1. This document discusses the history and development of deep learning from the perceptron in 1958 to modern deep neural networks.
2. It describes the key milestones as the perceptron in 1958, multilayer perceptrons in the 1980s which could solve the XOR problem, and Boltzmann machines in the 1980s which introduced unsupervised learning.
3. Deep learning has gained popularity since 2010 due to increases in data and computational power. It is now being applied to problems in computer vision, natural language processing and other domains.