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NQO1 is an enzyme that modulates redox status and hydrogen peroxide levels in pancreatic beta-cells. The study aimed to determine the role of NQO1 in beta-cell health and metabolism. It was hypothesized that NQO1 reduces oxidative stress in beta-cells by lowering quinone-dependent hydrogen peroxide production and modulates the NAD(P)H-to-NAD(P)+ ratio in beta-cells. The results supported both hypotheses by showing that overexpressing NQO1 in beta-cell lines and isolated rodent islets lowered hydrogen peroxide production and modulated the NADH-to-NAD+ ratio. Therefore, NQO1 protects beta
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Dmzbb final mbl
NQO1 modulates redox status and H2O2 levels in pancreatic β-cells. The study aimed to determine the role of NQO1 in β-cell health and metabolism. It was hypothesized that 1) NQO1 reduces oxidative stress in β-cells by lowering quinone-dependent H2O2 production and 2) NQO1 modulates the NAD(P)H-to-NAD(P)+ ratio in β-cells. Results showed that overexpressing NQO1 decreased menadione-dependent H2O2 production in INS-1 cells and isolated rodent islets, while NQO1 knockout increased H2O2 production. N
Delaine posterfinal
NQO1, a cytosolic oxidoreductase, plays an important role in maintaining proper redox status and insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells. The study found that in insulin-secreting cells and isolated rodent islets, overexpressing NQO1 decreased reactive oxygen species production from quinones and the NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+ ratio, while NQO1 knockout cells had increased reactive oxygen species formation. This suggests NQO1 protects β-cells from oxidative stress by facilitating the full, two-electron reduction of quinones.
EFFECT OF RESVERETROL ON HUMAN BREAST CANCER (MCF-7) CELL LINE
This document summarizes a study on the effect of resveratrol on human breast cancer MCF-7 cell lines. The study found that resveratrol inhibited the viability of MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 value of 125μM. Treatment with resveratrol induced apoptosis in the cells, as shown by DNA fragmentation, phosphatidylserine externalization, and morphological changes observed under electron microscopy. The apoptosis was further confirmed by the activation of apoptotic proteins like t-Bid and cleavage of α-fodrin. The study concludes that resveratrol shows promise as an anti-cancer agent for its ability to induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells.
NST 190 Presentation
1) Ubiad1 is an antioxidant enzyme that regulates eNOS activity through cytosolic CoQ10 synthesis. Mutation of Ubiad1 in zebrafish bar mutants leads to increased oxidative stress and cardiovascular failure.
2) Experiments show that Ubiad1 produces CoQ10 in a biosynthetic pathway, likely in the Golgi apparatus. Exogenous CoQ10 rescues bar mutants, while statins that block CoQ10 synthesis cause oxidative stress phenotypes.
3) Localization studies indicate Ubiad1 is located in the Golgi apparatus, where it produces a non-mitochondrial pool of CoQ10 that regulates eNOS activity and nitric oxide signaling.
Flores et al 2002 l arginina
This study investigated the effects of short-term exposure to elevated D-glucose levels on L-arginine transport and nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The authors found that exposing HUVECs to 25 mmol/L D-glucose for just 2 minutes increased L-arginine transport and NO production through phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) via p42/44 MAP kinases and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathways. These rapid effects of D-glucose on the L-arginine/NO signaling pathway could be important in conditions with fluctuations in blood glucose levels and may underlie vasodilation seen in
Cdg alg9 tj marrie research day poster:
A major focus of the current research underway is to develop disease models which may then be used to study the pathophysiology of CDG at the cellular level as well as the broader level of the organism as a whole. These disease models may also be used to investigate possible therapeutics. One of the models being used is a yeast model employing brewer's yeast or Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The process of protein glycosylation occurs in all domains of life and is highly conserved. As such the process of glycosylation in eukaryotic yeast cells provides insight into the same process in human cells.
The poster was presented at the 17th Annual ID Research Day & the 4th Annual CCfV Symposium in Halifax, Nova Scotia on April 23rd, 2012.
2013 antioxidant properties of xanthones
This study tested the antioxidant properties of two xanthones (jacareubin and 2-(3,3-dimethylallyl)-1,3,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone) isolated from Calophyllum brasiliense. The xanthones were found to scavenge reactive oxygen species like superoxide, hydroxyl radicals, and peroxynitrite in chemical systems. They also prevented oxidative damage to DNA and proteins induced by hydroxyl radicals. When added to brain, liver, and lung tissue from rats exposed to iron, the xanthones decreased lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species production, and restored glutathione reductase activity in the brain. The results suggest these
2008,pce,gonugunta et al
1) Abscisic acid (ABA) induces stomatal closure in pea plants by raising both the cytosolic pH and nitric oxide (NO) levels in guard cells.
2) The rise in cytosolic pH occurs earlier than the increase in NO, suggesting that pH increases are upstream of NO production during ABA-induced stomatal closure.
3) Modulators that raise cytosolic pH like methylamine enhance stomatal closure and NO production by ABA, while agents that lower pH like butyrate prevent the effects of ABA.
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NQO1 modulates redox status and H2O2 levels in pancreatic β-cells. The study aimed to determine the role of NQO1 in β-cell health and metabolism. It was hypothesized that 1) NQO1 reduces oxidative stress in β-cells by lowering quinone-dependent H2O2 production and 2) NQO1 modulates the NAD(P)H-to-NAD(P)+ ratio in β-cells. Results showed that overexpressing NQO1 decreased menadione-dependent H2O2 production in INS-1 cells and isolated rodent islets, while NQO1 knockout increased H2O2 production. N
Delaine posterfinal
NQO1, a cytosolic oxidoreductase, plays an important role in maintaining proper redox status and insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells. The study found that in insulin-secreting cells and isolated rodent islets, overexpressing NQO1 decreased reactive oxygen species production from quinones and the NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+ ratio, while NQO1 knockout cells had increased reactive oxygen species formation. This suggests NQO1 protects β-cells from oxidative stress by facilitating the full, two-electron reduction of quinones.
EFFECT OF RESVERETROL ON HUMAN BREAST CANCER (MCF-7) CELL LINE
This document summarizes a study on the effect of resveratrol on human breast cancer MCF-7 cell lines. The study found that resveratrol inhibited the viability of MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 value of 125μM. Treatment with resveratrol induced apoptosis in the cells, as shown by DNA fragmentation, phosphatidylserine externalization, and morphological changes observed under electron microscopy. The apoptosis was further confirmed by the activation of apoptotic proteins like t-Bid and cleavage of α-fodrin. The study concludes that resveratrol shows promise as an anti-cancer agent for its ability to induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells.
NST 190 Presentation
1) Ubiad1 is an antioxidant enzyme that regulates eNOS activity through cytosolic CoQ10 synthesis. Mutation of Ubiad1 in zebrafish bar mutants leads to increased oxidative stress and cardiovascular failure.
2) Experiments show that Ubiad1 produces CoQ10 in a biosynthetic pathway, likely in the Golgi apparatus. Exogenous CoQ10 rescues bar mutants, while statins that block CoQ10 synthesis cause oxidative stress phenotypes.
3) Localization studies indicate Ubiad1 is located in the Golgi apparatus, where it produces a non-mitochondrial pool of CoQ10 that regulates eNOS activity and nitric oxide signaling.
