Daniel Aldrich - Building Resilience
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This document summarizes data on four major disasters between 1923-2005 in terms of deaths, economic costs, and whether they primarily impacted urban or rural areas. The 1923 Tokyo Earthquake caused 105,000 deaths and $1 billion in damage in a highly populated urban area. The 1995 Kobe Earthquake led to 6,800 deaths and $100 billion in costs in another highly populated urban center. The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami killed 130,000 people in India alone and cost $4.5 billion, primarily impacting rural coastal villages. Hurricane Katrina in 2005 resulted in 1,800 deaths and $150 billion in losses, affecting both urban and mixed areas in New Orleans.
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Daniel Aldrich - Building Resilience
- 3. Disaster Deaths Cost of Damage Urban / rural Level of Analysis 1923 Tokyo Earthquake 105,000 $1 billion Highly populated urban area 39 neighborhoods in Tokyo from 1922 to 1933 1995 Kobe Earthquake 6,800 $100 billion Highly populated urban area 9 wards in Kobe from 1991 to 2006 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami 130,000 (in India alone) $4.5 billion Primarily rural, coastal fishing villages 41 villages, 1,600 respondents in state of Tamil Nadu 2005 Hurricane Katrina 1,800 $150 billion Mixed urban area 114 zip codes in New Orleans
- 9. -.050.05.1.15 PopulationGrowthRate(Percentage) Low levels of social capital High levels of social capital Chi-squared value: .001
- 10. Data from Katsuji 2001: 231 Nagata A Before Fukushima B before Population 191 180 Average age 51.1 50.6 # Households 73 64 Household age 62.4 59.2 Average Household Income 442 man 402.8 man Number of Years in the Community 32.3 43.4 % born in the community 9.2 71.9 % Renting 34.7 15.9 % Working 64.6 69.8
- 11. 100000 105000 110000 115000 120000 160000 180000 200000 220000 100000 110000 120000 130000 200000 210000 220000 230000 240000 90000 100000 110000 120000 130000 80000 100000 120000 140000 150000 200000 250000 170000 175000 180000 185000 190000 220000 225000 230000 235000 240000 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 Chuo-ku Higashinada-ku Hyogo-ku Kita-ku Nada-ku Nagata-ku Nishi-ku Suma-ku Tarumi-ku Population Year
- 12. 0.01.02.03 PredictedPopulationGrowthRate 0 .0001 .0002 .0003 Lagged Number of NPOs Created per Capita