The document discusses consumer attitudes and provides several key points:
1) Attitudes are predispositions to evaluate objects positively or negatively and are lasting and general in nature, consisting of beliefs, affect, and behavioral intentions.
2) Several theories seek to explain how attitudes are formed and function, such as the ABC model of affect, behavior, and cognition.
3) Consumer intentions, like purchase and spending intentions, can help predict future consumer behavior if measured accurately.
4) Situational factors and a company's marketing activities can influence existing consumer attitudes.
This chapter discusses consumer perception and the key elements and aspects that influence how consumers perceive marketing stimuli. It covers sensation and threshold, selection through selective exposure and attention, organization through figure-ground relationships and closure, and interpretation based on stereotypes, first impressions, and halo effects. Marketers must understand these concepts to effectively position products and services, and influence how consumers perceive quality, price, risk, and other attributes.
The document discusses consumer attitudes and how they are formed from various sources of information and experiences. It also discusses several models of attitude formation, including the tricomponent model involving cognition, affect, and conation. Marketers can influence attitude change through advertising by appealing to personality traits or resolving conflicting attitudes. Personality is shaped by both innate and learned factors and influences consumer behavior. Marketers segment consumers based on personality traits like openness to experiences and self-monitoring behavior.
This document discusses attitude formation. It defines attitudes as learned predispositions to behave favorably or unfavorably towards an object. Attitudes have characteristics like being formed through experience and consistency. Structural models of attitudes include the tricomponent model of cognition, affect, and conation and multiattribute models evaluating attributes. Formation is influenced by experience, others, and media. Behavior can precede attitude through cognitive dissonance and attribution theory.
This document discusses methods for measuring attitudes. It defines attitude as an enduring disposition to respond consistently to various aspects of the world, composed of affective, cognitive, and behavioral components. Attitudes are hypothetical constructs that are not directly observable but can be measured through indirect indicators like verbal expressions or behaviors. Some common techniques for measuring attitudes discussed are ranking, rating, sorting, and choice methods. Specific scales discussed include category scales and Likert scales, which allow respondents to indicate positions or levels of agreement on continuums.
1. An attitude is a learned predisposition to respond consistently in a favorable or unfavorable manner towards an object. It has cognitive, affective, and behavioral components.
2. Attitudes serve four key functions - knowledge, adaptive, ego-defensive, and self-expressive. They help provide structure and predict behavior.
3. Attitude formation theories include the tricomponent model and multi-attribute model. Attitudes are influenced by beliefs, experiences, social groups, and marketing.
4. Marketers can change attitudes by altering components of models, associating products with groups, resolving conflicts, and changing beliefs about competitors. The elaboration likelihood model describes central and peripheral routes to
Attitudes are evaluative statements that reflect how people feel about objects, ideas, and people. There are three components of attitudes: affective (feelings), behavioral (intentions), and cognitive (beliefs). Attitudes serve important functions like helping people minimize harm and maximize happiness. Different models explain the relationships between the three components and how they are formed, including the ABC model where affect precedes cognition and behavior, and the CAB model where cognition comes first. Low involvement products often follow a CBA sequence. Marketers use techniques like cognitive dissonance theory and the foot-in-the-door technique to influence attitudes. Balance theory also examines how attitudes are structured in relationships between people and objects.
The document discusses consumer attitudes and provides several key points:
1) Attitudes are predispositions to evaluate objects positively or negatively and are lasting and general in nature, consisting of beliefs, affect, and behavioral intentions.
2) Several theories seek to explain how attitudes are formed and function, such as the ABC model of affect, behavior, and cognition.
3) Consumer intentions, like purchase and spending intentions, can help predict future consumer behavior if measured accurately.
4) Situational factors and a company's marketing activities can influence existing consumer attitudes.
This chapter discusses consumer perception and the key elements and aspects that influence how consumers perceive marketing stimuli. It covers sensation and threshold, selection through selective exposure and attention, organization through figure-ground relationships and closure, and interpretation based on stereotypes, first impressions, and halo effects. Marketers must understand these concepts to effectively position products and services, and influence how consumers perceive quality, price, risk, and other attributes.
The document discusses consumer attitudes and how they are formed from various sources of information and experiences. It also discusses several models of attitude formation, including the tricomponent model involving cognition, affect, and conation. Marketers can influence attitude change through advertising by appealing to personality traits or resolving conflicting attitudes. Personality is shaped by both innate and learned factors and influences consumer behavior. Marketers segment consumers based on personality traits like openness to experiences and self-monitoring behavior.
This document discusses attitude formation. It defines attitudes as learned predispositions to behave favorably or unfavorably towards an object. Attitudes have characteristics like being formed through experience and consistency. Structural models of attitudes include the tricomponent model of cognition, affect, and conation and multiattribute models evaluating attributes. Formation is influenced by experience, others, and media. Behavior can precede attitude through cognitive dissonance and attribution theory.
This document discusses methods for measuring attitudes. It defines attitude as an enduring disposition to respond consistently to various aspects of the world, composed of affective, cognitive, and behavioral components. Attitudes are hypothetical constructs that are not directly observable but can be measured through indirect indicators like verbal expressions or behaviors. Some common techniques for measuring attitudes discussed are ranking, rating, sorting, and choice methods. Specific scales discussed include category scales and Likert scales, which allow respondents to indicate positions or levels of agreement on continuums.
1. An attitude is a learned predisposition to respond consistently in a favorable or unfavorable manner towards an object. It has cognitive, affective, and behavioral components.
2. Attitudes serve four key functions - knowledge, adaptive, ego-defensive, and self-expressive. They help provide structure and predict behavior.
3. Attitude formation theories include the tricomponent model and multi-attribute model. Attitudes are influenced by beliefs, experiences, social groups, and marketing.