Flores et al 2002 l arginina
This study investigated the effects of short-term exposure to elevated D-glucose levels on L-arginine transport and nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The authors found that exposing HUVECs to 25 mmol/L D-glucose for just 2 minutes increased L-arginine transport and NO production through phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) via p42/44 MAP kinases and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathways. These rapid effects of D-glucose on the L-arginine/NO signaling pathway could be important in conditions with fluctuations in blood glucose levels and may underlie vasodilation seen in
Cdg alg9 tj marrie research day poster:
A major focus of the current research underway is to develop disease models which may then be used to study the pathophysiology of CDG at the cellular level as well as the broader level of the organism as a whole. These disease models may also be used to investigate possible therapeutics. One of the models being used is a yeast model employing brewer's yeast or Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The process of protein glycosylation occurs in all domains of life and is highly conserved. As such the process of glycosylation in eukaryotic yeast cells provides insight into the same process in human cells.
The poster was presented at the 17th Annual ID Research Day & the 4th Annual CCfV Symposium in Halifax, Nova Scotia on April 23rd, 2012.
2013 antioxidant properties of xanthones
This study tested the antioxidant properties of two xanthones (jacareubin and 2-(3,3-dimethylallyl)-1,3,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone) isolated from Calophyllum brasiliense. The xanthones were found to scavenge reactive oxygen species like superoxide, hydroxyl radicals, and peroxynitrite in chemical systems. They also prevented oxidative damage to DNA and proteins induced by hydroxyl radicals. When added to brain, liver, and lung tissue from rats exposed to iron, the xanthones decreased lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species production, and restored glutathione reductase activity in the brain. The results suggest these
2008,pce,gonugunta et al
1) Abscisic acid (ABA) induces stomatal closure in pea plants by raising both the cytosolic pH and nitric oxide (NO) levels in guard cells.
2) The rise in cytosolic pH occurs earlier than the increase in NO, suggesting that pH increases are upstream of NO production during ABA-induced stomatal closure.
3) Modulators that raise cytosolic pH like methylamine enhance stomatal closure and NO production by ABA, while agents that lower pH like butyrate prevent the effects of ABA.
pvdq_1
Rational design of transition state analogue inhibitor for PvdQ enzyme.
PvdQ enzyme plays a key role in biosynthesis of siderophore pyoverdine in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and shows substrate preference for acyl chains 12-14 carbons. A series of alkylboronic acids were designed and found to be reversible, competitive inhibitors with picomolar affinity. X-ray crystal structure showed 1-tridecylboronic acid forms covalent bond with active site serine, mimicking substrate transition state. This inhibitor blocked bacterial growth in iron-limited conditions, reproducing genetic pvdQ disruption phenotype.
life sci paper
1) The study evaluated the antioxidant effects of carotenoids from the algae Dunaliella salina in vivo using rat models.
2) Rats pretreated with 125-250 μg/kg of D. salina carotenoids before being administered carbon tetrachloride showed significant protection against oxidative stress compared to controls, as measured by restored antioxidant enzyme levels and decreased lipid peroxidation.
3) Pretreatment with D. salina carotenoids provided better protection than synthetic beta-carotene, indicating D. salina is a potential source of antioxidants for health applications.
resveratrol and glutamat
As a most notable member in the stilbenoid family, resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) has a wide range of biological activities which may have the impact on human health, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, antiviral, anticancer, and antiaging properties as demonstrated in in vitro and animal studies.
The concentration of this amino acid is higher in tomato compared with many vegetables such as carrots, onions or pepper. In addition, glutamate provides the characteristic ‘‘umami taste’’ to foods with high free glutamate content such as cheese, tomato and mushrooms, which are major ingredients in cooking.
Seminario biología molecular
Carolina Mazo Naranjo
Tercer semestre de medicina - UPB
Beneficial effects of crataegus oxyacantha extract on neurobehavioral deficits and brain tissue damages induced by an insecticide mixture of deltamethrin and chlorpyrifos in adult wistar rats
Carey
Gregory Carey's lab is interested in understanding redox biology and the mechanism of action of manumycin-A (Man-A), a natural antitumor compound. Specifically, they seek to determine how controlled changes in reactive oxygen species lead to dephosphorylation of critical targets like MEK and Akt, triggering apoptosis. They hypothesize that CDK2 and protein phosphatase 1 antagonism determines cell fate, and that Man-A may function as a CDK2 inhibitor or PP1 activator. Future work will investigate ROS sources, protein thioreactive sites, and potential Man-A adduction to proteins. The goal is to elucidate how damaged proteins are processed in response to ROS and kinases
Biochemical evaluation of antioxidant activity in extracts and polysaccharide...
In the present study ethanol and water extracts of 15 seaweeds, Dictyota dichotoma var. velutricata,
Dictyota indica, Iyengaria stellata, Padina pavonia, Sargassum swartzii, Sargassum variegatum, Stoechospermum marginatum, Stokeyia indica, Jolyna laminarioides, Caulerpa taxifolia, Halimeda tuna, Ulva fasciata, Ulva lactuca, Solieria robusta, and elanothamnus afaqhusainii, were evaluated for their antioxidant potential by ABTS, superoxide and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assays. The activity was concentration dependent and the variation in antioxidant potential was also observed by different assays in both extracts. Ethanol extract ofD. dichotoma var. velutricata,D. indica and S. marginatum demonstrated highest activity by TAC assay. The antioxidant potential in organic solvent fractions of
seaweeds namely P. pavonia, S. swartzii, S. marginatum andM. afaqhusainii was also determined and chloroform fraction of all the four seaweeds showed highest activity by superoxide assay. Antioxidant activity of extracted fractions of polysaccharides from S. indica, C. taxifolia and D. dichotoma var. velutricata was also evaluated by superoxide method. Polysaccharide fractions of S. indica obtained from HCl (at 70 0C and room temperature) and water extract demonstrated highest activity respectively. All the polysaccharide fractions of C. taxifolia showed excellent activity except CaClF70 °C. Polysaccharide fractions of D. dichotoma var. velutricata also exhibited very good activity.
11
Mutations that reduce outer membrane permeability in Escherichia coli lead to increased tolerance of the bacterium to the antimicrobial lactoperoxidase enzyme system. The study identified two E. coli mutants with increased tolerance to lactoperoxidase due to mutations in genes involved in lipopolysaccharide synthesis. These mutants had reduced amounts of porins in their outer membrane, indicating decreased outer membrane permeability. Knockout mutants of specific porin genes also showed increased tolerance, suggesting the antimicrobial activity of lactoperoxidase relies on uptake of its oxidized substrates through porins.
Anti cancerous drug from marine ecosystem
Cancer is one of the fatal disease that has no known complete cure.One of approach in developing the novel drug is through unraveling the enigma of marine biodiversity.
Natural killer cell activation
This document describes a study that investigated the effects of an extract from the cyanobacteria Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFAe) on human natural killer (NK) cells in vitro. The key findings were:
1) AFAe directly activated NK cells, as shown by increased expression of the activation markers CD69 and CD25 on CD3-CD56+ NK cells after 18 hours of exposure.
2) The low-molecular-weight fraction (<5,000 Da) of AFAe induced the strongest NK cell activation, suggesting novel activating compounds.
3) NK cell activation by AFAe required the presence of other immune cells such as monocytes, as
Placement Thesis-Tricoderma Reesei (Autosaved)
During a work placement, the author recombinantly produced an engineered cellobiose dehydrogenase from Corynascus thermophilus (rCtCDH) in Trichoderma reesei and characterized the enzyme. rCtCDH was expressed at levels of 93.6 U/ml and purified, yielding 12.4 U/mg and a 42% yield. Initial characterization was performed using SDS-PAGE and activity measurements. The author worked under the supervision of post-doctoral researcher Su Ma to produce, purify and characterize the engineered enzyme using T. reesei as an expression system.
