Dark Matter And Energy
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The document discusses dark matter and dark energy in the universe. It states that the universe is estimated to consist of 70% dark energy, 25% dark matter, and less than 5% normal matter. Dark energy is blamed for the accelerating expansion of the universe, but its exact nature is unknown. Several hypotheses for dark energy are presented, including that it is a property of space or results from quantum fluctuations. More data is needed to discriminate between theories of dark energy. Dark matter is also not well understood, but is thought to not consist of normal matter like stars, planets, or black holes. Leading candidates for dark matter are axions or WIMPs. Recent telescope observations provide further evidence that dark matter interacts differently than
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Dark matter
Dark matter is an invisible form of matter that accounts for about 85% of the matter in the universe. It was first proposed in 1933 to explain unexpected motions of galaxies, and its existence and properties have since been further confirmed by various observations, though its exact nature remains unknown. Dark matter is distinct from dark energy, which is driving the accelerating expansion of the universe. Leading candidates for dark matter include WIMPs (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles) such as neutralinos and axions.
Dark Energy And Dark Matter
Observations from the Hubble Space Telescope in 1998 showed that the universe was expanding more slowly in the past than it is today, contrary to expectations. This led scientists to propose either modifications to Einstein's theory of gravity, such as the introduction of dark energy, or the existence of an unknown type of matter, dubbed dark matter, that cannot be detected directly. Dark matter is inferred to make up about 27% of the universe based on its gravitational effects, but its exact nature remains unknown.
Dark matter
Dark matter is invisible matter that makes up about 21% of the universe. It cannot be seen directly but its existence and properties are known through its gravitational effects on visible matter. There are two main types of dark matter: ordinary matter made up of normal particles and extraordinary dark matter like black holes. Dark matter was first proposed in 1933 by Fritz Zwicky to explain discrepancies in galaxy motions but its exact nature remains mysterious. Current experiments aim to detect dark matter particles but have had conflicting results so far.
Dark matter
Dark matter is a hypothetical type of matter that accounts for approximately 85% of the matter in the universe but does not emit, absorb, or interact with electromagnetic radiation. It is believed to play a key role in the formation of galaxies and their structure. While its existence and properties are well-established through its gravitational effects, its exact nature remains unknown. Several experiments are attempting to directly detect dark matter particles through methods like observing signals produced when dark matter particles interact or are destroyed, but so far none have succeeded, and dark matter's composition remains one of the greatest unsolved mysteries in physics.
Dark matter ~ Introduction
How the concept was introduced by the astrophycists and examples that provide the base for the existence of dark matter. Basic introduction to types of dark matter according to standard cosmological theory.
Insights into Dark Matter
The document discusses evidence for dark matter from astrophysical observations. It is established that dark matter is massive, cold, collisionless, and does not interact electromagnetically. However, its fundamental nature and interactions are unknown. The evidence includes missing mass observations from galaxy rotation curves, cluster dynamics, gravitational lensing as well as cosmological measurements of the cosmic microwave background and matter power spectrum. Future experiments aim to directly detect dark matter particle signatures through anomalies in cosmic ray spectra or indirect signals from early structure formation.
Dark matter & dark energy
Dark matter and dark energy make up 95% of the universe. Dark matter is an undetected form of matter that exerts gravitational pull but does not emit or interact with light. Its existence is inferred from its gravitational effects, such as the rotation speeds of galaxies. Dark energy is driving the accelerating expansion of the universe according to Hubble's law, contradicting the expected eventual gravitational collapse. While their effects can be observed, the true nature of dark matter and dark energy remain mysterious, as they have not been directly detected, and may hold potential future applications in spacecraft propulsion if their properties can be better understood.
Dark Matter
The document discusses dark matter and provides evidence for its existence from various astronomical observations. It notes that while ordinary matter makes up only about 4% of the universe, dark matter accounts for about 23%. Various properties of dark matter are described, including that it interacts gravitationally but does not emit or absorb light. Possible candidates for dark matter are discussed, including WIMPs (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles), which are favored from both astronomical data and particle physics models. The document outlines how WIMPs could have been thermally produced in the early universe to account for the observed dark matter abundance.