4. Marketers can change attitudes by altering components of models, associating products with groups, resolving conflicts, and changing beliefs about competitors. The elaboration likelihood model describes central and peripheral routes to
Attitudes are evaluative statements that reflect how people feel about objects, ideas, and people. There are three components of attitudes: affective (feelings), behavioral (intentions), and cognitive (beliefs). Attitudes serve important functions like helping people minimize harm and maximize happiness. Different models explain the relationships between the three components and how they are formed, including the ABC model where affect precedes cognition and behavior, and the CAB model where cognition comes first. Low involvement products often follow a CBA sequence. Marketers use techniques like cognitive dissonance theory and the foot-in-the-door technique to influence attitudes. Balance theory also examines how attitudes are structured in relationships between people and objects.
This document discusses consumer attitudes and beliefs. It defines attitudes and lists their key characteristics, including that they have an object, are learned, and have behavioral, evaluative, and affective components. It also discusses the functions of attitudes and how they are learned through classical and operant conditioning as well as cognitive processes. Several models of attitudes are described, including the tri-component model involving cognitive, affective, and behavioral aspects. The document also covers cognitive dissonance theory and attribution theory as they relate to understanding attitudes. Finally, it discusses how marketing strategies can appeal to and influence consumer attitudes.
Information processing in consumer behaviourMadhu Verma
Consumer information processing involves several stages: exposure, where consumers are exposed to information through their senses; attention, where consumers allocate cognitive capacity to stimuli; and comprehension, where consumers interpret information to derive meaning. Higher consumer involvement leads to deeper information processing, greater arousal, and more extensive decision making, as involvement reflects personal importance and interest in a purchase. Consumer information processing examines how individuals perceive, pay attention to, make sense of, and are influenced by information during purchasing decisions.
Attitudes are learned predispositions to respond favorably or unfavorably to objects or classes of objects. They are relatively enduring and situation-related. Attitudes serve utilitarian, ego-defensive, knowledge, and value-expressive functions. They are formed through beliefs, direct experience, and behaviors. The multiattribute model measures attitude using beliefs and evaluations of attributes. The theory of reasoned action extends this to predict behavior from attitudes and subjective norms. Marketers can change attitudes by altering the multiattribute model components or using persuasion to change beliefs.
Consumer Attitude Formation and Changes 1784Zubair Bhatti
Attitudes are learned predispositions to behave positively or negatively towards people, objects, services or ideas. They have three components - cognitive, affective and behavioral. Attitudes are formed through direct experience, social influences and personality traits. Marketers use various strategies to change attitudes, such as associating products with groups, resolving conflicting attitudes, and altering beliefs about attributes. Theories of attitude formation include cognitive dissonance theory and attribution theory, which provide different perspectives on how behavior can precede and influence attitude.
This document outlines strategies for changing consumer attitudes. It defines attitudes and discusses their components and formation. Four main strategies for attitude change are described: 1) Changing beliefs about competitor brands, 2) Associating products with admired groups/causes, 3) Altering components of multi-attribute models like attributes or brand ratings, and 4) Changing basic motivation functions like the utilitarian, ego-defensive, value-expressive, or knowledge functions. The document also addresses resolving conflicts between positive and negative attitudes.
This document discusses the concept of perception. It begins by defining perception as the process by which individuals select, organize, and interpret sensory stimuli to form a meaningful understanding of the world. It then explores various aspects of perception, including sensation and thresholds, as well as the three main elements of perception: selection, organization, and interpretation. Selection involves what stimuli grab our attention based on expectations and motives. Organization discusses how we group related stimuli together. Interpretation examines how we attribute meaning to stimuli, which can be influenced by stereotypes, physical appearances, and first impressions. The document also covers related topics like risk perception and ways to reduce perceived risk when making purchases.
The presentation describes the perceptual process of consumers. It also briefly discusses the marketing implications of the perception. The slides also contain a quick class activity and possible assignment for students. With multiple examples, the presentation is an easy-to-use class teaching material.
This document discusses various methods for measuring attitudes, including ranking, rating, sorting, and choice tasks. It describes multi-category scales like Likert scales that measure the intensity of agreement/disagreement. Semantic differentials and behavioral differentials use bipolar adjective scales to measure attitudes. Paired comparisons directly compare preferences between objects or brands. The document provides examples of different types of scales and their uses in measuring attitudes.
This document provides a question bank for the Consumer Behaviour course chapters on Motivation and Perception. It contains 30 questions on Motivation and 30 questions on Perception to help students understand the key concepts covered in class and prepare for exams. The questions cover topics like motivation models, needs, emotions, arousal, perceptual processes, attention, gestalt principles, categorization and more. Providing these practice questions will help students review and reinforce the important ideas from the two chapters.
Store image refers to consumers' perceptions of a store, including both functional and psychological attributes. It impacts customer experience and loyalty. Store image is formed from tangible elements like merchandise, facilities, and atmosphere, as well as intangible elements like feelings and associations. There can be gaps between how retailers view their own image and how customers perceive it. Researching store image requires both quantitative methods like semantic scales and qualitative methods like projective techniques to uncover conscious and unconscious customer perceptions. Maintaining a distinctive image helps avoid being seen as a "dull personality" without a clear value proposition.
This document discusses consumer behavior and psychographic segmentation. It defines VALs (values, attitudes, and lifestyles) as a primary way to perform psychographic segmentation to understand consumers' inherent nature and how to attract them. It then provides examples of segmentation names (Innovators, Thinkers, Believers), their motivations, demographics, and consumption values/patterns. The document also discusses benefits Colgate toothpastes provide and how they target consumers. Finally, it discusses how dentists can position themselves by following up with patients and sharing their accomplishments to build patient confidence.
Attitude measurement and scaling techniquesCharu Rastogi
This document discusses various techniques for measuring consumer attitudes, including non-structured methods like in-depth interviews and focus groups, as well as structured methods like scales. It describes several types of scales such as graphic rating scales, semantic differential scales, Thurstone scales, and Likert scales. Additionally, it covers multidimensional scaling as a technique to analyze consumer perceptions of products or brands based on multiple attributes simultaneously. The goal of these various attitude measurement methods is to better understand consumers' beliefs, feelings, and likelihood of purchasing particular products or services.