A_2011_022_Original_paper_pp159_165
1 (Normal) 2.1g ± 0.15 0.42h ± 0.03 0.28f ± 0.02 1.2h ± 0.11
Group 2 (CCl4) 1.3a ± 0.21 0.22a ± 0.04 0.15a ± 0.03 3.8a ± 0.51
Group 3 1.6c ± 0.23 0.28c ± 0.05 0.20c ± 0.04 2.8b ± 0.41
Group 6 (Tert.) 1.8e ± 0.17 0.34f ± 0.06 0.24e ± 0.03
5 a aminoglycosides
This document discusses optimizing aminoglycoside dosage based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles. It describes how aminoglycosides have concentration-dependent bactericidal activity and prolonged post-antibiotic effects. Studies in animal models and patients show the importance of maximizing peak concentrations and AUC/MIC ratios for efficacy. Once-daily dosing is recommended to optimize these exposure parameters while reducing toxicity risks compared to multiple daily doses. The mechanisms of aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity are also summarized, involving uptake into proximal tubule cells and accumulation in lysosomes which can rupture and induce apoptosis.
mBio-2014-Melnyk-
This document describes a study that used transposon mutagenesis and targeted gene deletions to identify genes involved in perchlorate reduction in the bacterium Azospira suillum PS. Transposon mutagenesis identified 18 mutants that were completely unable to grow using perchlorate as an electron acceptor (perchlorate null mutants). Most of these mutants had transposon insertions in genes located within the previously identified perchlorate reduction genomic island. Targeted deletions of each gene within this island identified 8 genes that were essential for perchlorate reduction, including those encoding the key enzymes chlorite dismutase and perchlorate reductase as well as genes for a putative regulatory system. This
Marine drugs
The document discusses drugs obtained from marine organisms. It begins by introducing marine drugs and their ancient use. It then covers classification of marine drug molecules and provides examples for different classes: anti-neoplastic agents (crassin acetate, sinularin, fludarabine), cardiovascular drugs (laminin, eldoisin, sepongosin), marine toxins (tetrodotoxin, brevetoxin, ciguatoxin), antimicrobials (zonarol, prepacifenol, eunicin), and antibiotics. In summary, the document outlines various classes of potent bioactive molecules discovered from marine organisms and used for conditions like cancer, cardiovascular issues, and microbial infections.
Studies on combined effect of Aeromonas hydrophila and cadmium on lipid per...
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
A reading report for <Phosphoproteomics Identifies CK2 as a Negative Regula...
A reading report for <Phosphoproteomics Identifies CK2 as a Negative Regulator of Beige Adipocyte Thermogenesis and Energy Expenditure>, only for private study use, please do not use it for profit or public.
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This document summarizes a study that identified a novel reactive chlorine species (RCS) defense mechanism in the bacterium Azospira suillum. The study found:
1) A sigma factor (SigF) and its anti-sigma factor (NrsF) regulate expression of genes involved in RCS defense, including a methionine-rich periplasmic protein (MrpX) and a methionine sulfoxide reductase (YedY1).
2) MrpX is strongly induced by RCS like hypochlorite and acts to scavenge it through methionine oxidation, while YedY1 regenerates reduced MrpX.
Expression of Genetically Engineered Chitinase Gene of Pyrococcus furiosus
ABSTRACT: Wild-type Pyrococcus furiosus is most likely unable to grow on chitin in the natural biotope due to a nucleotide insertion which separates the chitinase gene into two ORFs, whereas a genetically engineered strain with the deleted nucleotide is able to grow on chitin. In the latest studies, the recombinant enzyme activity against the crystal chitins was examined. But there are still some conflictions. In our study, to shed a light on whether the construct composed of a catalytic domain and a chitin binding domain show any activity against crystalline chitin, the construct was created in the pET 28b (+) expression vector and expressed in Escherichia coli. The chitinase with an approximately 55 kDa molecular weight was determined. The activity of the enzyme was measured spectrophotometrically. Despite the presence of enzyme activity against the colloidal chitin, no significant activity against the crystal chitin has been measured.
Inhibition of ζ carotene desaturase gene in chili
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Extraction of β-galactosidase and β-glucosidase from the seeds of Tamarindus ...
The enzymes β–galactosidase and β–glucosidase were extracted from the tamarind seeds using different buffers at different pH. Highest activity was obtained with 10 mM sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.6 and 10 mM tris buffer, pH 7.4. The effect of NaCl and Triton X–100 at different concentrations on the extraction of the enzymes indicated 10 mM sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.6 containing 1 M NaCl as a better extractant of the enzyme. The enzyme assay was carried out using p–nitrophenyl–β–D–galactoside and p–nitrophenyl–β–D–glucoside as substrates. Highest enzyme activities were observed on 6th and 24th day of germination. The protein content gradually decreased upto 5th day of germination and suddenly increased on 6th day. However, on subsequent days of germination, the protein content greatly decreased upto 11th day. During the latter period of germination (18th day onwards) the content remained almost constant. The kinetic parameters varied for both β–galactosidase and β–glucosidase. The activity of β–galactosidase was show to have an optimal operating condition at pH 5.5 and a temperature of 500C. The thermostability of the enzyme was in the range of 400C – 700C with the pH stability in the range of 5.0 – 7.0. The Km and Vmax values for pNPGal were determined as 66μM and 2.27nmolesmin-1. In contrast the activity of β–glucosidase was shown to have an optimal operating condition at pH 5.0 and a temperature of 300C. The thermostability of the enzyme was in the range of 270C – 350C with the pH stability in the range of 4.0 – 7.0. The Km and Vmax values for pNPGlu were determined as 121μM and 5.26nmolesmin-1. The presented study is a preliminary work carried out for the standardization of protocols. The purification and characterization of β–galactosidase and β–glucosidase is under progress.
Paper dmzbb nqo1
This document discusses the role of NQO1, an NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductase, in pancreatic beta cells. The study found that NQO1 protects beta cells from oxidative stress by reducing quinone-dependent reactive oxygen species production. It also found that NQO1 lowers the NADH-to-NAD+ ratio in beta cells, indicating it modulates cellular redox status. Overexpression of NQO1 decreased hydrogen peroxide levels while knockout of NQO1 increased hydrogen peroxide levels in beta cells exposed to oxidative stress. Therefore, NQO1 enhances beta cell health and metabolism by protecting from oxidative damage and regulating redox cycling.
Parodi et al 2002 atp y adenosina
This study investigated how elevated glucose levels affect adenosine transport in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The researchers found that incubating HUVECs in 25 mmol/L glucose or ATP reduced adenosine transport by inhibiting the human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1). This inhibition was mediated by activation of P2Y2 purinoceptors and involved reduced hENT1 expression and activity. The effects of glucose and nucleotides were blocked by P2Y receptor antagonists, demonstrating that glucose stimulates P2Y2 receptors by increasing ATP release, providing a potential mechanism for how glucose impacts adenosine regulation and vascular function.
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pvdq_1
Rational design of transition state analogue inhibitor for PvdQ enzyme.
