International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development is an international premier peer reviewed open access engineering and technology journal promoting the discovery, innovation, advancement and dissemination of basic and transitional knowledge in engineering, technology and related disciplines.
The document derives the Navier-Stokes equation, which describes the motion of viscous fluid substances like liquids and gases. It starts from Euler's equation that describes ideal, inviscid fluids and introduces a stress tensor to account for viscous forces. Applying Newton's laws of motion to a small fluid element leads to the general equation of motion containing the stress tensor. For Newtonian fluids, which include water and gases, the stress-strain relationship is linear, allowing the derivation of the Navier-Stokes equation. Non-Newtonian fluids like ketchup do not follow this simple linear relationship. Dimensional analysis allows writing the Navier-Stokes equation in a non-dimensional form containing the Reynolds number.
Methods to determine pressure drop in an evaporator or a condenserTony Yen
This articles aims to explain how one can relatively easily calculate the pressure drop within a condenser or an evaporator, where two-phase flow occurs and the Navier-Stokes equation becomes very tedious.
All of material inside is un-licence, kindly use it for educational only but please do not to commercialize it.
Based on 'ilman nafi'an, hopefully this file beneficially for you.
Thank you.
The use of Calculus is very important in every aspects of engineering.
The use of Differential equation is very much applied in the concept of Elastic beams.
The document discusses applications of first order differential equations. It provides examples in several domains:
1) Cooling/warming laws can be modeled using differential equations, like the temperature of cooling coffee over time.
2) Population growth and decay models use differential equations, like calculating time for a population to double at a growth rate.
3) Determining geometric properties of curves can involve solving differential equations, like finding the equation of a curve based on its tangent slope.
4) Applications also include radioactive decay, electrical circuits, mixture of solutions, and modeling motion. First order differential equations have widespread uses in physics, statistics, chemistry, engineering, and other fields.
This document provides an overview of analyzing slender structural members like rods, beams, shafts and columns. It outlines the basic logical steps to follow: 1) Make general and problem-specific modeling assumptions for geometry, loading, deformation and boundary conditions. 2) Apply the appropriate governing equations from elasticity. 3) Use an exact analytical or approximate numerical solution method. It then provides more details on modeling assumptions and solving for stresses and deflections in rods under axial loading as an example.
Strong convexity on gradient descent and newton's methodSEMINARGROOT
Gradient descent is an optimization algorithm used to find local minima of differentiable functions. It works by taking steps in the negative direction of the gradient of the function at the current point. Newton's method approximates the function using a second-order Taylor expansion and finds the minimum of the quadratic approximation to determine the next step. The gradient descent step size can be shown to decrease the function value when the function is strongly convex or satisfies the Lipschitz condition.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development is an international premier peer reviewed open access engineering and technology journal promoting the discovery, innovation, advancement and dissemination of basic and transitional knowledge in engineering, technology and related disciplines.
The document derives the Navier-Stokes equation, which describes the motion of viscous fluid substances like liquids and gases. It starts from Euler's equation that describes ideal, inviscid fluids and introduces a stress tensor to account for viscous forces. Applying Newton's laws of motion to a small fluid element leads to the general equation of motion containing the stress tensor. For Newtonian fluids, which include water and gases, the stress-strain relationship is linear, allowing the derivation of the Navier-Stokes equation. Non-Newtonian fluids like ketchup do not follow this simple linear relationship. Dimensional analysis allows writing the Navier-Stokes equation in a non-dimensional form containing the Reynolds number.
Methods to determine pressure drop in an evaporator or a condenserTony Yen
This articles aims to explain how one can relatively easily calculate the pressure drop within a condenser or an evaporator, where two-phase flow occurs and the Navier-Stokes equation becomes very tedious.
All of material inside is un-licence, kindly use it for educational only but please do not to commercialize it.
Based on 'ilman nafi'an, hopefully this file beneficially for you.
Thank you.
The use of Calculus is very important in every aspects of engineering.
The use of Differential equation is very much applied in the concept of Elastic beams.
The document discusses applications of first order differential equations. It provides examples in several domains:
1) Cooling/warming laws can be modeled using differential equations, like the temperature of cooling coffee over time.
2) Population growth and decay models use differential equations, like calculating time for a population to double at a growth rate.
3) Determining geometric properties of curves can involve solving differential equations, like finding the equation of a curve based on its tangent slope.
4) Applications also include radioactive decay, electrical circuits, mixture of solutions, and modeling motion. First order differential equations have widespread uses in physics, statistics, chemistry, engineering, and other fields.
This document provides an overview of analyzing slender structural members like rods, beams, shafts and columns. It outlines the basic logical steps to follow: 1) Make general and problem-specific modeling assumptions for geometry, loading, deformation and boundary conditions. 2) Apply the appropriate governing equations from elasticity. 3) Use an exact analytical or approximate numerical solution method. It then provides more details on modeling assumptions and solving for stresses and deflections in rods under axial loading as an example.
Strong convexity on gradient descent and newton's methodSEMINARGROOT
Gradient descent is an optimization algorithm used to find local minima of differentiable functions. It works by taking steps in the negative direction of the gradient of the function at the current point. Newton's method approximates the function using a second-order Taylor expansion and finds the minimum of the quadratic approximation to determine the next step. The gradient descent step size can be shown to decrease the function value when the function is strongly convex or satisfies the Lipschitz condition.
This document provides an introduction to series and sequences. It discusses key concepts such as convergence vs divergence of sequences and series. Specifically, it defines what an infinite sum is, absolute vs conditional convergence, and common tests to determine convergence like the integral test and alternating series test. It also introduces the big-O, little-o, and big-Theta notations used to compare the growth or decay rates of sequences. The overall goal is to establish an understanding of convergence of series before delving into numerical analysis applications that make use of infinite series like Taylor and Fourier series.
This document discusses elastic constants in isotropic materials. It defines four elastic constants: modulus of elasticity (E), Poisson's ratio (ν), shear modulus (G), and bulk modulus (K). It provides formulas for the relationships between these constants, specifically that K=E/3(1-2ν) and G=E/2(1+ν). An example problem is shown to calculate E and ν for a prismatic specimen under uniaxial loading. Various elastic properties of common materials like metals and composites are also listed.
This document compares the Bernoulli-Euler beam theory and Timoshenko beam theory. [1] The Timoshenko beam theory accounts for transverse shear deformation, which the classical Bernoulli-Euler theory neglects. [2] The finite element models of the two theories are derived, with the Timoshenko model having a larger stiffness matrix that accounts for the additional degree of freedom from shear deformation. [3] An example problem of a simply supported beam is solved analytically and using finite elements to demonstrate the difference between the two theories.
The document discusses different stress and failure criteria used to analyze materials. It describes the Tresca, Von Mises, and Rankine criteria, which use maximum shear stress, equivalent deviatoric strain energy, and limits on principal stresses respectively to determine failure. The Von Mises criterion applies best to isotropic ductile metals, while Tresca and Rankine criteria can also be used for such materials. Rankine is more suitable for low-cohesion materials like ceramics. The appropriate criterion depends on the material properties.
The document provides examples of direct and inverse variations and instructions on how to translate statements of direct and inverse variation into mathematical equations using a constant of variation k. It also gives problems to solve for the indicated variable in various scenarios involving direct and inverse variation.
The document discusses the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, which was established in the 18th century and makes two key assumptions: 1) material behaves linearly elastic according to Hooke's law, and 2) plane cross sections remain plane and perpendicular to the neutral axis during bending. The theory derives the differential equation governing beam bending as EIy(d4w/dx4)=qz based on equations of equilibrium, strain-displacement relationships, and stress-strain behavior. It also provides the general solution of the differential equation, indicating the displaced shape of a beam under uniform load is a fourth-order polynomial.
1) When a load is applied suddenly to a structural member, the maximum instantaneous stress can be calculated as the stress equal to twice the applied load divided by the cross-sectional area.
