Demonstratives: this, that, these, those
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This document discusses the uses of the demonstrative pronouns "this", "that", "these", and "those" in English based on distance and number. It provides examples of how to use each pronoun correctly based on whether the object is singular and close, singular and far, plural and close, or plural and far. It also discusses using the pronouns in sentences and with verbs as well as their uses referring to past events, ideas, and questions.
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- Este/esta, estos/estas refer to things that are close to the speaker.
- Ese/esa, esos/esas refer to things that are close to the listener.
- Aquel/aquella, aquellos/aquellas refer to things that are far from both speaker and listener.
- Éste/ésta, éstos/éstas, ése/ésa, ésos/ésas, aquél/aquélla, aquéllos/
Basic Grammar
The document discusses singular and plural nouns. It explains that most nouns become plural by adding -s, but nouns ending in ch, x, s, sh, or sounds add -es. Some nouns have irregular plural forms. Nouns may also be count nouns, which can be pluralized, or non-count nouns, which generally cannot be. Possessive nouns are formed by adding an apostrophe and -s to show ownership.
Pronombres demostrativos
This document discusses the use of demonstrative pronouns in English - this, that, these, those. It explains that this/these refer to things that are near the speaker, while that/those refer to things farther away. Examples are provided to illustrate the use of each pronoun with singular and plural nouns as well as with prepositions like here and there. An exercise is included for the reader to practice using the demonstrative pronouns in sentences. The document also provides a sample conversation using the pronouns to ask about and refer to objects in different locations.
Demonstratives with granja project2016
This document discusses demonstrative adjectives and pronouns in Spanish. It provides examples of the Spanish demonstrative adjectives este/a/os/as (this/these), ese/a/os/as (that/those), and aquel/la/los/las (that over there) and how they agree in number and gender with nouns. It also discusses the related demonstrative pronouns éste/ésa/éstos/éstas, ése/ésa/ésos/ésas, and aquél/aquélla/aquéllos/aquéllas, which are distinguished by an accent mark. The document provides examples of when to use ad
Demonstratives, mack version
This document provides a summary of demonstrative adjectives and pronouns in Spanish. It explains that demonstrative adjectives are used to point out people or things that are nearby or farther away, and always come before the noun and agree with it in gender and number. Demonstrative adjectives can also be used as pronouns by adding a written accent mark. It provides examples of demonstrative adjectives and pronouns, as well as how to refer to unidentified ideas using demonstrative pronouns without an accent mark. The document concludes with a short quiz to test the reader's understanding.
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Modals: Ability
The document discusses modals used to express ability in English in the present, past, and future tenses. In the present tense, "can" is used to express ability, while "was/were able to" is used for the past tense. For the future tense, "will be able to" expresses what one will be capable of doing. Examples are provided for affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences using these modals in each tense.
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An list of links to practise the intensifiers 'too' and 'enough' (plus other intensifiers) in English.
Intensifiers: Too and Enough
This document provides definitions and examples for the terms "too" and "enough".
"Too" means there is more of something than desired and expresses a negative opinion. It is incorrect to use "too" in a positive sense. "Enough" means having what is needed or sufficient. The document outlines proper usage of "too" and "enough" with nouns, adjectives, verbs, and in constructions with "to + verb". Examples are given to illustrate appropriate uses in context.
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This document provides links to online exercises and practice tests for learning the difference between the intensifiers "so" and "such" in English. It includes basic exercises as well as more difficult tests to help distinguish when to use "so" versus "such" in sentences. The resources cover a range of activities to improve understanding and proper usage of these similar but distinct words.
Intensifiers: So and Such
So and such are used to emphasize adjectives and nouns. So is used before an adjective alone, or with an adverb, while such is used when an adjective is paired with a noun. Both so and such require 'a/an' after them when used before a singular countable noun. So can also be used before a noun when modifiers like 'many' or 'much' are included, while such cannot be used in this way. Such can emphasize a noun on its own or be used with 'a lot of/lots of'. So and such can also be used in 'that' clauses to show the result of the first clause.
Intensifiers: Really, Very, Extremely
An explanation of the use of intensifiers like 'really, 'very', and 'extremely' in English with examples.
Forming Questions: Exercises
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Forming Questions
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Modals: Offering and Requesting
The document discusses modal verbs used for offering and requesting in service situations such as restaurants and cafes. For offering, "would like" and "can/may" are commonly used questions, such as "Would you like something to drink?" or "Can I get you anything?". For requesting, "could I" is the most polite form, like "Could I have the fish please?". "Would like" can also be used in requests, for example "I would like a beer please."
Modals: united
The document discusses polite language for offering and requesting things using modal verbs.
For offering, it recommends using "would like" as in "Would you like something to drink?" or asking generally with "What would you like?". It also suggests using "can" or the more formal "may" as in "Can I offer you a complimentary drink?".
For requesting, it advises using "could I..." politely as in "Could I have the fish please?". It also mentions using "would like" as in "I would like a beer please" or adding extra politeness with "I'd love a glass of wine, thanks!".
Introduction to Modals
This document discusses the forms and usage of common English modal verbs such as can, could, may, might, will, would, should, and must. It notes that modals do not change form for third person, act as the verb "be" for questions and negatives, do not use auxiliary verbs like do/does in questions and negatives, are always followed by the infinitive form of a verb without "to", and do not themselves take infinitive forms with "to". Examples are provided to illustrate the rules around question formation, negatives, and short answers using modals.
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Zero and 1st Conditional
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The zero conditional describes something that is always true and uses the structure of present tense in both the if-clause and main clause (e.g. "If you don't eat for a long time, you get hungry").
The first conditional describes something that is likely to happen in the future and uses the structure of present tense in the if-clause and future tense in the main clause (e.g. "If you study hard, you will pass the exam"). Both conditionals can have the clauses reversed or take question form.
Imperatives: Exercises
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Demonstratives: this, that, these, those
- 1. DEMONSTRATIVES: THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE “This” is for singular objects close to you. (esto/a) “That” is for singular objects far away from you. (eso/a) “These” are for plural objects close to you. (estos/as) “Those” are for plural objects far away from you. (esos/as) This apple is really tasty. That dress in the shop is nice. These exercises are easy. Those girls are looking at us! When we use the verb ‘be’ this and that use ‘is’; these and those use ‘are’. We can only contract ‘that is’ = ‘that’s’. It is not possible to contract the others. We often use here with this and these. We often use there with that and those. When we want to refer to something further away (‘more far’) we can use the phrase ‘over there’: Can you pass me those books from over there?
- 2. It is important to practice using them in the middle of sentences as well (more complicated): Come and see this funny story. Can you pass me that pencil please? Do you need these keys to open the door? I do not like those jeans over there, they’re ugly! Advanced When we talk about things that happened in the past we usually use ‘that’ and ‘those’ (far away in time): Do you remember that teacher in our school? He was crazy! Did you speak to those boys at the party last night? (We do not have a form for ‘aquello/s’ in this context, just use ‘that/those’) When we talk about imaginary/non tangible things (ideas, thoughts, questions) we can use all of the demonstratives: I think that/this is a good idea. We need to remember to ask these/those questions.