This document provides instruction on identifying and integrating different types of textual evidence in writing. It defines direct quotes, paraphrasing, and summarizing as the three main types of textual evidence. Examples are given for each type along with guidelines on how to accurately utilize them. The objectives are to recognize these forms of evidence and apply them in an essay with a scoring rubric provided.

1. “SING TO
DEFINE”
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2. 2
Instruction: For each words
presented, think of a possible
definition and present it by thinking
of a random tune in singing your
definition for each words.

3. 3
Words to choose:
1.Summary
2.Paraphrasing
3.Evidence
4.Direct Quote
5.In-text
6.Truthful
7.Original

4. Determining
Textual
Evidence

5. 5
Objectives of the lesson:
•Recognize textual evidence and its three types.
•Construct an essay applying the three types of textual
evidence.
•Discuss the importance of integrating textual
evidence in writing formal text.

6. Textual Evidence
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7. What is a Textual Evidence?
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serves as details given by the author in order to
support his/her claims. It reveals the position of
the writer and makes the reading more
interesting.

8. Three Types of
Textual
Evidence
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9. Direct quotes
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serve as a word-for-word transcriptions of
a text extracted from the source. These quotes
are usually demarcated by quotation marks and
is attributed to the author of the original text.

10. Examples:
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Original text: “The only way to do great work is to
love what you do.”‒ Steve Jobs
In-text citation: According to Steve Jobs, “The only
way to do great work is to love what you do” (Jobs,
2005, p.30).

11. Examples:
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Original Text: “Education is the most powerful
weapon which you can use to change the world.”‒
Nelson Mandela
In-text citation: Nelson Mandela once said,
“Education is the most powerful weapon which you
can use to change the world” (Mandela, 1990, p.44).

12. How to accurately utilize direct quotes:
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•Use direct quotes prudently, employing them solely
when the exact wording is indispensable to your
argument.
•Encase the quote in quotation marks and provide an
in-text citation to attribute it to the original author.

13. How to accurately utilize direct quotes:
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•Abstain from modifying the wording of the quote to
fit your sentence structure or to alter its meaning.

14. Paraphrasing
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entails restating a passage or idea from the
original text in your own words.

15. Examples:
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Original text: “The human body is a complex
machine that requires regular maintenance to function
properly.”‒ Healthline
Paraphrase: Healthline suggests that regular
maintenance is necessary for the human body to
function optimally.

16. Examples:
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Original text: “The study found that regular exercise
can reduce the risk of heart disease.”‒ Journal of
Medicine
Paraphrase: According to the Journal of Medicine,
the threat of heart disease can be diminished by
engaging in routine exercise.

17. How to accurately do paraphrasing:
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•Read the original text carefully, apprehending the
meaning of the passage or idea.
•Restate the information, applying your own words
and sentence structure.

18. How to accurately do paraphrasing:
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•Attribute the paraphrase to the original author with
an in-text citation.

19. Try paraphrasing this:
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“Rural teenage girls are at higher risk of getting
pregnant than their urban counterparts and this is
attributed to the fact that rural teenage girls only have
primary-level education, while girls in urban areas are
better educated”- United Nations Population Fund
(UNFPA)

20. Summarizing
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entails detailing the essential aspects of a text
into a more condensed rendition, which can
serve as an overview of a more lengthy
composition or highlight its principal ideas.

21. Examples:
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Original text: In her classic novel, “Pride and Prejudice”, Jane
Austen examines the norms and expectations of 19th century
England, particularly in the area of matrimony.
Summary: Jane Austen’s “Pride and Prejudice” is an exploration
of 19th century England’s social norms and expectations, with a
specific focus on marriage.

22. Examples:
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Original text: The American Civil War was an essential event in
American history with significant, lasting impacts on the nation,
including the end of slavery and the preservation of the Union.
Summary: The American Civil War was a pivotal moment in U.S.
history, leading to the abolition of slavery and the preservation of
the Union.

23. Examples:
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“As a summary, the discussion solely focuses on the
argument that the existing languages in the Philippines
are seen in a marginalized communicative view in
which both…”

24. How to accurately do summarizing:
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•First, carefully read the entire text and determine its
main points or ideas.
•Next, articulate a shorter version of the original text
using your own language, which contains the primary
concepts.

25. How to accurately do summarizing:
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•Finally, attribute the summary to the original author
by incorporating an in-text citation.

26. Integration of the three: Direct Qoutes
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In his famous and influential work, “The Interpretation
of Dreams”, Sigmund Freud argues that dreams are
the “royal road to the unconscious”, expressing in
coded imagery the dreamer’s unfulfilled wishes
through a process known as the “dream work”.

27. Integration of the three: Paraphrasing
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According to Freud, actual but unacceptable desires
are censored internally and subjected to coding
through layers of condensation and displacement
before emerging in a kind of rebus puzzle in the dream
itself.

28. Integration of the three: Summary
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Challenge: Supply a possible summary to
this example short paragraph.

29. Reflection Time
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30. Performance Task Output #3:
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Write an essay on the topic, “The Challenges and
Opportunities of Language Planning in the
Philippines”. In writing your essay, include direct
quotes, paraphrasing, and summarizing in accordance
to the details from an original source which you would
be borrowing to support your own details. The essay
should not be shorter than 500 and should not be
more than 1000 words.

31. Scoring Criteria:
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Content- 30 points
Grammatical Accuracy- 20 points
Inclusion of the types of textual evidence- 30
Presentation of references- 20 points
Total: 100

32. Assignment:
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Research and read details about critical reading as
reasoning. In 5 to 10 sentences, write what you
understood about the topic being researched on a one
half crosswise.
Additional Note: Submission of the output shall be on Friday, May 19, 2023.

33. THANK YOU!
See you on our next meeting.
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