The document describes the development of methods for measuring attitudes. It discusses the early work of a "Father of attitude measurement" who generated statements describing specific attitudes and had participants rate each statement on a 1-10 scale based on favorability. It also describes the development of the summated rating scale, which involves selecting items, scaling responses, having a target audience mark each item, and adding up the scores to get an overall attitude measurement. The document notes the summated rating scale is still widely used and is one of the most common instruments for measuring attitudes.
The document discusses models of attitudes and strategies for attitude change. It describes several models of attitudes, including the tricomponent model with cognitive, affective, and conative components. Multi-attribute models examine how attitudes are composed of beliefs about various product attributes. The theory of reasoned action proposes attitudes influence intentions and behaviors. Strategies for changing attitudes include associating products with admired groups, altering beliefs about competitors, and changing the basic motivational function of attitudes.
Consumer Perceptions of Price, Quality, and Value: A Means-End Model and Synt...Gyeongmin Ahn
This document discusses research on consumer perceptions of price, quality, and value. It begins by outlining key questions in the area and the need to precisely define these concepts from the consumer perspective. The document then summarizes an exploratory study of a beverage company and presents a proposed model relating price, quality, and value. It develops several propositions about how consumers assess quality using intrinsic and extrinsic attributes and how the importance of different attributes may change. The document also discusses how consumers define and perceive price and value.
This document discusses attitude measurement in marketing research. It covers:
1) Attitudes include information, feelings of like/dislike, and behavioral intentions that management wants to understand to influence behavior.
2) Attitudes are measured using scales that assess the cognitive, affective, and intention components. Single item scales directly measure attitudes while multi-item scales combine responses to several belief statements.
3) Common scales include Likert scales that assess agreement with statements and Thurstone scales that compare statements to gauge attitudes. Scale design considers the number of categories, anchors, labeling, and balance.
This document discusses consumer learning theories and their application in marketing. It covers both behavioral learning theories like classical and instrumental conditioning, as well as cognitive learning theory. Marketers use these theories to build brand loyalty through repetition, associations between stimuli and responses, and driving consumers to rehearse information. Behavioral theories focus on observable behaviors in response to stimuli, while cognitive theory examines mental problem solving and information processing.
Consumer perception is the process by which individuals select, organize and interpret stimuli to form a meaningful understanding of the world. It is highly individualized based on each person's needs, values and expectations. Marketers must understand the elements of perception like sensation, thresholds, selection, organization and interpretation in order to effectively position products and services according to how consumers will perceive them. Positioning involves creating distinct images for products/services that meet consumer needs and fill gaps left by competitors.
Chapter 8 Consumer Attitude Formation And ChangeAvinash Kumar
The document discusses various models of attitude formation and change, including:
1. The tricomponent model which views attitudes as having cognitive, affective, and conative components.
2. Multiattribute models like the theory of reasoned action that examine how attitudes are formed based on beliefs about an object's attributes.
3. The theory of trying to consume which accounts for cases where action or outcome is uncertain.
4. The attitude-toward-the-ad model which proposes that feelings and judgments formed from exposure to ads affect brand attitudes.
Strategies for changing attitudes discussed include associating products with groups, resolving conflicts, altering belief components, and changing beliefs about competitors.
The document presents the results of a survey about operating system preferences. It finds that compatibility, ease of use, performance, and support are the most important features to respondents. The survey also examines attitudes towards Mac OS and whether recommendations from friends/family influence choices. While 80% of respondents said they would try Mac OS for free, only 35% said they would use Mac if it could be installed on any computer. The survey identifies areas where Mac is lacking compared to importance ratings, such as family ties to Apple and prestige. Trend analyses show Mac receiving less attention than Microsoft in news, search queries, discussions, and social media.
This document discusses promoting pro-green technology behaviors in organizations. It finds that the non-residential sector has a greater environmental impact than households. While there is research on individual behaviors, there is a gap in understanding workplace behaviors. The document calls for more rigorous experimental research integrating psychological and organizational theories to develop effective interventions. It argues interventions should involve users, have leadership support, and integrate new behaviors into work processes.
Is it Possible a Real Prevention of Eating Disorders in Italy?Emanuel Mian
Wrong eating behaviors and body dissatisfaction often appear during adolescence and can be prodromic of an Eating Disorder (ED). The “Body Image 2007” (BI07) preliminary survey, originates from the growing need to aquire informations about eating behaviors, ED knowledge and body image of Friuli Venezia-Giulia's (North-East of Italy) teenagers.The survey included ED knowledge, body image, eating habits, alcohol abuse, cultural pressure for thinness, physical appearance and self-esteem.
Ninety students (male n=50 ; female n=40 ; mean age 15 +/- 1) attending a secondary school in Trieste were assigned to the BI07 survey.They were also subministered the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT12), the Inventory for Screening of Eating Disorders (ISED) and the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI2) to evaluate risk factors for an ED.
Results indicate that binge episodes were frequent between male sample instead than in female one ((F = 6,716 ; p < 0.01) and was correlated (r = .51 ; p < 0.01) with EAT12 Bulimia subscale. Self-esteem was higher in males (F = 28,226 p < 0,0001) that were rarely on a self-managed diet than female students ((F = 57,973 ; p < 0.0001).This result was correlated (r = .76 ; p < 0,0001) with Drive for Thinness EAT12 subscale. Female students rated their physical appearance significantly higher (F = 8,875 p < 0.005) than males, and this was correlated (r = .47 p < 0.01) with body dissatisfaction. The findings of BI07 give encouraging results and will continue in a forthcoming study on larger samples.
This document discusses consumer attitudes and beliefs. It defines attitudes and lists their key characteristics, including that they have an object, are learned, and have behavioral, evaluative, and affective components. It also discusses the functions of attitudes and how they are learned through classical and operant conditioning as well as cognitive processes. Several models of attitudes are described, including the tri-component model involving cognitive, affective, and behavioral aspects. The document also covers cognitive dissonance theory and attribution theory as they relate to understanding attitudes. Finally, it discusses how marketing strategies can appeal to and influence consumer attitudes.
