Hijamah, or wet cupping therapy, is an ancient healing practice that involves using cups to create suction on the skin and draw out blood or toxins from the body. It aims to increase circulation, relax muscles, and rid the body of impurities. The document discusses the history of hijamah in various cultures and its use and promotion by the Prophet Muhammad. It also outlines the scientific mechanisms by which cupping is believed to work, such as stimulating nerves and increasing blood flow. Finally, it lists specific body areas and corresponding health conditions that are traditionally treated with hijamah in Unani medicine.
Hijama (Arabic: حجامة lit. "sucking") is the Arabic term for wet cupping, where blood is drawn by vacuum from a small skin incision for therapeutic purposes.The practice has Greek and Persian origin and is mentioned by Hippocrates.
Hijama (Arabic: حجامة lit. "sucking") is the Arabic term for wet cupping, where blood is drawn by vacuum from a small skin incision for therapeutic purposes.The practice has Greek and Persian origin and is mentioned by Hippocrates.
Massage cupping Level I slideshow. Sharing similarities with TCM cupping therapy, this slideshow goes into the history, benefits, characteristics, as well as the techniques associated with Massage Cupping.
Health is not merely an absence of disease, but a positive quality of life. Health & happiness are governed by nature. Naturopathy signifies the treatment of disease with natural resources,& Mud is one among them.
This power point presentation is part of the ACE Massage Cupping 3 day workshop. The presentation gets into some details about Vacuum Therapy. History, Benefits, Indications, and well as Techniques
Massage cupping Level I slideshow. Sharing similarities with TCM cupping therapy, this slideshow goes into the history, benefits, characteristics, as well as the techniques associated with Massage Cupping.
Health is not merely an absence of disease, but a positive quality of life. Health & happiness are governed by nature. Naturopathy signifies the treatment of disease with natural resources,& Mud is one among them.
This power point presentation is part of the ACE Massage Cupping 3 day workshop. The presentation gets into some details about Vacuum Therapy. History, Benefits, Indications, and well as Techniques
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
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To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
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Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
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Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
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3. Hijamah
Hijamah comes from the original Arabic word
“Al-hajm” ,which means “ to restore to original
size” or “to diminish in volume” and “to suck”.
In Hijamah blood is sucked after applying cup to
specific areas of the body.
Hijamah was also known as “Seenghi Lagwana”
as in ancient time, hollow horns were used as
cupping instruments for Hijamah. In Urdu
language the horns are known as “Seengh”.
4. Cont…..
Hijamah, the Arabic word, is often translated
into English as Cupping. It is used with one or
several kind of cups such as bamboo cups,
glasses or earthen cups, placing them on desired
points on patient’s skin, sucking the air out and
creating a vacuum to produce a suction effect
that increases blood circulation to the local area
,relaxes muscles tissue. Vacuum can also be
produced by introducing heat into a glass cup.
5. Cont…
The translation of Hijamah into cupping though is
not entirely accurate as it give the impression that
Hijamah encompasses all forms of cupping therapy,
Islamically Hijamah is usually explicit to one form
of cupping therapy which is blood cupping, also
known as wet cupping.
6. Historical Background of Hijamah (Cupping)
Oldest document of Cupping was in Macedonia
mentioned in 3300 BC
Ancient Papyrus 1550BC, also describes about the
common practice of Hijamah in the world
Hippocrates described both dry and wet cupping in
his treatise “Guide to Clinical Treatment” which
has been widely employed for the cure of broad
range of conditions and gaining popularity
worldwide.
