The document proposes a model to upgrade slums in urban areas of India in a regulated manner. It suggests creating a government organization with different roles like development controller, construction manager, and finance controller to oversee projects. Civil engineers and workers from local slums would implement the projects. The $300 house model promotes affordable, sustainable, and replicable housing. The organization would target slum regions one by one to systematically reduce slums across cities. Challenges like social, environmental, and time factors would be addressed to ensure smooth implementation. The model is estimated to reduce slum population by 6% annually if applied for 5 years through coordinated efforts.

1. Innovative Model to Enhance present Urban Conditions
Team Details :
Dibyanshu Tibrewal (Dehradun Institute of Technology)
Apar Singhal (Dehradun Institute of Technology)
Jyoti Pundir(Dehradun Institute of Technology)
Sonali Bhowmick(G.L.N.A Institute of Technology , Mathura)
Vibha Ghavri(The Hindu College ,Delhi)
Team Motto :
To Pro e oursel es Worthy e ough to get the opportu ity of o tri uti g to
the De elop e t of our atio . JAI HIND !!

2. 18.9
18.7
54.1
32.5
% of Slum Population
Chennai
Delhi
Greater
Mumbai
Kolkata
Fact
Past :-
The Census of India, 2001 estimates that 27.81 percent of
total population lives in urban areas of the country. A
Technical Group was constituted by the Ministry of
Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation in 2006 to assess
the urban housing shortage. The Group estimated that at
the end of the 10th Five Year Plan (2007-08), the total
housing shortage in the country was 24.71 million.
Present :-
The Technical Group constituted by the Ministry in 2006
to assess the urban housing shortage has estimated that
the total housing requirement during the 11th Plan
period (2007-2012) would be 26.53 million dwelling units
including the housing shortage of 24.71 million dwelling
units at the beginning of 11th Plan. No estimates as to
housing requirements in the next ten years are available
with the Ministry.

3. NUMBER OF MIGRANTS BY PLACE OF BIRTH
Category
Migrations by
Place of birth
Percentage
A.
Total
Population
1,028,610,328
B.
Total
Migrations
307,149,736 29.9
B.1
Migrants
within the
state of
enumeration
258,641,103 84.2
B.11
Migrants from
within the
districts
181,799,637 70.3
B.12
Migrants from
other districts
of the state
76,841,466 29.7
B.2
Migrants from
other states in
India
42,341,703 13.8
B.3
Migrants from
other
countries
6,166,930 2.0
Source : Table D1 India, Census of India 2001.
What is giving Rise to Slums in Urban Areas?
As observed from the table it is deduced that the major
cause for this problem is that the migration of rural people
to urban areas is very high in hope of a better lifestyle. As
more and more people are migrating neither there is an
expansion in urban area nor the rural area is developing .
The main reason for this migration is that the rural area
provides agriculture based seasonal employment and lack
of other employment opportunities . This condemns the
people to a state of perpetual poverty.
Thus, cities are getting overburdened and municipalities are
not being able to provide accommodation forcing migrants
to live in make-shift homes or slums . Increase in slums is
dete io ati g the ig a t’s li i g o ditio s a d also
deteriorating the development by making people trapped in
poverty loop .
Lesser the slums better will be the progress of
people in terms of lifestyle and also contribute
to a ds ou atio ’s goal to e o e a de eloped
nation .
Causes in spotlight :
• Lack of employment opportunities.
• High rate of rural to urban migration.
• Lack of area to accommodate the migrants.

4. The $300 House
Low-cost, the $300 figure being largely arbitrary but a useful means
of anchoring expectations.
Self-built or self-improvable, because that both lowers the cost and
works to reduce the potential for corruption capturing donor aid.
Low-tech, because we want the slum dwellers themselves to build or
improve or expand their house, as this will generate income for them
and reduce the risk of value capture by landlords and rent-seekers.
Local materials, preferably those that can be found or bought very
cheaply (e.g. cement, masonry, bamboo).
Greener than what would otherwise be built, because the home
ecology (water, sanitation, even air quality from pollutants like
paraffin or kerosene stoves) incubates the future's adults (that is,
children).
Replicable, since the slums are proliferating faster than any
government's or formal sector's capacity to cope.
Each $300 House can be a change point where high-tech meets low-
tech, low-cost-building efforts in harmony with the financial and
political ecosystem changes.
We cannot have a healthy global economy without healthy cities, and we cannot have healthy cities without tackling
slums. The idea is to upgrade the slum areas into housing suited well enough to accommodate the population
healthily .
Below is a glimpse of the model of the 300$ house as given by HBR . The reason to choose this model is because the
people living in slums would not have to displace and instead convert their own make-shift homes into a home suited
to Urban Life . Apart from this the model also provides a greater economic feasibility to the Government .

