Class notes of Geotechnical Engineering course I used to teach at UET Lahore. Feel free to download the slide show.
Anyone looking to modify these files and use them for their own teaching purposes can contact me directly to get hold of editable version.
This publication provides a concise compilation of selected rules in the Eurocode 8, together with relevant Cyprus National Annex, that relate to the design of common forms of concrete building structure in the South Europe. Rules from EN 1998-1-1 for global analysis, regularity criteria, type of analysis and verification checks are presented. Detail design rules for concrete beam, column and shear wall, from EN 1998-1-1 and EN1992-1-1 are presented. This guide covers the design of orthodox members in concrete frames. It does not cover design rules for steel frames. Certain practical limitations are given to the scope.
Class notes of Geotechnical Engineering course I used to teach at UET Lahore. Feel free to download the slide show.
Anyone looking to modify these files and use them for their own teaching purposes can contact me directly to get hold of editable version.
This publication provides a concise compilation of selected rules in the Eurocode 8, together with relevant Cyprus National Annex, that relate to the design of common forms of concrete building structure in the South Europe. Rules from EN 1998-1-1 for global analysis, regularity criteria, type of analysis and verification checks are presented. Detail design rules for concrete beam, column and shear wall, from EN 1998-1-1 and EN1992-1-1 are presented. This guide covers the design of orthodox members in concrete frames. It does not cover design rules for steel frames. Certain practical limitations are given to the scope.
Prepared by madam rafia firdous. She is a lecturer and instructor in subject of Plain and Reinforcement concrete at University of South Asia LAHORE,PAKISTAN.
Solution Manul for Structural Analysis in SI Units 10th Edition by Russell Hi...physicsbook
https://www.unihelp.xyz/solutions-manual-mechanics-of-materials-hibbeler/
Solution Manual for Mechanics of Materials in SI Units 10th Edition (Global Edition)
Author(s): Russell Charles Hibbeler
"Solution Manual for Mechanics of Materials Tenth Edition in SI Units Global Edition" have answers for "problems" and "Review Problems" in all chapters of textbook (Chapters 1 to 14).
Geotechnical Engineering-I [Lec #15: Field Compaction]Muhammad Irfan
Class notes of Geotechnical Engineering course I used to teach at UET Lahore. Feel free to download the slide show.
Anyone looking to modify these files and use them for their own teaching purposes can contact me directly to get hold of editable version.
Behaviour and Analysis of Large Diameter Laterally Loaded PilesHenry Pik Yap Sia
75% of UK offshore wind turbines are supported on monopile foundations (Doherty and Gavin, 2012). The piles are subjected to large lateral loading from wind and tide surges as well as seabed movement. British Standards (BS EN 61400-3:2009) suggested p-y curve to predict the behaviour of laterally loaded offshore piles. P-y curve has certain assumptions including negligible rotational resistance along the pile length.
This report presents our investigation on the effect of rotational resistance on a typical large diameter pile. It also describes how the finite difference (FD) program has been written from first principles, the Winkler’s Method and Euler-Bernoulli Beam theory. To calculate the rotational resistance, the slice method proposed by McVay and Niraula (2004) is implemented in our model. Our linear-elastic FD model calculates the displacement, bending moment, shear force and soil pressure for laterally loaded piles for two cases: (a) when rotational resistance is considered and (b) when rotational resistance is neglected. The later represents the values used in the industry.
Sensitivity study, through our model produced good results within its scope. The results suggested that the change in the soil and pile properties was found to be dependent on the length-to-depth (L/D) ratio of the pile and the stiffness of the soil next to the pile. In other words, when reached critical ratio, the rotational resistance becomes very significant, specifically for short, rigid piles. Therefore, we computed curves to recommend the range of L/D values where rotational resistance can be safely neglected.
Recommendations and suggestions are made to improve the model and research to fully encapsulate the behaviour of offshore monopiles, such as cyclic loading, elastic continuum, plasticity and non-linearity.
Lastly, we have sufficient confidence from this research to conclude that rotational resistance of a laterally loaded large diameter pile are important and that current design standards for offshore monopiles are conservative.