Information processing in consumer behaviourMadhu Verma
Consumer information processing involves several stages: exposure, where consumers are exposed to information through their senses; attention, where consumers allocate cognitive capacity to stimuli; and comprehension, where consumers interpret information to derive meaning. Higher consumer involvement leads to deeper information processing, greater arousal, and more extensive decision making, as involvement reflects personal importance and interest in a purchase. Consumer information processing examines how individuals perceive, pay attention to, make sense of, and are influenced by information during purchasing decisions.
Attitudes are learned predispositions to respond favorably or unfavorably to objects or classes of objects. They are relatively enduring and situation-related. Attitudes serve utilitarian, ego-defensive, knowledge, and value-expressive functions. They are formed through beliefs, direct experience, and behaviors. The multiattribute model measures attitude using beliefs and evaluations of attributes. The theory of reasoned action extends this to predict behavior from attitudes and subjective norms. Marketers can change attitudes by altering the multiattribute model components or using persuasion to change beliefs.
Consumer Attitude Formation and Changes 1784Zubair Bhatti
Attitudes are learned predispositions to behave positively or negatively towards people, objects, services or ideas. They have three components - cognitive, affective and behavioral. Attitudes are formed through direct experience, social influences and personality traits. Marketers use various strategies to change attitudes, such as associating products with groups, resolving conflicting attitudes, and altering beliefs about attributes. Theories of attitude formation include cognitive dissonance theory and attribution theory, which provide different perspectives on how behavior can precede and influence attitude.
This document outlines strategies for changing consumer attitudes. It defines attitudes and discusses their components and formation. Four main strategies for attitude change are described: 1) Changing beliefs about competitor brands, 2) Associating products with admired groups/causes, 3) Altering components of multi-attribute models like attributes or brand ratings, and 4) Changing basic motivation functions like the utilitarian, ego-defensive, value-expressive, or knowledge functions. The document also addresses resolving conflicts between positive and negative attitudes.
This document discusses the concept of perception. It begins by defining perception as the process by which individuals select, organize, and interpret sensory stimuli to form a meaningful understanding of the world. It then explores various aspects of perception, including sensation and thresholds, as well as the three main elements of perception: selection, organization, and interpretation. Selection involves what stimuli grab our attention based on expectations and motives. Organization discusses how we group related stimuli together. Interpretation examines how we attribute meaning to stimuli, which can be influenced by stereotypes, physical appearances, and first impressions. The document also covers related topics like risk perception and ways to reduce perceived risk when making purchases.
The presentation describes the perceptual process of consumers. It also briefly discusses the marketing implications of the perception. The slides also contain a quick class activity and possible assignment for students. With multiple examples, the presentation is an easy-to-use class teaching material.
This document discusses various methods for measuring attitudes, including ranking, rating, sorting, and choice tasks. It describes multi-category scales like Likert scales that measure the intensity of agreement/disagreement. Semantic differentials and behavioral differentials use bipolar adjective scales to measure attitudes. Paired comparisons directly compare preferences between objects or brands. The document provides examples of different types of scales and their uses in measuring attitudes.
This document provides a question bank for the Consumer Behaviour course chapters on Motivation and Perception. It contains 30 questions on Motivation and 30 questions on Perception to help students understand the key concepts covered in class and prepare for exams. The questions cover topics like motivation models, needs, emotions, arousal, perceptual processes, attention, gestalt principles, categorization and more. Providing these practice questions will help students review and reinforce the important ideas from the two chapters.
Store image refers to consumers' perceptions of a store, including both functional and psychological attributes. It impacts customer experience and loyalty. Store image is formed from tangible elements like merchandise, facilities, and atmosphere, as well as intangible elements like feelings and associations. There can be gaps between how retailers view their own image and how customers perceive it. Researching store image requires both quantitative methods like semantic scales and qualitative methods like projective techniques to uncover conscious and unconscious customer perceptions. Maintaining a distinctive image helps avoid being seen as a "dull personality" without a clear value proposition.
This document discusses consumer behavior and psychographic segmentation. It defines VALs (values, attitudes, and lifestyles) as a primary way to perform psychographic segmentation to understand consumers' inherent nature and how to attract them. It then provides examples of segmentation names (Innovators, Thinkers, Believers), their motivations, demographics, and consumption values/patterns. The document also discusses benefits Colgate toothpastes provide and how they target consumers. Finally, it discusses how dentists can position themselves by following up with patients and sharing their accomplishments to build patient confidence.
Attitude measurement and scaling techniquesCharu Rastogi
This document discusses various techniques for measuring consumer attitudes, including non-structured methods like in-depth interviews and focus groups, as well as structured methods like scales. It describes several types of scales such as graphic rating scales, semantic differential scales, Thurstone scales, and Likert scales. Additionally, it covers multidimensional scaling as a technique to analyze consumer perceptions of products or brands based on multiple attributes simultaneously. The goal of these various attitude measurement methods is to better understand consumers' beliefs, feelings, and likelihood of purchasing particular products or services.
The document describes the development of methods for measuring attitudes. It discusses the early work of a "Father of attitude measurement" who generated statements describing specific attitudes and had participants rate each statement on a 1-10 scale based on favorability. It also describes the development of the summated rating scale, which involves selecting items, scaling responses, having a target audience mark each item, and adding up the scores to get an overall attitude measurement. The document notes the summated rating scale is still widely used and is one of the most common instruments for measuring attitudes.
The document discusses models of attitudes and strategies for attitude change. It describes several models of attitudes, including the tricomponent model with cognitive, affective, and conative components. Multi-attribute models examine how attitudes are composed of beliefs about various product attributes. The theory of reasoned action proposes attitudes influence intentions and behaviors. Strategies for changing attitudes include associating products with admired groups, altering beliefs about competitors, and changing the basic motivational function of attitudes.
