The history of pharmacy began with early humans using plants and natural substances to treat illnesses. During Greek civilization in the 7th century BC, Asklepios emerged as the god of healing. Hippocrates, known as the father of medicine, emphasized the use of scientific knowledge over spiritual acts in pharmacy. Dioscorides was the first to study botany for its medicinal applications. The Muslim era saw further advances, including the establishment of the first pharmacy in Baghdad in 754 AD and the clear separation of physicians and pharmacists. In 1240 AD, pharmacy was formally separated from medicine in Europe by Frederick II. Key figures like Edward Jenner, who performed the first vaccination, and Friedrich Sertür
History of Pharmacy , Role of Muslim Scientists in Pharmacy . Hydrolysis expl...RabiyaTariq5
History of Pharmacy is explained in detail . How and when the vast era of pharmacy started and how Muslim scientists contributed in flourishing this vast field of medicine. After that i have discussed a small topic just for the sake of your knowledge i.e Hydrolysis
So let's get some knowledge to remember
History of Pharmacy , Role of Muslim Scientists in Pharmacy . Hydrolysis expl...RabiyaTariq5
History of Pharmacy is explained in detail . How and when the vast era of pharmacy started and how Muslim scientists contributed in flourishing this vast field of medicine. After that i have discussed a small topic just for the sake of your knowledge i.e Hydrolysis
So let's get some knowledge to remember
Pharmacy has been inseparable from mankind’s history. The history of preparation and use of medicines dates back to ancient times.
In ancient times, diseases were thought to be produced by evil forces or by a God’s anger.
Thus, religious persons (priests or shamans) or magicians were found to be associated with the treatment of patients. So called religious rituals always accompanied with the drug treatment.
Biography of medicinal plants A Lecture by Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agri E...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Biography of medicinal plants A Lecture by Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agri Extension KPK/Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan
History of medicinal plant use A Presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former Di...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
History of medicinal plant use A Presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former Director General Agriculture Extension KPK Province and Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan
Prof. Mahadeva Lal Schroff is regarded as India's founder of pharmacy. He attained this distinction as a result of his accomplishments, which included steering India's pharmaceutical sector and educational system in the proper direction.1
The history of pharmacy profession or practice in India starts with opening of chemist shop in 1811 by Scotch M Bathgate opened in Kolkata. This was probably the beginning of pharmacy practice in India.
The world's oldest known prescriptions were recorded on a clay tablet in Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq), ca. 2400 BC. This Sumerian cuneiform document describes methods for making poultices, salves and washes.
The beginnings of pharmacy are ancient. When the first person expressed juice from a succulent leaf to apply to a wound, this art was being practiced.
In the Greek legend, Asclepius, the god of the healing art, delegated to Hygieia the duty of compounding his remedies
Medicinal plants history A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agriculture...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Medicinal plants history A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agriculture Extension Khyber Pakhtun Khwa Province & Visiting Professor Agriculture University Peshawar Pakistan
Pharmacy has been inseparable from mankind’s history. The history of preparation and use of medicines dates back to ancient times.
In ancient times, diseases were thought to be produced by evil forces or by a God’s anger.
Thus, religious persons (priests or shamans) or magicians were found to be associated with the treatment of patients. So called religious rituals always accompanied with the drug treatment.
Biography of medicinal plants A Lecture by Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agri E...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Biography of medicinal plants A Lecture by Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agri Extension KPK/Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan
History of medicinal plant use A Presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former Di...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
History of medicinal plant use A Presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former Director General Agriculture Extension KPK Province and Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan
Prof. Mahadeva Lal Schroff is regarded as India's founder of pharmacy. He attained this distinction as a result of his accomplishments, which included steering India's pharmaceutical sector and educational system in the proper direction.1
The history of pharmacy profession or practice in India starts with opening of chemist shop in 1811 by Scotch M Bathgate opened in Kolkata. This was probably the beginning of pharmacy practice in India.
The world's oldest known prescriptions were recorded on a clay tablet in Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq), ca. 2400 BC. This Sumerian cuneiform document describes methods for making poultices, salves and washes.
The beginnings of pharmacy are ancient. When the first person expressed juice from a succulent leaf to apply to a wound, this art was being practiced.
In the Greek legend, Asclepius, the god of the healing art, delegated to Hygieia the duty of compounding his remedies
Medicinal plants history A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agriculture...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Medicinal plants history A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agriculture Extension Khyber Pakhtun Khwa Province & Visiting Professor Agriculture University Peshawar Pakistan
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2. BEFORE THE DAWN OF HISTORY
From beginnings, as remote and simple as these, came the proud profession of pharmacy. It’s
development parallels that of man.