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Dark matter
Dark matter is an invisible form of matter that accounts for about 85% of the matter in the universe. It was first proposed in 1933 to explain unexpected motions of galaxies, and its existence and properties have since been further confirmed by various observations, though its exact nature remains unknown. Dark matter is distinct from dark energy, which is driving the accelerating expansion of the universe. Leading candidates for dark matter include WIMPs (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles) such as neutralinos and axions.
Dark Energy And Dark Matter
Observations from the Hubble Space Telescope in 1998 showed that the universe was expanding more slowly in the past than it is today, contrary to expectations. This led scientists to propose either modifications to Einstein's theory of gravity, such as the introduction of dark energy, or the existence of an unknown type of matter, dubbed dark matter, that cannot be detected directly. Dark matter is inferred to make up about 27% of the universe based on its gravitational effects, but its exact nature remains unknown.
Dark matter
Dark matter is invisible matter that makes up about 21% of the universe. It cannot be seen directly but its existence and properties are known through its gravitational effects on visible matter. There are two main types of dark matter: ordinary matter made up of normal particles and extraordinary dark matter like black holes. Dark matter was first proposed in 1933 by Fritz Zwicky to explain discrepancies in galaxy motions but its exact nature remains mysterious. Current experiments aim to detect dark matter particles but have had conflicting results so far.
Dark matter
Dark matter is a hypothetical type of matter that accounts for approximately 85% of the matter in the universe but does not emit, absorb, or interact with electromagnetic radiation. It is believed to play a key role in the formation of galaxies and their structure. While its existence and properties are well-established through its gravitational effects, its exact nature remains unknown. Several experiments are attempting to directly detect dark matter particles through methods like observing signals produced when dark matter particles interact or are destroyed, but so far none have succeeded, and dark matter's composition remains one of the greatest unsolved mysteries in physics.
Dark matter ~ Introduction
How the concept was introduced by the astrophycists and examples that provide the base for the existence of dark matter. Basic introduction to types of dark matter according to standard cosmological theory.
Insights into Dark Matter
The document discusses evidence for dark matter from astrophysical observations. It is established that dark matter is massive, cold, collisionless, and does not interact electromagnetically. However, its fundamental nature and interactions are unknown. The evidence includes missing mass observations from galaxy rotation curves, cluster dynamics, gravitational lensing as well as cosmological measurements of the cosmic microwave background and matter power spectrum. Future experiments aim to directly detect dark matter particle signatures through anomalies in cosmic ray spectra or indirect signals from early structure formation.
Dark matter & dark energy
Dark matter and dark energy make up 95% of the universe. Dark matter is an undetected form of matter that exerts gravitational pull but does not emit or interact with light. Its existence is inferred from its gravitational effects, such as the rotation speeds of galaxies. Dark energy is driving the accelerating expansion of the universe according to Hubble's law, contradicting the expected eventual gravitational collapse. While their effects can be observed, the true nature of dark matter and dark energy remain mysterious, as they have not been directly detected, and may hold potential future applications in spacecraft propulsion if their properties can be better understood.
Dark Matter
The document discusses dark matter and provides evidence for its existence from various astronomical observations. It notes that while ordinary matter makes up only about 4% of the universe, dark matter accounts for about 23%. Various properties of dark matter are described, including that it interacts gravitationally but does not emit or absorb light. Possible candidates for dark matter are discussed, including WIMPs (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles), which are favored from both astronomical data and particle physics models. The document outlines how WIMPs could have been thermally produced in the early universe to account for the observed dark matter abundance.
Dark matter and dark energy
Dark matter makes up 73% of the universe and is composed of unknown particles that do not emit or absorb light but have gravitational effects. Dark energy is 23% and is a repulsive force that is driving the expansion of the universe. Both dark matter and dark energy were hypothesized to explain inconsistencies in cosmological theories and observations of the structure and acceleration of the expanding universe.
