The document discusses constructivism in online teaching and learning. It describes constructivism as a theory where knowledge is constructed by learners based on their own experiences rather than being taught by teachers. Under the constructivist model, learners are active participants in the learning process and focus on discovery with the teacher facilitating. Key aspects of constructivism discussed include collaborative learning, socio-cultural influences on learning, and the teacher taking the role of facilitator to guide students' understanding.

1. Constructivism in Online
Teaching Learning
Dr. Jai Singh

2. .
• Objectivism says that there is an
objective reality, and that the
goal of learning is to understand
this reality and change behavior
accordingly.
• The objectivist instructor
identifies the course objectives
required of students and then
systematically arranges the
content to reach those goals.
• This instructor teaches the
students a defined body of
knowledge within teacher-
prescribed boundaries.
Two Approach of
Learning
1. Objectivism
2. Constructivism

3. Constructivism
• Constructivism is a theory about knowledge acquisition.
• In the constructivist model, knowledge is subjective – not
taught by teacher, but rather collected from students
own relevant experiences and the experiences of others
with whom the student collaborates.
• According to Constructivism - the only important reality
is in the learner’s mind, and the goal of learning is to
construct in the learner’s mind its own, unique
conception of events.
• the learner is not a passive recipient but rather the
center of instruction.
• The learners actively participate in their learning process
by discovery, with the instructor as the mediator of the
process.
• The constructivist teacher focuses on the process of
learning and the outcomes that are produced.
• Learning involves active
cognitive processing.
• Learning is adaptive.
• Learning is subjective,
not objective.
• Learning involves both
social/cultural and
individual processes

4. The constructivist model
of Learning
• Within the constructivist model,
educators includes the
cooperative/collaborative approach and
the socio-cultural model.
• constructivism is a learner-centered
approach, one goal is to create a
meaningful environment that includes
communication and collaboration
• students should be able to
independently explore an information
space to obtain content, higher level
concepts and learn how to learn” with
deeper understanding of the content.-
Prepare – CMAP, OER, Enriched
material/online resources, SWAYAM,
NDL, NROER
• Teachers should provide for
and encourage multiple
perspectives and
representations of content.
• Select and Use those new
technologies that allow for
construction of knowledge
• Students should be assessed
formatively, serving to inform
future learning experiences.
• QUIZ/TEST- Google
form/Microsoft form, Moodle,
Flexiquiz.com, testinvite.com

5. Collaborative Learning
• learning occurs as an
individual interacts with
other individuals.
• Learning results as
individuals exercise,
verify, solidify and
improve their mental
models through
discussions and
information sharing.
• students freedom to
topics exploration
• teacher may develop
discussion topic
• Online Discussion forum participated by students
• Students get opportunity to interact with other
teachers – Online mode
• Collaboration with other faculties- Online platform
• Through groups and other learning interactions with
their online peers, students acquire deeper
understanding because of the - opportunities for
exposure to multiple perspectives and
interpretations.
• provide forums to research an area of interest and
report back
• Collaborative online group project
• encouraging the use of virtual chat components
• that are open-ended enough to allow the individual
learner to incorporate individual experiences,
interpretations, reactions, and opinions into
discussion responses.
• LMS-Moodle –Discussion Forum feature is available

6. Socio-cultural model of
learning
• Group learning and project
to complete in collaborative
way with different
social/cultural background
students-
• Assignment/project through
Google docs/slides/ sheets in
collaboration with different
social cultural background
students
1. Learning situated in
context, and
2. rooted in the learner’s
cultural background
and personal
knowledge.
3. Learning should involve
social negotiation and
mediation.

7. Online Instructor as Facilitator
• Set the objectives,
procedural rules, and
timetables.
• Serves a socializing
function by fostering a
friendly environment.
• Instructors, in the
intellectual role, guide
the students’ journey to
understanding.
• “send out welcome messages, use
a personal tone, and send
feedback with specific examples
and references”- Online Chat,
Whats app, LMS
• Social role-modeling of
appropriate online behavior, even
assisting students in becoming
better students. Value based
Films, Stories, Videos on Youtube
• This is accomplished by probing and
questioning students about their
responses, by summarizing main themes,
and by linking these to assignments such as
readings, written responses, and
independent and group projects. – Google
Docs, Slides, Sheets, LMS-Assignment-
PDF,TEXT, Videos