The document provides definitions of reading from various linguists and discusses the importance of reading. It then summarizes the Basal Reader Approach, which introduces reading skills systematically using controlled vocabulary and integrated subskills. Sample reading activities are described, including word referents, letter sounds, book references, and comprehension questions. The key provides answers to the activities. In summary, the document lays out definitions of reading, overviews the Basal Reader Approach for systematic skills development, and provides examples of reading comprehension exercises.

1. Republic of the Philippines
BULACAN AGRICULTURAL STATE COLLEGE
Institute of Education, Arts and Sciences
Collation of Written Reports
In English 135
(Remedial Instruction in English)
Submitted by:
GROUP 3 (Reading)
Christian L. Chua
Lyn M. Fabores
Arlene S. Pascual
Maricel M. Ubaldo
Clarissa A. Pelayo
Mylene P. Manuel
Jessa L. Villanueva
Ma. KristinaV. Vinuya
Evelyn S. Dela Cruz
Submitted to:
Dr. Alicia SP. Gomez

2. Christian L. Chua
BEEd 4-B
English 135-Remedial Instruction in English
Group 3 (Reading)
The Definition of Reading
Reading is one of the four macro skills of the communication process taught in school.
As the most commonly taught among the four skills, this macro skill serves as the foundation of
basic knowledge in the modern times.It can be safely said that reading is the truebackbone of
most learning. After all, everything starts with the written word — whether it’s math, science or
even home economics. As students go up the educational ladder, more reading is usually
required as subjects become more dense and challenging. The difficulty level simply increases
— not the other way around (The Philippine Star). In the Philippines, the Basic Education
Curriculum (BEC) of 2002 gave an emphasis to this skill in order to cater the needs of the
students which lack most on this macro skill. However, as of the present times, linguists are still
in a search for a clear definition for this skill. The aim of this lesson is to lay some definitions
given by some foreign and Filipino linguists and gain an introductory understanding of this skill.
1. For many years, three basic definitions of reading have driven literacy programs in
the United States. According to the first definition, learning to read means learning
to pronounce words. According to the second definition, learning to read means
learning to identify words and get their meaning. According to the third definition,
learning to read means learning to bring meaning to a text in order to get meaning
from it (Foertsch, 1998).
2. Reading is the process of constructing meaning from written texts. It is a complex
skill requiring the coordination of a number of interrelated sources of information
(Anderson et al., 1985)
3. Goodman explains his reading process as a type of guessing game. He says that the
reader has to do two tasks at the same time: produce oral language determined by
graphic input and make sense of what is being read. Goodman’s reading process is a
receptive language process with connections between language and the thought in
reading. The reader uses prior knowledge and depends on that knowledge they
already have when reading.
All of these definitions lead to only one idea. Reading is an important tool in the
development of the society. We must take note that Reading is the foundation of success. As
quoted by a renowned Filipino journalist (Howie Severino), “Readers are leaders and those who
could read are most likely to express and develop their potentials and those with good reading
comprehension may have the chance to be at the top of their work in the future”. In this case, the
Philippines which has a deteriorating number of proficient readers are trying to make ways of
providing easier approaches to reading instruction. One of which is the BASAL READER
APPROACH. The goal of this approach is for students to learn the different reading skills
systematically. For us to have a further understanding of the approach, stated here are some of
the characteristics of this approach which will help in the teacher’s execution of this approach:

3. 1. Subskills of each major skill vary in difficulty and complexity and are introduced to
the student in a logical, prescribed order.
2. These subskills are integrated into an instructional program so that the student can
interrelate them.
3. The program identifies and introduces a controlled vocabulary of new words in
isolation and context.
4. Subsequent activities involve further skills development: word recognition
comprehension and study skills.
5. Beginning reading methods may differ among the series:
a. Code emphasis programs-emphasis on decoding skills, specifically on
phonics.
b. Meaning emphasis programs-focused on reading for meaning andf
comprehension.
To further develop the use of this approach, Araceli Villamin gave some useful sample
activities through her book Innovative Strategies in Communication Arts.
1. Word referents
 The students are asked to infer who or what is being referred to by an underlined
word in a sentence from a previous sentence.
e.g. Ana found a new book. “May I check this out?”
a) Library
b) Shelf
c) Book
Answer: book
2. Letter and sounds context
 The students are asked to circle the letter of the word that completes the sentence
then to write the word in the blank space provided.
e.g. There are one hundred years in a century.
a) Senator
b) Certainly
c) Century
3. Book part /general references
 The students are asked to use a dictionary or the glossary of a book to get the
meaning of an underlined word in a sentence.
e.g. The thought that she might be late for the show nagged Lorna because
she was the show’s star performer.
4. Comprehension check
 Readers are asked to answer questions which are based on the content of an article
read.
e.g. What did Pedro do for his friend while it was sick?

4. Activity:
I. Word Referents. Choose the letter of the word being referred to by the underlined word.
1. Mr. Santos talked with Raymond. “You will be granted with a scholarship by the
DOST!” he said.
a) Mr. Santos
b) Raymond
2. The coach of the basketball team approached Eubert as he was with his friend.”I
have good news for you!” he said.
a) Coach
b) Eubert
3. Joy is sick. She can’t go to school today, her mother said in a low voice.
a) Joy
b) Mother
4. Rex ate his sister’s Buco pie. This is delicious!, he exclaimed.
a) Rex
b) Buco pie
II. Letters and sounds context. Choose the right word that would complete the blank in
each sentence. Remember the rule in the letter and sounds context. Encircle the letter of
the answer and write the word on the blank space provided.
1. 525,600 minutes are there in a ______.
a) Year
b) Fear
c) Decade
2. Joyce Kilmer is a well known poet and _______.
a) Novelist
b) Playwright
3. One of the best _______ of today is J.K Rowlings who authored Harry Potter.
a) Writers
b) Novelists
III. Book part/general references. Find the meaning of each underlined word in each
sentence through the dictionary or context clues.
1. Even at a young age, Genmark’s way of speaking is already a showcase of eloquence.
2. During my first year in college, I always show aloofness to others.
3. This could be our revolution. To love what is plentiful as much as what is scarce.
IV. Comprehension Check. Read the selection then answer the following questions to the
best of your knowledge.

5. We Alone
Alice Walker
We alone can devalue gold
by not caring
if it falls or rises
in the marketplace.
Wherever there is gold
there is a chain, you know,
and if your chain
is gold
so much the worse
for you.
Feathers, shells
and sea-shaped stones
are all as rare.
This could be our revolution:
to love what is plentiful
as much as
what is scarce.
1. Define: a. alone
b. devalue
c. scarce
2. What chain does the speaker refer to? Why does he consider it worse if you have a gold
chain?
3. There’s a line in the poem saying This could be our revolution: to love what is plentiful as
much as what is scarce. Why does the speaker called it a revolution? How will you be a
part of this?
References;
1. English Macro skills by Nielo et.al.,2009
2. Exploring the world through English and American Literature.
3. Innovative Strategies in Communication Arts by Araceli Villamin.
4. http://1981melissa.wordpress.com/2010/09/11/goodman-reading-a-psycholinguistic-
guessing-game/
5. http://www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/issues/content/cntareas/reading/li7lk1.html

6. Key to Correction:
I.
1. B
2. A
3. A
4. B
II.
1. 525,600 minutes are there in a year.
a) Year
b) Fear
c) Decade
2. Joyce Kilmer is a well known poet and playwright.
a) Novelist
b) Playwright
3. One of the best writers of today is J.K Rowlings who authored Harry Potter.
a) Writers
b) Novelists
III.
1. Fluency or good way of speaking
2. Distance or being away from others
3. Lackness on something
IV.
1. Define: a. alone
b. devalue
c. scarce
2. The gold chain is something that we value which in the end will be the thing to
hinder our success.
3. The speaker called it a revolution because we are fighting or advocating this
belief with the best that we can and we could all be a part of this revolution by
means of giving value to things that we have as much as those we don’t have.