2) The strain energy due to shock or sudden loading is equal to the stress squared times the cross-sectional area times the length, divided by two times the Young's modulus.
3) The strain energy due to shear loading is given by tau (the shear stress) squared times the volume, divided by two times the shear modulus.
This document discusses Hooke's law, which states that the force (F) needed to extend or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement (x) of the spring from its resting position. F = kx, where k is the spring constant. It provides examples of calculating the total extension of springs connected in series or in parallel. For springs in series, the total extension is the sum of the individual extensions. For springs in parallel, the total extension is the average of the individual extensions.
The document discusses direct variation equations and examples of finding the constant of variation and slope from equations relating two variables. It provides examples of identifying the constant of variation from equations, finding the slope, and writing direct variation equations. It also includes an example of graphing a direct variation equation.
Joint variation is when one quantity varies proportionally with two or more other quantities. Some key points:
- Joint variation can be represented by an equation of the form y = kxz, where y varies jointly as x and z with k as the constant of variation.
- Examples include the cost of pencils varying jointly with the number bought, and the area of a triangle varying jointly with its base and height.
- To solve a joint variation problem, the equation is set up and the constant of variation is determined using given values to find the value of the variable for a new set of quantities.
- Joint variation has many real world applications like the force on an object varying jointly with its
Principale of super position and maxwell reciprocal therom KEVINMISTRY8
1. The principle of superposition states that the displacements or deflections caused by individual loads or forces acting on a structure can be added to determine the total displacement caused by all loads acting together.
2. Maxwell's reciprocal theorem states that the deflection at one point on a structure due to a unit load at another point is equal to the deflection at the second point due to a unit load at the first point.
3. Betti's law states that the virtual work done by one system of forces during displacements caused by a second system of forces is equal to the virtual work done by the second system of forces during displacements caused by the first system of forces.
This document summarizes the solution to a problem involving a sliding ladder losing contact with a wall. It finds that:
1) By assuming the ladder's center of mass moves in a circular path, the ladder loses contact when the horizontal speed of the center of mass starts decreasing, where the normal force would become negative.
2) Using conservation of energy equations, it is determined that this occurs when the angle between the ladder and wall reaches 48.2 degrees, independent of the ladder's distribution of mass.
3) The final horizontal speed of the center of mass at this point is the square root of g/3.
This document summarizes W. T. Koiter's lectures on elastic stability theory. It begins with the fundamentals of stability for discrete systems, including definitions of stability. It then covers continuous elastic systems, theorems on stability and instability, the stability limit, equilibrium near the buckling load, and the influence of imperfections. The document applies these concepts to examples like beams, plates, shells, and elastic structures. It was recorded by Arnold van der Heijden from Koiter's last lectures on stability theory.
The document discusses different types of variation between variables:
- Direct variation means y = kx for some constant k.
- Inverse variation means xy = k for some constant k.
- To determine the type of variation, rewrite the equation by solving for y and check the pattern.
- Joint variation means z = kxy, where z varies directly with x and y.
z = kxy
z = -12
z = kxy
z = -84
z = kxy
z = -21
4.
a. Combined means together as a whole.
b. Combined variation is when a quantity varies jointly with respect to the product of two or more variables.
c. The mathematical statement that represents combined variation is a = k(bc) where a varies jointly as b and c multiplied together.
Effect of an Inclined Magnetic Field on Peristaltic Flow of Williamson Fluid ...QUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: This paper deals with the influence ofinclined magnetic field on peristaltic flow of an incompressible Williamson fluid in an inclined channel with heat and mass transfer. Viscous dissipation and Joule heating are taken into consideration.Channel walls have compliant properties. Analysis has been carried out through long wavelength and low Reynolds number approach. Resulting problems are solved for small Weissenberg number. Impacts of variables reflecting the salient features of wall properties, concentration and heat transfer coefficient are pointed out. Trapping phenomenon is also analyzed.
Partial differential equations (PDEs) involve rates of change with respect to continuous variables and are used to model phenomena in infinite-dimensional configuration spaces like fluids. PDEs are generally harder to solve than ordinary differential equations (ODEs) but have simple solutions for linear problems. Classic domains where PDEs are used include acoustics, fluid flow, electrodynamics, and heat transfer. The document gives examples of using PDEs in wave equations to model the transverse vibrations of a stretched string and in transmission line equations to model how electrical current and voltage vary along a wire over time. PDEs can describe a variety of physical phenomena through formalization with multidimensional dynamical systems, similarly to how ODE
Energy rate structures i concepts and unit pricing skarat1993Karthik Sundar
This Certificate of Achievement is awarded to Karthik Sundar for successfully completing the course "Energy Rate Structures I: Concepts and Unit Pricing" on June 30, 2014 with the serial number cd98bcddb2073cf1e92ca813bb6cbf06.
This Certificate of Achievement is awarded to Karthik Sundar for the successful completion of Distributed Generation training. The certificate bears serial number 08 Jul 20149fded8262434250d2d3986b9ad2f828b and was issued on that date.
- The document is a self-assessment report from a student teacher, Regina Moure, about her teaching practicum with intermediate secondary students aged 15-17.
- She found it challenging to teach using prescribed coursebooks as the students had limited listening skills and interaction in English.
- Reflecting on the experience, she realized she should have taken more time to reinforce language outside the coursebook and incorporated current events into lessons.
- Working with teenagers helped her appreciate focusing on student learning over her own preferences and gaining student trust takes time and flexibility.
- Keeping a teaching journal allowed her to reflect deeply and improve her practice based on tutor feedback.
03 09 2012 - El gobernador Javier Duarte de Ochoa asistió al Tercer Informe d...Organización política
El Gobernador de Veracruz, Javier Duarte de Ochoa, acudió al informe de labores de Raúl Arias Lovillo, rector de la Universidad Veracruzana, que se llevó a cabo el 03 de septiembre de 2012, donde expresó que el Gobierno Estatal ratifica su incondicional apoyo a la gran comunidad universitaria para alcanzar sus metas y consolidar sus contribuciones al desarrollo de Veracruz.
El mandatario estatal reconoció que la Máxima Casa de Estudios de Veracruz, tiene un papel fundamental para la construcción de un Estado libre y soberano, ya que esta universidad tiene fundamentos básicos de la sociedad para alcanzar las metas de desarrollo, ya que la educación de calidad es la mejor herramienta para alcanzar el desarrollo y bienestar de todos los veracruzanos.
Javier Duarte de Ochoa felicitó a todos los maestros, investigadores, instructores, técnicos académicos, funcionarios, a los sindicatos, pero sobre todo, a los alumnos, por formar parte de esta institución académica, ya que aquí se forjan los mejores jóvenes que buscan salir adelante por medio de los estudios.
This document provides an introduction to series and sequences. It discusses key concepts such as convergence vs divergence of sequences and series. Specifically, it defines what an infinite sum is, absolute vs conditional convergence, and common tests to determine convergence like the integral test and alternating series test. It also introduces the big-O, little-o, and big-Theta notations used to compare the growth or decay rates of sequences. The overall goal is to establish an understanding of convergence of series before delving into numerical analysis applications that make use of infinite series like Taylor and Fourier series.
This document discusses elastic constants in isotropic materials. It defines four elastic constants: modulus of elasticity (E), Poisson's ratio (ν), shear modulus (G), and bulk modulus (K). It provides formulas for the relationships between these constants, specifically that K=E/3(1-2ν) and G=E/2(1+ν). An example problem is shown to calculate E and ν for a prismatic specimen under uniaxial loading. Various elastic properties of common materials like metals and composites are also listed.
This document compares the Bernoulli-Euler beam theory and Timoshenko beam theory. [1] The Timoshenko beam theory accounts for transverse shear deformation, which the classical Bernoulli-Euler theory neglects. [2] The finite element models of the two theories are derived, with the Timoshenko model having a larger stiffness matrix that accounts for the additional degree of freedom from shear deformation. [3] An example problem of a simply supported beam is solved analytically and using finite elements to demonstrate the difference between the two theories.
