Data,information and database
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Data refers to raw inputs that become meaningful when processed or organized into information. A database is a collection of organized data that meets users' needs. A database management system is a set of programs that allows users to store, modify, and extract information from a database. Examples of databases include computerized library systems, ATMs, flight reservation systems, and computerized parts inventory systems. Queries are used to request specific information from a database in the form of stylized questions.
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data and information
The document discusses key concepts related to databases including:
- Data refers to raw facts and figures that are collected and used as input for computers. Information is processed data that is meaningful and organized for decision making.
- Metadata refers to data about data, describing the meaning and relationships of other data.
- A database is an organized collection of related data that is created and maintained in tables. Examples include phone directories, library catalogs, and accounting systems.
- Components of a database system include data, hardware for storage and processing, and software for managing the data.
Database management system
The document discusses database management systems and file-based systems. It describes some common uses of databases like tracking inventory and processing credit card transactions. It outlines the problems with traditional file-based systems, like the difficulty answering queries that require data from multiple files. A database management system aims to solve these problems by storing all related data together and allowing complex queries across multiple tables.
Data and information
This document defines and compares data and information. It states that data refers to raw facts and figures that are collected, while information is data that has been processed and organized into a meaningful context for users. Several types of each are defined, with data being qualitative or quantitative, and information including strategic, tactical, and operational levels. The key difference between data and information is that data is unprocessed input, while information represents structured and interpreted output.
data resource management
Data resource management involves applying information systems technology to manage data resources. It includes activities like creating, storing, organizing, and retrieving data using database management systems. There are different types of databases like operational, distributed, data warehouses, data marts, and end user databases. Data warehouses store historical data from various operational databases to help identify trends. Data mining techniques are used to better understand data through analysis, sorting, extracting patterns and relationships to gain insights. Common applications of data mining include banking, customer relationship management, targeted marketing, fraud detection, and scientific data analysis.
DBMS basics
The document discusses database management systems (DBMS) and the relational data model. It defines a database and DBMS, describes the purpose of a DBMS in reducing data redundancy and inconsistencies. It also explains the three levels of database abstraction as internal, conceptual, and external levels and the concept of data independence. The relational and other data models like network and hierarchical are described along with their terminology. The document compares the different data models based on usability, implementability and performance.
DBMS Database Management System
This document discusses databases and database management systems. It begins by describing the history of record keeping and how computer databases evolved from manual file systems. It then defines what a database and DBMS are, and lists some of their key advantages like data independence and integrity. The document outlines the main components of a DBMS, including the conceptual and physical levels of data abstraction. It also introduces some common data models, focusing on the relational model and entity-relationship model. Finally, it provides examples of how data is structured in tables within the relational model.
Data Models [DATABASE SYSTEMS: Design, Implementation, and Management]
In this PPT, you will learn:
• About data modeling and why data models are important
• About the basic data-modeling building blocks
• What business rules are and how they influence database design
• How the major data models evolved
• About emerging alternative data models and the needs they fulfill
• How data models can be classified by their level of abstraction
Author: Carlos Coronel | Steven Morris
Database system concepts
This document defines basic database terminology and concepts. It describes key terms like database, tables, fields, records, cells, and objects. It also explains the differences between a database instance and schema. Additionally, it outlines the three schema architecture and how it provides data independence. Finally, it briefly discusses database system components, interfaces, utilities, and classification.
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data and information
The document discusses key concepts related to databases including:
- Data refers to raw facts and figures that are collected and used as input for computers. Information is processed data that is meaningful and organized for decision making.
- Metadata refers to data about data, describing the meaning and relationships of other data.
- A database is an organized collection of related data that is created and maintained in tables. Examples include phone directories, library catalogs, and accounting systems.
- Components of a database system include data, hardware for storage and processing, and software for managing the data.
Database management system
The document discusses database management systems and file-based systems. It describes some common uses of databases like tracking inventory and processing credit card transactions. It outlines the problems with traditional file-based systems, like the difficulty answering queries that require data from multiple files. A database management system aims to solve these problems by storing all related data together and allowing complex queries across multiple tables.