Consumer Perceptions of Price, Quality, and Value: A Means-End Model and Synt...Gyeongmin Ahn
This document discusses research on consumer perceptions of price, quality, and value. It begins by outlining key questions in the area and the need to precisely define these concepts from the consumer perspective. The document then summarizes an exploratory study of a beverage company and presents a proposed model relating price, quality, and value. It develops several propositions about how consumers assess quality using intrinsic and extrinsic attributes and how the importance of different attributes may change. The document also discusses how consumers define and perceive price and value.
This document discusses attitude measurement in marketing research. It covers:
1) Attitudes include information, feelings of like/dislike, and behavioral intentions that management wants to understand to influence behavior.
2) Attitudes are measured using scales that assess the cognitive, affective, and intention components. Single item scales directly measure attitudes while multi-item scales combine responses to several belief statements.
3) Common scales include Likert scales that assess agreement with statements and Thurstone scales that compare statements to gauge attitudes. Scale design considers the number of categories, anchors, labeling, and balance.
This document discusses consumer learning theories and their application in marketing. It covers both behavioral learning theories like classical and instrumental conditioning, as well as cognitive learning theory. Marketers use these theories to build brand loyalty through repetition, associations between stimuli and responses, and driving consumers to rehearse information. Behavioral theories focus on observable behaviors in response to stimuli, while cognitive theory examines mental problem solving and information processing.
Consumer perception is the process by which individuals select, organize and interpret stimuli to form a meaningful understanding of the world. It is highly individualized based on each person's needs, values and expectations. Marketers must understand the elements of perception like sensation, thresholds, selection, organization and interpretation in order to effectively position products and services according to how consumers will perceive them. Positioning involves creating distinct images for products/services that meet consumer needs and fill gaps left by competitors.
Chapter 8 Consumer Attitude Formation And ChangeAvinash Kumar
The document discusses various models of attitude formation and change, including:
1. The tricomponent model which views attitudes as having cognitive, affective, and conative components.
2. Multiattribute models like the theory of reasoned action that examine how attitudes are formed based on beliefs about an object's attributes.
3. The theory of trying to consume which accounts for cases where action or outcome is uncertain.
4. The attitude-toward-the-ad model which proposes that feelings and judgments formed from exposure to ads affect brand attitudes.
Strategies for changing attitudes discussed include associating products with groups, resolving conflicts, altering belief components, and changing beliefs about competitors.
The document presents the results of a survey about operating system preferences. It finds that compatibility, ease of use, performance, and support are the most important features to respondents. The survey also examines attitudes towards Mac OS and whether recommendations from friends/family influence choices. While 80% of respondents said they would try Mac OS for free, only 35% said they would use Mac if it could be installed on any computer. The survey identifies areas where Mac is lacking compared to importance ratings, such as family ties to Apple and prestige. Trend analyses show Mac receiving less attention than Microsoft in news, search queries, discussions, and social media.
This document discusses promoting pro-green technology behaviors in organizations. It finds that the non-residential sector has a greater environmental impact than households. While there is research on individual behaviors, there is a gap in understanding workplace behaviors. The document calls for more rigorous experimental research integrating psychological and organizational theories to develop effective interventions. It argues interventions should involve users, have leadership support, and integrate new behaviors into work processes.
Is it Possible a Real Prevention of Eating Disorders in Italy?Emanuel Mian
Wrong eating behaviors and body dissatisfaction often appear during adolescence and can be prodromic of an Eating Disorder (ED). The “Body Image 2007” (BI07) preliminary survey, originates from the growing need to aquire informations about eating behaviors, ED knowledge and body image of Friuli Venezia-Giulia's (North-East of Italy) teenagers.The survey included ED knowledge, body image, eating habits, alcohol abuse, cultural pressure for thinness, physical appearance and self-esteem.
Ninety students (male n=50 ; female n=40 ; mean age 15 +/- 1) attending a secondary school in Trieste were assigned to the BI07 survey.They were also subministered the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT12), the Inventory for Screening of Eating Disorders (ISED) and the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI2) to evaluate risk factors for an ED.
Results indicate that binge episodes were frequent between male sample instead than in female one ((F = 6,716 ; p < 0.01) and was correlated (r = .51 ; p < 0.01) with EAT12 Bulimia subscale. Self-esteem was higher in males (F = 28,226 p < 0,0001) that were rarely on a self-managed diet than female students ((F = 57,973 ; p < 0.0001).This result was correlated (r = .76 ; p < 0,0001) with Drive for Thinness EAT12 subscale. Female students rated their physical appearance significantly higher (F = 8,875 p < 0.005) than males, and this was correlated (r = .47 p < 0.01) with body dissatisfaction. The findings of BI07 give encouraging results and will continue in a forthcoming study on larger samples.
The document introduces the UCLA Body Matrices as new tools that systematically vary levels of body fat, breast size, and muscularity to measure body image. Two studies found the matrices were strongly correlated with BMI, breast size, and body satisfaction measures. Both men and women perceived their current bodies as less ideal than average and desired thinner bodies for women and more muscular bodies for men.
Psychometric evaluation involves using standardized psychological tests to gather information about a patient's behavior, cognitive abilities, and personality. The tests are intended to complement information from a psychiatric evaluation by providing additional descriptive data. Key principles for psychological tests include reliability, validity, and standardization to ensure tests are consistently measuring what they are intended to measure. Common types of tests assess intelligence, academic achievement, personality, interests, and neuropsychological functioning.
Change in Employee Status (Demotion & Transfer)Camille Miranda
The document discusses different types of employee transfers in the workplace. It defines demotion as a transfer to a lower level position with decreased responsibilities due to factors such as poor performance or disciplinary issues. Transfers are described as lateral moves without changes in pay or level, and can be used to better utilize employee skills, resolve conflicts, or accommodate health issues. Permanent transfers assign employees to new jobs indefinitely, while temporary transfers expect employees to return to their original role after a period. Reasons for transfers include addressing workload changes, placing employees in preferred roles, and developing skills. Managing problem employees and union issues are also discussed.