The document discusses different stress and failure criteria used to analyze materials. It describes the Tresca, Von Mises, and Rankine criteria, which use maximum shear stress, equivalent deviatoric strain energy, and limits on principal stresses respectively to determine failure. The Von Mises criterion applies best to isotropic ductile metals, while Tresca and Rankine criteria can also be used for such materials. Rankine is more suitable for low-cohesion materials like ceramics. The appropriate criterion depends on the material properties.
The document provides examples of direct and inverse variations and instructions on how to translate statements of direct and inverse variation into mathematical equations using a constant of variation k. It also gives problems to solve for the indicated variable in various scenarios involving direct and inverse variation.
The document discusses the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, which was established in the 18th century and makes two key assumptions: 1) material behaves linearly elastic according to Hooke's law, and 2) plane cross sections remain plane and perpendicular to the neutral axis during bending. The theory derives the differential equation governing beam bending as EIy(d4w/dx4)=qz based on equations of equilibrium, strain-displacement relationships, and stress-strain behavior. It also provides the general solution of the differential equation, indicating the displaced shape of a beam under uniform load is a fourth-order polynomial.
1) When a load is applied suddenly to a structural member, the maximum instantaneous stress can be calculated as the stress equal to twice the applied load divided by the cross-sectional area.
2) The strain energy due to shock or sudden loading is equal to the stress squared times the cross-sectional area times the length, divided by two times the Young's modulus.
3) The strain energy due to shear loading is given by tau (the shear stress) squared times the volume, divided by two times the shear modulus.
This document discusses Hooke's law, which states that the force (F) needed to extend or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement (x) of the spring from its resting position. F = kx, where k is the spring constant. It provides examples of calculating the total extension of springs connected in series or in parallel. For springs in series, the total extension is the sum of the individual extensions. For springs in parallel, the total extension is the average of the individual extensions.
The document discusses direct variation equations and examples of finding the constant of variation and slope from equations relating two variables. It provides examples of identifying the constant of variation from equations, finding the slope, and writing direct variation equations. It also includes an example of graphing a direct variation equation.
Joint variation is when one quantity varies proportionally with two or more other quantities. Some key points:
- Joint variation can be represented by an equation of the form y = kxz, where y varies jointly as x and z with k as the constant of variation.
- Examples include the cost of pencils varying jointly with the number bought, and the area of a triangle varying jointly with its base and height.
- To solve a joint variation problem, the equation is set up and the constant of variation is determined using given values to find the value of the variable for a new set of quantities.
- Joint variation has many real world applications like the force on an object varying jointly with its
Principale of super position and maxwell reciprocal therom KEVINMISTRY8
1. The principle of superposition states that the displacements or deflections caused by individual loads or forces acting on a structure can be added to determine the total displacement caused by all loads acting together.
2. Maxwell's reciprocal theorem states that the deflection at one point on a structure due to a unit load at another point is equal to the deflection at the second point due to a unit load at the first point.
3. Betti's law states that the virtual work done by one system of forces during displacements caused by a second system of forces is equal to the virtual work done by the second system of forces during displacements caused by the first system of forces.
This document summarizes the solution to a problem involving a sliding ladder losing contact with a wall. It finds that:
1) By assuming the ladder's center of mass moves in a circular path, the ladder loses contact when the horizontal speed of the center of mass starts decreasing, where the normal force would become negative.
2) Using conservation of energy equations, it is determined that this occurs when the angle between the ladder and wall reaches 48.2 degrees, independent of the ladder's distribution of mass.
3) The final horizontal speed of the center of mass at this point is the square root of g/3.
This document summarizes W. T. Koiter's lectures on elastic stability theory. It begins with the fundamentals of stability for discrete systems, including definitions of stability. It then covers continuous elastic systems, theorems on stability and instability, the stability limit, equilibrium near the buckling load, and the influence of imperfections. The document applies these concepts to examples like beams, plates, shells, and elastic structures. It was recorded by Arnold van der Heijden from Koiter's last lectures on stability theory.
The document discusses different types of variation between variables:
- Direct variation means y = kx for some constant k.
- Inverse variation means xy = k for some constant k.
- To determine the type of variation, rewrite the equation by solving for y and check the pattern.
- Joint variation means z = kxy, where z varies directly with x and y.
z = kxy
z = -12
z = kxy
z = -84
z = kxy
z = -21
4.
a. Combined means together as a whole.
b. Combined variation is when a quantity varies jointly with respect to the product of two or more variables.
c. The mathematical statement that represents combined variation is a = k(bc) where a varies jointly as b and c multiplied together.
Effect of an Inclined Magnetic Field on Peristaltic Flow of Williamson Fluid ...QUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: This paper deals with the influence ofinclined magnetic field on peristaltic flow of an incompressible Williamson fluid in an inclined channel with heat and mass transfer. Viscous dissipation and Joule heating are taken into consideration.Channel walls have compliant properties. Analysis has been carried out through long wavelength and low Reynolds number approach. Resulting problems are solved for small Weissenberg number. Impacts of variables reflecting the salient features of wall properties, concentration and heat transfer coefficient are pointed out. Trapping phenomenon is also analyzed.
Partial differential equations (PDEs) involve rates of change with respect to continuous variables and are used to model phenomena in infinite-dimensional configuration spaces like fluids. PDEs are generally harder to solve than ordinary differential equations (ODEs) but have simple solutions for linear problems. Classic domains where PDEs are used include acoustics, fluid flow, electrodynamics, and heat transfer. The document gives examples of using PDEs in wave equations to model the transverse vibrations of a stretched string and in transmission line equations to model how electrical current and voltage vary along a wire over time. PDEs can describe a variety of physical phenomena through formalization with multidimensional dynamical systems, similarly to how ODE
Energy rate structures i concepts and unit pricing skarat1993Karthik Sundar
This Certificate of Achievement is awarded to Karthik Sundar for successfully completing the course "Energy Rate Structures I: Concepts and Unit Pricing" on June 30, 2014 with the serial number cd98bcddb2073cf1e92ca813bb6cbf06.
This Certificate of Achievement is awarded to Karthik Sundar for the successful completion of Distributed Generation training. The certificate bears serial number 08 Jul 20149fded8262434250d2d3986b9ad2f828b and was issued on that date.
- The document is a self-assessment report from a student teacher, Regina Moure, about her teaching practicum with intermediate secondary students aged 15-17.
- She found it challenging to teach using prescribed coursebooks as the students had limited listening skills and interaction in English.
- Reflecting on the experience, she realized she should have taken more time to reinforce language outside the coursebook and incorporated current events into lessons.
- Working with teenagers helped her appreciate focusing on student learning over her own preferences and gaining student trust takes time and flexibility.
- Keeping a teaching journal allowed her to reflect deeply and improve her practice based on tutor feedback.
03 09 2012 - El gobernador Javier Duarte de Ochoa asistió al Tercer Informe d...Organización política
El Gobernador de Veracruz, Javier Duarte de Ochoa, acudió al informe de labores de Raúl Arias Lovillo, rector de la Universidad Veracruzana, que se llevó a cabo el 03 de septiembre de 2012, donde expresó que el Gobierno Estatal ratifica su incondicional apoyo a la gran comunidad universitaria para alcanzar sus metas y consolidar sus contribuciones al desarrollo de Veracruz.
El mandatario estatal reconoció que la Máxima Casa de Estudios de Veracruz, tiene un papel fundamental para la construcción de un Estado libre y soberano, ya que esta universidad tiene fundamentos básicos de la sociedad para alcanzar las metas de desarrollo, ya que la educación de calidad es la mejor herramienta para alcanzar el desarrollo y bienestar de todos los veracruzanos.
