privacy protection were systematically examined.
This study's goal is to present Solutions for Determining the importance level of criteria in creating cultural resources’ attractiveness from tourists’ evaluation. Data were collected from 558 international tourists who chose Vietnam as the destination for tourism.
The study points out that we need to resolve challenges such as: building a safe, friendly destination, etc., destinations need to review and re-evaluate the services of their products and tourist attractions to prepare for the largest number of visitors and stimulate the domestic tourism market is a good solution: To boost the domestic tourism market, it is necessary to increase domestic flights and train connections to major tourist destinations.
A new convenient and efficient route for the synthesis of two very important hydroxo-bridged stepped-cubane copper complexes viz: [Cu4(bpy)4Cl2(OH)4]Cl2.6H2O (1) and [Cu4(phen)4Cl2(OH)4]Cl2.6H2O (2) have been obtained. This synthetic route from the mononuclear CubpyCl2 complex is easier, more reproducible and afforded the complex in a much higher yield than the other two previously reported procedures which were equally serendipitously discovered. The purity and formation of the complexes were confirmed with elemental (C,H,N) analysis and the details of the UV-Vis, Fourier transform infrared, electrospray ionization mass spectra of both complexes and the single crystal X-ray crystallography of 1 are presented and discussed. X-ray crystallography confirms the absolute structure of the complexes. The complexes were formed via the connection of four copper atoms to four hydroxide bridging ligands and four bipyridyl ligands with two chloride ligands. There are two coordinate environments around two pairs of copper atoms (CuN2ClO2 and CuN2O3) and each copper atom is pentacoordinate with square pyramidal geometry.
Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam., which is commonly known as jackfruit is a tropical fruit, belonging to Moraceae family, native to Western Ghats of India and common in Asia, Africa, and some regions in South America. It is known to be the largest edible fruit in the world. The Jackfruit is an extremely versatile and sweet tasting fruit that possess high nutritional value. Jackfruit is rich in nutrients including carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals. The jackfruit has diverse medicinal uses especially antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antiviral properties, anticancer and antifungal activity, anthelminthic activity. Traditionally, this plant is used in the treatment of various diseases especially for treatment against inflammation, malarial fever, diarrhoea, diabetes and tapeworm infection. Jackfruit is a good natural source of phytochemicals such as phenolics, flavonoids and tannins, saponins. The health benefits of jackfruit have been attributed to its wide range of physicochemical applications. The use of jackfruit bulbs and its parts has also been reported since ancient times for their therapeutic qualities. The beneficial physiological effects may also have preventive application in a variety of pathologies.
Myogenic differentiation requires to be exactly explored for the effective treatment of fracture. The speed of healing is affected by skeletal muscle, linked to activation of specific myogenic transcription factors during the repair process. In previous study, we discovered that psoralen enhanced differentiation of osteoblast in primary mouse. In the current study, we show that psoralen stimulates myogenic differentiation through the secretion of factors to hone the quality of repair in fractured mice. 3-month old mice were treated with corn oil or psoralen followed by a tibial fracture surgery. Fractures were tested 7, 14, and 21 days respectively later by histology and images observation. Skeletal muscles including soleus muscle and posterior tibial muscle around the damaged bone were collected for quantitative real-time PCR, HE staining, as well as western blot. Daily treatment with psoralen at seven, fourteen days or twenty-one days improves protein or mRNA levels responsible for the whole myogenic differentiation process, makes the muscle fibers more tightly aligned, and promotes callus formation and development. This data shows that high levels of myogenic transcription factors in the process of fracture healing in mice foster the repair of damaged muscles, and indicates a pharmacological approach that targets myogenic differentiation to improve fracture repair. This also reflects the academic thought of "paying equal attention to both muscles and bones" in the prevention and treatment of fracture healing.