Data and information
This document defines and compares data and information. It states that data refers to raw facts and figures that are collected, while information is data that has been processed and organized into a meaningful context for users. Several types of each are defined, with data being qualitative or quantitative, and information including strategic, tactical, and operational levels. The key difference between data and information is that data is unprocessed input, while information represents structured and interpreted output.
data resource management
Data resource management involves applying information systems technology to manage data resources. It includes activities like creating, storing, organizing, and retrieving data using database management systems. There are different types of databases like operational, distributed, data warehouses, data marts, and end user databases. Data warehouses store historical data from various operational databases to help identify trends. Data mining techniques are used to better understand data through analysis, sorting, extracting patterns and relationships to gain insights. Common applications of data mining include banking, customer relationship management, targeted marketing, fraud detection, and scientific data analysis.
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The document discusses database management systems (DBMS) and the relational data model. It defines a database and DBMS, describes the purpose of a DBMS in reducing data redundancy and inconsistencies. It also explains the three levels of database abstraction as internal, conceptual, and external levels and the concept of data independence. The relational and other data models like network and hierarchical are described along with their terminology. The document compares the different data models based on usability, implementability and performance.
DBMS Database Management System
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Data Models [DATABASE SYSTEMS: Design, Implementation, and Management]
In this PPT, you will learn:
• About data modeling and why data models are important
• About the basic data-modeling building blocks
• What business rules are and how they influence database design
• How the major data models evolved
• About emerging alternative data models and the needs they fulfill
• How data models can be classified by their level of abstraction
Author: Carlos Coronel | Steven Morris
Database system concepts
This document defines basic database terminology and concepts. It describes key terms like database, tables, fields, records, cells, and objects. It also explains the differences between a database instance and schema. Additionally, it outlines the three schema architecture and how it provides data independence. Finally, it briefly discusses database system components, interfaces, utilities, and classification.
Introduction to database
DBMS stands for Database Management System. A DBMS allows for the storage and management of data in an organized manner. It uses tables to store data with rows and columns, where each row represents a record or tuple of data. Entities, attributes, keys, and relationships help define the structure and integrity of data within the database. The three schema architecture separates the physical storage, logical design, and external user views to provide data independence and abstraction between different levels.
Data Modeling PPT
The document discusses data modeling, which involves creating a conceptual model of the data required for an information system. There are three types of data models - conceptual, logical, and physical. A conceptual data model describes what the system contains, a logical model describes how the system will be implemented regardless of the database, and a physical model describes the implementation using a specific database. Common elements of a data model include entities, attributes, and relationships. Data modeling is used to standardize and communicate an organization's data requirements and establish business rules.
Introduction to Database
This document defines database and DBMS, describes their advantages over file-based systems like data independence and integrity. It explains database system components and architecture including physical and logical data models. Key aspects covered are data definition language to create schemas, data manipulation language to query data, and transaction management to handle concurrent access and recovery. It also provides a brief history of database systems and discusses database users and the critical role of database administrators.
5 data resource management
A database is a set of related data. A database management system (DBMS) allows users to access and perform operations on data in a database. Some key benefits of a DBMS include easy data use, centralized data control, and data security. Traditional file systems have disadvantages like data redundancy, inconsistency, and lack of integrity and security. There are different types of database models including hierarchical, network, relational, and object-oriented.
System Data Modelling Tools
This document provides an overview of various system and data modelling tools, including:
1. Data flow diagrams, context diagrams, schemas, and the data dictionary for representing database structure and relationships.
2. Decision trees and decision tables for showing decision paths and outcomes.
3. Normalization for minimizing data duplication through breaking databases into smaller linked tables.
4. SQL syntax and storyboards for querying databases and representing interfaces.
Examples are given for each tool to illustrate their use in system and data modelling.
Data models
This document discusses different types of data models, including object based models like entity relationship and object oriented models, physical models that describe how data is stored, and record based logical models. It specifically mentions hierarchical, network, and relational models as examples of record based logical data models. The purpose of data models is to represent and make data understandable by specifying rules for database construction, allowed data operations, and integrity.
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This document provides an overview of MS Access and database design. It discusses key concepts like relational databases, tables, records, and fields. It also outlines the steps to create tables and define fields, add additional tables, create queries, forms and reports, and use templates to design a database in MS Access. The goal is to organize data without duplication and ensure consistency through techniques like normalization.
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The theoretical framework chapter presents the foundational principles that support the study. It discusses information systems and how they relate to data systems and activity systems to support human decision making. It defines the different users of the system such as admissions, registrars, school administrators, and students. It also defines key concepts for the study such as database management systems, entity-relationship diagrams, normalization, data flow diagrams, and graphical user interfaces.