PvdQ enzyme plays a key role in biosynthesis of siderophore pyoverdine in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and shows substrate preference for acyl chains 12-14 carbons. A series of alkylboronic acids were designed and found to be reversible, competitive inhibitors with picomolar affinity. X-ray crystal structure showed 1-tridecylboronic acid forms covalent bond with active site serine, mimicking substrate transition state. This inhibitor blocked bacterial growth in iron-limited conditions, reproducing genetic pvdQ disruption phenotype.
life sci paper
1) The study evaluated the antioxidant effects of carotenoids from the algae Dunaliella salina in vivo using rat models.
2) Rats pretreated with 125-250 μg/kg of D. salina carotenoids before being administered carbon tetrachloride showed significant protection against oxidative stress compared to controls, as measured by restored antioxidant enzyme levels and decreased lipid peroxidation.
3) Pretreatment with D. salina carotenoids provided better protection than synthetic beta-carotene, indicating D. salina is a potential source of antioxidants for health applications.
resveratrol and glutamat
As a most notable member in the stilbenoid family, resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) has a wide range of biological activities which may have the impact on human health, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, antiviral, anticancer, and antiaging properties as demonstrated in in vitro and animal studies.
The concentration of this amino acid is higher in tomato compared with many vegetables such as carrots, onions or pepper. In addition, glutamate provides the characteristic ‘‘umami taste’’ to foods with high free glutamate content such as cheese, tomato and mushrooms, which are major ingredients in cooking.
Seminario biología molecular
Carolina Mazo Naranjo
Tercer semestre de medicina - UPB
Beneficial effects of crataegus oxyacantha extract on neurobehavioral deficits and brain tissue damages induced by an insecticide mixture of deltamethrin and chlorpyrifos in adult wistar rats
Carey
Gregory Carey's lab is interested in understanding redox biology and the mechanism of action of manumycin-A (Man-A), a natural antitumor compound. Specifically, they seek to determine how controlled changes in reactive oxygen species lead to dephosphorylation of critical targets like MEK and Akt, triggering apoptosis. They hypothesize that CDK2 and protein phosphatase 1 antagonism determines cell fate, and that Man-A may function as a CDK2 inhibitor or PP1 activator. Future work will investigate ROS sources, protein thioreactive sites, and potential Man-A adduction to proteins. The goal is to elucidate how damaged proteins are processed in response to ROS and kinases
Biochemical evaluation of antioxidant activity in extracts and polysaccharide...
In the present study ethanol and water extracts of 15 seaweeds, Dictyota dichotoma var. velutricata,
Dictyota indica, Iyengaria stellata, Padina pavonia, Sargassum swartzii, Sargassum variegatum, Stoechospermum marginatum, Stokeyia indica, Jolyna laminarioides, Caulerpa taxifolia, Halimeda tuna, Ulva fasciata, Ulva lactuca, Solieria robusta, and elanothamnus afaqhusainii, were evaluated for their antioxidant potential by ABTS, superoxide and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assays. The activity was concentration dependent and the variation in antioxidant potential was also observed by different assays in both extracts. Ethanol extract ofD. dichotoma var. velutricata,D. indica and S. marginatum demonstrated highest activity by TAC assay. The antioxidant potential in organic solvent fractions of
seaweeds namely P. pavonia, S. swartzii, S. marginatum andM. afaqhusainii was also determined and chloroform fraction of all the four seaweeds showed highest activity by superoxide assay. Antioxidant activity of extracted fractions of polysaccharides from S. indica, C. taxifolia and D. dichotoma var. velutricata was also evaluated by superoxide method. Polysaccharide fractions of S. indica obtained from HCl (at 70 0C and room temperature) and water extract demonstrated highest activity respectively. All the polysaccharide fractions of C. taxifolia showed excellent activity except CaClF70 °C. Polysaccharide fractions of D. dichotoma var. velutricata also exhibited very good activity.
11
Mutations that reduce outer membrane permeability in Escherichia coli lead to increased tolerance of the bacterium to the antimicrobial lactoperoxidase enzyme system. The study identified two E. coli mutants with increased tolerance to lactoperoxidase due to mutations in genes involved in lipopolysaccharide synthesis. These mutants had reduced amounts of porins in their outer membrane, indicating decreased outer membrane permeability. Knockout mutants of specific porin genes also showed increased tolerance, suggesting the antimicrobial activity of lactoperoxidase relies on uptake of its oxidized substrates through porins.
Anti cancerous drug from marine ecosystem
Cancer is one of the fatal disease that has no known complete cure.One of approach in developing the novel drug is through unraveling the enigma of marine biodiversity.
Natural killer cell activation
This document describes a study that investigated the effects of an extract from the cyanobacteria Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFAe) on human natural killer (NK) cells in vitro. The key findings were:
1) AFAe directly activated NK cells, as shown by increased expression of the activation markers CD69 and CD25 on CD3-CD56+ NK cells after 18 hours of exposure.
2) The low-molecular-weight fraction (<5,000 Da) of AFAe induced the strongest NK cell activation, suggesting novel activating compounds.
3) NK cell activation by AFAe required the presence of other immune cells such as monocytes, as
Placement Thesis-Tricoderma Reesei (Autosaved)
During a work placement, the author recombinantly produced an engineered cellobiose dehydrogenase from Corynascus thermophilus (rCtCDH) in Trichoderma reesei and characterized the enzyme. rCtCDH was expressed at levels of 93.6 U/ml and purified, yielding 12.4 U/mg and a 42% yield. Initial characterization was performed using SDS-PAGE and activity measurements. The author worked under the supervision of post-doctoral researcher Su Ma to produce, purify and characterize the engineered enzyme using T. reesei as an expression system.
A_2011_022_Original_paper_pp159_165
1 (Normal) 2.1g ± 0.15 0.42h ± 0.03 0.28f ± 0.02 1.2h ± 0.11
Group 2 (CCl4) 1.3a ± 0.21 0.22a ± 0.04 0.15a ± 0.03 3.8a ± 0.51
Group 3 1.6c ± 0.23 0.28c ± 0.05 0.20c ± 0.04 2.8b ± 0.41
Group 6 (Tert.) 1.8e ± 0.17 0.34f ± 0.06 0.24e ± 0.03
5 a aminoglycosides
This document discusses optimizing aminoglycoside dosage based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles. It describes how aminoglycosides have concentration-dependent bactericidal activity and prolonged post-antibiotic effects. Studies in animal models and patients show the importance of maximizing peak concentrations and AUC/MIC ratios for efficacy. Once-daily dosing is recommended to optimize these exposure parameters while reducing toxicity risks compared to multiple daily doses. The mechanisms of aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity are also summarized, involving uptake into proximal tubule cells and accumulation in lysosomes which can rupture and induce apoptosis.
mBio-2014-Melnyk-
This document describes a study that used transposon mutagenesis and targeted gene deletions to identify genes involved in perchlorate reduction in the bacterium Azospira suillum PS. Transposon mutagenesis identified 18 mutants that were completely unable to grow using perchlorate as an electron acceptor (perchlorate null mutants). Most of these mutants had transposon insertions in genes located within the previously identified perchlorate reduction genomic island. Targeted deletions of each gene within this island identified 8 genes that were essential for perchlorate reduction, including those encoding the key enzymes chlorite dismutase and perchlorate reductase as well as genes for a putative regulatory system. This
Marine drugs
The document discusses drugs obtained from marine organisms. It begins by introducing marine drugs and their ancient use. It then covers classification of marine drug molecules and provides examples for different classes: anti-neoplastic agents (crassin acetate, sinularin, fludarabine), cardiovascular drugs (laminin, eldoisin, sepongosin), marine toxins (tetrodotoxin, brevetoxin, ciguatoxin), antimicrobials (zonarol, prepacifenol, eunicin), and antibiotics. In summary, the document outlines various classes of potent bioactive molecules discovered from marine organisms and used for conditions like cancer, cardiovascular issues, and microbial infections.