Javier Duarte de Ochoa felicitó a todos los maestros, investigadores, instructores, técnicos académicos, funcionarios, a los sindicatos, pero sobre todo, a los alumnos, por formar parte de esta institución académica, ya que aquí se forjan los mejores jóvenes que buscan salir adelante por medio de los estudios.
Energy rate structures ii understanding and reducing your bill skarat1993Karthik Sundar
This Certificate of Achievement is awarded to Karthik Sundar for successfully completing the Energy Rate Structures II: Understanding and Reducing Your Bill course on July 1, 2014 with the serial number 3d4867d603c8c5f3d55485e48c6d5c34.
This Certificate of Achievement is awarded to Karthik Sundar for successfully completing a course on Power Factor and Harmonics, as indicated by the serial number and date of 17 May 2014a8956bf2210f20264289b6d3089597f0.
Mindwork Training offers a variety of public and in-house training courses in 2015 covering skills such as sales, negotiation, customer service, human resources, management, leadership, and personal development. Courses are offered in English or Vietnamese with group sizes of 6-25 people. Public courses are 2 million VND per day and held in Ho Chi Minh City, while in-house courses are 22-27 million VND per day depending on trainer nationality. Discounts are available for multiple registrations or early registration. Course topics include communication, problem solving, emotional intelligence, and building effective teams.
Stability of the Equilibrium Position of the Centre of Mass of an Inextensibl...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
This document discusses the programming language Java. It provides information on Java's history including being designed by Sun Microsystems in 1991 and having James Gosling as its creator. It also summarizes key Java concepts like platforms, versions (J2SE, J2EE, J2ME), features like being platform independent, object oriented with classes, objects and inheritance, and core Java principles such as encapsulation, polymorphism and abstraction.
Este documento presenta un cuadro de concretos de una casa que detalla las dimensiones y cantidades de los diferentes elementos estructurales como cimentación, entrepiso, vigas, viguetas, cubierta y escalera. En total se requieren 49.05 metros cúbicos de concreto para la obra, lo que necesita 343.33 bultos de cemento gris, 26.98 metros cúbicos de arena lavada, 41.20 metros cúbicos de gravilla y 7,847.63 litros de agua. El valor total del concreto para la constru
This short document promotes creating presentations using Haiku Deck, a tool for making slideshows. It encourages the reader to get started making their own Haiku Deck presentation and sharing it on SlideShare. In just one sentence, it pitches the idea of using Haiku Deck to easily design slideshows.
Analysis of the Effects of Infectious Disease in a Closed PopulationIJMER
This document analyzes the effects of infectious disease in a closed population using a mathematical model. It considers a drilling rig company in Nigeria with 100 employees who spend 5 months at a time on the rig before being replaced. The model divides the population into susceptible, infected, and removed groups. It investigates how varying the infection and removal rates among new arrivals affects the spread of the disease over time. The analysis shows that increasing the removal rate decreases the number of infected individuals, and decreasing the infection rate also reduces disease spread by lowering the initial number who become infected each period. Maintaining at least 60% of employees available for work at all times is also examined.
This certificate of achievement was awarded to Karthik Sundar for successfully completing an electrical concepts course. The certificate bears the serial number 0658063aa2368bca3130a5b7f992f625 and is dated March 23, 2014.
Moure regina diagnóstico de grupo_secundaria-vistoRegina Moure
Este sistema de niveles y grupos según el nivel de inglés ha permitido agrupar a los alumnos con un mismo nivel lingüístico. Sin embargo, se designa al grupo como "intermedio" a pesar de que los estudiantes no usan habitualmente el inglés en clase y dependen fuertemente del libro de texto. La docente practicante propone conocer mejor a los estudiantes y equilibrar su metodología habitual con los requerimientos del libro, con el fin de mejorar el aprendizaje.
A Comparative Study of Low Cost Solar Based Lighting System and Fuel Based Li...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
Proposal of New Operator in Four-Dimensional Wave EquationIOSR Journals
Four-dimensional equation of a progressive wave is proposed to express wave-criterion in fourdimensional
world. Moreover in this equation a new mechanical operator is obtained.
Thermal instability of incompressible non newtonian viscoelastic fluid with...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Thermal instability of incompressible non newtonian viscoelastic fluid with...eSAT Journals
1) The document summarizes a study on the thermal instability of incompressible, non-Newtonian viscoelastic fluids under the effects of rotation and magnetic fields.
2) Key findings include that rotation has a stabilizing effect on the fluid, while the magnetic field can have both stabilizing and destabilizing effects.
3) The study found that rotation and magnetic fields introduce oscillatory modes into the system that were not present without their effects. Graphs were presented showing the relationships between stability and the rotation and magnetic field parameters.
The document discusses the cosmological constant, vacuum energy, and dark energy. It provides background on general relativity, cosmology, and quantum field theory in curved spacetime. The key points are:
- Dark energy is believed to be the same as the cosmological constant introduced by Einstein and originates from the energy of the quantum vacuum.
- Dark energy accounts for 73% of the universe and is characterized by a negative pressure that does not depend on the scale factor of the universe.
- Calculating the vacuum energy in expanding spacetimes like de Sitter, requires quantum field theory in curved spacetime and results in a vacuum energy that behaves as the Hubble parameter squared.
This document summarizes the vertical and horizontal stability of a beach ball levitated by a vertical jet of air. It finds that:
1) The beach ball reaches an equilibrium height when the upward drag force from the jet is balanced by the downward forces of gravity and pressure.
2) The equilibrium is vertically stable if the jet is reasonably well collimated and the beach ball is above a minimum height set by its radius.
3) The equilibrium can be horizontally unstable if the beach ball is very far above the jet nozzle. However, within a reasonable range above the nozzle, the model predicts horizontal stability.
This document discusses inverting the Dirac equation for the vector potential in the non-abelian SU(2) case. It first reviews the abelian U(1) case and shows how the vector potential can be written as a rational expression of Dirac bispinor current densities. For the non-abelian SU(2) case, the Dirac equation is set up for an SU(2) doublet spinor. An "isospin-charge conjugation" operator is defined to make the gauge potential covariant, but inverting the equation only yields the vector potential as a Neumann series involving Pauli scalar and vector current densities. Fierz identities are also derived to express skew tensor current densities solely in terms of
This course covers advanced quantum mechanics for graduate students. It aims to help students gain a deeper foundation in quantum mechanics through topics like the Schrödinger equation, particle in a box, harmonic oscillator, hydrogen atom, angular momentum, and approximation methods. The key objectives are to understand quantum theory and apply it to important physical systems, and recognize the necessity of quantum methods in atomic and nuclear physics. Some specific topics covered include the wave function, Born's statistical interpretation, probability, normalization, momentum, uncertainty principle, and the time-dependent and time-independent Schrödinger equations.
- The document discusses the 4/3 problem as it relates to the gravitational field of a uniform massive ball moving at constant velocity.
- It derives expressions for the gravitational field potentials both inside and outside the moving ball using the superposition principle and Lorentz transformations.
- Calculations show that the effective mass of the gravitational field found from the field energy does not equal the effective mass found from the field momentum, with a ratio of approximately 4/3, demonstrating that the 4/3 problem exists for gravitational fields as it does for electromagnetic fields.
Dr. Arpan Bhattacharyya (Indian Institute Of Science, Bangalore)Rene Kotze
1. The document discusses entanglement entropy functionals for higher derivative gravity theories. It proposes new area functionals for computing entanglement entropy in higher derivative theories containing polynomials of curvature tensors.
2. These functionals are derived using the Lewkowycz-Maldacena interpretation of generalized entropy. However, attempting to derive the extremal surface equations from these functionals using bulk equations of motion leads to inconsistencies and ambiguities in some higher derivative theories like Gauss-Bonnet gravity.