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Dark matter is matter that does not emit or absorb light or radiation and can only be detected through its gravitational effects. It makes up 23% of the universe's energy. Its exact particle nature remains unknown. Dark matter was first hypothesized to account for discrepancies between the mass of large astronomical objects determined by their gravitational influence versus the mass calculated from the visible matter they contain. Understanding dark matter is important because it and dark energy make up over 90% of the universe's total energy.
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Hey I'm DIVYA SHREE NANDINI. I'm here with my new presentation on Black Hole. I'm sure you'll find it interesting. well first thing what is black hole- "Black hole, cosmic body of extremely intense gravity from which nothing, not even light, can escape. A black hole can be formed by the death of a massive star. When such a star has exhausted the internal thermonuclear fuels in its core at the end of its life, the core becomes unstable and gravitationally collapses inward upon itself, and the star’s outer layers are blown away. The crushing weight of constituent matter falling in from all sides compresses the dying star to a point of zero volume and infinite density called the singularity." wanna know more about it then come with me. :)
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The document introduces black holes by discussing their origins from proposals in the 18th century and definitions put forth by Einstein. It describes black holes as regions of space where gravity is so strong that not even light can escape, and that are created when large stars collapse at the end of their life cycles. The document outlines three main types of black holes and describes the key parts of black holes, including their event horizons, singularities, accretion disks, and ergospheres. Hawking radiation, in which black holes are predicted to emit and evaporate over time via quantum effects, is also summarized.
BLACK HOLE-THE OTHER DIMENSION
"Black holes are where God divided by zero" - Albert Einstein
Black hole – A region in the space where the gravitational pull is so strong that neither substance nor light can leave this area.
Dark Matter And Energy Final
Dark matter is believed to make up most of the mass in the universe based on discrepancies found when calculating galaxy masses. In the 1970s, scientists coined the term dark matter to describe this unknown matter. Dark matter could exist as either massive compact objects like black holes or weakly interacting massive particles. Its existence is important because a large amount of matter in the universe cannot be accounted for through other means. In addition, dark matter could influence theories about the universe's creation. Dark energy is a mysterious force that is accelerating the expansion of the universe. It is estimated to make up about 70% of the universe.
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Dark matter is invisible matter that accounts for approximately 27% of the mass-energy in the universe. Although it cannot be directly observed, astronomers deduce its existence through its gravitational effects, such as the anomalous rotation curves of galaxies. Dark matter is classified as cold, warm, or hot depending on the size of protogalaxies, and may consist of either baryonic matter like protons and neutrons or nonbaryonic particles like axions. It plays a prominent role in science fiction works but descriptions are often inconsistent with scientific understanding.
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The document introduces black holes by discussing their origins from proposals in the 18th century and definitions put forth by Einstein. It describes black holes as regions of space where gravity is so strong that not even light can escape, and that are created when large stars collapse at the end of their life cycles. The document outlines three main types of black holes and describes the key parts of black holes, including their event horizons, singularities, accretion disks, and ergospheres. Hawking radiation, in which black holes are predicted to emit and evaporate over time via quantum effects, is also summarized.
BLACK HOLE-THE OTHER DIMENSION
"Black holes are where God divided by zero" - Albert Einstein
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An Introduction about The Black Hole and its types
An Introduction about The Black Hole and its types
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Dark matter is believed to make up most of the mass in the universe based on discrepancies found when calculating galaxy masses. In the 1970s, scientists coined the term dark matter to describe this unknown matter. Dark matter could exist as either massive compact objects like black holes or weakly interacting massive particles. Its existence is important because a large amount of matter in the universe cannot be accounted for through other means. In addition, dark matter could influence theories about the universe's creation. Dark energy is a mysterious force that is accelerating the expansion of the universe. It is estimated to make up about 70% of the universe.