The current pandemic has generated the search for new reliable and economic alternatives for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, which produces the COVID-19 disease, one of the recommendations by the World Health Organization, is the detection of the virus by RT-qPCR methods from upper respiratory tract samples. The discomfort of the pharyngeal nasopharyngeal swab described by patients, the requirement of trained personnel, and the generation of aerosols, are factors that increase the risk of infections in this type of intake. It is known that the main means of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is through aerosols or small droplets, which is why saliva is important as a relevant means of detecting COVID-19. In this study, a modified method based on SARS-CoV-2 RNA release from saliva is described, avoiding the isolation and purification of the genetic material and its quantification of viral copies; the results are compared with paired pharyngeal/nasopharyngeal swab samples (EF/EN). Results showed good agreement in saliva samples compared to EF/EN samples. On average, a sensitivity for virus detection of 80% was demonstrated in saliva samples competing with EF/EN samples. The use of saliva is a reliable alternative for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 by means of RT-PCR in the first days of infection, having important advantages over the conventional method. Saliva still needs to be studied completely to evaluate the detection capacity of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid, however, the described process is viable, due to the decrease in materials and supplies, process times, the increment in the sampling and improvement of laboratory performance.
A recent study establishes that since 1970, there has been an ecological gap between human needs and the planet's resources, with annual resource demand exceeding the bio-productivity of the planet. Specifically, humanity utilises equivalent of 1.75 earths to produce the ecological resources used, with half of this attributable to food consumption. The present work therefore seeks to provide an empirically-based insight into the environmental sustainability of the EF of food consumption in Ijebu Ode. A descriptive cross-sectional approach was used, and primary data were collected from 400 systemically sampled households via structured questionnaires and analysed descriptively using Microsoft Excel and inferentially using mathematical models for calculating ecological footprints. Findings revealed that the household EF of food consumption in Ijebu Ode is 0.05gha per capita, with the footprint of cereal consumption (0.17gha; 37%) taking the major share, followed by meat with a footprint of 0.11gha (23.9%). As a result, it was concluded that Ijebu Ode has sustainable food consumption, which is necessary for its environmental sustainability. However, the sustenance of the former requires creating awareness of the need for sustainable consumption and prioritisation of integrated and population-wide policies and food intervention initiatives to encourage attitudinal change in favour of sustainable food consumption while fostering sustainable food production strategies amidst current environmental realities.
The symmetry occurs in most of the phenomena explained by physics, for example, a particle has positive or negative charges, and the electric dipoles that have the charge (+q) and (-q) which are at a certain distance (d), north or south magnetic poles and for a magnetic bar or magnetic compass with two poles: North (N) and South (S) poles, spins up or down of the electron at the atom and for the nucleons in the nucleus In this form, the particle should also have mass symmetry. For convenience and due to later explanations, I call this mass symmetry or mass duality as follows: mass and mass cloud. The mass cloud is located in the respective orbitals given by the Schrödinger equation. The orbitals represent the possible locations or places of the particle which are determined probabilistically by the respective Schröndiger equation.
Metal-organic molybdenum complexes were synthesized by the hydrothermal method using ammonium heptamolybdate as the metallic source, and as the organic ligand terephthalic acid (BDC) or bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET), obtained via glycolysis of poly(ethylene)terephthalate (PET). The BDC-Mo and BHET-Mo complexes were characterized by XRD, N2 physisorption, TGA, ATR-FTIR, SEM, XPS and their in vitro biocompatibility was tested by porcine fibroblasts viability. The results show that molybdates (MoO4-2) are coordinated to the carbonyl functional groups of BDC and BHET by urea bonding (-NH-CO-NH-) which is related to their high biocompatibility and high thermal stability. These organic molybdate complexes possess rectangular prism particles made up of rods arrays characteristics of molybdenum oxides (MoO3). The organic complexes BDC-Mo and BHET-Mo do not show to be cytotoxic for porcine dermal fibroblasts growing on their surface for up to 48 h of culture.
Exercise training with varying intensity increases maximal oxygen intake (VO2max), a strong predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Purpose: The aim of this study was to find out the influence of low intensity aerobic training on the vo2 max in 11 to 14 years school girls in Hyderabad district. Methodology: The research scholar has randomly selected thirty (N=30) high school girls were selected as subjects and their age ranged between 11 to 14 years. The subjects were divided into two equal groups, each group consist of 15 total 30. Group one acted as experimental group (EG) and group two acted as control group (CG). The dependent variable vo2 max was selected and it is measured by manual test. Statistical Tool: The statistical tool paired sample ‘t’ test was used for analysing of the data and the obtained ‘t’ ratio was tested for significance at 0.05 level of confidence. Results: The analysis of the data revealed that there was a significant improvement on vo2 max by the application of low intensity aerobic.