3. The document suggests that the source of ambiguity lies in the limiting procedure used to extract the divergences near the conical singularity. Different limiting paths can lead to different extremal surface equations, indicating no unique prescription
This document discusses the application of vector integration in various domains. It begins by defining vector calculus concepts like del, gradient, curl, and divergence. It then presents several theorems of vector integration. Next, it explains how vector integration can be used to find the rate of change of fluid mass and analyze fluid circulation, vorticity, and the Bjerknes Circulation Theorem regarding sea breezes. It also discusses using vector calculus concepts in electricity and magnetism.
Quantum-Gravity Thermodynamics, Incorporating the Theory of Exactly Soluble Active Stochastic Processes, with Applications
by Daley, K.
Published in IJTP in 2009. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009IJTP..tmp...67D
This document provides an overview of the Schrodinger wave equation, including:
1) It describes the derivation of the time-dependent Schrodinger wave equation based on what is known about the wave function of a particle.
2) It explains that the time-dependent equation can be used to derive the time-independent Schrodinger equation by assuming the wave function separates into spatial and temporal factors.
3) It notes that for the wave function to be physically acceptable, the energy values inserted into the time-independent equation must be quantized to satisfy normalization conditions on the wave function.
Galadriel's Mirror uses transformation optics to mimic a curved spacetime that allows for closed timelike curves, enabling time travel. The presentation discusses:
1) Using a curved spacetime metric from general relativity that allows time travel, even if not physically realistic. Transformation optics can then create an equivalent material.
2) A curved spacetime example that tips light cones, making a path that circles the angular direction both null and closed, enabling light to travel in time.
3) The proposed mirror material would use this curved spacetime, curving light along a closed null curve that takes it into the past, allowing users to see into the future or past through the mirror.
This document describes Evan Foley's senior research paper on simulating solitons of the sine-Gordon equation using variational approximations and Hamiltonian principles. It provides background on solitons and Hamilton's principle. It then applies a variational approximation method to the Korteweg-de Vries equation and modified Korteweg-de Vries equation, obtaining traveling wave solutions that closely match the exact solutions. This method is then extended to the sine-Gordon equation using Gaussian and odd oriented Gaussian trial functions to obtain both traveling wave and dynamic solutions.
Group velocity and phase velocity are different velocities that describe wave propagation. Phase velocity defines the velocity at which the phase of a wave propagates in space. Group velocity describes how a modulation or "group" of waves propagates. It can be shown that for a lossless medium, the group velocity equals the energy velocity, which is normal to the slowness surface. The relations between group velocity, phase velocity, and the slowness surface are illustrated using diagrams.
This document is a lecture presentation on electromagnetic fields from the Circuit and Electromagnetic Co-Design Lab at the National Institute of Technology in Rourkela, India. The presentation covers topics like the Helmholtz equation, plane wave solutions in lossless and lossy media, and general plane wave solutions. It derives the wave equation and explores plane wave solutions in various material types, including good conductors. It also examines the wave vector, Poynting vector, and relationships between the electric and magnetic fields for plane wave solutions.
Paul Dirac developed an equation to describe the dynamics of electrons in a way that was consistent with both special relativity and quantum mechanics. His equation predicted the existence of positrons - particles identical to electrons but with the opposite charge. Dirac's equation allowed for negative energy solutions, which he interpreted as occupied states in a "Dirac sea". Unoccupied positive energy states could be described as holes in the sea, behaving as positively charged particles, which came to be known as positrons. Dirac's prediction was confirmed in 1932 when Carl Anderson discovered the positron through his experiments with cosmic rays.
[Vvedensky d.] group_theory,_problems_and_solution(book_fi.org)Dabe Milli
1) The document discusses problems related to group theory.
2) Problem 1 shows that the wave equation for light propagation is invariant under Lorentz transformations.
3) Problem 2 shows that the Schrodinger equation is invariant under a global phase change of the wavefunction, and uses Noether's theorem to show the conservation of probability.
The WKB approximation is a method to find approximate solutions to the Schrodinger equation. It was developed in 1926 by Wentzel, Kramer, and Brillouin. The approximation assumes the wavefunction is an exponentially varying function with amplitude and phase that change slowly compared to the de Broglie wavelength. It can be used to obtain approximate solutions and energy eigenvalues for systems where the classical limit is valid. The approximation breaks down near classical turning points where the particle's energy is equal to the potential energy. The document provides examples of using the WKB approximation to solve the time-independent Schrodinger equation in one dimension for cases where the particle's energy is both greater than and less than the potential energy.
Exact Bound State Solution of Qdeformed Woods-Saxon Plus Modified Coulomb Pot...ijrap
In this work, we obtained an exact solution to Schrodinger equation using q-deformed Woods-Saxon plus
modified Coulomb potential Using conventional Nikiforov-Uvarov method. We also obtained the energy
eigen value and its associated total wave function . This potential with some suitable conditions reduces to
two well known potentials namely: the Yukawa and coulomb potential. Finally, we obtained the numerical
results for energy eigen value with different values of q as dimensionless parameter. The result shows that
the values of the energies for different quantum number(n) is negative(bound state condition) and increases
with an increase in the value of the dimensionless parameter(arbitrary constant). The graph in figure (1)
shows the different energy levels for a particular quantum number.
Similar to An Introductory Comment on Wave Relativity (20)
A Study on Translucent Concrete Product and Its Properties by Using Optical F...IJMER
- Translucent concrete is a concrete based material with light-transferring properties,
obtained due to embedded light optical elements like Optical fibers used in concrete. Light is conducted
through the concrete from one end to the other. This results into a certain light pattern on the other
surface, depending on the fiber structure. Optical fibers transmit light so effectively that there is
virtually no loss of light conducted through the fibers. This paper deals with the modeling of such
translucent or transparent concrete blocks and panel and their usage and also the advantages it brings
in the field. The main purpose is to use sunlight as a light source to reduce the power consumption of
illumination and to use the optical fiber to sense the stress of structures and also use this concrete as an
architectural purpose of the building
Developing Cost Effective Automation for Cotton Seed DelintingIJMER
A low cost automation system for removal of lint from cottonseed is to be designed and
developed. The setup consists of stainless steel drum with stirrer in which cottonseeds having lint is mixed
with concentrated sulphuric acid. So lint will get burn. This lint free cottonseed treated with lime water to
neutralize acidic nature. After water washing this cottonseeds are used for agriculter purpose
Study & Testing Of Bio-Composite Material Based On Munja FibreIJMER
The incorporation of natural fibres such as munja fiber composites has gained
increasing applications both in many areas of Engineering and Technology. The aim of this study is to
evaluate mechanical properties such as flexural and tensile properties of reinforced epoxy composites.
This is mainly due to their applicable benefits as they are light weight and offer low cost compared to
synthetic fibre composites. Munja fibres recently have been a substitute material in many weight-critical
applications in areas such as aerospace, automotive and other high demanding industrial sectors. In
this study, natural munja fibre composites and munja/fibreglass hybrid composites were fabricated by a
combination of hand lay-up and cold-press methods. A new variety in munja fibre is the present work
the main aim of the work is to extract the neat fibre and is characterized for its flexural characteristics.
The composites are fabricated by reinforcing untreated and treated fibre and are tested for their
mechanical, properties strictly as per ASTM procedures.
Hybrid Engine (Stirling Engine + IC Engine + Electric Motor)IJMER
Hybrid engine is a combination of Stirling engine, IC engine and Electric motor. All these 3 are
connected together to a single shaft. The power source of the Stirling engine will be a Solar Panel. The aim of
this is to run the automobile using a Hybrid engine
Fabrication & Characterization of Bio Composite Materials Based On Sunnhemp F...IJMER
This document summarizes research on the fabrication and characterization of bio-composite materials using sunnhemp fibre. The document discusses how sunnhemp fibre was used to reinforce an epoxy matrix through hand lay-up methods. Various mechanical properties of the bio-composites were tested, including tensile, flexural, and impact properties. The results of the mechanical tests on the bio-composite specimens are presented. Potential applications of the sunnhemp fibre bio-composites are also suggested, such as in fall ceilings, partitions, packaging, automotive interiors, and toys.
