This document summarizes different types of standard Ethernet implementations including 10Base5 thick Ethernet using coaxial cable up to 500m, 10Base2 thin Ethernet using thinner coaxial cable up to 185m, 10Base-T twisted pair Ethernet using twisted pair cable up to 100m connected in a star topology to a hub, and 10Base-F fiber Ethernet also using a star topology to connect stations to a hub with fiber optic cables. All standard implementations use digital signaling at 10 Mbps and encode data using the Manchester scheme.
The attached narrated power point presentation will help one get familiarized with the basic concepts of Wavelength Division Multiplexing as well as get introduced to WDM Networks. The material will be useful for KTU final year B Tech students who prepare for the subject EC 405, Optical Communications.
Development of 40 gbase isr4 qsfp+ transceiverMonica Geller
40GBASE-iSR4 QSFP+ transceiver provides an effective solution for users who seek to increase the capacity of their switching networks. With the reduced maximum specified output power, the QSFP+ iSR4 is able to support standard 40G Ethernet links up to 100 meters over OM3 and 10GBASE-SR links over the same distances. The QSFP+ form factor increases the effective 10G Ethernet port count density by a factor of 3 over the standard SFP+, while allowing for a decrease in overall power dissipation.
The attached narrated power point presentation will help one get familiarized with the basic concepts of Wavelength Division Multiplexing as well as get introduced to WDM Networks. The material will be useful for KTU final year B Tech students who prepare for the subject EC 405, Optical Communications.
Development of 40 gbase isr4 qsfp+ transceiverMonica Geller
40GBASE-iSR4 QSFP+ transceiver provides an effective solution for users who seek to increase the capacity of their switching networks. With the reduced maximum specified output power, the QSFP+ iSR4 is able to support standard 40G Ethernet links up to 100 meters over OM3 and 10GBASE-SR links over the same distances. The QSFP+ form factor increases the effective 10G Ethernet port count density by a factor of 3 over the standard SFP+, while allowing for a decrease in overall power dissipation.
40 gbps parallel and bidirectional transceiverAngelina Li
With speed in data center changing from 10- to 40-Gbps and eventually to 100-Gbps, mobile and virtualized workloads, cloud applications, big data and heterogeneous devices are all demanding previously unimagined capacity and performance from servers and data center fabric. High-capacity optical technology and cabling infrastructure are required to support those servers and applications for 40-Gbps upgrading. Today’s article will mainly introduce pluggable optical Enhanced Quad Small Form-Factor Pluggable (QSFP+) modules, especially Bidirectional and parallel QSFP+ transceivers.
Born in the 1970s, Ethernet technology has continually evolved in order to meet the never-ending requirement for faster rates of data transmission. Through this ongoing evolution, it has matured into the foremost technology standard for local area networks (LANs) as newer, higher performing iterations, such as 1 Gigabit Ethernet and 10 Gigabit Ethernet. There is a variety of types of cables available for making Ethernet connections at speeds of 1 Gigabit and 10 Gigabit per second. This paper provides a brief introduction to these two types of high speed Ethernet cabling solution, 1 Gigabit Ethernet cabling and 10 Gigabit Ethernet cabling.
SOLECTEK KM 10Gbps PTP link microwave long range by info tech middle eastAli Shoaee
SOLECTEK KM Series
10Gbps Microwave Link Long Range
240MHz XPIC
• Two Dual-Transceiver radios on one side (side by side, single mount)
• Special branching circuit to combine all signals.
• One single-pol antenna – direct mount up to 6FT antennas
• Data and header compression – allows up to 20% increase in capacity
• Link Capacity will reach almost 10Gbps.
Fast ethernet and fast ethernet service providersjohndorian555
Fast Ethernet is one of the most widely imposed LAN standards all over the world where it is commonly used for networking several computers with the use of the Internet. It is a type of data transfer that uses a bus or star topology over a copper-twisted pair or fiber-optic cables with a speed of 100 megabits per second faster than the original speed of 10 megabit per second. Fast Ethernet Service these days are becoming for popular because most businesses want a high-speed internet connection in order to keep track with their business.
Patent for a packet-switched smart grid - patent application 9Nicholas Robinson
My patent application for a packet-switched smart grid PSSG using TCP/IP over Ethernet as submitted to the GE's "Ecomagination" Competition in 2010.
This was iteration 9 as progressive refinements were made by me upon repeated re-reading and re-drafting.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
The Ethernet physical layer is the physical layer component of the Ethernet standard.
The Ethernet physical layer evolved over a considerable time span and encompasses quite a few physical media interfaces and several magnitudes of speed. The speed ranges from 1 Mbit/s to 100 Gbit/s in speed while the physical medium can range from bulky coaxial cable to twisted pair to optical fiber. In general, network protocol stack software will work similarly on all of the following types.
10 Gigabit Ethernet is becoming more popular in both enterprise and carrier networks, with 40 Gbit/s and 100 Gbit/s Ethernet now ratified. Higher speeds are under development. Metcalfe now believes commercial applications using terabit Ethernet may occur by 2015 though he says existing Ethernet standards may have to be overthrown to reach terabit Ethernet.ThesisScientist.com
This was made along with a simple research paper in my Network + course. I don't have any negative intention in uploading of this. I only hope it could help in any ways
40 gbps parallel and bidirectional transceiverAngelina Li
With speed in data center changing from 10- to 40-Gbps and eventually to 100-Gbps, mobile and virtualized workloads, cloud applications, big data and heterogeneous devices are all demanding previously unimagined capacity and performance from servers and data center fabric. High-capacity optical technology and cabling infrastructure are required to support those servers and applications for 40-Gbps upgrading. Today’s article will mainly introduce pluggable optical Enhanced Quad Small Form-Factor Pluggable (QSFP+) modules, especially Bidirectional and parallel QSFP+ transceivers.