A change in an employee's employment status requires a personnel action by the Human Resources Department based on a request from the employee's department. Such requests should include the old and new employment information and the effective date of the change. The document then defines different types of employment statuses, such as full-time, part-time, probationary, and contract employees. It also discusses factors related to employee promotions, demotions, separations, and turnover. Mentoring, career counseling, and the administrative, operational and financial impacts of personnel changes are also covered.
Money& Monetary Policy Defined (Philippine Setting)Camille Miranda
This is my report on our subject Macro Economics. This is not a professionally made powerpoint but I hope it can help especially to the Filipino students.
Apple has grown from a small business in 1976 to one of the most successful brands worldwide. Consumers perceive Apple as one of the best due to their innovative products, successful marketing, and ability to differentiate themselves. These attributes have led to strong brand equity for Apple. Apple is known for user-friendly, popular products and has a dominant position in consumer electronics. Their marketing strategies effectively create perceptions of Apple as a reputable brand. Through continued focus on these strengths, Apple's brand value will continue growing in the future.
Jane, age 9 years 7 months, was referred for a psychological evaluation by her mother who was concerned about Jane's reading fluency and comprehension difficulties. Jane appeared comfortable during assessments but struggled with reading aloud and decoding words. Test results and teacher reports indicated issues with reading. Jane's medical and family history were unremarkable, though she reported being bullied at school which upset her. The psychological evaluation was conducted to better understand Jane's challenges and provide recommendations to support her reading development.
Workplace Change and Transition by Catherine AdenleCatherine Adenle
Is your company currently undergoing major changes that will affect you or the staff in your organization? These changes are probably in response to the evolving needs of customers. They are made possible because of the change in economy, telecommunications and digital technology. And you can expect that they will result in significant reorganisation, improvements and profitability--all will result in success that all employees will share in future but navigating the change curve for you and others will be challenging. This presentation will provide tools and resources to help you cope with the change.
There are two main types of attitude scales: single item scales and multi-item scales. Single item scales measure attitude using a single question or statement, while multi-item scales are needed when attitude cannot be fully captured by one question. Examples of single item scales include itemized category scales, rank order scales, and comparative scales. Multi-item scales include semantic differential scales, staple scales, and Likert scales, which measure attitude using several questions or statements rated on a numeric scale.
Understanding, Initiating and Managing Change by Catherine AdenleCatherine Adenle
Explore the framework for understanding, initiating and managing change. Change management in organizations can take place when new business processes, changes in organizational structure, change in systems, cultural changes within an enterprise etc., take place. Simply put, change management in organization addresses all aspects of change especially the people side of change management.All you need to know about Change Management is packaged within this presentation.
#changemanagement #managingchange
This lecture recaps the previous lecture on exploratory factor analysis, and introduces psychometrics and (fuzzy) concepts and their measurement, including (operationalisation), reliability (particularly internal consistency of multi-item measures), validity and the creation of composite scores. See also https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Survey_research_and_design_in_psychology/Lectures/Psychometric_instrument_development
This document discusses freight forwarding, customs brokerage, and logistics. It defines freight forwarding as a service used in international trade that guarantees delivery of goods by an agreed date in good condition. Freight forwarders perform routine tasks like loading/unloading, storage, arranging transport, and obtaining payment on behalf of exporters and importers. The document also discusses the roles of customs brokers, common carriers, shippers, consignees, and principal carriers in transportation and logistics. It provides examples of shipping documents used and procedures for import/export processes.
20 Rules of Change Management in Organizations by Catherine AdenleCatherine Adenle
20 Rules of Change Management in Organizations.
When implementing change, no two organizations are the same, nor is there a ’one-size-fits-all’ approach because each organisation is different in structure, size, vision, culture, business needs and most all, each change management is different. However, despite the range of approaches to change management, there are common guidelines for delivering a successful change. The content of this presentation is intended as a tool to facilitate best practice of change management, thereby guide the actions that will result to successful change.
The document discusses consumer attitude formation and change. It defines an attitude as a learned predisposition to behave favorably or unfavorably towards an object. There are three main components that make up attitudes: the cognitive component involving knowledge and perceptions, the affective component involving feelings, and the conative component involving the likelihood of taking action. Models of attitudes include the tricomponent model and multiattribute models examining how attitudes are formed based on evaluations of product attributes or beliefs. Strategies for changing attitudes include associating products with admired groups, resolving conflicting attitudes, and altering components of multiattribute models.
The document discusses attitudes and their influence on consumer behavior. It defines attitudes and describes their nature, how they are formed through conditioning, modeling and cognitive learning. Two models of attitudes are described: the tri-component model involving affective, cognitive and behavioral components, and Fishbein's multi-attribute model. The functions and measurement of attitudes are covered along with methods to change attitudes by influencing feelings, beliefs, behaviors or social norms.
This document discusses several common assessment tools used to measure attitudes in the affective domain: self-report questionnaires, rating scales, semantic differential scales, Thurstone scales, and Likert scales. Self-report questionnaires require individuals to provide accounts of their own attitudes or feelings. Rating scales consist of categories assigned integer values for individuals to select. Semantic differential scales assess reactions to words or concepts using bipolar adjective scales. Thurstone scales determine an individual's position of favorability on an issue continuum. Likert scales employ questionnaires to determine favorability using a psychometric scale.
This chapter discusses key psychological factors that influence employee behavior, including attitudes, personality, perception, and learning. It describes three components of attitudes - cognitive, affective, and behavioral. Job satisfaction is related to productivity, absenteeism, and turnover. Personality can be classified using models like MBTI or the Big Five traits. Perception and attribution theory influence how people judge others. Learning principles like operant conditioning and social learning can shape behaviors in organizations. Managing generational differences and workplace misbehavior are contemporary issues.
Getting Inside Your Client's Head for Better Solutionsrodstar07
The document discusses how to better understand the client's perspective in order to build stronger relationships, provide superior solutions, and increase sales. It outlines several key factors that clients value both explicitly and implicitly, including return on investment, trust, expertise, reliability, and ease of use. The document emphasizes that understanding the client's unique situation and needs, adding value beyond the obvious, and making the client look good are essential to maximizing impact and ensuring lasting relationships over time.