Hybrid rice has the potential to outperform existing inbred rice and was said to have the potential to produce 14-20 % more yield. In response, Malaysia Government has introduced its very own first Hybrid Rice Variety knew as Kadaria 1 developed by MARDI. This is in line with one of the strategies outlined in Dasar Agromakanan Negara (DAN) 2011-2020 as an approach to increasing rice productivity within Malaysia. The next step would be developing our hybrid seed rice production system. Therefore, an experiment to determine the planting ratio and planting distance between 0025A (A)-a hybrid with MR283 (R)-inbreed variety was carried out. Planting ratios studied in this study were 2:4, 2:6, 2:8, and 2:10 while planting distance was 14 x 30 cm, 16 x 30 cm, and 18 x 30 cm. Statistical analyses suggested that yield R, yield A, and panicle number A were significantly affected by planting ratios while yield A was significantly affected by an interaction between planting distance and planting ratios. Panicle number A performed significantly higher at planting ratios of 2:4 compared to 2:10. Yield R shows higher significant performance under ratio 2:6 compared to 2:4 and 2:8. Relatively, yield A performed the best under planting distance of 18 x 30 cm. Furthermore, under this particular planting distance, the planting ratio of 2:10 shows the highest significant figure while 2:8 exhibits statistical parity. Both yield R and yield A were significantly affected by planting ratios and have a significant positive association with each other. Therefore, the planting ratio of 2:10 should be the best since it contributed to significantly highest value for yield A while yield R under 2:10 shows statistical parity with 2:6 which was the highest significant value. In conclusion, the combination of 2:10 with a planting distance of 18 x 30 cm was the best since it shows best potential for both yields A and yield R
This document summarizes a study on cassava production systems in the Tivaouane department of Senegal. Key findings include:
- Cassava is an important crop for food security but production in Senegal remains low compared to other African countries.
- The study examined farming practices through surveys of 85 producers in 8 communes across two agro-ecological zones.
- Analysis showed cassava is only grown during rainy season with traditional cultivation methods. Four of five recommended varieties were grown, with different varieties preferred in each zone.
Cassava plays an important role in improving food security and reducing poverty in rural areas. Despite its importance, its production in Senegal remains low compared to other African countries. Nowadays, it is confronted with numerous constraints. It is in this context that a study was conducted on the cassava production system in the Thiès "cassava granary" region, with the objective of examining farmers' cultivation practices. It was conducted in eight communes located in the department of Tivaouane, some of which are located in the Niayes agro-ecological zone and others in the central-northern groundnut basin. Surveys were conducted among the largest cassava producers in these communes. Analysis of the results showed that cassava is only grown in the rainy season with the same cultivation practices that have been used for years. Of the five varieties listed by the President of the Senegalese Cassava Interprofession, only four are grown in the areas surveyed. The Terrasse (43%) and Kombo (36%) varieties are grown more by our respondents in the Niayes area. Soya (75%) and Wallet "Parydiey" (20% of our sample) dominate in the central-northern groundnut basin.
We are witnessing very demanding and stressful times in which we live, and an occupation that is particularly exposed to stress and different working conditions is the job of a nurse. Exposing themselves to everyday challenges and stressful situations, nurses reach a stage of great emotional and physical exhaustion, lethargy, dissatisfaction, and poorer work achievements, which we know as burnout. The aim of this paper was to determine whether there is and to what extent professional burnout is present in nurses and technicians working in nursing homes across Slovenia and Croatia. The paper is answering the questions of the extent of the burnout influenced by individual characteristics (age, education, years of service and work experience at the current workplace). The study involved a validated questionnaire “The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI)” to measure professional burnout. Surveying of the nurses was conducted online at their home institutions. The results show that all respondents have a medium or high level of professional burnout, while no one has a low level or shows no signs of burnout. In terms of age, the group from 55-65 years of age had the highest relative level of burnout in the age group category. With regard to education, the highest burnout was measured in registered nurses.
This document discusses hepatitis and its transmission through needlestick injuries. It covers the different types of hepatitis viruses, their epidemiology, risk factors, and transmission. Healthcare workers are at high risk of contracting hepatitis B and C through needlestick injuries involving contaminated needles and sharps. Dental professionals face increased risk due to exposure to blood and saliva. The document recommends vaccination, safe handling of needles and sharps, and post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent transmission of hepatitis viruses occupationally.
More from Associate Professor in VSB Coimbatore (20)
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
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This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
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How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.