- Evolution of the design standards
- Composition and links between Eurocodes
- Fundamental requirement in Eurocodes
- Eurocode 0 : BASIS OF STRUCTURAL DESIGN
- Partial Factor method - probabilism
- Limit states
- Eurocode 1 - Actions and combinations
In this section the concept of stress will be introduced, and this will be applied to components that are in a state of tension, compression, and shear. Strain measurement methods will also be briefly discussed.
Predicting Static Modulus of Elasticity of Laterite - Quarry Dust Blocks Usin...IOSRJMCE
The use of alternative materials other than river sand in the production of sandcrete blocks is gaining impetus in most major Nigerian cities. Manufacturers of these blocks are, however, faced with the problem of mix proportion required for the production of the desired property. Static modulus of elasticity of block is one key property required in the design of structures, which is usually neglected. In this work, a mathematical model is formulated using Osadebe's regression theory for predicting the static modulus of elasticity of laterite-quarry dust block. The model is tested for lack of fit using software and found adequate.
Prepared by madam rafia firdous. She is a lecturer and instructor in subject of Plain and Reinforcement concrete at University of South Asia LAHORE,PAKISTAN.
Solution Manul for Structural Analysis in SI Units 10th Edition by Russell Hi...physicsbook
https://www.unihelp.xyz/solutions-manual-mechanics-of-materials-hibbeler/
Solution Manual for Mechanics of Materials in SI Units 10th Edition (Global Edition)
Author(s): Russell Charles Hibbeler
"Solution Manual for Mechanics of Materials Tenth Edition in SI Units Global Edition" have answers for "problems" and "Review Problems" in all chapters of textbook (Chapters 1 to 14).
Geotechnical Engineering-I [Lec #15: Field Compaction]Muhammad Irfan
Class notes of Geotechnical Engineering course I used to teach at UET Lahore. Feel free to download the slide show.
Anyone looking to modify these files and use them for their own teaching purposes can contact me directly to get hold of editable version.
Behaviour and Analysis of Large Diameter Laterally Loaded PilesHenry Pik Yap Sia
75% of UK offshore wind turbines are supported on monopile foundations (Doherty and Gavin, 2012). The piles are subjected to large lateral loading from wind and tide surges as well as seabed movement. British Standards (BS EN 61400-3:2009) suggested p-y curve to predict the behaviour of laterally loaded offshore piles. P-y curve has certain assumptions including negligible rotational resistance along the pile length.
This report presents our investigation on the effect of rotational resistance on a typical large diameter pile. It also describes how the finite difference (FD) program has been written from first principles, the Winkler’s Method and Euler-Bernoulli Beam theory. To calculate the rotational resistance, the slice method proposed by McVay and Niraula (2004) is implemented in our model. Our linear-elastic FD model calculates the displacement, bending moment, shear force and soil pressure for laterally loaded piles for two cases: (a) when rotational resistance is considered and (b) when rotational resistance is neglected. The later represents the values used in the industry.
Sensitivity study, through our model produced good results within its scope. The results suggested that the change in the soil and pile properties was found to be dependent on the length-to-depth (L/D) ratio of the pile and the stiffness of the soil next to the pile. In other words, when reached critical ratio, the rotational resistance becomes very significant, specifically for short, rigid piles. Therefore, we computed curves to recommend the range of L/D values where rotational resistance can be safely neglected.
Recommendations and suggestions are made to improve the model and research to fully encapsulate the behaviour of offshore monopiles, such as cyclic loading, elastic continuum, plasticity and non-linearity.
Lastly, we have sufficient confidence from this research to conclude that rotational resistance of a laterally loaded large diameter pile are important and that current design standards for offshore monopiles are conservative.
- Evolution of the design standards
- Composition and links between Eurocodes
- Fundamental requirement in Eurocodes
- Eurocode 0 : BASIS OF STRUCTURAL DESIGN
- Partial Factor method - probabilism
- Limit states
- Eurocode 1 - Actions and combinations
In this section the concept of stress will be introduced, and this will be applied to components that are in a state of tension, compression, and shear. Strain measurement methods will also be briefly discussed.
