Slums are densely populated areas characterized by inadequate housing, a lack of basic amenities, and poor sanitary conditions, leading to significant health risks and social issues. The document discusses the causes of slums, including urban migration and poverty, and highlights the severe challenges faced by residents, particularly children, such as limited education and high unemployment. It also outlines the role of government and NGOs in providing assistance and suggests potential solutions to mitigate slum conditions.

2. WHAT ARE SLUMS?
 “Habitations located on disputed as well as unused
government, municipal and private land and
characterized by a serious lack of basic amenities
and sanitation with dense and overcrowded
housing conditions.

4. WHAT ARE SLUMS?
In other words...
A Slum is taken to mean ‘hutting areas with squalid
surroundings where:
 Huts are erected in a haphazard manner without
proper access.
 Minimum basic amenities are lacking
 Protected water supply and drainage arrangements
do not exist.

10. REASONS OF SLUMS:
Slums
Change in agricultural scenario
No prospects in rural areas
Bigger opportunities in cities
Preference on labor market than agriculture

14. RESULTS OF SLUMS
Slums = Poverty
Poor Living conditions
No Education
Very poor hygiene conditions
Poor health care

15. PROBLEMS FACED BY PEOPLE
1. AMENITIES,WATER,SANITARY
 Lack of basic amenities like unclean drinking
water, proper housing, drainage and excreta
disposable services.
 Poor sanitary conditions and poor quality water lead
to illness like diarrhoea and other water borne
diseases affecting life of slum people.

16. PROBLEMS FACED BY PEOPLE
2. EMPLOYMENT
 High unemployment
 Small scale business
 Domestic violence

17. PROBLEMS FACED BY PEOPLE
3. CHILDREN IN SLUMS
 Many children in slums start working at a very early
age with no prospect of getting education due to
poverty.
 Child malnutrition is more common in slums than in
non-slum areas.

18. HELP PROVIDED BY GOVERNMENT
AND NGO
 No help is provided by NGO’s
 Government provides help very often in the
following ways:
 Health camps(eye check up,dental check up, etc.)
 Special camps for senior citizen and childrens.
 Camp organized for cancer

23. CHARACTERISTICS OF SLUMS
 Slums are characteristics that vary from place to
place
 Slums are usually characterized by urban
decay, high rates of poverty, and unemployment
 They are commonly seen as "breeding grounds" for
social problems such as crime, drug
addiction, alcoholism, high rates of mental
illness, and suicide
 In many slums, especially in poor countries, many
live in very narrow alleys that do not allow vehicles
to pass

24. HEALTH RISKS TO SLUM PEOPLE
 Contaminated water (cholera , typhoid, etc)
 Inadequate disposal of human wastes
 Wastewater and garbage
 Insects, pests (e.g. rats) and parasites in homes
 Insufficient living spaces, poor ventilation and overcrowding
 Children at risk from traffic, unsafe or contaminated sites
 Indoor air pollution
 House sites vulnerable to landslides or floods
 Nutritional deficiencies
 No or inadequate health care and advice
 No emergency services
 High rates of mental illness and suicide
 AIDS

25. MAIN REASON FOR HOUSING PROBLEM
 Increasing population
 Increasing pollution
 High demand of houses
 Increasing land cost
 Public health issues
 Sanitation problems
 Unplanned houses, etc…

26. GENDER INEQUALITY
 Gender inequality refers to unequal treatment or
perceptions of individuals based on their gender. It
arises from differences in socially constructed
gender roles as well as biologically through
chromosomes, brain structure, and hormonal
differences. Male children are seen as a blessing
and indulged in many areas of Indian society. Girls
are seen as a drain on precious resources as they
will one day get married and their contribution
towards the family will end. With that kind of start in
life, it's difficult for women within the slums to find a
voice.

27. WAY TO MINIMIZE THE SLUM PROBLEM:
 To minimize poverty
 Increase per-capital income
 Consciousness about natural disaster
 Planning of rehabilitation
 Finance plus approach
 To make several slum units
 To meet their fundamental rights
 Governmental efforts
 To create more employment opportunities

28. ROLE OF SOCIAL WORKERS TO SOLVE
THE SLUM PROBLEMS:
 Community development
 Slum study
 Resource mobilization of slum dwellers
 Coordination among the different social service
agencies
 To make them awareness regarding social
problems