This document discusses posture and techniques for correcting abnormal posture. It describes upper and lower crossed syndromes which are postural issues characterized by problems like shoulder protraction and pelvic tilt. Poor posture can lead to issues like trigger points, breathing problems, and weak immunity. The document provides examples of corrective stretches and strengthening exercises that target specific muscles like the deep neck flexors and scapula. Functional exercises are also recommended along with posture education to help patients maintain proper alignment and avoid prolonged bad postures.

1. Posture
LECTURER: Dr. Leonard H.Joseph
Prepared by: Gee Shuk Huey
Lim Yi Yu
Raidah Hanisa BT Ruslan
Noorliana Binti Masri
Pavapriya A/P Ponvel
Mohammad Khairat Azwan

2. Introduction
• Upper Crossed Syndrome
• Lower Crossed Syndrome

3. Characteristics
• Head protraction
• Shoulder protraction
• Trunk lordosis
• Pelvic anterior tilt
• Lower leg pronation – flat
footedness/knocked-knees

4. Effects
• Trigger points
• Ache/burning sensation in shoulder and
arm
• Underlying shoulder problem
• Breathing disturbance
• Depression/migraine
• Weak immune function

5. Causes
• Poor posture
• Predisposing activities
• Fatigue

6. Characteristics of Spine
Cervical spine
Thoracic spine
Lumbar spine

7. Examples of abnormal posture

8. Postural Correction Techniques
• Posture education
• Avoid prolonged posture
• Stay physically active
• Correction exercises

9. Postural Correction Exercises

10. Corrective Stretches
Brugger’s stretch Chin tuck Forward lunge
Pectoralis stretch Quadriceps
stretch
Stretching Guide
Stretch the specific muscle for duration of 15 seconds. (Roberts et al.,1999) Repeat
for 2-3 times. (Hillsboro Physical Therapy,2015)

11. Corrective Strengthening
Deep neck flexor
exercise
Bridging
Plank
Scap T
Reverse fly

12. Target: Upper Crossed Syndrome

13. Target: Lower Crossed Syndrome

14. Progression exercise

15. Functional Exercise
Functional Exercise

16. Patient Education
Thank
You!