7. Cont…
In further development of this aspect, there are so many voluble
contributions of different Unani physicians of that time as follows:--
Raban Tabri 8th cent AD
Zakariya Razi 850-923AD
AliIbnAbbas Mazoosi 930-994AD
Abul Qasim Al Zehrawi 936-1036AD
Ibn Sina 980-1037AD
Ismail zurzani 1136AD
Ibn Habal 1213AD
IbnAl Quful Masihi 1233-1286AD
Qurshi 1210-1288AD
8. Cont…
In 8th century AD Ali bin Rabban Tabri in his
book Firdosul hikmat describes cupping. Abul
qasim zehrawi(10th cent AD) describes the
way of application of cupping briefly in his
book Zarahiyate zehrawi .Razi also quote the
points of cupping in Kitab-al-mansoori in
same era. Ibnsina(11th cent AD) in his book Al
-kanoon mention the basic principle and use
of cupping. Ismail Jurjani (12th cent AD)in
Zakhira khwarzam shahi,Qurshi in Moojazal
Qanoon, Ibn quff in Kitabul umda fil
jarahat(13th cent AD), Hkm.Kabiruddin in
Kullayate qanoon and kulliyate
nafeesi(19th,20th cent AD) also wrote about
indication and type of cupping.
9. Cont…
In Arabic this method of therapy was popularised by our
Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) as stated in
many Hadith:
انس عنرضقال:هللا رسول قالوسلم عليه هللا صلئ:به تداويتم ما امثل ان
وال ، الحجامةقالبحرئ سط
Anas Ibn Maalik (may Allah be pleased upon him) reported
that the Prophet ( S.A.W) said, “Indeed the best of remedies
you have is cupping (hijama)…” [Saheeh al-Bukhaari (5371)].
11. Types:-
On the basis of bloodletting and non
bloodletting Hijamah can be classified into
two type:-
Hijamah-Bish- Shart (wet cupping)
Hijamah –Bila- Shart (dry cupping)
On the basis of method of cupping it is
divided into two part:-
Hijamah-e-Nariya (cupping with fire)
Hijamah-e-Ghair Nariya (cupping without
fire)
12. EQUIPMENTS USED IN CUPPING:-
Cup (glass, plastic, etc)
Vacuum pump
Medical antiseptic ,,Betadine solution(Povidone-iodine) and
Spirit
A lamp or candle
Inflammable small cone of paper or camphor
Sterilised gloves
Kidney tray
Sterilised medical blade
A pack of cotton, sterilised medical gauze, micropore tape
A razor to remove the hair of the site if needed
16. Mechanisms of cupping therapy
according to Hong et al.
Hong et al. reported that cupping
therapy works via creating specific
changes in local tissue structures
as a result of local negative pressure
in the cups used which stretches the
nerve and muscle
causing an increase in blood
circulation and causing autohemolysis
17. Mechanisms of cupping therapy
according to Gao et al.
• Gao et al. suggested that putting cups
on selected acupoints on the skin
produces hyperaemia or haemostasis
which results in a therapeutic effect
18. Mechanisms for analgesic effects
of cupping therapy
Cupping therapy may induce deformation or
injury to the skin
leading to stimulation of special fibers in the
painful region and distal skin regions
stimulation of inhibitory receptive fields of the
multi-receptive dorsal horn neurons at the level
of the spinal cord
simulate special naturopathic setting leading to
relaxation and comfort of the patient
19.
20. Mechanism of Hijamah according to Unani system of
medicine.
Formation of akhlat-e-
fasida
Ijtema-e-mawad (sabab)
Marz
Imala-e-Mavad –
Diversion of
morbid material
Tanqiya-e-Mavad
(Evacuation of morbid
material)
21. Sites & indications of
Hijamah described in
Unani system of medicine.