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The document summarizes what is known about black holes, including:
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- Black holes are extremely dense regions with gravity so strong that not even light can escape, where the escape velocity exceeds the speed of light.
- Observational evidence like hot material falling into black holes and jets of glowing gas have shown that while invisible, black holes' effects can be observed and they are widespread throughout the universe.
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El documento propone una hipótesis sobre el origen de la materia y energía oscura. Sugiera que antes del Big Bang, se estaba creando antimateria en la "brana" que luego sería nuestro universo, debido a las predicciones de la teoría cuántica en el vacío. Luego, durante el Big Bang se creó más materia y antimateria, y la gran cantidad de antimateria existente colisionó y se unió debido a las altas temperaturas, liberando grandes cantidades de energía oscura y una pequeña cantidad de materia oscura.
Black Holes and its Effects
1. Black holes are regions of space where gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape. They form when massive stars collapse at the end of their life cycles.
2. There are two main types of black holes - static and rotating. The rotating type, known as Kerr black holes, form when collapsed stars have angular momentum.
3. As a star collapses, it passes through stages as a red giant, white dwarf, and neutron star until its mass exceeds around 3 solar masses, causing it to collapse entirely into a black hole with a singularity at its center.
THE UNIVERSE
The document provides an overview of the size and contents of the universe. It begins by explaining that the universe includes all physical matter and energy, from atoms to galaxies. It then notes that the tour will focus on the part of the universe outside Earth. The document goes on to summarize how human understanding of the universe's size has expanded over time, from only a few thousand light years across to immensely larger. It lists some of the key components that make up the universe, such as matter, energy, planets, stars, and more.
Black holes
1) Black holes are formed when massive stars over 10 times the mass of the Sun collapse in on themselves due to nuclear fusion and strong gravitational forces.
2) We can detect the presence of black holes through the X-rays emitted when matter around the black hole is heated and through gravitational lensing effects on light passing by.
3) If you fell into a black hole, the extreme tidal forces would spaghettify and kill you before you reached the central singularity, and from your perspective you would see the universe compressed into a brief flash of light before destruction.
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The document discusses key facts about our planet Earth. It begins by providing context about our solar system and universe. It then explains that Earth is the third planet from the sun and the only planet that supports life. The document goes on to describe how Earth formed from a hot cloud of gases and cooled over millions of years, developing a crust, mantle and core similar to an egg. Volcanoes are mentioned as openings where molten material from the core is forced out of the crust.
Theories Of The Universe
The document discusses several theories of the origin and evolution of the universe:
1) The Big Bang theory proposes that the universe began as a tiny, dense ball that exploded approximately 13.7 billion years ago, resulting in the formation of stars, planets, and all existing matter.
2) The creationist theory states that God created the universe in seven days, as described in the Bible. Some believe the universe is only around 6,000 years old based on this theory.
3) The holographic theory suggests that the entire universe is actually a hologram and everything within it, including living things, would also be holograms. This theory differs significantly from all others.
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The document summarizes theories about the origin and evolution of the universe. It describes the widely accepted Big Bang theory, which proposes that the universe began in a hot, dense state and has been expanding ever since. It also briefly outlines alternative theories such as inflationary universe, stationary universe, and oscillating universe. Finally, it provides an overview of the major events and epochs in the development of the universe according to the Big Bang theory, from the initial singularity to the formation of stars and galaxies.
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Dark matter is invisible matter that can only be detected through its gravitational effects. It makes up about 27% of the universe and helps hold galaxies together. Studying dark matter could bolster theories of gravity, revolutionize the Big Bang theory, and lead to new discoveries like dark energy. The presentation argues that pursuing dark matter research can advance human knowledge and progress society.
Kool Aid
Scientists believe the universe is comprised of over 95% dark matter and dark energy. Dark matter, which accounts for about 25% of the universe, is matter that cannot be seen as it does not reflect light. Little is known about dark matter. Dark energy, which accounts for over 70% of the universe, is a type of energy that affects the expansion of the universe opposite to matter and energy. Theories for both dark matter and dark energy have been proposed but more research is still needed to fully understand these phenomena.
