This document discusses various types of cyber crimes including their history, categories, and examples. It provides details on specific cyber crimes like spam, computer viruses, identity theft, phishing, spyware, man-in-the-middle attacks, and web jacking. It also discusses how to prevent, detect, and recover from these crimes. Suggestions are provided like using strong passwords and keeping software updated to help protect against cyber crimes.

1. CYBER CRIME
AFROZULLA KHAN Z
(ETHICAL HACKER)
CRIMINOLOGY & FORENSIC SCIENCE

2. This is any crime that involves
computer and a network.

3. HISTORY

4. The first recorded cyber crime took
place in 1820.
The first spam email took place in
1976 when it was sent over the
ARPANT.
The first virus was installed on an
Apple computer in 1982.

5. Categories of
cyber crime

6. The computer as a target:
Using a computer to attack other
computer.
Example: Hacking, Virus/Worms
attacks, etc.
The computer as a weapon:
Using a computer to commit real
world crime.
Example: Cyber Terrorism, Credit
Card fraud, Pornography etc.

7. Types of cyber crime

8. spam

9. Spam commonly refers to bulk, unsolicited,
unwanted and potentially harmful
electronic messages.
Spam is a technique preferred by
cybercriminals because of speed of
distribution & delivery to the large number
of targets which can be achieved in one go.

10. How does spamworks ?
Spam is usually sent by a ‘spammer’.
 Spam is rarely sent directly by a
company advertising itself.
 The cost of spam is far less than postal
bulk mailings.
 An spammer could spam 10,000
recipients for less than 6000 INR.
 To send large volumes of spam,
spammers take advantage of geographic
areas.

11. How do spammers collect email addresses
Sometimes spammers may buy the
addresses 15 million email addresses can
be purchased for as little as 10000 INR.
 They could obtain by using software
programs known as ‘Harvesters’

12. Spamemail

13. Spamcall

14. Computer Virus

15. Computer Virus are computer programs
that, when opened put copies of
themselves into other computers’ hard
drives without the users’ consent.
Creating a computer virus and
disseminating it is cyber-crime.

16. virus

17. How can a Computer Virus find me ?
Even if you‘re careful you can pick up
computer viruses through normal Web
activities like:
• Sharing music, files or photos with other
users.
• Visiting an infected Web site.
• Opening spam email or an email
attachment.
• Downloading free games, toolbars, media
players and other system utilities.
• Installing mainstream software

18. What does a Computer Virus do ?
Some computer viruses are programmed
to harm your computer by damaging
programs, deleting files, or reformatting the
hard drive.
The virus may steal disk space, access
personal information, ruin data on the
computer or send information out to the
other computer user’s personal contacts.

19. Symptoms of Computer Virus
Your computer may be infected if you
recognize any of these malware symptoms:
 Slow computer performance.
 Irregular computer behavior.
 Unexplained data loss,
 Frequent computer crashes.

20. removal of Computer Virus
 Use antivirus protection and a firewall.
 Get antispyware software.
 Always keep your antivirus protection
and antispyware software up-to-date.
 Update your operating system regularly.
 Increase your browser security settings.
 Only download software from sites you
trust.
 Don’t open mails from unknown senders.
 Immediately delete mails you suspect to
be spam.

21. Identity theft

22. It is a form of stealing someone’s personal
information and pretending to be that
person in order to obtain financial
resources or other benefits in that person’s
name without their consent.
Identity theft is considered as cybercrime.
The personal information stolen can
include the person’s name, social security
number, birth date or credit card numbers.
This stolen information is then used to
obtain new credit cards, access bank
accounts or obtain other benefits, such as
driver’s license.

23. Common types of identity theft
 Social Security Identity Theft.
 Financial Identity Theft.
 Driver’s License Identity Theft.
 Criminal Identity Theft.
 Medical Identity Theft.
 Tax Identity Theft.
 Child Identity Theft.
 ATM Cards.

24. How identity theft can be committed
Identity theft is committed by using the
victim’s browser security or through
spyware, which is software placed
unknowingly on a person’s computer in
order to obtain information.
Identity theft can also be performed by
hacking into computer networks to obtain
personal data- sometimes in large
amounts.