Some Common Pathologies
&
Sites of Cupping
24. Nuqra ()گدی/قفا/نقرہ Nape (اوپر انگلی چار سے )گردن
Waj-ul-Uznain Otalgia
Bakhr-ul-fam Fetide,Halitosis
Kalaf Melasma
Barash Freckles
Namash Naeve
Ramad Conjunctivitis
sulaq Blephritis
Jarab-ul-Ain Pruritus of eye
Siql-ur-Ras wal
Ajfan
Heaviness of
head and eyelid
25. Akhda’ain (اخدعین) Lateral Aspect of the Neck(طرف ںدونوکے گردن )
Waj-ul-asnan Toothache
Waj-ul-lisan Glossalgia
Warm-e-lisaa Gingivitis
Khunaq Diptheria
Warm-e-Uzn Otitis
Ramad Conjunctivitis
Shaqiqa Migraine
Suda’ Headache
Irteash-e-Ras Tremor of the Head
Chehra,daaqnt,kaan
,Ankh,gala,nak ke
Amraz
Disease of the
Face,tooth,ears,Eyes,
Throat & Nose
28. Mankibain/Katifain()کتفین/منکب Shoulder ( کیپیچھےمقابل کے ترقوہ
)جگہ
Humma-e-
Rib’
Tertian fever
Auja-ut-Tihal Spleenalgia
Auja-ul-Kabid
Harah aur
deegar Amraz-
e-Kabid
Hepatalgia
due to heat
and other
disease of
Liver
Khafqan
bawajah
Imtila and
Hararat
Palpitation
due to
congestion and
Heat
29. Qutn()قطن Lumbar Region
Niqras Gout
Bawaseer Haemorrhoid
Da-ul-fel Filaria
Damamel-e-Fakhiz Boil’s of Thigh
Busur-e-Fakhiz Papules of Thigh
Jarb-e-Fakhiz Pruritis of Thigh
Hikkat-ul-Zahr Pruritis of Back
Riyah-ul-Masanah
and Raham
Emphysema of The
Bladder of Uterus
30. Warikain(کینر)و Hip
Warm-e-Rahm Metritis
Warm-e-Unsiyain Oophritis
Hikaa-e-Rehm Pruritus Uteri
Badbu-e-Rehm Offensive smell of Uterus
Bail-ul-Dam Haematuria
Harqat-ul-Baul Burning Micturation
Hararat-ul-Kulyatain Heat of The kidney
Bawaser Haemorrhoid
Warm-e-Maq’ad Proctitis
Zarban-e-Maq’ad Anal Throbbing
Sailan-ul-Dam-min-Afwah-
il-Uruq
Hemorrhage from the
opening of the blood vessels
Nazf-ul-Dam Hemorrhage
Damamel-e-Fakhzain Boils of thigh
31. Us’us()عصعص Coccyx
Bawaseer Haemorrhoid
Sailan-ul-Dam-min-al-
Maq’ad
Anal Haemorrhage
Warm-e-Unsayain oophritis
Hikkat-ul-Farj Pruritus vulvae
Natan-ul-Farj Offensive smell of
Vagina
Baul-ul-Dam Haematuria
Hirqat-ul-Baul Burning micturation
Harat-ul-Kulliyatain Heat of Kidney
Zarren Jism ke Zakhm Wound of the lower
part of the body
32. Zahr-ul-Fakhiz()فخذین Dorsal Aspect of Thigh
Warm-e-
Khusiyah
Orchitis
Warm-e-Rehm Metritis
Sailan-ul-Dam-
min-al-Rehm
Uterine
Haemorrhage
Quruh-e-
mutaffina-fil
Saaq
Infective Ulcer
of shank
(Varicose Ulcer)
Sailan-ul-Dam-
min-Afwah-il-
Uruq
Hemorrhage
from the
opening of the
blood Vessels
33. Batan-al-Fakhiz( فخذین ) Ventral Aspect of Thigh
Bawaseer Haemorrhoid
Shiqaq-e-Maq’ad Fissure in Ano
Warm-e-Khusiya Orchitis
Warm-e-Rehm Metritis
Sailan-ul-Dam min –a-
rehm
Uterine Hemorrhage
Quruh-e-mot’affinah
fil saq
Infective ulcer of
Shank
Sailan-ul-Dam min
Afwah-il-Uruq
Hemorrhage of the
opening of blood
vessels