Born in the 1970s, Ethernet technology has continually evolved in order to meet the never-ending requirement for faster rates of data transmission. Through this ongoing evolution, it has matured into the foremost technology standard for local area networks (LANs) as newer, higher performing iterations, such as 1 Gigabit Ethernet and 10 Gigabit Ethernet. There is a variety of types of cables available for making Ethernet connections at speeds of 1 Gigabit and 10 Gigabit per second. This paper provides a brief introduction to these two types of high speed Ethernet cabling solution, 1 Gigabit Ethernet cabling and 10 Gigabit Ethernet cabling.
SOLECTEK KM 10Gbps PTP link microwave long range by info tech middle eastAli Shoaee
SOLECTEK KM Series
10Gbps Microwave Link Long Range
240MHz XPIC
• Two Dual-Transceiver radios on one side (side by side, single mount)
• Special branching circuit to combine all signals.
• One single-pol antenna – direct mount up to 6FT antennas
• Data and header compression – allows up to 20% increase in capacity
• Link Capacity will reach almost 10Gbps.
Fast ethernet and fast ethernet service providersjohndorian555
Fast Ethernet is one of the most widely imposed LAN standards all over the world where it is commonly used for networking several computers with the use of the Internet. It is a type of data transfer that uses a bus or star topology over a copper-twisted pair or fiber-optic cables with a speed of 100 megabits per second faster than the original speed of 10 megabit per second. Fast Ethernet Service these days are becoming for popular because most businesses want a high-speed internet connection in order to keep track with their business.
Patent for a packet-switched smart grid - patent application 9Nicholas Robinson
My patent application for a packet-switched smart grid PSSG using TCP/IP over Ethernet as submitted to the GE's "Ecomagination" Competition in 2010.
This was iteration 9 as progressive refinements were made by me upon repeated re-reading and re-drafting.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
The Ethernet physical layer is the physical layer component of the Ethernet standard.
The Ethernet physical layer evolved over a considerable time span and encompasses quite a few physical media interfaces and several magnitudes of speed. The speed ranges from 1 Mbit/s to 100 Gbit/s in speed while the physical medium can range from bulky coaxial cable to twisted pair to optical fiber. In general, network protocol stack software will work similarly on all of the following types.
10 Gigabit Ethernet is becoming more popular in both enterprise and carrier networks, with 40 Gbit/s and 100 Gbit/s Ethernet now ratified. Higher speeds are under development. Metcalfe now believes commercial applications using terabit Ethernet may occur by 2015 though he says existing Ethernet standards may have to be overthrown to reach terabit Ethernet.ThesisScientist.com
This was made along with a simple research paper in my Network + course. I don't have any negative intention in uploading of this. I only hope it could help in any ways
In 1985, the Computer Society of the IEEE started a project, called Project 802, to set standards and to enable inter communication among equipment from a variety of manufacturers.
Project 802 is a way of specifying functions of the physical layer and the data link layer of major LAN protocols.
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Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
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Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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3. PHYSICAL LAYER
ENCODING AND DECODING
At the sender, data are covered to a digital signal using the
Manchester scheme ,at the receiver, the received signal is
interpreted as Manchester and decode into data.
All standard implementation use digital signaling at 10 Mbps.
6. 10BASE5:THICK ETHERNET
The first implementation is called 10Base5, thick Ethernet, or
Thicknet.
It was the first Ethernet specification to use bus topology with
an external transceiver connected via a tap to a thick coaxial
cable.
The transceiver is responsible for transmitting , receiving ,and
detecting collision.
7. Cont….
The transceiver is connected to the station via a transceiver
cable that provides separate paths for sending and receiving,
that collision only happen in coaxial cable.
The maximum length of coaxial cable 500m,can be connected
using repeaters.
9. 10BASE2:THIN ETHERNET
The second implementation is called 10Base2, or Cheapernet.
It also uses a bus topology, but the cable is much thinner and
more flexible.
The cable can be bend to pass very close to the stations ,the
transceiver is normally part of the Network Interface
Card(NIC),which is installed inside the station.
The length of each segment cannot exceed 185m and less
expensive.
11. 10BASE-T:TWISTED-PAIR ETHERNET
The third implementation is called 10base-t or twisted-pair
ethernet.10base-T uses a physical star topology. The stations
are connected to a hub via 2 pairs of twisted cable.
The two pairs of twisted cable create two paths between the
station and the hub. Any collision here happens in the hub.
The maximum length of the twisted cable is as 100m, to
minimize the effect of attenuation in the twisted cable.
13. 10BASE-F:FIBER ETHERNET
There are several types of optical fiber 12-Mbps Ethernet ,the
most common is called 10Base-F.
It uses a star topology to connect stations to a hub , the
stations are connected to the hub using two fiber-optic cables.
15. QUESTIONS:
Standard implementations use digital signaling at ----
10Base5 was the first Ethernet specification to use a ---
The second implementation is called-------
10Base-T uses a ----------
10Base-F uses a----------
