Muslim scientists made many contributions to the field of pharmacy beginning in the 8th century. The first drug store was established in Baghdad in 754 and inspected by market regulators. A licensing system for pharmacists and physicians was introduced under Caliph al-Mamun, and Sinan ibn Sabit established the first public health system and licensing department. Key Muslim scientists who advanced pharmacy include Ibn Sahl, al-Razi, Ibn Sina, and al-Biruni, through establishing institutions, compiling formularies of compound drugs, introducing tools like mortars and pestles, and emphasizing proper preparation and dosages of medications.
History of Pharmacy , Role of Muslim Scientists in Pharmacy . Hydrolysis expl...RabiyaTariq5
History of Pharmacy is explained in detail . How and when the vast era of pharmacy started and how Muslim scientists contributed in flourishing this vast field of medicine. After that i have discussed a small topic just for the sake of your knowledge i.e Hydrolysis
So let's get some knowledge to remember
Pharmacy has been inseparable from mankind’s history. The history of preparation and use of medicines dates back to ancient times.
In ancient times, diseases were thought to be produced by evil forces or by a God’s anger.
Thus, religious persons (priests or shamans) or magicians were found to be associated with the treatment of patients. So called religious rituals always accompanied with the drug treatment.
History of Pharmacy , Role of Muslim Scientists in Pharmacy . Hydrolysis expl...RabiyaTariq5
History of Pharmacy is explained in detail . How and when the vast era of pharmacy started and how Muslim scientists contributed in flourishing this vast field of medicine. After that i have discussed a small topic just for the sake of your knowledge i.e Hydrolysis
So let's get some knowledge to remember
Pharmacy has been inseparable from mankind’s history. The history of preparation and use of medicines dates back to ancient times.
In ancient times, diseases were thought to be produced by evil forces or by a God’s anger.
Thus, religious persons (priests or shamans) or magicians were found to be associated with the treatment of patients. So called religious rituals always accompanied with the drug treatment.
Historical background and development of profession of pharmacyRohit Kumar Trivedi
History and development of pharmacy profession
Historical background and development of profession of pharmacy
#rohitkumrtrivedi
B Pharma 1st semester pharmaceutics
Historical background and development of profession of pharmacy: History of profession of Pharmacy in India in relation to pharmacy education, industry and organization, Pharmacy as a career, Pharmacopoeias: Introduction to IP, BP, USP and Extra Pharmacopoeia.
Pharmacy as a profession and as a health care discipline has gone through phenomenal changes and development during the last few decades, at global as well as regional levels.
The beginnings of pharmacy are ancient. When the first person expressed juice from a succulent leaf to apply to a wound, this art was being practiced.
In the Greek legend, Asclepius, the god of the healing art, delegated to Hygieia the duty of compounding his remedies
Hi! I made these labels for study purpose. These are not for marketing or something else. i will upload more labels in future.
if you have any trouble downloading these labels. contact me on my email address. Thankyou.
This is a brief and limited presentation about the history of pharmacology which may be helpful for students of pharmacy, nursing as well as medical, for any error or complain please contact me
The beginnings of pharmacy are ancient.
When the first person expressed juice from a succulent leaf to apply to a wound, this art was being practiced.
In the Greek legend, Asclepius, the god of the healing art, delegated to Hygieia the duty of compounding his remedies
In ancient India the sources of drugs were of vegetable, animal and mineral origin.(Ayurveda).They were prepared empirically by few experienced persons. Knowledge of that medical system was usually kept secret within a family (Folkore).There were no scientific methods of standardization of drugs.
Historical background and development of profession of pharmacyRohit Kumar Trivedi
History and development of pharmacy profession
Historical background and development of profession of pharmacy
#rohitkumrtrivedi
B Pharma 1st semester pharmaceutics
Historical background and development of profession of pharmacy: History of profession of Pharmacy in India in relation to pharmacy education, industry and organization, Pharmacy as a career, Pharmacopoeias: Introduction to IP, BP, USP and Extra Pharmacopoeia.