Studies on combined effect of Aeromonas hydrophila and cadmium on lipid per...
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
A reading report for <Phosphoproteomics Identifies CK2 as a Negative Regula...
A reading report for <Phosphoproteomics Identifies CK2 as a Negative Regulator of Beige Adipocyte Thermogenesis and Energy Expenditure>, only for private study use, please do not use it for profit or public.
mBio-2015-Melnyk-
This document summarizes a study that identified a novel reactive chlorine species (RCS) defense mechanism in the bacterium Azospira suillum. The study found:
1) A sigma factor (SigF) and its anti-sigma factor (NrsF) regulate expression of genes involved in RCS defense, including a methionine-rich periplasmic protein (MrpX) and a methionine sulfoxide reductase (YedY1).
2) MrpX is strongly induced by RCS like hypochlorite and acts to scavenge it through methionine oxidation, while YedY1 regenerates reduced MrpX.
Expression of Genetically Engineered Chitinase Gene of Pyrococcus furiosus
ABSTRACT: Wild-type Pyrococcus furiosus is most likely unable to grow on chitin in the natural biotope due to a nucleotide insertion which separates the chitinase gene into two ORFs, whereas a genetically engineered strain with the deleted nucleotide is able to grow on chitin. In the latest studies, the recombinant enzyme activity against the crystal chitins was examined. But there are still some conflictions. In our study, to shed a light on whether the construct composed of a catalytic domain and a chitin binding domain show any activity against crystalline chitin, the construct was created in the pET 28b (+) expression vector and expressed in Escherichia coli. The chitinase with an approximately 55 kDa molecular weight was determined. The activity of the enzyme was measured spectrophotometrically. Despite the presence of enzyme activity against the colloidal chitin, no significant activity against the crystal chitin has been measured.
Inhibition of ζ carotene desaturase gene in chili
This document outlines a research project aiming to inhibit the expression of the ζ-carotene desaturase gene in capsicum annuum (chili peppers). The objectives are to study the functional role of this gene in chili and its effects on other genes in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway. The project involves three phases: 1) transforming chili plants to insert an antisense version of the target gene, 2) analyzing gene expression levels using real-time PCR, and 3) profiling metabolites using GC-MS to compare levels in transgenic versus wild-type plants. The goal is to better understand the role of the ζ-carotene desaturase gene and effects of its inhibition on carotenoid biosynthesis in
Extraction of β-galactosidase and β-glucosidase from the seeds of Tamarindus ...
The enzymes β–galactosidase and β–glucosidase were extracted from the tamarind seeds using different buffers at different pH. Highest activity was obtained with 10 mM sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.6 and 10 mM tris buffer, pH 7.4. The effect of NaCl and Triton X–100 at different concentrations on the extraction of the enzymes indicated 10 mM sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.6 containing 1 M NaCl as a better extractant of the enzyme. The enzyme assay was carried out using p–nitrophenyl–β–D–galactoside and p–nitrophenyl–β–D–glucoside as substrates. Highest enzyme activities were observed on 6th and 24th day of germination. The protein content gradually decreased upto 5th day of germination and suddenly increased on 6th day. However, on subsequent days of germination, the protein content greatly decreased upto 11th day. During the latter period of germination (18th day onwards) the content remained almost constant. The kinetic parameters varied for both β–galactosidase and β–glucosidase. The activity of β–galactosidase was show to have an optimal operating condition at pH 5.5 and a temperature of 500C. The thermostability of the enzyme was in the range of 400C – 700C with the pH stability in the range of 5.0 – 7.0. The Km and Vmax values for pNPGal were determined as 66μM and 2.27nmolesmin-1. In contrast the activity of β–glucosidase was shown to have an optimal operating condition at pH 5.0 and a temperature of 300C. The thermostability of the enzyme was in the range of 270C – 350C with the pH stability in the range of 4.0 – 7.0. The Km and Vmax values for pNPGlu were determined as 121μM and 5.26nmolesmin-1. The presented study is a preliminary work carried out for the standardization of protocols. The purification and characterization of β–galactosidase and β–glucosidase is under progress.
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Biochemical evaluation of antioxidant activity in extracts and polysaccharide...
Biochemical evaluation of antioxidant activity in extracts and polysaccharide...
Studies on combined effect of Aeromonas hydrophila and cadmium on lipid per...
Studies on combined effect of Aeromonas hydrophila and cadmium on lipid per...
A reading report for <Phosphoproteomics Identifies CK2 as a Negative Regula...
A reading report for <Phosphoproteomics Identifies CK2 as a Negative Regula...
Expression of Genetically Engineered Chitinase Gene of Pyrococcus furiosus
Expression of Genetically Engineered Chitinase Gene of Pyrococcus furiosus
Extraction of β-galactosidase and β-glucosidase from the seeds of Tamarindus ...
Extraction of β-galactosidase and β-glucosidase from the seeds of Tamarindus ...
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This document discusses the role of NQO1, an NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductase, in pancreatic beta cells. The study found that NQO1 protects beta cells from oxidative stress by reducing quinone-dependent reactive oxygen species production. It also found that NQO1 lowers the NADH-to-NAD+ ratio in beta cells, indicating it modulates cellular redox status. Overexpression of NQO1 decreased hydrogen peroxide levels while knockout of NQO1 increased hydrogen peroxide levels in beta cells exposed to oxidative stress. Therefore, NQO1 enhances beta cell health and metabolism by protecting from oxidative damage and regulating redox cycling.
Parodi et al 2002 atp y adenosina
This study investigated how elevated glucose levels affect adenosine transport in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The researchers found that incubating HUVECs in 25 mmol/L glucose or ATP reduced adenosine transport by inhibiting the human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1). This inhibition was mediated by activation of P2Y2 purinoceptors and involved reduced hENT1 expression and activity. The effects of glucose and nucleotides were blocked by P2Y receptor antagonists, demonstrating that glucose stimulates P2Y2 receptors by increasing ATP release, providing a potential mechanism for how glucose impacts adenosine regulation and vascular function.
Physiological and molecular basis of drought tolerance in rice
This document summarizes a seminar on the physiological and molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance in rice. It discusses mechanisms such as osmoregulation through proline accumulation, antioxidant systems like ascorbate-glutathione pathways, and signaling molecules like ABA. It also describes quantitative trait loci (QTLs) linked to drought tolerance that have been identified, including qDTY12.1. Finally, it discusses transgenic approaches to improving drought tolerance by overexpressing genes involved in traits like root growth, osmoprotectant synthesis, and transcription factor regulation.
Infect. Immun.-2016-Jain-439-51
This study characterized the function of ALL2, a homolog of ALL1, in the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. The key findings were:
1) Unlike deletion of ALL1, deletion of ALL2 attenuated virulence in a pulmonary infection model.
2) The all2Δ mutant shed a less viscous exopolysaccharide and was more sensitive to hydrogen peroxide but more resistant to macrophage killing than the wild type.
3) Transcriptome analysis supported distinct functions for ALL1 and ALL2, with ALL2 uniquely involved in maintaining intracellular pH under low-pH conditions.