Dark Eneary and Dark Mass
This document provides an overview of dark matter and dark energy from both observational evidence in the universe and theoretical work done at particle accelerators in laboratories. It summarizes that observational evidence shows the universe is made up of 70% dark energy, 25% dark matter, and only 5% ordinary matter. While much is known about the basic features and inventory of the universe, deep puzzles remain about reconciling gravity and quantum mechanics, the nature of dark matter and dark energy, and resolving why observations of dark energy are so much smaller than theoretical predictions. The document discusses how ideas like extra dimensions, supersymmetry, and multiple compactifications in string theory attempt to address these puzzles, but that challenges remain in fully explaining dark energy and connecting theory to
Dark Matter And Energy P P
Dark matter and dark energy are hypothesized forms of matter and energy that together account for approximately 95% of the universe. Dark matter is inferred from its gravitational effects and is thought to make up about 20% of the universe, while dark energy is causing the universe to expand and accounts for around 75%. Although not directly observable, both dark matter and dark energy are thought to play a major role in the structure and future of the universe.
Dark Matter And Energy P P
Dark matter and dark energy are hypothesized forms of matter and energy that together account for approximately 95% of the universe. Dark matter is inferred from its gravitational effects and is thought to make up about 20% of the universe, while dark energy is causing the universe to expand and accounts for around 75%. Although not directly observable, both dark matter and dark energy are thought to play a major role in the structure and future of the universe.
DM(final)
- 99% of the universe is believed to be dark matter. Scientists are convinced that only 1% of the 5% of baryonic matter present in the universe can be seen.
- Evidence has accumulated that there is more matter in galaxies than what meets the eye through telescopes. As much as 90% of the matter in the universe must be in some "dark" form.
- Observations of galaxy rotation curves showed that stars at the outer edges of galaxies move at the same speed as inner stars, even though there isn't enough visible matter to account for the gravitational force needed to keep them in orbit, suggesting additional unseen "dark matter" is present.
Investigating Dark Matter And Dark Energy
Dark matter and dark energy make up 95% of the universe, with dark matter comprising 25% and dark energy 70%. Dark matter cannot be seen directly and can only be detected through its gravitational effects. Although its composition is unknown, dark matter is thought to consist of dust, planets, black holes or dwarf stars. Dark energy is driving the accelerating expansion of the universe and its exact nature remains a mystery.
Dark matter
Dark matter is an invisible phenomenon that acts on visible matter through gravity. It accounts for 6 times more mass in the universe than normal matter. Fritz Zwicky discovered evidence of "invisible matter" in galaxies in 1933 while Vera Rubin provided further evidence in the 1970s, though they were initially disregarded. String theory may help explain dark matter through postulated supersymmetric particles. Dark energy is a hypothetical form that permeates space, causing accelerated expansion of the universe, and may account for most of its mass. It produces an opposite effect to gravity. String theory also provides several potential explanations for dark matter through concepts like supersymmetric particles, branes, and extra dimensions.
Black hole
A black hole is a region of space where gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape. They form when massive stars collapse at the end of their life cycles. There are several types of black holes including stellar black holes formed by collapsed stars and supermassive black holes millions to billions times the mass of our sun. As objects fall into a black hole's event horizon, they become "spaghettified" as the black hole's immense gravity stretches and pulls them apart.
Investigating Dark Matter & Dark Energy
Dark matter is not composed of normal matter like electrons, protons, and neutrons and does not emit, reflect, or absorb light. It accounts for approximately 25% of the mass of the universe and its existence is inferred from its gravitational effects. Dark energy, which accounts for around 70% of the universe, is causing the expansion of the universe to accelerate and may be explained by modifications to Einstein's theory of gravity or an unknown field.
