This document provides information about various programming languages and concepts. It discusses machine language, assembly language, and high-level languages. It also summarizes translators like assemblers, compilers, and interpreters. Additionally, it covers programming environments, structured programming, and the problem solving process.

1. A.D.PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Name: Harsh .D. Patel
Parth .N. Patel
• Branch: Electronic and Communication
• Batch: B-3
• Enrollment no: 160010111029(T-15)
160010111024(T-23)
• Year: 2016-2017
• Subject: Computer Programming and
Utilization(210003)
• Email-id: hiharshpatel997@gmail.com
parthpatel467878@gmail.com

2. Programming
Languages
Machine
Language
Assembly
Language
High-
level
language
Object
Oriented
Language
Programming Languages
Language is system for communicating. Programming language is a
vocabulary and a set of grammatical rules for instructing computer to
perform specific tasks.

3.  Machine Language
• Machine code or machine language is a set of instructions executed
directly by a CPU.
• Computer don’t understand English, Hindi or Tamil. They respond
only to machine language.
• Machine language are usually referred to as the first generation
language

4. Assembly Language
• It reduced programming complexity and provide
some standardization to built an application.
• It also referred to as the second-generation
programming language.
• In assembly language, the 0s and 1s of machine
language are replaced with abbreviations
mnemonic code.

5. High-level Language
• A high-level programming that enables a
programmer to write programs that are more or
less independent of a particular type of computer.
• Eg :- C, Fortran, Pascal, Cobol etc.
• High-level language code is translate by COMPILER
into machine language.

6. Translator Programs
 A translator is a computer program that performs the translation of a
program written in a given programming language into a functionally
equivalent program in a different computer language, without losing the
functional or logical structure of the original code.
Assembler
InterpreterComplier

7. Assembler
• It’s a computer program which translates assembly
language to an object file or machine language
format.
• Each assembly language is specific to a particular
computer architecture.
• Assembly language may also be called symbolic
machine code.

8. Complier
• A compiler is a computer program (or a set of
programs) that transforms source code written in a
programming language (the source language) into
another computer language (the target language),
with the latter often having a binary form known as
object code.
• Compiler language include COBOL, FORTRAN,
C,C++, etc.

9. Interpreter
• The interpreter is a translation program that
converts each high-level program statement into
the corresponding machine code.
• The commonly used interpreted language is BASIC
and PERL.

10. Programming Environment
A programming environment comprises all those
components that facilitate the development of a
program.
• The following are some of the main categories :-
1. Integrated development environment
2. Debugging tool
3. Memory usage tool

11. Introduction to the Design and Implementation of Correct, Efficient and
Maintainable programs
The design and development of a correct , efficient,
and maintainable program depends on the approach
followed by the programmer.
Analysis phase
Designing
phase
Development
phase
Implementation
and testing

12. Structured Programming
 Structured programming is a programming
paradigm aimed at improving the clarity, quality,
and development time of a computer program by
making extensive use of subroutines, block
structures, for and while loops—in contrast to using
simple tests and jumps such as the go to statement
which could lead to "spaghetti code" causing
difficulty to both follow and maintain.

13. Problem Solving
Problem that can be solved through a computer may
range in size and complexity.
 Problem solving by following steps;
1. Developing the algorithm
2. Drawing the flowchart

14. Thank you