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1. The document describes a presentation on investigating vitamin B12-conjugated PYY3-36 peptides for the treatment of obesity.
2. PYY3-36 is an intestinal hormone that reduces appetite, but has a short half-life. Conjugating it to vitamin B12 could improve its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics when administered.
3. The presentation involves synthesizing B12-PYY3-36 conjugates, testing their receptor binding and activity in vitro, and evaluating their effects on food intake and body weight gain in rodent feeding studies after subcutaneous administration. The results suggest B12 conjugation enhances the appetite-suppressing effects of PYY3-36.
NIH Poster Brian A. Smith
1) The study investigated the effects of dopamine (DA), dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL), and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) on oligomerization of wild-type α-synuclein and mutated forms (A53T, A30P).
2) DOPAL was found to potently oligomerize α-synuclein, around 10 times more than DA. DOPAC had little effect.
3) DOPAL also oligomerized the mutated forms of α-synuclein and appeared to aggregate the A53T form to the point that it did not migrate in gels.
special project cyp2e1 report
This study investigated the effects of antioxidants such as alpha-lipoic acid, vitamin C, and resveratrol on the overexpression of cytochrome P450 2E1 in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat tissues. Real-time PCR and RT-PCR analysis showed that administration of vitamin C to diabetic rats had the most significant effect in reducing CYP2E1 overexpression, while administration of vitamin C together with alpha-lipoic acid caused the second most decrease. Administration of alpha-lipoic acid alone resulted in lower reduction of CYP2E1 expression compared to vitamin C and the combination of vitamins.
Decreases Expression of PGC-1α in the Alzheimer Disease Brain Impaire Mitocho...
Alzheimer is the most neurodegenerative disorder in the aged people. It is characterized by senile, accumulation of amyloid plaque, neurofibrillary tangle and progressive decline in brain memory cells.
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Beta cell failure, stress and dm2
Variant CDKAL1 is associated with type 2 diabetes. Two recent studies link CDKAL1 to the modification of a transfer RNA (tRNA) involved in protein translation. CDKAL1 adds a chemical group to tRNA that incorporates the amino acid lysine during protein synthesis. Mice deficient in CDKAL1 have reduced lysine in proinsulin, impairing its processing into insulin. This provides insight into how CDKAL1 variants may increase susceptibility to type 2 diabetes by disrupting insulin production.
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The document discusses mitochondrial dysfunction in insulin resistant mice (DKO mice) as a model for type 2 diabetes. Electron microscopy showed DKO mice had larger, fewer mitochondria than controls. Foxo1, a transcription factor regulated by insulin, was dysregulated in DKO mice, affecting genes controlling mitochondrial function. Immunoblotting showed altered levels of fission/fusion proteins in DKO mice mitochondria. Respiration and ATP production were lower in DKO mice mitochondria, as was electron transport chain activity. Ppargc1a, a regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, was highly expressed but inhibited by acetylation in DKO mice. Restoring Ppargc1a function or deleting Foxo1 improved mitochondrial morphology and
04_IJPBA_1841_20.pdf
This study investigated the effects of administering aqueous extracts of white grub and white grub waste to diabetic rats over two weeks. Biochemical analysis found that after one week, the extract-treated groups showed improvements in liver and kidney function indices compared to the untreated diabetic group. After two weeks, the white grub extract provided even greater benefits, lowering levels of liver enzymes and improving other liver and kidney parameters. The results suggest that the white grub extract did not harm liver or kidney function in diabetic rats and appeared to have protective effects.
2016 RBC RETREAT POSTER TEMPLATE_SMP
- The study characterized the kinetic properties of wild-type human Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 2 (HsPYCR2) and its R251C mutant found in patients.
- Kinetic analysis showed the R251C mutant had slightly lower catalytic efficiency (4-5 fold) for NADH and NADPH substrates compared to wild-type, suggesting the mutation impacts proline biosynthesis.
- Additional studies on protein structure may help understand how the R251C mutation contributes to neurological disease phenotypes seen in patients.
our paper
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effects of o-phenylenediamine (oPD) exposure on biochemical parameters in the liver and brain of zebrafish. Zebrafish were exposed to 1ppm and 5ppm of oPD for 15 days. Biological oxygen demand tests found moderate pollution in water treated with both concentrations of oPD. Exposure resulted in increased liver oxidative stress and alterations in liver detoxification enzymes and brain monoamine oxidase activity, suggesting oPD toxicity affects multiple organ systems. The study aims to understand the chronic effects and toxicity mechanism of oPD in aquatic animals like zebrafish.
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This study investigated the gastroprotective effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in indomethacin-induced gastric injury in rats and the role of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). Rats pretreated with CoQ10 before indomethacin showed significantly reduced gastric damage, increased prostaglandin E2 levels, and decreased MMP-9 and myeloperoxidase activities compared to rats given indomethacin alone. Pretreating rats with a nitric oxide inhibitor before CoQ10 attenuated the gastroprotective effect of CoQ10. The results suggest that regulation of MMP-9 is one mechanism of CoQ10's gastroprotective effect and that
Research on Diabetes and hepatotoxicity in wistar rat By Nitin Kale final 24...
This document describes a study protocol to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of scopoletin against anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity in a streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetes mellitus rat model. The study aims to explore scopoletin as a potential therapeutic agent for managing diabetes and protecting liver health. Rats will be induced with type 2 diabetes using streptozotocin and nicotinamide. Hepatotoxicity will then be induced using isoniazid and rifampicin. Rats will be treated with scopoletin, metformin, or metformin and silymarin. Blood glucose, body weight, liver enzymes, and oxidative stress
JBEI Highlights May 2016
The document describes research on pretreatment methods for agave bagasse to improve saccharification yields. Key findings include:
- Ionic liquid pretreatment was more effective at reducing cellulose crystallinity than alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment for both raw and calcium oxalate-extracted bagasse.
- Calcium oxalate extraction prior to ionic liquid pretreatment significantly improved saccharification yields, but extraction reduced yields for alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment.
- The study highlights the importance of understanding all plant cell wall components and how they impact biomass deconstruction. Ionic liquid generated the highest observed sugar yields.
Research Presentation 2023 about DNA replication and repair, Kidney inflammat...
1) FEN1 is an endonuclease that cleaves 5' flaps from DNA. Crystal structures of FEN1 show it bends DNA substrates by 100 degrees upon binding.
2) Kinetic studies found that FEN1 binds and bends DNA at a diffusion-limited rate, but DNA distortion limits the cleavage rate to around 24 s-1. Mutation studies suggest DNA distortion and cleavage can be uncoupled.
3) ZBP1 is a DNA sensor that recognizes foreign DNA and induces inflammation and cell death. Studies found ZBP1 mediates NLRP3 inflammasome activation and cell death pathways induced by IFNγ and LPS in kidney cells.
Brenna O-GlcNAc Final Poster
1) The document examines how elevating O-GlcNAc levels through OGA inhibition or increasing OGT substrate availability affects mitochondrial function.
2) Experiments found that elevated O-GlcNAc levels decreased mitochondrial respiration and ATP production, while reducing reactive oxygen species levels.
3) Pathway analysis predicted that the NRF2-mediated oxidative stress response, a key regulator of antioxidants, was downregulated with elevated O-GlcNAc. Protein expression of antioxidant genes regulated by NRF2, such as TXNRD1, were also reduced.