Predicting Static Modulus of Elasticity of Laterite - Quarry Dust Blocks Usin...IOSRJMCE
The use of alternative materials other than river sand in the production of sandcrete blocks is gaining impetus in most major Nigerian cities. Manufacturers of these blocks are, however, faced with the problem of mix proportion required for the production of the desired property. Static modulus of elasticity of block is one key property required in the design of structures, which is usually neglected. In this work, a mathematical model is formulated using Osadebe's regression theory for predicting the static modulus of elasticity of laterite-quarry dust block. The model is tested for lack of fit using software and found adequate.
techDynamic characteristics and stability of cylindrical textured journal bea...ijmech
The dynamic characteristics of cylindrical textured hydrodynamic journal bearing are presented in this paper. The Reynolds equation is solved numerically in a finite difference grid in an iterative scheme satisfying the appropriate boundary conditions. Stiffness and damping coefficients of fluid film and stability parameter are found using the first-order perturbation method for different eccentricity ratios and various texture parameters like texture depth and texture density.. From the present analysis, it has been found that stability is enhanced with increase in texture depth, whereas there is an optimum texture density corresponding to the maximum stability of the bearing
10 simple mathematical approach for granular fill Ahmed Ebid
improving soil parameters using dynamic
compaction of was intensively studied by many researchers since
1980’s. Earlier researchers depended on statistical analysis of
many case studies and soil dynamic principals to develop
empirical formula used in designing dynamic compaction
procedure. Recent researchers used different finite element
models to describe the behavior of soil under dynamic
compaction; those models varied between 1-D simple model and
up to 3-D sophisticated ones. The aim of this research is to
introduce a simple mathematical approach to simulate ground
deformations and soil parameters improvement due to dynamic
compaction. The proposed approach consists of two equations, the
1st one used to calculate the ground settlement due to one temper
drop, the 2nd one used to calculate the updated soil parameters
due to the ground settlement from the previous drop. By applying
the two equations successively, both ground settlement and soil
parameters improvement could be calculated after each tamper
drop. The proposed approach was applied on four case studies and
its results were so close to measured ones. The proposed approach
could be used in designing or testing the dynamic compaction
procedures and also in monitoring the quality of execution by
comparing the measured settlement after each drop with
calculated one.
An Iteratively Coupled Solution Method for Partial and Super-Cavitation Predi...João Baltazar
An iteratively coupled solution method for the calculation of partial and super-cavitating flow on propellers with a potential based Boundary Element Method is presented. The solution method explores the fact that only the source strength beneath the cavity changes due to the presence of the cavity. The knowledge of the source strength change is sufficient to solve the original Neumann problem. The system is iteratively coupled to the complete cavitating system in the cavity planform iteration. The advantage is that the complete system matrix for the Neumann problem is identical to the matrix of the wetted flow problem and needs only to be inverted once. The numerical studies are carried out for the INSEAN E779A propeller with predicted partial and super-cavitation.
Effect of cylindrical texture on dynamic characteristics of journal bearingijmech
Effect of cylindrical texture on dynamic characteristics of hydrodynamic journal bearing is presented in this paper. The Reynolds equation is discretized by finite difference method and solved numerically in an iterative scheme satisfying the appropriate boundary conditions. Stiffness and damping coefficients of fluid film and stability parameters are found using the first-order perturbation method for different eccentricity ratios and various texture parameters like texture depth and texture portion. From the present study, it has found that cylindrical texture exhibits better stability than plain journal bearing.
Similar to Geotechnical Elements and Models in OpenSees (20)
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)
Geotechnical Elements and Models in OpenSees
1. Geotechnical Elements and Models in OpenSees
Pedro Arduino
University of Washington, Seattle
OpenSees Days Portugal 2014,
Workshop on Multi-Hazard Analysis of Structures using OpenSees
University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Thursday July 3, 2014
2. Type of Geotechnical Problems that can be solved using OpenSees
Static Problems
Deformation analyses (1D, 2D, or 3D)
Consolidation problems (diffusion problems)
Soil-structure interaction problems
Shallow foundations (e.g. bearing capacity, settlements)
Pile foundations (e.g. vertical and lateral capacity)
Dynamic (earthquake problems)
Free-field analysis
Liquefaction induced problems
Soil structure interaction problems (e.g. response of pile foundations, bridge bents, or complete structures embedded in soils to earthquake excitations)
3. What do we need??
Solid elements to characterize the soil domain (continuum).
