1. While global food production is enough to feed the world's population, hunger persists with nearly 870 million people experiencing hunger between 2010-2012. 2. Food security is defined by the UN and related institutions as people having access to enough food to meet their needs, but this definition is criticized for ignoring power dynamics in food systems and focusing on trade. 3. Multiple factors are putting pressure on global food systems, including population growth, urbanization, rising consumption, and climate change, making food security a major challenge of the 21st century.

2. Early in the twenty-first century, the world produces enough food to feed
the more than seven billion people who live there.
billion. But during the years 2010–2012, almost 870 million people worldwide
still experienced hunger. Long-standing research shows that merely having
enough food to meet global demand does not guarantee the local level
prevention of hunger and malnutrition.Despite this,the prevalent
government rhetoric and approach to ensuring global food security continue
to place too much emphasis on raising food production.

3. Across academic fields and problem areas, food security is frequently used.
Generally, the lack of food The existence of hunger and malnutrition qualifies
security, or the presence of food in security. On the other hand, food
security is frequently linked to people's access to enough food to meet their
needs. access to food on a local, national, and international scale. Despite
the large number of definitional Globally speaking, academics, policymakers,
and practitioners have discussed several types of food security adopted the
concept's consecutive official definitions provided by the United Nations
(UN) and its related institutions over the recent years. Throughout the 20th
century, FAQ continuously updated its definition of food security.

4. The idea of human security as a whole has grown to be closely related to
food security. Despite the fact that there isn't a single, widely accepted
definition of human security, the idea basically puts the protection of people
and communities against a variety of threats coming from many sources. It
requires Governments, international organizations, and other parties should
expand their perspective on security by recognizing and tackling dangers to
the freedoms from both fear and want in a holistic and integrated manner.
This entails, first and foremost, protection from recurring risks like
starvation, disease, and repression, according to the UNDP.
And second, defense against abrupt and harmful changes in routines of daily
life, whether in households,either at work or in communities.

5. The official conception of food security is criticized for a number of reasons,
but most Devastatingly because of its disdain for the power dynamics that
characterize food systems and its focus on a trade-based strategy to end
hunger.

6. The future of international food security depends on how states and other
actors react to a variety of difficult, Food systems all throughout the world
are being impacted by complex, linked forces. These systems include
"interactions inside and between bio-geophysical and human contexts,
which shape a set of activity;" the actual actions (from the point of
production to the point of consumption);the results of the activities
(contributions to environmental security, social welfare, and other factors
that affect food security.

7. Most severely affected by recent increases in food prices are individuals who
reside in, or poverty is perilously close by. According to estimates, the global
food price crisis of 2007–2008 may have caused as many as While the most
recent global food price surge in 2010–11 may have contributed to the
further enslavement of 100 million people, 44 million more people
worldwide were condemned to a life of poverty and food insecurity (Rastello
and Pugh, 2011). Small farmers, who frequently lack the resources, are
negatively affected by abrupt and sharp spikes in food costs. to be able to
quickly react to such price hikes in order to benefit from them.

8. The claim that sudden and rapid spikes in global food prices are caused by a
population that is gradually growing pricing seems questionable. However,
this does not imply that significant demographic shifts that are now
occurring. are unimportant to the world's food systems. The world's
population is projected to reach seven billion people by the middle of the
century. double the need for food, feed, and fiber to almost nine billion (FAO,
2009).

9. The total demand for food at the worldwide level will increase due to an
overall expanding population. level. Additionally, expanding urbanization and
per capita food consumption are contributing to this. increasing demand
Food consumption worldwide grew from 2,370 kcal per person per day in
1969–1971 to 3,050 kcal in 2017. to about 2,770 kcal per person daily in the
years 2005–07. (Alexandratos and Bruinsma, 2012: 24).

10. The United States and the EU implemented a policy in 2004–2005 that
resulted in a spike in global biofuel production. many laws and programs to
increase the use of biofuel (USAID, 2009). Fast-growing biofuels In many
nations around the world, solar energy is viewed as a significant way to
lessen reliance on fossil fuels. as well as contributing to greenhouse gas
emissions reductions, while also supplying energy to the expanding domestic
demand for it emissions and promote rural development.

11. All four aspects of food security—food availability, food accessibility, and
food utilization—are impacted by climate change. and the security of food
systems. Accordingly, "it [has] an impact on] human health, livelihood
resources, and food." Channels of production and distribution, as well as
shifting consumer trends and market flows.

12. One of the biggest problems of the twenty-first century is now recognized to
be the world's food security. The In recent years, there have been multiple
instances of abrupt and dramatic spikes in the price of food globally, which
has drawn attention. of governments and other actors on the susceptibility
of the food systems to a variety of socioeconomic, environmental, and
policy-related issues. Additionally,it's brought attention to how much
Poor and disenfranchised groups, especially in emerging nations,are subject
to the negative effects ofrising food costs, as well as domestic and
international food and agricultural policies. Despite what the official
definition Recognizing the issue of social and physical access to food, when
operationalized, the concept of food security always puts the idea of
economic access first.