Dark Stars - James Web Telescope unveiled another secret of this infinite uni...
Our universe is a vast and complex entity, and while our knowledge of it has advanced significantly, scientists are still working to unveil many mysteries. One such incredible secret of "Dark Matter Stars" has been revealed by the James Web Telescope (JWT).
The James Web Telescope has observed such an object in the universe that has never been witnessed before. This object is a dark star. Dark stars are entirely different from normal stars. Normal stars get energy from fusion reactions to illuminate whereas dark stars are made of dark matter. By analyzing this star, we can understand many things in the universe that we never know before.
The universe is divided into three parts i.e. visible matter (atoms), dark matter, and dark energy. Visible matter is only 4.6% of the universe, and dark matter is 24% while dark energy is composed of 71.4% of the universe. All the visible things like humans, mountains, the sun, the moon, etc. make up the visible universe that is made from visible matter. We don't know much about the dark matter that makes up 24% of the universe. We only know that it is made up of dark matter but how? We know very little about it. The third part is the dark energy that expands our universe gradually.
For a complete post, please visit: https://dearteacher4u.blogspot.com/2023/08/dark-stars-james-web-telescope-unveiled.html
What is a black hole
Black holes are regions of space where gravity is so strong that not even light can escape. They form when very massive stars collapse at the end of their life cycles. While black holes cannot be seen directly, astronomers can detect them by observing their effects on nearby objects like stars and gas, and through detection of x-rays emitted during accretion. Black holes come in different sizes, from stellar-mass black holes up to supermassive black holes that may exist at the centers of galaxies.
Investigating Dark Matter And Dark Energy
Dark matter and dark energy make up 95% of the universe, with dark matter comprising 25% and dark energy 70%. While it cannot be seen directly, astronomers know dark matter exists through its gravitational effects. Dark energy is driving the accelerating expansion of the universe. Scientists have more to learn about dark matter and dark energy through continued study.
Universe.ppt
The document discusses evidence that supports the Big Bang theory of the origin and expansion of the universe. It describes two key pieces of evidence: 1) the cosmic microwave background radiation, which is radiation that comes from all directions in space and is thought to be remnants of the early universe, and 2) red shift observations showing that distant galaxies are moving away, which is evidence the universe is expanding. It also explains that an open or closed universe is possible depending on whether the mass of the universe is enough to overcome the expansion driven by dark energy.
DARK MATTER
Material whose presence can be inferred from its effects on the motions of stars and galaxies, but which cannot be seen directly because it emits little or no radiation.
String theory of particle physics
String theory proposes that fundamental particles are not point-like but are tiny vibrating strings. It aims to unify quantum mechanics and general relativity by incorporating gravity into a theory of everything at very small scales. String theory predicts that spacetime has 10 dimensions rather than the observed 4 dimensions, with the extra 6 dimensions being curled up too small to detect directly. While strings have never been observed, string theory remains a promising area of research as the only known way to reconcile quantum mechanics and general relativity.
Black holes
Black holes are regions of space where gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape. They form when large stars collapse at the end of their life cycles, compressing their mass into a tiny space. There are several types of black holes including stellar black holes formed by collapsed stars and supermassive black holes found at the center of galaxies containing billions of solar masses. If matter enters a black hole's event horizon, it becomes "spaghettified" as tidal forces stretch and compress it due to the extreme warping of spacetime.
Black holes definitivo
Black holes form from dying massive stars and are regions of space where gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape. They have an event horizon boundary and extreme density at the singularity at the center. Small stellar black holes form from supernovae, while supermassive black holes with masses of billions of suns are found at the centers of galaxies. Matter falling into a black hole's intense gravity is stretched or "spaghettified" as it crosses the event horizon.
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Dark Stars - James Web Telescope unveiled another secret of this infinite uni...
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Dark Matter And Energy
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- 5. Visual The image above shows how the universe has expanded over time. Scientists have theorized that the accelerated expansion is due to a mysterious dark energy