Appropriate boundary conditions to accurately represent the soil domain boundaries.
Robust constitutive models to characterize the soil stress-strain response under monotonic and cyclic loading conditions
Interface elements to capture the interaction between the soil and adjacent structures.
Everything else you are learning in this workshop (i.e., how to create beam elements, apply loads and boundary conditions, record results, perform the analysis, etc.
4. Outline
Elements (for solids)
Single-phase
Multi-phase (coupled) finite elements
Zero length element
Material models
Elastic
Elasto-plastic Continuum Models
Elasto-plastic Uniaxial models
Boundary conditions
Equal DOF
Absorbent boundaries
Interface elements
2D, 3D node-to-node contact elements
Beam-contact elements
5. Elements (solids)
Single-phase formulations
To capture the response of dry soils (or total stress analysis) need one single phase
Phase 1 – soil skeleton
Multi-phase formulations
To capture the response of saturated soils (effective stress analysis) need two phases
Phase 1 soil skeleton
Phase 2 pore water
Zero-Length element
To capture interface response between solid and beam elements, and to apply absorbent boundary conditions
6. Elements Single Phase Formulation
Small deformation solid elements
2-D quadrilateral elements (4, 9 nodes)
3-D solid elements, brick (8, 20 nodes)
n1
n2
n3
n4
n2
n1
n3
n4
n6
n5
n7
n8
quad (4 node)
stdBrick (8 node)
7. Elements quad element definition
n1
n2
n3
n4
quad (4 node)
element quad $eleTag $n1 $n2 $n3 $n4 $thick $type $matTag
<$press $rho $b1 $b2>
Must define first all the required arguments. In particular:
Nodes $n1, $n2, $n3, $n4 and
Material type $matTag
The arguments in <…> are optional
8. Elements Multi-Phase Formulations
Fully coupled u-p elements (2D & 3D)
Fully coupled u-p-U elements (3D) for small deformations
Degrees of Freedom (DOFs) are:
u solid displacement, on
P pore fluid pressures, on
U pore fluid displacements, on
n1
n2
n3
n4
quadUP
n1
n2
n3
n4
n5
n6
n7
n8
n9
9_4_quadUP
9. Elements quadUP element definition
element quadUP $eleTag $n1 $n2 $n3 $n4 $thick $type $matTag $bulk $fmass $hPerm $vPerm <$b1 $b2 $t> $bulk combined undrained bulk modulus Bc=Bf/n $fmass fluid mass density $hperm & $vperm horiz. And vert. permeability
n1
n2
n3
n4
quadUP
10. Elements Efficient formulations
n1
n2
n3
n4
n2
n1
n3
n4
n6
n5
n7
n8
quad (4 node)
stdBrick (8 node)
Standard 2D and 3D solid Elements
n1
n2
n3
n4
n2
n1
n3
n4
n6
n5
n7
n8
SSPquad (4 node)
SSPBrick (8 node)
Stabilized Single Point 2D and 3D Solid Elements
11. Elements Efficient formulations
n1
n2
n3
n4
n2
n1
n3
n4
n6
n5
n7
n8
SSPquad (4 node)
SSPBrick (8 node)
Stabilized Single Point 2D and 3D Solid Elements
n1
n2
n3
n4
n2
n1
n3
n4
n6
n5
n7
n8
SSPquad-up (4 node)
SSPBrick-up (8 node)
UP - Stabilized Single Point 2D and 3D Solid Elements
12. Elements zerolength element
Connects two points at the same coordinate
n1
n2
n3
n4
element zeroLength $eleTag $n1 $n2 –mat $matTag1 $matTag2 … -dir $dir1 $dir2 … <-orient $x1 $x2 $x3 $yp1 $yp2 $yp3>
zero-length element
solid element
n5
n6
beam element
13. Material Models
Linear Elastic Material model (nDMaterial)
To characterize the response of the soil (or other continuum) in its elastic regime
Elasto-Plastic Material models (nDMaterial)
To characterize the nonlinear stress-strain response of soils
Elasto-plastic Uniaxial models
To characterize the interface response between soil and structural elements (uniaxialMaterial).