The document discusses how to create a strong brand through focusing on feelings and experiences rather than just numbers. It emphasizes developing an authentic brand story that is lived internally and told externally. Various touchpoints and ways to engage employees and customers are examined. Metrics are presented showing that high employee engagement leads to much better business outcomes like customer loyalty, profitability, productivity and quality. The overarching message is that an emotionally compelling brand story consistently brought to life through the customer experience is key to success.
Soft skills are core skills sought after in every profession.
Whether you’re a server in a restaurant or a big-shot CEO, your soft skills will be as decisive for your success as your technical know-how.
Motivation and time management, leadership, and open-mindedness - all of those are widely sought-after soft skills.
And these are just a few out of many!
But you might be wondering which soft skills are relevant for YOUR career? And which ones should you focus on developing?
Communication skills & selling skillsAafreen Ahmed
This document discusses communication skills and selling skills. It defines communication and outlines the communication process. It describes elements of non-verbal and verbal communication. The document then discusses advanced communication skills, including how the brain processes information and forms internal maps. It also outlines basic and advanced communication skills. The document then defines selling and describes the steps in the selling process. It discusses types and methods of selling. It outlines selling skills required at different stages of the sales process and how to handle objections and close sales. The document concludes by discussing providing after-sales service, making suggestions to customers, and building long-term customer relationships.
Soft skills refer to personal traits like communication abilities, interpersonal skills, attitudes, and behaviors. They allow people to effectively use technical skills and knowledge, improve interactions with others, and feel satisfied in their jobs. Some key soft skills include communication, leadership, teamwork, stress management, having a positive attitude, and ability to negotiate win-win solutions. Personality is the totality of how one looks, feels and behaves, encompassing character traits like integrity and dedication, as well as behavioral traits such as interpersonal skills and leadership qualities. Elements crucial to personality development are self-awareness, goal setting, creativity, innovation, and human values.
This document discusses the qualities of effective leadership and emotional intelligence. It provides examples of leadership prerequisites like IQ, technical skills, and emotional intelligence. Followers want excitement, importance, significance, and to work towards a cause within a feeling of community. The document then examines components of emotional intelligence like self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills. It provides cases to evaluate these components and emphasizes that emotional intelligence can be learned through motivation, extensive practice, and openness to feedback.
Here are a few questions to help you analyze your current state of customer interactions and value propositions to determine your iCustomer level:
1. How would you describe the current depth and nature of interactions with your most important customer segments - information sharing, collaboration, co-creation?
2. Are you primarily selling products/services or outcomes/transformations for customers? How much value is derived through use versus ownership?
3. Do customers perceive you more as a supplier/vendor or as a strategic partner? What evidence do you have to support this?
4. How well aligned is your perceived vs actual iCustomer level between your organization and key customers? Where are the gaps?
5. What level of interaction/
This document discusses emotional intelligence and its importance. It will teach about the elements of emotional intelligence, how they relate to daily job skills, and how to increase one's own emotional intelligence quotient (EQ). Research shows that EQ is twice as important as cognitive abilities for success in any field, and almost 90% of leadership success is due to EQ. There are 25 competencies divided into five dimensions: personal competence involving self-awareness and self-management; social competence involving empathy and social skills; and motivation.
Win User Loyalty by Targeting Logic AND Emotion (Mike Donahue)UXPA International
Emotions are arguably the most powerful motivator for humans and yet most projects lack an implicit strategy to target emotions. This talk will present insight on how and why to use emotion as a strategic target for UX design. It will cover the 4 Stages of Accomplishing Goals, the factors that affect how strongly we feel about an experience, what causes us to focus more on the positive or negative aspects of an experience, what stops us dead in our tracks, and how to create an experience that satisfies both the logical and emotional parts of our brain.
The document discusses the importance of soft skills for career success and provides information on key soft skills categories like character traits, interpersonal skills, emotional intelligence and its components. It also includes a soft skills quiz and discusses how developing soft skills can enhance job performance, interpersonal interactions and career prospects.
The document discusses emotional intelligence (EI) and the EQ-i 2.0 assessment. It describes EI as involving social and emotional skills in perceiving, expressing and managing emotions. The EQ-i 2.0 measures EI through five realms including self-perception, self-expression, interpersonal skills, decision making and stress management. It asserts that developing lawyers' EI through the EQ-i 2.0 can help with recruitment, retention, and employee development by identifying strengths and areas for growth.
This document provides an MPA feedback report for Ioan Moldovan based on his responses to an assessment questionnaire. The report summarizes Ioan's typical work behaviors across nine traits divided into ego drive, social factors, and work style areas. Graphs show where Ioan's responses fall for each trait compared to an international norm group. The report aims to accurately describe Ioan's preferred behaviors at work to provide insight and close with remarks on the assessment's purpose and limitations.
This abridged version, made up of select slides from my other presentations, was specially made for the executives of LIC, Hyderabad Division. You are requested to view the full versions of the other presentations, available here.
Musst masterclass instantly increased influence hand outPower2Improve
The document provides tips and strategies for influencing people effectively. It discusses determining what you want from an interaction and what the other person wants to give them what they really want while achieving your own goals. It also addresses dealing with resistance, focusing on understanding motivations and asking the right questions. The document emphasizes using an appreciative approach, building relationships, and focusing on positivity to influence outcomes.
This document provides guidance on communication essentials at work. It covers topics like verbal communication, assertive communication, and email etiquette. For verbal communication, it emphasizes the importance of listening skills like empathetic listening. It also discusses when communication fails and tips for effective client interaction. For assertive communication, it describes different types of behaviors and techniques for responding assertively without being aggressive. These include using reaction techniques like the broken record method or inviting criticism. Throughout it provides activities and discusses factors that can impact client interactions.