25. What do thieves do withyour information ?
 Drain your bank account.
 Run up charges on your credit cards.
 Open new utility accounts.
 Get medical treatment on your health
insurance.
 An identity thief can file a tax refund in
your name and get your refund.
 Thief may give your name to the police
during an arrest.

26. Clues that someone has stolen your information
 Withdrawals from bank account.
 Don’t get bills or other mail.
 New bills from the services to which you
never subscribe.
 Unfamiliar accounts or charges on credit
report.
 Rejection of credit cards or its blockage.
 Use of your accounts or login details.

27. Preventionof identitytheft
 Keep personal documents in safe.
 Protect your purse or wallet.
 Photocopy the contents of your wallet.
 Examine your bank account statements
monthly.
 Cancel credit cards that you’re not using.
 Use of strong passwords.
 Protect your computer.

28. Phishing attack

29. It is a form of social engineering that uses
email or malicious websites to gain
personal information from an individual or
company.
This is a technique of extracting
confidential information such as credit card
numbers and username passwords.

30. Process of Phishing attack

31. Phishing scam attempt

32. Phishing link

33. Avoid Phishing attack
 Guard against spam.
 Communicate personal information only
via phone or secure web sites.
 Do not click on links, download files or
open attachments in emails from unknown
senders.
 Never email personal or financial
information.
 Beware of links in emails that ask for
personal information.

34. spyware

35. Spyware, is a computer software
programme or hardware device that
enables an unauthorized to secretly
monitor and gather information about your
computer use.
There are many types of computer software
programmes and hardware devices that
can be installed to monitor your computer
activities.
They can be installed in your computer
without your knowledge, & doesn’t even

36. Spyware work
Spyware can keep track of
 Every keystroke you type.
 Every software application you use.
 Website you visit.
 Chat or Instant message you send.
 Document you open.
 Everything you print.
 It can freeze, shutdown or restart your
computer.
 It can remotely turn on webcam.

37. Man in the middle attack

38. A man-in-the-middle attack is a type of
cyber attack where a malicious actor
inserts him/herself into a conversation
between two parties, and gains access to
information that the two parties were trying
to send to each other.
A man-in-the-middle attack allows a
malicious actor to intercept, send and
receive data meant for someone else, or
not meant to be sent at all, without either
outside party knowing until it is too late

39. Process of mim

40. Man-in-the-middle attack

41. How to recover lost data

42. recuva

43.  Deleted a file by mistake? Recuva brings
lost files on your computer.
Recovery from damaged or formatted
disks.
 Recover deleted emails.
 Recover unsaved word documents.
 Securely delete files you want to erase
forever.

44. Web jacking

45. This term is derived from the term hi
jacking.
In these kinds of offences the hacker
gains access and control over the web site
of another.
He may even change the information on
the site.
Web jacking is simply when someone
clones your website, and tricks you to
believe the cloned site is yours.
 This is quite different from the usual
phishing methods.

46. What happen next ?
 Certainly, you have no access to the
website again. The brain that is behind the
jacking takes control and may decide to
demand a ransom.
 The hacker might choose to steal the
website credentials such as password,
usernames, email addresses, account
numbers, etc.

47. Website Web jacking

48. Prevention of web jacking
 Preventing web jacking might be quite
unmanageable.
 Use Abode Flash.
 Update your browser & add-ons.
 Block Scripts It’s advisable to install No
script add on if you’re using Firefox. They
provide protection against frame based attack,
by preventing scripts from loading.

49. sections
 Section 66C : Using password of another
person (Identity Theft), Imprisonment up to 3
years or/and with fine up to 100,000.
 Section 66D : Cheating using computer
resources, Imprisonment up to 3 years or/and
with fine up to 100,000.
 Section 66E : Publishing private images of
others, Imprisonment up to 3 years or/and with
fine up to 100,000.
 Section 384 : Web-Jacking.


50. suggestions
 Don't reply to spam.
 Protect your computers.
 Use Strong Password.
 Update Anti-virus software.
 Keep backup volumes of data.
 Use Virtual Keyboards for online
transactions.
 Turn-off internet when not in use.
 Update your operating system regularly.
 Clear Cookies.
 Use a pop-up advertising blocker on your
internet browser.

51. USB - Pratirodh

52. AppSamvid

53. M-Kavach

54. Browser JSGuard

55. unhack