Among the several characteristics unique to Homo Sapiens is our tendency to treat ailments,
physical and mental with medicines.
Ancient man learned from instinct, from observation. Cool water, a leaf, dirt or mud was his
first soothing application.
By trial, he learned which served him best. Eventually he applied his knowledge for the benefit
of others.
3. PRE-HISTORY PHARMACY
Since humanities earliest past, Pharmacy has been a part of everyday life. Some of mankind’s
oldest settlements indicate that pre historic people gathered plants for medicinal purposes.
By trial and error, the knowledge of the healing properties of certain natural substances grew.
4. GREEK CIVILIZATION
During the millennium that followed the roots of modern medical
profession in the west arouse from Greek civilization.
5. ASKLEPIOUS (GOD OF HEALING)
Beginning in the 7th century BC, Asklepios gradually replaced Apollo as the greatest of the
healing gods.
At the touch of his hands or of the tongue of his sacred serpent, miraculous things happened.
The staff of Asklepios entwined by a Sacred serpent gradually emerged as the official symbol of
medicine around the world.
On the right hand of Asklepios stood Hygeia, one of his daughter. Her arm entwined by a
serpent and holding a bowl thought to have contained a healing poison.
In the earliest records one finds a similar mixed concept of drug or Pharmakon , a Greek word
that meant “magic spells’’ or “poison”.
6. HIPPOCRATES
From another period in Greek history the greatest name that is still with us today is that of
Physician Hippocrates known as the “father of medicine”.
He is one of the most important name in the development of Pharmacy as a profession based
on scientific knowledge rather than a mixture of medicine and spiritual acts.
During this period the word Pharmakon came to mean “a purifying remedy”.
He mentioned around 200-400 drugs as well as methods of carrying out various
Pharmaceutical processes.
7. DIOSCORIDES
He was a Greek Physician and botanist.
He was the first scientist to deal botany as an applied science of Pharmacy .
His work “De Materia Medica”, is considered a milestone in the study of naturally occurring
medicinal materials. This area of study is today known as “Pharmacognosy”
He explained methods of preparing crude drugs from opium and many other botanical drugs.
8. CLAUDIUS GALEN
He was a renowned Greek Pharmacist and Physician.
He practiced and taught both medicine and pharmacy in Rome.
He wrote 500 books on medicine including numerous drugs of natural origin, formula and
methods of compounding.
It was his tremendous work in the field of crude natural origin drugs that still today his name is
associated with that class of pharmaceuticals compounded by mechanical means –“Galenical
Preparations”.
The most famous of his formulas is one for a cold cream called Galen’s cerate, essentially
similar to that known today.
9. MUSLIM ERA (GOLDEN
ERA OF PHARMACEUTICAL
PROGRESS)
As western Europe struggled, a new civilization arouse among
those who followed the teachings of Muhammad (P.B.U.H).
10. ABBASID CALIPHATE
In Baghdad, the first Pharmacy was established in 754 under the Abbasid caliphate during the
Islamic golden age.
The clear-cut separation of the two professions, Physicians and Pharmacist was done in 800
A.D in Abbasid caliphate.
11. IBN-E-SINA
Among the brilliant contributors to the sciences of Pharmacy and Medicine during the Arabian
era was one genius who seems to stand for his time - the Persian, Ibn-e-Sina (about 980-1037
A.D.), called Avicenna by the Western world.
Pharmacist, poet, physician, philosopher and diplomat.
He wrote the famous book “ Kitab Al Shifa ( the book of healing ).
He also described 700 preparations, their properties, mode of action and their indications.
12. AL-BERUNI
He wrote one of the most valuable Islamic works entitled “Kitab-ul-Saydalah” - the book of
drugs.
He gave detailed knowledge of the properties of drugs and outlined the role of Pharmacy and
the functions and duties of the Pharmacist in this book.
He was known as Father of Arabic Pharmacy.
13. MODERN AGE & EARLY
RESEARCH
Upon this time, pharmacy remained a function of medicine. But
with increasing variety and complexity of compounding, forced
physicians to quit pharmacy and focus more on healing.
14. FREDERICK-II - SEPARATION OF
PHARMACY AND MEDICINE
In European countries exposed to Arabian Influence, public pharmacies began to Appear in the
17th century.
However, it was not until about 1240 A.D. That, in southern Italy, Pharmacy was separated from
Medicine. Frederick II, was Emperor of Germany.
At his palace, he presented subject Pharmacists with the first European edict completely
separating their responsibilities from those of Medicine, and prescribing regulations for their
professional practice.
15. EDWARD JENNER
Remarkable advance in medicine and Pharmacy took place in the year 1796 when Edward
Jenner performed the first vaccination on a human patient.