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This document provides an overview of data modeling, including definitions of key concepts like data models and data modeling. It describes the evolution of popular data models from hierarchical to network to relational to entity-relationship to object-oriented models. For each model, it outlines the basic concepts, advantages, and disadvantages. The document emphasizes that newer data models aimed to address shortcomings of previous approaches and capture real-world data and relationships.
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The document discusses database management systems (DBMS) and their advantages over traditional file-based data storage. It notes that a DBMS allows for controlled data access and defines, creates, and maintains databases. It then outlines some problems with traditional file systems like data redundancy, isolation, and lack of atomicity and integrity. The document concludes that a DBMS provides benefits like reducing redundancy, enforcing integrity constraints, improving security, flexibility, and data sharing compared to file systems.
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The document discusses database planning which involves defining:
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3. The scope and boundaries of the database system including major user views and how it interfaces with other systems.
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Data modeling dbms
Conceptual model,
Think of the conceptual model as an architect’s conceptual drawing of a house. It provides a good idea of what is required with very little additional detail;
Data modelling is a technique for defining business requirements for a database. It is sometimes called database modelling because a data model is eventually implemented in a database
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The document defines key concepts related to database management systems (DBMS) including what a DBMS is, the different levels of database architecture (external, conceptual, internal), data definition language (DDL), normalization, entity relationship (ER) modeling, and database normalization forms. It provides examples to illustrate database concepts and discusses the advantages of using a DBMS compared to traditional file management systems.
Week 3 Classification of Database Management Systems & Data Modeling
The document discusses different types of database management systems and data models. It provides information on the following:
- The relational data model is the most commonly used model today and is supported by popular DBMS like Oracle, SQL Server, DB2, and MySQL.
- Other traditional models like hierarchical and network models are not commonly used now due to their complexity.
- The advantages of data models include increased effectiveness, reduced costs, simplicity, minimum redundancy, data integrity, independence, faster performance, reduced errors and risks.
- The types of data models discussed are hierarchical, network, relational, E-R and object oriented models. The characteristics and advantages/disadvantages of each model are described
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A database is an organized collection of related data that can be used alone or combined with other data for multiple purposes. A database management system (DBMS) enables users to store, modify, and extract information from a database. Key characteristics of a DBMS include performance, sharing data access, security, removing redundancy, and concurrent access. DBMS were developed to address difficulties with typical file processing systems like data redundancy, inconsistent access, and security problems.
Database System: A Case Study of A.T.E.C Central Library
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The document provides an overview of database management systems, including what they are, their benefits, examples, and types of database models. It discusses that a database is a structured collection of records stored in a computer system, and a database management system (DBMS) is software used to organize, analyze, and modify the stored data. Benefits of DBMS include increased productivity, consolidated data, and the ability to easily change information systems. Examples provided are Oracle, Microsoft Access, and SQL Server. Types of database models described are distributed, network, object-oriented, hierarchical, and relational. The document also briefly mentions data security.
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DBMS stands for Database Management System. A DBMS allows for the storage and management of data in an organized manner. It uses tables to store data with rows and columns, where each row represents a record or tuple of data. Entities, attributes, keys, and relationships help define the structure and integrity of data within the database. The three schema architecture separates the physical storage, logical design, and external user views to provide data independence and abstraction between different levels.
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The document discusses data modeling, which involves creating a conceptual model of the data required for an information system. There are three types of data models - conceptual, logical, and physical. A conceptual data model describes what the system contains, a logical model describes how the system will be implemented regardless of the database, and a physical model describes the implementation using a specific database. Common elements of a data model include entities, attributes, and relationships. Data modeling is used to standardize and communicate an organization's data requirements and establish business rules.
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5 data resource management
A database is a set of related data. A database management system (DBMS) allows users to access and perform operations on data in a database. Some key benefits of a DBMS include easy data use, centralized data control, and data security. Traditional file systems have disadvantages like data redundancy, inconsistency, and lack of integrity and security. There are different types of database models including hierarchical, network, relational, and object-oriented.
System Data Modelling Tools
This document provides an overview of various system and data modelling tools, including:
1. Data flow diagrams, context diagrams, schemas, and the data dictionary for representing database structure and relationships.