15. Material Models nDMaterial -Elasto-Plastic (Small Deformations)
J2-Plasticity Material (von Mises)
Drucker-Prager Material (UW)
Cam-Clay Material (Berkeley, UW)
MutiYield Materials (San Diego)
Manzari-Dafalias (new) (UW)
16. Material Models nDMaterial - J2Plasticity
von-Mises type
nDMaterial J2Plasticity $matTag $K $G $sig0 $sigInf $delta $H
sd
sd-inf
sd-0
ed
Von-Mises Yield Surface
Stress-strain curve
17. Material Models nDMaterial MultiYield Materials
Material models based on Multiyield Plasticity (Mroz et al., Prevost et al.)
Two types
Pressure Independent Multi-yield (for total stress analysis)
Pressure Dependent Multi-yield (captures well the response of liquefiable soils)
Developed by Elgamal et al. at UCSD
http://cyclic.ucsd.edu/opensees/
22. Material Models - nDMaterial
Other Models under development
nDMaterial BoundingCamClay (Clays)
nDMaterial Manzari-Dafalias (Sands)
b b b α α bμ
d d d α α dμ
s / p 1
s / p 2 s / p 3
O
n
b
d
n
•
•
•
+
yield surface
bounding surface
critical surface
dilatancy surface
b
α
c
α
d
α r
• _
Bounding Surface Model
23. Material Models - nDMaterial Manzari-Dafalias (2004)
Conventional Triaxial Test CTC Undrained
Dense Sand
Loose Sand
Confinement
Displacement
24. Material Models - nDMaterial Manzari-Dafalias (2004)
Cyclic Constant Mean Stress TC Undrained
Confinement
Cyclic Shear Stress
K=0
K=Ko
25. Material Models Elasto-plastic Uniaxial models
To capture interface response between solid (soil) and beam elements (pile)
Py Tz Qz Uniaxial Materials
•PySimple1
•TzSimple1
•QzSimple1
•PyLiq1
•TzLiq1
26. Material Models - uniaxialMaterial PySimple1
uniaxialMaterial PySimple1 matTag $soilType $pult $Y50 $Cd <$c>
y
p
pult (Reese 1974)
y50 (API 1993)
$soilType =1 Matlock (clay), =2 API (sand) $pult ultimate capacity of p-y material $Y50 displ. @ 50% of pult Cd drag resistance (=1 no gap, <1 gap) $c viscous damping
Cd=1.0
Cd=0.3
31. Absorbent/transmitting Boundaries
Lysmer (1969)
1. set DampP 755
2. set DampN 1216
3. uniaxialMaterial Elastic 1 0 $DampP
4. uniaxialMaterial Elastic 2 0 $DampN
5. node 1 16.0 0.0
6. node 2 16.0 0.0
7. element zeroLength 1 1 2 -mat 1 2
-dir 1 2 –orient 1 –2 0 2 1 0
Quad Element
P P
N S
C b V
C a V
zeroLength Element &
uniaxial material
32. Interface Elements Contact Elements in OpenSees
Beam-Solid Model
Solid-Solid Model
Fiber element
Moment curvature response for single shaft
33. Interface elements Contact Elements in OpenSees
3D Node-to-Surface Element
2D Node-to-Line Element
3D Beam-to-Solid Element
3D End-Beam-to- Solid Element
Master node
Slave node
tn
g
34. element SimpleContact2D $eleTag $iNode $jNode $sNode $lNode $matTag $gTol $fTol
$eleTag unique integer tag identifying element object $iNode $jNode master nodes $sNode slave node $lNode Lagrange multiplier node $matTag unique integer tag associated with previously- defined material object $gTol gap tolerance $fTol force tolerance
Master node
Slave node
Interface elements Contact Elements in OpenSees