This document summarizes 12 cranial nerves, providing their component (sensory, motor, or mixed), function, opening to the skull, and origin for each nerve. The cranial nerves described are: I) Olfactory nerve, II) Optic nerve, III) Oculomotor nerve, IV) Trochlear nerve, V1-V3) Trigeminal nerve branches, VI) Abducens nerve, VII) Facial nerve, VIII) Vestibulocochlear nerve, IX) Glossopharyngeal nerve, X) Vagus nerve, XI) Accessory nerve, and XII) Hypoglossal nerve.

1. By: Mr. Vipin Chandran

5.  Component: Sensory
 Function: Smell
 Opening to the Skull: Openings in
cribriform plate of ethmoid
 Origin: Olfactory receptor nerve cells

8.  Component: Sensory
 Function: Vision
 Opening to the Skull: Optic Canal
 Origin: Back of the eyeball

11.  Component: Motor
 Function:
 Raises upper eyelid
 Turns eyeball upward, downward and
medially
 Constricts pupil
 Accommodates the eye
 Opening to the Skull: Superior orbital fissure
 Origin: Anterior surface of the midbrain

14.  Component: Motor
 Function: Assisting in turning eyeball
downward and laterally
 Opening to the Skull: Superior orbital fissure
 Origin: Posterior surface of the midbrain

16. 1)V1. Opthalmic nerve
2)V2. Maxillary Nerve
3)V3. Mandibular Nerve

19.  Component: Motor
 Function: Lateral rectus muscle turns eyeball
laterally
 Opening to the Skull: Superior orbital fissure
 Origin: Anterior Surface of hindbrain
between pons and medulla

22.  Component: Mixed
 Function: Touch, pain & thermal sensation,
secretions of tears and saliva.
VII. Facial nerve

25.  Component: Sensory
 Function: Hearing and Equilibrium
VIII. Vestibulocochlear
nerve

28.  Component: Mixed
 Function: Taste, Swallowing, Secretions of
saliva, Monitor BP, O2 & Co2 level in blood.
IX. Glossopharyngeal
nerve

31.  Component: Mixed
 Function: Taste, Swallowing, Vocalization,
Coughing, decrease heart rate, Constriction
of Respiratory passageways.
X. Vagus nerve

34.  Component: Motor
 Function: Movement of head and Pectoral
girdle.
XI. Accessory nerve

37.  Component: Motor
 Function: Speech, Manipulation of food and
Swallowing.
XII. Hypoglossal nerve