2. Decision trees and decision tables for showing decision paths and outcomes.
3. Normalization for minimizing data duplication through breaking databases into smaller linked tables.
4. SQL syntax and storyboards for querying databases and representing interfaces.
Examples are given for each tool to illustrate their use in system and data modelling.
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This document discusses different types of data models, including object based models like entity relationship and object oriented models, physical models that describe how data is stored, and record based logical models. It specifically mentions hierarchical, network, and relational models as examples of record based logical data models. The purpose of data models is to represent and make data understandable by specifying rules for database construction, allowed data operations, and integrity.
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The document discusses database management systems (DBMS) and their advantages over traditional file-based data storage. It notes that a DBMS allows for controlled data access and defines, creates, and maintains databases. It then outlines some problems with traditional file systems like data redundancy, isolation, and lack of atomicity and integrity. The document concludes that a DBMS provides benefits like reducing redundancy, enforcing integrity constraints, improving security, flexibility, and data sharing compared to file systems.
Database planning
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1. A mission statement that clarifies the purpose and provides a clear path for creating the required database system.
2. Mission objectives that identify specific tasks the database must support.
3. The scope and boundaries of the database system including major user views and how it interfaces with other systems.
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A Database Management System (DBMS) is software that allows for the storage, retrieval, and management of data in a database. A DBMS provides data independence, efficient data access, data integrity, security, and concurrency control. It uses data models like the relational model to define the conceptual, logical, and physical schemas for databases.
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- Other traditional models like hierarchical and network models are not commonly used now due to their complexity.
- The advantages of data models include increased effectiveness, reduced costs, simplicity, minimum redundancy, data integrity, independence, faster performance, reduced errors and risks.
- The types of data models discussed are hierarchical, network, relational, E-R and object oriented models. The characteristics and advantages/disadvantages of each model are described
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This is my Database systems book having all basic to advance know.
It included all topics by chapter wise.
It will help you lots to learn database sytems and management.
Database systems Handbook dbms.pdf
MUHAMMAD SHARIF DATABASE SYSTEMS BOOK RDBMS, DBMS DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS BOOK BY APEX MISSION GROUP
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4rth Complete book Database systems Handbook dbms rdbms by Muhammad Sharif.pdf
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Understanding the components of standard template library
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System of book keeping
This document discusses the different systems of bookkeeping - single entry and double entry systems. It defines single entry system as an incomplete double entry system that only records cash and personal accounts, making it unreliable and only suitable for small firms. Double entry system recognizes that every transaction has two effects and maintains all personal, real and nominal accounts, allowing calculation of profit/loss and ascertainment of the financial position. The key difference is that single entry is simpler but incomplete while double entry provides complete data and a check against errors.
Standard deviation
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Data,information and database
- 1. Subject: Database Management System Subject Teacher: Mr. Munna Pandey Made by: Rahul Sharma Data, Information & Database
- 2. What is Data? Data refers to the lowest abstract or a raw input which when processed or arranged makes meaningful output. It is the group or chunks which represent quantitative and qualitative attributes pertaining to variables. Examples :of data can be facts, analysis, or statistics. In computer terms, symbols, characters, images, or numbers are data. These are the inputs for the system to give a meaningful interpretation. In other words, data in a meaningful form is information.
- 3. Information The raw input is data and it has no significance when it exists in that form. When data is collated or organized into something meaningful, it gains significance. This meaningful organization is information. Information is usually the processed outcome of data. More specifically speaking, it is derived from data. Information can be explained as any kind of understanding or knowledge that can be exchanged with people. It can be about facts, things, concepts, or anything relevant to the topic concerned.
- 4. What is database? A collection of data organized to meet user’s needs. A group of programs that manipulate the database and provide an interface between the database and the user of the database or other application programs is known as Database Management System. A collection of programs that enables you to store, modify, and extract information from a database. There are many different types of DBMSs, ranging from small systems that run on personal computers to huge systems that run on mainframes. The following are examples of database applications: computerized library systems automated teller machines flight reservation systems computerized parts inventory systems
- 5. Continued….. Requests for information from a database are made in the form of a query, which is a stylized question. For example, the query SELECT ALL WHERE NAME = "SMITH" AND AGE > 35 requests all records in which the NAME field is SMITH and the AGE field is greater than 35.
- 6. Thank ew…..