The document discusses leadership principles based on quotes and views of S. Ramadorai. It discusses the importance of alignment between employee goals and organizational vision. Ramadorai emphasizes that a vision without alignment is just theory, and that continuous assessment of employee performance against goals is important. The document also contrasts views of managers versus leaders and lists various leadership competencies and qualities needed for effective leadership.
This document discusses strategies for effectively delivering bad news to employees. It notes that delivering bad news is difficult but important, and emphasizes having empathy and preparing emotionally. It provides an example of an employee performing substandardly who needs improvement or will be dismissed. The author recommends choosing a private time to discuss this, listening to the employee's response, and using conflict resolution techniques like finding common ground and staying calm. The goal is to communicate clearly while understanding different perspectives.
This document provides an overview of public relations concepts and best practices. It discusses the roles and responsibilities of PR practitioners, including acting as strategic advisors, managing public opinion, and achieving accountability and bottom lines through effective communication and relationship building. Key aspects of PR like the two-way communication model, audience segmentation, and the importance of credibility, consistency and leadership are also summarized.
Similar to Consumer Behavior (Tripartite Model & Attitude Measurement) (20)
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How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
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Consumer Behavior (Tripartite Model & Attitude Measurement)
1. Alburo, Marivic F.
Gandia, Davy M.
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 Miranda, Camille R.
cmrmiranda & dmgandia
2. - Divided into or composed of
three parts, involves three
participants.
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia
3. Affect in psychology and psychiatry used to describe
observable behaviour that represents the expression of
a subjectively experienced feeling state (emotion) and
moods.
Common examples of affect are: Sadness, Fear,
Joy, and Anger.
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia
4. Moods are temporary feeling states and considered
as a group of persisting feelings associated with evaluative
and cognitive states which influence all the future evaluations,
feelings and actions.
Emotions are stronger feelings. It is an
instantaneous perception of a feeling.
Hedonism is the claim that all and only pleasure
has worth or value, and all and only pain has disvalue.
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia
5. A psychological term for an observable expression of emotion.
A person's affect is the expression of emotion or
feelings displayed to others through facial expressions, hand
gestures, voice tone, and other emotional signs such as
laughter or tears. Individual affect fluctuates according to
emotional state.
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia
6. Satisfaction Appraisal is usually regarded as the central
mediator for post-purchased behaviour linking pre-choice
product beliefs to post-choice cognitive structure, consumer
communications and re-purchases behaviour.
Complaint Behaviour is also known as Consumer
Complaint Responses a process that ''constitutes a subset of all
possible responses to perceived dissatisfaction around a
purchase episode, during consumption or during possession of
the goods or services''. It is also an important form of market
feedback to organization.
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia
7. Word of Mouth is an oral or written recommendation by
a satisfied customer to the prospective customers of a
good or service.
Reporter: Davy M. Gandia
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia
8. Attitude is a learned tendency to evaluate things in a
certain way. This can include evaluations of people, issues,
objects or events. Such evaluations are often positive or
negative, but they can also be uncertain at times.
A learned pre-dispositon to respond in a consistently
favorable or unfavorable manner with respect to a given
object. Entities that are evaluated are called “Attitude
objects”
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia
9. Attitudes are related to self-image, social acceptance
and as well as to consumption.
In order to preserve a positive self-image, people’s
responses may be affected by social desirability. They may
not well tell about their true attitudes, but answer in a way that
they feel socially acceptable.
The different measures focus on different components
of attitudes – cognitive, affective and behavioural.
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia
10. An Emotional Component : How the object, person, issue or
event makes you feel.
A Cognitive Component : Your thoughts and beliefs about the
subject.
A Behavioural Component : How the attitude influences your
behaviour.
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia
11. Direct Measurement (Likert scale and semantic
differential)
Indirect Measurement (projective techniques)
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia
12. One-Item Rating Scale
Likert Scale (Short I)
- a type of psychometric scale frequently used in
psychology questionnaires. It was developed by and
named after organizational psychologist Rensis Likert.
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia
13. A typical Likert item usually takes the following format:
Strongly Disagree
Disagree
Neither Agree nor Disagree
Agree
Strongly Agree
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia
15. 1. This product is high priced. 2. This product provides good
value for the money
___ Strongly agree that I would spend to buy it.
___ Agree ___ Strongly agree
___ Neutral ___ Agree
___ Disagree ___ Neutral
___ Strongly disagree ___ Disagree
___ Strongly disagree
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia
16. The semantic differential scale asks a person to rate a
product, brand, or company based upon a seven-point rating
scale that has two bi-polar adjectives at each end.
The semantic differential technique reveals information
on three basic dimensions of attitudes: evaluation, potency
(i.e. strength) and activity.
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia
17. Evaluation is concerned with whether a person thinks
positively or negatively about the attitude topic (e.g. dirty –
clean, and ugly - beautiful).
Potency is concerned with how a powerful the topic is for the
person (e.g. cruel – kind, and strong - weak).
Activity is concerned with whether the topic is seen as active
or passive (e.g. active – passive).
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia
18. Rate how you feel about this product
on each of the scales below.
High priced :___:___:___:___:___: Low priced
Good value :___:___:___:___:___: Poor value
Dislike it :___:___:___:___:___: Like it
Reporter: Camille R. Miranda
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia
19. ATTITUDE AS AN INFERRED
STATE
Social scientists often have assumed that certain
kinds of responses reveal peoples' attitudes.
Observable=======>Inferred=======>Observable
Stimuli that Evaluative
Denote atd.=======>Attitude=======>Responses
Object
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia
20. Social scientists often have assumed that
responses that express evaluation, and therefore reveal
peoples' attitudes, can be or should be divided into three
classes:
Cognition (beliefs)
Affect (feelings)
Conation (behaviour or intentions)
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia
22. Cognitive are thoughts that people have about the
attitude object.
Affective feelings or emotions that people have in
relation to the attitude object.
Behavioural peoples' actions with respect to the
attitude object.
Reporter: Marivic F. Alburo
Powerpoint Presentation 2012 cmrmiranda & dmgandia