Pharmacy as a profession and as a health care discipline has gone through phenomenal changes and development during the last few decades, at global as well as regional levels.
The beginnings of pharmacy are ancient. When the first person expressed juice from a succulent leaf to apply to a wound, this art was being practiced.
In the Greek legend, Asclepius, the god of the healing art, delegated to Hygieia the duty of compounding his remedies
Hi! I made these labels for study purpose. These are not for marketing or something else. i will upload more labels in future.
if you have any trouble downloading these labels. contact me on my email address. Thankyou.
This is a brief and limited presentation about the history of pharmacology which may be helpful for students of pharmacy, nursing as well as medical, for any error or complain please contact me
The beginnings of pharmacy are ancient.
When the first person expressed juice from a succulent leaf to apply to a wound, this art was being practiced.
In the Greek legend, Asclepius, the god of the healing art, delegated to Hygieia the duty of compounding his remedies
In ancient India the sources of drugs were of vegetable, animal and mineral origin.(Ayurveda).They were prepared empirically by few experienced persons. Knowledge of that medical system was usually kept secret within a family (Folkore).There were no scientific methods of standardization of drugs.
History of Pharmacy |L 3| Muslim's Contribution| Golden Era| Pharmacist Tayye...Tayyeb Mehmood
key points are:
Ancient Era (Beginning of time to 1600 AD)
Non-Muslim (Babylon, China, Egypt, Greek, Turkey)
Muslim Era or Golden Era
Empiric Era (1600 to 1940 AD)
Industrialization Era (1940 to 1970AD)
Patient Care Era (1970AD to present)
Biotechnology and genetic engineering
The study of history has sometimes been classified as part of humanities and other time as part of the social sciences. It can also be seen as bridge between these two broad areas, incorporating methodologies from both. Coming back to our world Pharmacology, which has rich history and enduring heritage. It is formed by lot of passionate personalities with grit to serve the mankind.
“It takes an endless amount of history to make even a little tradition”.
-Henry James
There are many stories of both success and failures which shaped our today’s world. Starting from the 18th century Aspirin to the current generation monoclonal antibodies each drug has their own version of stories. In this review I will introduce you to few prominent personalities like the indefatigable Domagk, a person who fought maladies with magic bullets, the Fleming’s story of serendipity, the interesting story of a struggling young orthopaedician’s quest towards invisible treasure and few other stories. we are lucky to have these great discoveries in our past which help the current generation of researchers to make conceptual advances.
Dr. Ranjan, Junior resident, JIPMER
Introduction to pharmacognosy including definition of Pharmacognosy, History of Pharmacognosy, Scope and development of Pharmacognosy as well as some question on the topic Like Multiple choice question, short question and long question
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
5. Contribution of Muslim's Scientist
in Pharmacy
– The Term “pharmacy "means a shop or hospital dispensary()دواخانہ where
medicinal drugs are prepared or sold.
– Interest in the development of pharmacy in Islamic lands was led by poisons,
their antidotes and means of detecting the poisons.
– Therefore much of the groundwork for early pharmacy was laid down by
toxicologists.
6. Look at management
– Islamic pharmacy (Saydanah), the art of preparing and dispensing drugs,
separate from the profession of medicine was recognized in the 8th century.
– The first Drug store was established in Baghdad in 754 where drugs were
prepared and sold.
– The drug stores and the work carried on in them, was inspected by Mohtasibs
(inspectors).
– Market Inspectors were responsible for checking the cleanliness of the
containers, preparation of drugs and their dispensing.
7. Amazing Licensing System
– At the time of Caliph Mamun al-Rashid (d.833) licensing system was
introduced.
– The druggists and the physicians had to pass an examination in order to obtain
a license to practice. Licensed pharmacists were called Sayadala.
– Sinan ibn Sabit (d.943), director of Baghdad hospital, was the first administrator
of licensing department and founder of public health system.