4) Together, the results demonstrate that prolonged alterations to cellular O-GlcNAc homeostasis impact mitochondrial function and metabolism.
emm201548a
N-acetyl-D-glucosamine kinase (NAGK) interacts with dynein light-chain roadblock type 1 (DYNLRB1) at dendritic branch points in neurons. Immunocytochemistry and proximity ligation assays showed colocalization of NAGK and DYNLRB1 on microtubule fibers at dendritic branches. NAGK was also found to interact with Golgi outposts and DYNLRB1 at branch points, indicating a tripartite interaction between NAGK, dynein, and Golgi that regulates dendritic growth and branching. Introduction of a peptide derived from DYNLRB1 stunted dendrite development in cultured neurons.
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This document discusses renal physiology and the function of the kidney. It begins with an overview of the main functions of the kidney, which include regulating fluid homeostasis by controlling water and ion balance, removing waste from the blood, and producing hormones. The document then discusses various aspects of renal physiology in more detail, including glomerular filtration rate (GFR), the forces that drive filtration in the kidney, and mechanisms that control GFR such as autoregulation, the renin-angiotensin system, and the tubuloglomerular feedback loop. It also addresses fluid compartments in the body and composition, as well as reabsorption and secretion along the nephron.
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Cv 2015
Delaine M. Zayas-Bazán Burgos is a junior studying biology at the University of Puerto Rico at Cayey. She is pursuing a bachelor's degree in natural sciences with a major in biology and plans to continue her education by obtaining a doctorate degree in biophysics. Delaine has gained research experience through multiple programs including an internship at the National Cancer Institute and has published posters and presentations on topics such as the effects of NQO1 on pancreatic beta cells. Her skills include techniques such as electrospinning, cell culture work, and microscopy. Upon graduation, she aims to be a successful investigator publishing in journals and editorials.
Poster mayo2014revisado1 preparation and characterization of cellulose fibers
Cellulose fibers were prepared through electrospinning of cellulose acetate and subsequent deacetylation. The fibers were characterized through SEM, FTIR, and porosity measurements. FTIR showed the absence of acetyl peaks, indicating cellulose regeneration from cellulose acetate. SEM showed the fibers retained a fibrous structure after deacetylation. Porosity was measured at 60%, similar to commercial cellulose mats. The cellulose fibers aim to be used for biomedical applications like protein isolation, with further optimization of fiber properties.
Cv 2014
Delaine M. Zayas-Bazán Burgos is a junior studying biology at the University of Puerto Rico at Cayey. She aims to complete her bachelor's degree in natural sciences with a major in biology and then pursue a doctorate in cellular development. Delaine has gained research experience through programs such as RISE and an REU, publishing works on topics such as congenital teratomas and the treatment of cytomegalovirus. She also has teaching experience as a tutor and lab assistant. Delaine's skills include fluency in English and Spanish as well as strong oral and written communication abilities from presenting at conferences and authoring proposals and papers.
Preparation and characterization cellulose draft final final
This document discusses the preparation and characterization of cellulose fibers for biochemical applications. The objectives are to prepare cellulose acetate fibers through electrospinning, then transform them into cellulose fibers through a deacetylation process. Various techniques are used to characterize the fibers, including SEM, FTIR, and porosity measurements. Preliminary results show that cellulose fibers can be successfully regenerated from cellulose acetate. Future work will further evaluate the electrospinning parameters to control fiber porosity for protein separation applications.
A photographic trip to my scientific experiences
Delaine Marie Zayas-Bazán Burgos documented her scientific experiences during her freshman and sophomore years of college. These included participating in a summer program called RISE where she studied ecosystems in Guánica, Puerto Rico. She also had an REU experience at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Massachusetts her first summer where she worked in a laboratory group and presented a poster. The following year she began a new project synthesizing cellulose membranes where she used solutions and equipment like a viscosimeter and SEM.
Latest CV
This document is a resume for Delaine M. Zayas-Bazán Burgos, a sophomore studying Biology at the University of Puerto Rico at Cayey. Her objective is to complete a Bachelor's degree in Natural Sciences with a major in Biology, then continue her education with graduate studies in Cellular Development and obtain a Doctorate's degree. She has experience in teaching, community service, and research. Her skills include being fluent in English and Spanish, demonstrating leadership and teamwork abilities, and having strong oral and written communication skills.
16. delaine reflection biol 4997revised
This document summarizes the author's experience in a semester-long BIOL 4997 Biomedical Techniques course. The course consisted of weekly seminars and workshops in different laboratories on various topics and research styles. As part of the course, the author continued a project in Dr. Bansal's laboratory involving isolating a protein from cell culture using magnetic nanoparticles. The most challenging part of the course was being assigned to an arbitrary team with an uncommunicative partner. Overall, the author learned various laboratory techniques and skills through hands-on experiences in the course, and gained confidence in their ability to succeed in research through dedication and hard work.
Review paper presentation
This document discusses whether valganciclovir is the best preventive treatment for cytomegalovirus (CMV). It begins by introducing CMV as a herpes virus that infects over 80% of adults without symptoms. The document then reviews several studies that tested valganciclovir or ganciclovir treatments in transplant patients and infants. The studies found success rates from 68-96% depending on dosage and duration. The document concludes that valganciclovir is superior to other approved treatments and that combining intravenous then oral medications provides the best prevention and treatment of CMV.
Reflection ecosystems summer
Puerto Rico has incredible biodiversity despite its small size, as reflected in El Bosque Seco de Guánica and El Bosque Nacional del Caribe, el Yunque forests. Though only 200km apart, the distinct ecosystems of the dry forest and pluvial forest give visitors a sense of traveling between countries. Both forests impress with their diverse flora and fauna that have uniquely adapted to survive in their environments, making them ideal places to study evolution, natural selection, and adaptability. The author was inspired to love and appreciate Puerto Rico more after visiting these two gifts of nature and desires to study them further, as one can only love what is known.
Cv
Delaine M. Zayas-Bazán Burgos is a freshman biology student at the University of Puerto Rico at Cayey. Her objective is to complete a bachelor's degree in natural sciences with a major in biology, then continue her education to obtain a doctorate in cancer biology. She has experience tutoring students and participating in community service through honor societies. Her research experience includes writing a proposal on congenital teratomas and presenting an oral proposal on the same topic, as well as writing a review paper on the best treatment for cytomegalovirus. She is currently a member of the R.I.S.E. program for undergraduate research.
Rise vibha investigation presentation (1)
The document describes an experiment to isolate plasminogen activator from a mammalian cell culture using PABA treated magnetic nanoparticles. Key steps included separating the protein using magnetic nanoparticles, analyzing the isolated protein through SDS-PAGE, zymography, and protein estimation assays. Results showed the successful isolation and purification of plasminogen activator from the cell culture broth.
Mycobacteriophages
Mycobacteriophages are viruses that infect mycobacteria. The document describes experiments conducted by students to isolate and characterize mycobacteriophages from soil samples. Soil samples were collected from various locations and depths, enriched in culture, and screened for plaques indicating the presence of phages. While proper procedures were followed, none of the samples yielded phages except for one deeper sample. The experiments helped students learn aseptic technique and other lab skills, but the primary objective of isolating a phage was not achieved, possibly due to environmental or technical factors.
Mycobacteriophages official 20 pts
The document summarizes an experiment aimed at isolating novel mycobacteriophages from soil samples collected from various municipalities in eastern Puerto Rico. Soil samples were collected, enriched, and screened for plaques, but no mycobacteriophages were found across 12 samples analyzed. Factors like soil type, depth, temperature, and availability of bacterial hosts may have influenced the results. More experimentation is needed to isolate mycobacteriophages under different conditions. The procedures were performed correctly but the main objective of finding a novel mycobacteriophage was not achieved.