Geochemistry and Genesis of Kammatturu Iron Ores of Devagiri Formation, Sandu...IJMER
The Greenstone belts of Karnataka are enriched in BIFs in Dharwar craton, where Iron
formations are confined to the basin shelf, clearly separated from the deeper-water iron formation that
accumulated at the basin margin and flanking the marine basin. Geochemical data procured in terms of
major, trace and REE are plotted in various diagrams to interpret the genesis of BIFs. Al2O3, Fe2O3 (T),
TiO2, CaO, and SiO2 abundances and ratios show a wide variation. Ni, Co, Zr, Sc, V, Rb, Sr, U, Th,
ΣREE, La, Ce and Eu anomalies and their binary relationships indicate that wherever the terrigenous
component has increased, the concentration of elements of felsic such as Zr and Hf has gone up. Elevated
concentrations of Ni, Co and Sc are contributed by chlorite and other components characteristic of basic
volcanic debris. The data suggest that these formations were generated by chemical and clastic
sedimentary processes on a shallow shelf. During transgression, chemical precipitation took place at the
sediment-water interface, whereas at the time of regression. Iron ore formed with sedimentary structures
and textures in Kammatturu area, in a setting where the water column was oxygenated.
Experimental Investigation on Characteristic Study of the Carbon Steel C45 in...IJMER
In this paper, the mechanical characteristics of C45 medium carbon steel are investigated
under various working conditions. The main characteristic to be studied on this paper is impact toughness
of the material with different configurations and the experiment were carried out on charpy impact testing
equipment. This study reveals the ability of the material to absorb energy up to failure for various
specimen configurations under different heat treated conditions and the corresponding results were
compared with the analysis outcome
Non linear analysis of Robot Gun Support Structure using Equivalent Dynamic A...IJMER
Robot guns are being increasingly employed in automotive manufacturing to replace
risky jobs and also to increase productivity. Using a single robot for a single operation proves to be
expensive. Hence for cost optimization, multiple guns are mounted on a single robot and multiple
operations are performed. Robot Gun structure is an efficient way in which multiple welds can be done
simultaneously. However mounting several weld guns on a single structure induces a variety of
dynamic loads, especially during movement of the robot arm as it maneuvers to reach the weld
locations. The primary idea employed in this paper, is to model those dynamic loads as equivalent G
force loads in FEA. This approach will be on the conservative side, and will be saving time and
subsequently cost efficient. The approach of the paper is towards creating a standard operating
procedure when it comes to analysis of such structures, with emphasis on deploying various technical
aspects of FEA such as Non Linear Geometry, Multipoint Constraint Contact Algorithm, Multizone
meshing .
Static Analysis of Go-Kart Chassis by Analytical and Solid Works SimulationIJMER
This paper aims to do modelling, simulation and performing the static analysis of a go
kart chassis consisting of Circular beams. Modelling, simulations and analysis are performed using 3-D
modelling software i.e. Solid Works and ANSYS according to the rulebook provided by Indian Society of
New Era Engineers (ISNEE) for National Go Kart Championship (NGKC-14).The maximum deflection is
determined by performing static analysis. Computed results are then compared to analytical calculation,
where it is found that the location of maximum deflection agrees well with theoretical approximation but
varies on magnitude aspect.
In récent year various vehicle introduced in market but due to limitation in
carbon émission and BS Séries limitd speed availability vehicle in the market and causing of
environnent pollution over few year There is need to decrease dependancy on fuel vehicle.
bicycle is to be modified for optional in the future To implement new technique using change in
pedal assembly and variable speed gearbox such as planetary gear optimise speed of vehicle
with variable speed ratio.To increase the efficiency of bicycle for confortable drive and to
reduce torque appli éd on bicycle. we introduced epicyclic gear box in which transmission done
throgh Chain Drive (i.e. Sprocket )to rear wheel with help of Epicyclical gear Box to give
number of différent Speed during driving.To reduce torque requirent in the cycle with change in
the pedal mechanism
Integration of Struts & Spring & Hibernate for Enterprise ApplicationsIJMER
This document discusses integrating the Spring, Struts, and Hibernate frameworks to develop enterprise applications. It provides an overview of each framework and their features. The Spring Framework is a lightweight, modular framework that allows for inversion of control and aspect-oriented programming. It can be used to develop any or all tiers of an application. The document proposes an architecture for an e-commerce website that integrates these three frameworks, with Spring handling the business layer, Struts the presentation layer, and Hibernate the data access layer. This modular approach allows for clear separation of concerns and reduces complexity in application development.
Microcontroller Based Automatic Sprinkler Irrigation SystemIJMER
Microcontroller based Automatic Sprinkler System is a new concept of using
intelligence power of embedded technology in the sprinkler irrigation work. Designed system replaces
the conventional manual work involved in sprinkler irrigation to automatic process. Using this system a
farmer is protected against adverse inhuman weather conditions, tedious work of changing over of
sprinkler water pipe lines & risk of accident due to high pressure in the water pipe line. Overall
sprinkler irrigation work is transformed in to a comfortableautomatic work. This system provides
flexibility & accuracy in respect of time set for the operation of a sprinkler water pipe lines. In present
work the author has designed and developed an automatic sprinkler irrigation system which is
controlled and monitored by a microcontroller interfaced with solenoid valves.
On some locally closed sets and spaces in Ideal Topological SpacesIJMER
This document introduces and studies the concept of δˆ s-locally closed sets in ideal topological spaces. Some key points:
- A subset A is δˆ s-locally closed if A can be written as the intersection of a δˆ s-open set and a δˆ s-closed set.
- Various properties of δˆ s-locally closed sets are introduced and characterized, including relationships to other concepts like generalized locally closed sets.
- It is shown that a subset A is δˆ s-locally closed if and only if A can be written as the intersection of a δˆ s-open set and the δˆ s-closure of A.
- Theore
Intrusion Detection and Forensics based on decision tree and Association rule...IJMER
This paper present an approach based on the combination of, two techniques using
decision tree and Association rule mining for Probe attack detection. This approach proves to be
better than the traditional approach of generating rules for fuzzy expert system by clustering methods.
Association rule mining for selecting the best attributes together and decision tree for identifying the
best parameters together to create the rules for fuzzy expert system. After that rules for fuzzy expert
system are generated using association rule mining and decision trees. Decision trees is generated for
dataset and to find the basic parameters for creating the membership functions of fuzzy inference
system. Membership functions are generated for the probe attack. Based on these rules we have
created the fuzzy inference system that is used as an input to neuro-fuzzy system. Fuzzy inference
system is loaded to neuro-fuzzy toolbox as an input and the final ANFIS structure is generated for
outcome of neuro-fuzzy approach. The experiments and evaluations of the proposed method were
done with NSL-KDD intrusion detection dataset. As the experimental results, the proposed approach
based on the combination of, two techniques using decision tree and Association rule mining
efficiently detected probe attacks. Experimental results shows better results for detecting intrusions as
compared to others existing methods
Natural Language Ambiguity and its Effect on Machine LearningIJMER
This document discusses natural language ambiguity and its effect on machine learning. It begins by introducing different types of ambiguity that exist in natural languages, including lexical, syntactic, semantic, discourse, and pragmatic ambiguities. It then examines how these ambiguities present challenges for computational linguistics and machine translation systems. Specifically, it notes that ambiguity is a major problem for computers in processing human language as they lack the world knowledge and context that humans use to resolve ambiguities. The document concludes by outlining the typical process of machine translation and how ambiguities can interfere with tasks like analysis, transfer, and generation of text in the target language.
Today in era of software industry there is no perfect software framework available for
analysis and software development. Currently there are enormous number of software development
process exists which can be implemented to stabilize the process of developing a software system. But no
perfect system is recognized till yet which can help software developers for opting of best software
development process. This paper present the framework of skillful system combined with Likert scale. With
the help of Likert scale we define a rule based model and delegate some mass score to every process and
develop one tool name as MuxSet which will help the software developers to select an appropriate
development process that may enhance the probability of system success.