5. To regulate the activity of providing housing to Slum infested population there will be a need of an
organization directly in control of the government .
Creating an organisation directly under the Government will ensure the development of Slums into
ia le Ho es . The o ga izatio ill ot o ly adhe e to Go e e t’s a ti ities ut ould also e su e
Uniform Development.
Organisation
Head
Development
Controller
Civil Engineers
Construction
Manager
Finance
Controller
Regional Finance
Reporter
Structure of the Orga izatio odel hich ill regulate the go er e t’s o e to reduce
slum .

6. Like this different cities having slums will be Targeted and the Slum Region will
be developed simultaneously.
Once the Project is completed in a particular Region , new Slum Region would
be selected.
To reduce the obstruction of Money Flow the Regional Finance Reporter will
keep Tab on the project.
The Civil Engineers comprising Graduates or 4th year Students will monitor the
viability of construction .
The construction manager initiates the projects and hires workers from Slum
areas only.
The Development controller lays down project requirements to construction
manager.
The Financial Controller regulates the flow of finance in project and co-
ordinates accordingly.
The Organisation head gives instructions to the Development Controller and
Finance Controller .
The Government gives instructions to the Organisation Head.
The Region in the City having Slum area is selected.

7. Civil
Engineers
Comprising of the graduates or 4th year freshers.
Will be selected on the basis of Examination .
They ill keep a tra k of o stru tio a ager’s a ti ities .
Main aim would be to ensure that the materials used in
construction is according to the instructions laid by the
Government.
Construction
Manager
Will regulate the construction to be carried out.
Will Hire workers from the Slum area itself .
He will ensure that the work is completed properly before the
Deadline mentioned by the Indian Government.
Financial
Reporter
He will keep an account of the finance flow.
He will ensure that every penny that the Government gives for
the Project is utilised on the project only .
Will keep giving weekly reports on finance used/needed for
the project to the Finance Controller.

8. Money
Human
Resource
Technology Energy
Money : It will be funded by the
government on the basis of Region to be
covered.
Human Resource : Availability of labourers
from Slum areas will provide employment
opportunities for them and Cheap labour for
the Government.
Technology : In order to implement the
$300 house project quality technology is to
be implemented keeping in mind the
feasibility also .
Energy: The Energy requirements can be
fulfilled by ensuring the supply of electricity
to all the houses created in the project.

9. Strength : It will ensure
that the no Slum Region is
left out.
Weakness : It is
dependent on
Government for its
Funding completely.
Opportunities : It will
create employment
opportunities and
improve Life-Style.
Threat : Government may
stop funding at the Time
of Recession.
S.W.O.T
On coming across the proposed model one might ponder about the Merits
and the Demerits of the proposed model . For ease of that the S.W.O.T
analysis of the model has been given below .

10. Social Challenge :
Slums are not homogeneous, and there many diverse vested interests that exist in slums. In addition to the
poor who are simply looking for a decent place to live, there can be criminal elements who take advantage of
the informal space, or landlords who make small fortunes renting out shacks to people over time.
All of these interests must be properly understood and brought into the planning process. The best way to do
this is through negotiated development, in which people participate in negotiating their rights and understand
that all the different interests have rights that need to be brought into the equation.
In some cases, for example, slum upgrading projects have failed because there are people in the community
ho elie e they o ’t ualify fo a upg adi g p og a e e ause they a e ot itize s o eside ts of the
country.
Environmental Challenge :
In upgrading the Slum areas there will be use of Machinery which might disrupt the Environment balance so
in order to ensure that the Environment remains unaffected by the development there should be eco-friendly
construction ensuring that the wastes from the construction are not littered but disposed properly and the
recyclable ones are recycled properly .
Time Challenge :
The natural factors as well as health of the workers might not always be up to the mark thus disrupting the
Time in which the Project is to be completed . To ensure this is done properly the workers should be provided
with best possible Hygiene and also regular tab on Weather Forecasts can be kept in order to plan the work to
be done correctly in Time .

11. If The Model is implemented then within a year it will be able to bring down the
slum population by 6 percent which means that if included in 5 year plan it will
have a drastic impact in upgrading the Slums .
Note :- The 6 percent decrease is calculated considering all the challenges
that will be encountered and can Hike by leaps and bounds if the challenges
are overcome hastily.
18.9
18.7
54.1
32.5
% of Slum Population
(Before Impact)
Chennai
Delhi
Greater
Mumbai
Kolkata
12.9
12.7
48.1
26.2
% of Slum Population
(After Impact)
Chennai
Delhi
Greater
Mumbai
Kolkata
THE MODEL WOULD BE EFFECTIVE ENOUGH TO BE ABLE TO
ENHANCE THE ACTIVITY OF SLUM UP GRADATION

12. http://indiamicrofinance.com/housing-shortage-urban-india.html
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_causes_of_slums_in_India_in_general
http://www.geocases2.co.uk/sp_figure10.htm
 http://censusindia.gov.in/Census_And_You/migrations.aspx
http://blogs.hbr.org/cs/2010/10/the_300_house_the_financial_challenge.html
http://worldpopulationreview.com/population-of-india/
References