Paper
This experiment aimed to isolate plasminogen activator from a mammalian cell culture broth using magnetic nanoparticles. Plasminogen activator plays an important role in breaking down blood clots and was isolated from a HeLa cell broth. The hypothesis was that plasminogen activators could be successfully isolated from the broth using magnetic nanoparticles pre-treated with PABA. Various analyses including a chromatogram, SDS-PAGE gel, zymography, and protein estimation were used to analyze the isolated samples. The results showed that plasminogen activator was successfully isolated at a 10-fold purification level, as indicated by the lowest protein levels in the eluate samples across the different analyses. This supports the use of magnetic nanoparticles for efficient protein
Review paper
This review paper analyzes studies on valganciclovir and ganciclovir as treatments for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. The paper compares variables across three studies, including treatment length, dosage, sample size, and effectiveness. It finds that valganciclovir is generally the most effective treatment, and that combining oral valganciclovir with intravenous ganciclovir yields the best results. Longer treatment regimens also lead to better outcomes. The review concludes that valganciclovir is the best available preventive treatment for CMV.
1st annotated bibliography
This paper compares the effectiveness of oral valganciclovir versus intravenous ganciclovir as preemptive treatments for cytomegalovirus infection in patients receiving living donor liver transplants. Twenty-two patients who developed cytomegalovirus within six months of transplant were randomly assigned to receive either valganciclovir or ganciclovir. Ganciclovir showed a higher success rate of preventing cytomegalovirus based on antigenemia assays, at 91% compared to 82% for valganciclovir. Both treatments were found to be effective at preventing cytomegalovirus infection, though the study had limitations including a small sample size.
2nd reflection
This document summarizes a seminar reflection about incorporating unnatural amino acids to express proteins with new functions. Unnatural amino acid labeling is a more specific, non-disruptive, and non-denaturing process for protein labeling compared to other methods like fluorescent labeling or natural amino acid labeling. Understanding and studying proteins through effective labeling provides insight into protein functions, behaviors of organisms, and potential treatments for protein-related diseases by replacing problematic amino acids with unnatural ones.
1st reflection
Kaposi Sarcoma Herpes Virus (KSHV) is a common virus that, like many herpes viruses, undergoes periods of latency and reactivation. During latency, the virus does not express disease-causing genes and reproduces in host cells. Reactivation is important because it causes the virus to express genes that can lead to illnesses and cancer. Understanding the mechanisms of latency and reactivation is significant for developing new virus treatments and modifying infected cells. PhD candidate Olga González and her team are investigating the proteins, nucleic acids, and DNA involved in viral reactivation, which could lead to discoveries treating diseases caused by oncoviruses like KSHV.
Delaine corregido 2julio2012
Este documento presenta una propuesta de investigación sobre un posible vínculo común entre las madres de niños nacidos con teratomas congénitales en Puerto Rico. La investigadora plantea la hipótesis de que existe un denominador común en las dietas y estilos de vida de estas madres. El método incluirá evaluar los registros médicos y encuestas sobre alimentación y estrés de las madres para identificar similitudes. Los hallazgos podrían ayudar a prevenir teratomas congénitales en el futuro.
Ecosistemas
This document summarizes and compares two ecosystems in Puerto Rico: Bosque Seco de Guánica and El Yunque National Forest. It describes the differences between their dry forest and rain forest areas in terms of rainfall, tree size, leaf size, canopy layering, and flora and fauna. The key differences highlighted are the taller trees and greater humidity in El Yunque's rain forest compared to Guanica's drier climate and smaller trees. Threats like overpopulation, pollution and climate change that endanger these ecosystems are also mentioned.
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Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
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Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
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Delaine talk final
- 1. NQO1, NAD(P)H dependent cytosolic oxidoreductase, modulates redox status and H2O2 levels in pancreatic β-cells Delaine Zayas-Bazán Burgos1 , Joshua Gray2,3, Emma Heart3 1University of Puerto Rico at Cayey 2U.S. Coast Guard Academy 3Marine Biology Laboratory
- 2. Pancreas: Islets of Langerhans insulin http://discovery.lifemapsc.com/in-vivo-development/pancreas/pancreatic-ducts
- 4. The role of NQO1 in metabolism Detoxification enzyme Intermediary metabolism Correlated with fasting insulin levels Palming J et al (2007) NQO1 knock-out mice Gaikwad A et al (2001)
- 5. NQO1 and Quinones NQO1 knock-out mice have an enhanced sensitivity to menadione suggesting that the principal function is xenobiotic quinone detoxification. Radjendirane V. (1998) Quinones are? Class of organic compound Endogenous Ubiquinone (CoQ10) Electron carrier Mitochondrial: well known function Exogenous Food: Thymoquinone Pollution: Athraquinone
- 6. NQO1 metabolizes Quinones Hydroquinone form Semi-quinone form: reactive NQO1 reduces H2O2 production by quinones: might be especially important for β-cells, since they have a relatively low level of classical antioxidant enzymes.
- 7. NQOI cytoprotection in β-cells β-cells have relatively low levels of classical antioxidant enzymes SOD • Superoxide dismutases 1,2 and 3 Oxidant signaling Under stress Backfires
- 8. NQO1 is a member of PMET Gray et al (2011) Is the transfer of electrons Mediated by NQO1 NQO1
- 9. Problem and Hypotheses Objective: to determine role of NQO1 in β-cell health and metabolism. Hypotheses: (1) NQO1 reduces oxidative stress in β-cells by lowering quinone-dependent H2O2 production. (2) NQO1 modulates NAD(P)H-to-NAD(P)+ ratio in β-cells.
- 10. Methods 3.3E-10 ± 5.16E -12 5.6E-9 ± 1.96E-12 rmol DCPIP//min INS-1 832/13 cells • Over-expression of NQO1 ▫ Adenovirus with NQO1 ▫ NQO1 activity was measured in cell lysate by decrease in absorbance of (DPIP) dichlorophenolindophenol activity increased more than 10 fold NQO1 (31KD) Western blot analysis of NQO1 protein in lysates from INS-1832/13 cells (adapted from Gray et al 2011)
- 11. Effect of NQO1 over-expression on menadionedependent H2O2 production in INS-1 832/13 cells
- 12. Effect of NQO1 over-expression and knock-out (KO) on menadione-dependent H2O2 production in isolated rodent islets Over-expression Knock-out
- 13. Problem and Hypotheses Objective: to determine role of NQO1 in β-cell health and metabolism. Hypotheses: (1) NQO1 reduces oxidative stress in β-cells by lowering quinone-dependent H2O2 production. (2) NQO1 modulates NAD(P)H-to-NAD(P)+ ratio in β-cells.
- 14. NQO1 regulates NADH-to-NAD+ ratio in INS-1 832/13 cells and rodent islets INS-1 832/13 Rodent Islets
- 15. Conclusions NQO1 ▫ Protects β-cell from oxidant stress ▫ Modulates β-cell redox status by lowering the NADH-to-NAD+ ratio: effect on metabolism (GSIS)
- 16. Future Studies
- 17. Acknowledgments
Editor's Notes
- Alphacells: GlucagenBeta Cells: InsulinDeltaCells: somatosinPP Cells : PancreaticPolypeptide
- NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinine 1
- #1status via reduction of NAD(P)H#2 via complete 2-electron reduction