8. Islamic pharmacy Achievement
– Islamic pharmacy introduced 2000 new substances.
– including anise, cinnamon, cloves, senna, camphor, sandalwood, musk, myrrh,
cassia, tamarind, nutmeg, cloves, aconite, ambergris, and mercury.
9. Pharmacy during Umayya
Period
– The first figure associated with the development of Islamic pharmacy was grandson of Caliph
Hadhrat Muawiyyah.
– Prince Khalid bin Yazid (d.704).
– Khalid was more interested in alchemy than to be a future ruler. He asked alchemist of
Alexandria Marianos to teach him alchemy. In order to trans-mutate metals into gold, he
collected various herbs, did some experiments but gained nothing.
– Under his direction, translations of Greek texts into Arabic were made for the first time in the
Islamic world. Translators were given stipends, and soon several Egyptian and Greek books of
medicine, chemistry and astrology were translated into Arabic.
10. Islamic Library
– Prince Khalid bin Yazid was the first one to establish a library in the Islamic
world.
11. During Abbasid Period
Ali Bin Sahl Rabban al-Tabari (d.870) served as a government officer and
physician under the rule of Caliph al-Mu’tasim (833-842).
Al-Tabari wrote a famous book Firdaus al-Hikma (Paradise of Wisdom) which
was completed in 850.
In addition to discussing diseases and their remedies, he included several
chapters on materia medica.
For storing the drugs he recommended glass or ceramic vessels for liquid drugs,
small jars for eye liquid salves, & lead containers for fatty substances .
12. Sabur bin Sahl (d.869)
– Book: The first medical formulary (Aqrabadhin) in Arabic.
– The book included recipes for compounding the drugs, remedies for ailments,
their pharmacological actions, dosage and the methods of administrations..
– Drugs were classified into simple (mufradat) and compound (murakkabat).
13. Yakoob Ibn Ishaq Al-Kindi (d.873
– Yakoob Ibn Ishaq Al-Kindi (d.873) made important contributions in medicine,
pharmacy and optics.
– He developed a mathematical scale to determine in advance, based on the
phases of the Moon the most critical days of an illness.
– He invented a branch of medicine called posology, which dealt with the dosages
of the drugs.
14. – Book: on posology, Risala fe ma’rifat quwa al-adwiya al-murakkaba.
– In his Aqrabadain (Medical Formulary), he describes many pharmaceutical
preparations, including simple drugs virtually derived from natural botanical
sources as well as animal and mineral sources.
16. Muhammad Ibn Zakaria al-Razi
– Muhammad Ibn Zakaria al-Razi (d.925) introduced into pharmacy the use of
mild purgatives, cupping for cases of apoplexy (sudden effusion of blood into an
organ) and cold water for fevers.
– In Baghdad, he was made director of Muqtadari hospital, where he acted as a
chemist to mix drugs for patients.
– He was the first physician who used alcohol as antiseptic.
17. – He invented many tools such as the mortar and pestle that are used by
pharmacists.
– Books:
1. Qarabadain Kabir (The Great Book of Krabadain) ,
2. Qarabadain Saghir (The Little Book of Krabadin)
18. Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-
Maqdassi
– Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Maqdassi performed pharmaceutical experiments
and wrote several books as guides to materia medica.
– Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (936-1013) pioneered the preparation of drugs by
sublimation and distillation.
– His Kitab al-Tasrif (Latin: Liber servitoris) provides the reader with recipes and
explains how to prepare the `simples’ from which were compounded the
complex drugs then generally used.
19. Prince of Physicians
– Ibn Sena (d.1048)
– Book:
1. Adwiya al-Qalbiyya (Cardiac Drugs)which contains 760 drugs.
He prepared medications for many kings and Sultans of his time.
20.
21. Al-Biruni
– Al-Biruni (973-1050).
– Book:
– Kitab al-Saydalah fee al-Tibb (The Book of Drugs)
where he gave detailed knowledge of the properties of drugs and outlined the role
of pharmacy and the functions and duties of a pharmacist.