Material Parameter and Effect of Thermal Load on Functionally Graded CylindersIJMER
The present study investigates the creep in a thick-walled composite cylinders made
up of aluminum/aluminum alloy matrix and reinforced with silicon carbide particles. The distribution
of SiCp is assumed to be either uniform or decreasing linearly from the inner to the outer radius of
the cylinder. The creep behavior of the cylinder has been described by threshold stress based creep
law with a stress exponent of 5. The composite cylinders are subjected to internal pressure which is
applied gradually and steady state condition of stress is assumed. The creep parameters required to
be used in creep law, are extracted by conducting regression analysis on the available experimental
results. The mathematical models have been developed to describe steady state creep in the composite
cylinder by using von-Mises criterion. Regression analysis is used to obtain the creep parameters
required in the study. The basic equilibrium equation of the cylinder and other constitutive equations
have been solved to obtain creep stresses in the cylinder. The effect of varying particle size, particle
content and temperature on the stresses in the composite cylinder has been analyzed. The study
revealed that the stress distributions in the cylinder do not vary significantly for various combinations
of particle size, particle content and operating temperature except for slight variation observed for
varying particle content. Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) emerged and led to the development
of superior heat resistant materials.
Energy Audit is the systematic process for finding out the energy conservation
opportunities in industrial processes. The project carried out studies on various energy conservation
measures application in areas like lighting, motors, compressors, transformer, ventilation system etc.
In this investigation, studied the technical aspects of the various measures along with its cost benefit
analysis.
Investigation found that major areas of energy conservation are-
1. Energy efficient lighting schemes.
2. Use of electronic ballast instead of copper ballast.
3. Use of wind ventilators for ventilation.
4. Use of VFD for compressor.
5. Transparent roofing sheets to reduce energy consumption.
So Energy Audit is the only perfect & analyzed way of meeting the Industrial Energy Conservation.
An Implementation of I2C Slave Interface using Verilog HDLIJMER
This document describes the implementation of an I2C slave interface using Verilog HDL. It introduces the I2C protocol which uses only two bidirectional lines (SDA and SCL) for communication. The document discusses the I2C protocol specifications including start/stop conditions, addressing, read/write operations, and acknowledgements. It then provides details on designing an I2C slave module in Verilog that responds to commands from an I2C master and allows synchronization through clock stretching. The module is simulated in ModelSim and synthesized in Xilinx. Simulation waveforms demonstrate successful read and write operations to the slave device.
Discrete Model of Two Predators competing for One PreyIJMER
This paper investigates the dynamical behavior of a discrete model of one prey two
predator systems. The equilibrium points and their stability are analyzed. Time series plots are obtained
for different sets of parameter values. Also bifurcation diagrams are plotted to show dynamical behavior
of the system in selected range of growth parameter
"Scaling RAG Applications to serve millions of users", Kevin GoedeckeFwdays
How we managed to grow and scale a RAG application from zero to thousands of users in 7 months. Lessons from technical challenges around managing high load for LLMs, RAGs and Vector databases.
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity serverAntonios Katsarakis
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
This talk will cover ScyllaDB Architecture from the cluster-level view and zoom in on data distribution and internal node architecture. In the process, we will learn the secret sauce used to get ScyllaDB's high availability and superior performance. We will also touch on the upcoming changes to ScyllaDB architecture, moving to strongly consistent metadata and tablets.
The Microsoft 365 Migration Tutorial For Beginner.pptxoperationspcvita
This presentation will help you understand the power of Microsoft 365. However, we have mentioned every productivity app included in Office 365. Additionally, we have suggested the migration situation related to Office 365 and how we can help you.
You can also read: https://www.systoolsgroup.com/updates/office-365-tenant-to-tenant-migration-step-by-step-complete-guide/
inQuba Webinar Mastering Customer Journey Management with Dr Graham HillLizaNolte
HERE IS YOUR WEBINAR CONTENT! 'Mastering Customer Journey Management with Dr. Graham Hill'. We hope you find the webinar recording both insightful and enjoyable.
In this webinar, we explored essential aspects of Customer Journey Management and personalization. Here’s a summary of the key insights and topics discussed:
Key Takeaways:
Understanding the Customer Journey: Dr. Hill emphasized the importance of mapping and understanding the complete customer journey to identify touchpoints and opportunities for improvement.
Personalization Strategies: We discussed how to leverage data and insights to create personalized experiences that resonate with customers.
Technology Integration: Insights were shared on how inQuba’s advanced technology can streamline customer interactions and drive operational efficiency.
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
Northern Engraving | Nameplate Manufacturing Process - 2024Northern Engraving
Manufacturing custom quality metal nameplates and badges involves several standard operations. Processes include sheet prep, lithography, screening, coating, punch press and inspection. All decoration is completed in the flat sheet with adhesive and tooling operations following. The possibilities for creating unique durable nameplates are endless. How will you create your brand identity? We can help!
Discover top-tier mobile app development services, offering innovative solutions for iOS and Android. Enhance your business with custom, user-friendly mobile applications.
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
Must Know Postgres Extension for DBA and Developer during MigrationMydbops
Mydbops Opensource Database Meetup 16
Topic: Must-Know PostgreSQL Extensions for Developers and DBAs During Migration
Speaker: Deepak Mahto, Founder of DataCloudGaze Consulting
Date & Time: 8th June | 10 AM - 1 PM IST
Venue: Bangalore International Centre, Bangalore
Abstract: Discover how PostgreSQL extensions can be your secret weapon! This talk explores how key extensions enhance database capabilities and streamline the migration process for users moving from other relational databases like Oracle.
Key Takeaways:
* Learn about crucial extensions like oracle_fdw, pgtt, and pg_audit that ease migration complexities.
* Gain valuable strategies for implementing these extensions in PostgreSQL to achieve license freedom.
* Discover how these key extensions can empower both developers and DBAs during the migration process.
* Don't miss this chance to gain practical knowledge from an industry expert and stay updated on the latest open-source database trends.
Mydbops Managed Services specializes in taking the pain out of database management while optimizing performance. Since 2015, we have been providing top-notch support and assistance for the top three open-source databases: MySQL, MongoDB, and PostgreSQL.
Our team offers a wide range of services, including assistance, support, consulting, 24/7 operations, and expertise in all relevant technologies. We help organizations improve their database's performance, scalability, efficiency, and availability.
Contact us: info@mydbops.com
Visit: https://www.mydbops.com/
Follow us on LinkedIn: https://in.linkedin.com/company/mydbops
For more details and updates, please follow up the below links.
Meetup Page : https://www.meetup.com/mydbops-databa...
Twitter: https://twitter.com/mydbopsofficial
Blogs: https://www.mydbops.com/blog/
Facebook(Meta): https://www.facebook.com/mydbops/
Connector Corner: Seamlessly power UiPath Apps, GenAI with prebuilt connectorsDianaGray10
Join us to learn how UiPath Apps can directly and easily interact with prebuilt connectors via Integration Service--including Salesforce, ServiceNow, Open GenAI, and more.
The best part is you can achieve this without building a custom workflow! Say goodbye to the hassle of using separate automations to call APIs. By seamlessly integrating within App Studio, you can now easily streamline your workflow, while gaining direct access to our Connector Catalog of popular applications.
We’ll discuss and demo the benefits of UiPath Apps and connectors including:
Creating a compelling user experience for any software, without the limitations of APIs.
Accelerating the app creation process, saving time and effort
Enjoying high-performance CRUD (create, read, update, delete) operations, for
seamless data management.
Speakers:
Russell Alfeche, Technology Leader, RPA at qBotic and UiPath MVP
Charlie Greenberg, host
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...Alex Pruden
Folding is a recent technique for building efficient recursive SNARKs. Several elegant folding protocols have been proposed, such as Nova, Supernova, Hypernova, Protostar, and others. However, all of them rely on an additively homomorphic commitment scheme based on discrete log, and are therefore not post-quantum secure. In this work we present LatticeFold, the first lattice-based folding protocol based on the Module SIS problem. This folding protocol naturally leads to an efficient recursive lattice-based SNARK and an efficient PCD scheme. LatticeFold supports folding low-degree relations, such as R1CS, as well as high-degree relations, such as CCS. The key challenge is to construct a secure folding protocol that works with the Ajtai commitment scheme. The difficulty, is ensuring that extracted witnesses are low norm through many rounds of folding. We present a novel technique using the sumcheck protocol to ensure that extracted witnesses are always low norm no matter how many rounds of folding are used. Our evaluation of the final proof system suggests that it is as performant as Hypernova, while providing post-quantum security.
Paper Link: https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/257
Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte WebinarZilliz
This talk will focus on how to collect data from a variety of sources, leveraging this data for RAG and other GenAI use cases, and finally charting your course to productionalization.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/temporal-event-neural-networks-a-more-efficient-alternative-to-the-transformer-a-presentation-from-brainchip/
Chris Jones, Director of Product Management at BrainChip , presents the “Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transformer” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
The expansion of AI services necessitates enhanced computational capabilities on edge devices. Temporal Event Neural Networks (TENNs), developed by BrainChip, represent a novel and highly efficient state-space network. TENNs demonstrate exceptional proficiency in handling multi-dimensional streaming data, facilitating advancements in object detection, action recognition, speech enhancement and language model/sequence generation. Through the utilization of polynomial-based continuous convolutions, TENNs streamline models, expedite training processes and significantly diminish memory requirements, achieving notable reductions of up to 50x in parameters and 5,000x in energy consumption compared to prevailing methodologies like transformers.
Integration with BrainChip’s Akida neuromorphic hardware IP further enhances TENNs’ capabilities, enabling the realization of highly capable, portable and passively cooled edge devices. This presentation delves into the technical innovations underlying TENNs, presents real-world benchmarks, and elucidates how this cutting-edge approach is positioned to revolutionize edge AI across diverse applications.
“Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transfor...
An Introductory Comment on Wave Relativity
1. www.ijmer.com
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER)
Vol. 3, Issue. 5, Sep - Oct. 2013 pp-3041-3041
ISSN: 2249-6645
An Introductory Comment on Wave Relativity
Umasankar Dolai
Assistant Teacher, Dwarigeria Pry. School, Garhbeta South C.L.R.C., Satbankura-721253, West Bengal, India
ABSTRACT: Wave criterion of special and general relativity can be introduced in this paper. A report can be drawn;
about wave mechanical relativistic idea in it.
Keywords: Four-Dimensional wave Equation, Invariant Quantity, Special and General Relativity, Riemannian and
Euclidean metrics, Summary.
I.
INTRODUCTION
When a wave can travel in a four-dimensional time space continuum, then its wave equation is ◊2ψ=0; where ◊2 is a
mechanical operator and ψ is wave function. Here operator ◊2 = ∂2/∂x21 + ∂2/∂x22 + ∂2/∂x23 + ∂2/∂x24 = ∂2/∂x2 + ∂2/∂y2 + ∂2/∂z2
- 1/c2.∂2/∂t2 ; where c is the velocity of light.
II.
INVARIANT OPERATOR
The special theory of relativity shows that operator ◊2 is invariant under Lorentz transformation i.e. ◊2 = ∂2/∂x2 +
2
2
∂ /∂y + ∂2/∂z2 - 1/c2.∂2/∂t2 = ∂2/∂x´2 + ∂2/∂y´2 + ∂2/∂z´2 - 1/c2.∂2/∂t´2 ; where the equations of Lorentz transformation are :
x´=γ(x-vt), y´=y, z´=z and t´=γ (t-vx/c2); here γ=(1-v2 /c2)- ½ . Thus operator ◊2 be called invariant operator. Obviously the
operator ◊2 can develop a new mode of relativity; then ◊2 may be defined as relativistic operator of this new way of relativity.
So now relativity can be expressed by operator ◊2 in a new mode of algebraic operation.
III.
WAVE INVARIANT QUANTITY
If the both sides of relation ◊2 = ∂2/∂x21 + ∂2/∂x22 + ∂2/∂x23 + ∂2/∂x24 can be multiplied by wave function ψ, then the
formulation ◊2ψ = ∂2ψ/∂x21 + ∂2ψ/∂x22 + ∂2ψ/∂x23 + ∂2ψ/∂x24 is obtained. Now the quantity ◊2ψ may be called wave invariant
quantity. This relation can reveal wave interpretation of Special relativity.
IV.
INTRODUCTORY WAVE RELATIVITY
However it is known that ◊2ψ = ∂2ψ/∂x21 + ∂2ψ/∂x22 + ∂2ψ/∂x23 + ∂2ψ/∂x24 = 0. Moreover this equation can reveal an
idea about special wave relativity. Actually the above formulation can give a real meaning or a real situation of fourdimensional continuum even if ◊2ψ does not vanish. Moreover this situation can make ◊2ψ as a physically meaningful
quantity. It can be done by concept of particular procedure of operator algebra such a way that ◊2ψ is not equal to zero. This
is the actual reality of wave relativity especially general wave relativity.
V.
GENERAL FORM OF WAVE RELATIVITY
If the unit of time can be considered such a way that c=1 and the time t = x4, then the formulation ◊2ψ = ∂2ψ/∂x2 +
2
2
∂ ψ/∂y + ∂2ψ/∂z2 - 1/c2.∂2ψ/∂t2 gives the form ◊2ψ = ∂2ψ/∂x21 + ∂2ψ/∂x22 + ∂2ψ/∂x23 - ∂2ψ/∂x24. It is written in this way that
◊2ψ = ∂/∂x1.∂ψ/∂x1 + ∂/∂x2.∂ψ/∂x2 + ∂/∂x3.∂ψ/∂x3 - ∂/∂x4.∂ψ/∂x4. Now the above metric may be assumed as a general
Riemannian metric of the form ◊2ψ = ∑n=4i,j=1gij ∂ψ/∂xi∂ψ/∂xj ; where g be a symmetric tensor. Here gij = <∂/∂xi,∂/∂xj> being
the coefficients of the above metric form.
VI.
CONCLUSION
Thus the wave invariant ◊2ψ can suggest perfect wave criterion of gravity as well as general wave relativity. The
situation may be expressed by invention of a new proposed operator algebraic system in four-dimensional continuum to
reveal a real and general meaning of ◊2ψ and to define wave relativity. Here special wave relativity is nothing but a specific
situation of general wave relativity where ◊2ψ = 0. i.e. ◊2ψ = ∑n=4i,j=1gij ∂ψ/∂xi∂ψ/∂xj for general wave relativity and ◊2ψ =
∑n=4i,j=1gij ∂ψ/∂xi∂ψ/∂xj = 0 for special wave relativity. However the latter metric form may be considered as a form of
Euclidian metric.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I indebt to thank Mr. Sujoy Pandit, Computer Operator, Sweet Heart, Daspur for his helps to type this paper and to search
information from internet for me.
REFERENCES
[1]
[2]
[3]
U.Dolai, Proposal of New Operator in Four-Dimensional Wave Equation, IOSR journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP), vol.4,
Issue 2, PP 31-32 (Jul.-Aug. 2013).
S. Banerji and A. Banerjee, The Special Theory of Relativity, chapter-2, PP 73,74,75, Published by Asoke K. Ghosh, Prentice –
Hall of India Private Limited, M-97, Connaught Circus, New Delhi-110001 (Third Printing – June, 2006).
A. Einstein, ideas and opinions, PP 283, 284, 308, 309, 350, Rupa Paperback (1979), Twenty – Second Impression (2006).
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