The document categorizes and describes various types of construction equipment. It divides equipment into four main groups: (1) earthmoving equipment like excavators and loaders used for digging and material handling; (2) construction vehicles like dumpers and trailers used for transportation; (3) material handling equipment like cranes, conveyors, and forklifts used to move materials; and (4) other construction equipment like tunneling machines, concrete mixers, and pavers used for specific tasks. Within each group, the document provides examples and brief descriptions of common piece of equipment.

1. CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS
SHALINI SINGH
3RD YEAR, SECTION-B
U.S.A.P
SOURCES :
www.google.co.in
www.handyman-austin.com
www.indiamart.com
www.slideshare.net
www.deere.com

2. Depending on the application, construction
machines are classified into various categories
CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS
A. Earthmoving equipments
B. Construction vehicles
C. Material handling
equipments
D. Construction equipments

3. Group A : earthmoving equipments
*Earthmoving equipment is used in the construction industry to :
- shift large amounts of earth,
- dig foundations and landscape areas.
*Types of earthmoving equipment include hydraulic excavators,
bulldozers, compressors and loaders.
A1 : EXCAVATORS
Excavators are heavy construction equipment consisting of
a boom, stick, bucket and cab on a rotating platform (known
as the "house").
Excavators are used in many ways:
•Digging of trenches, holes,
foundations
•Material handling
•Brush cutting with hydraulic
attachments
•Forestry work
•Demolition
•General grading/landscaping
•Heavy lift, e.g. lifting and
placing of pipes
•Mining, especially, but not
only open-pit mining
•River dredging
•Driving piles, in conjunction
with a pile driver

4. A2 : LOADERS
A loader is a heavy equipment
machine often used in
construction, primarily used
to load material (such as
asphalt, demolition debris,
dirt, snow, feed, gravel, logs,
raw minerals, recycled
material, rock, sand, and
woodchips) into or onto
another type of machinery
(such as a dump truck,
conveyor belt, feed-hopper, or
railcar).
A3 : SKID STEER LOADERS
A skid loader or skid-steer
loader is a small rigid frame,
engine-powered machine
with lift arms used to attach
a wide variety of labor-
saving tools or attachments.

5. A4 : GRADERS
A grader, also commonly
referred to as a road grader,
a blade, a maintainer, or a
motor grader, is a
construction machine with a
long blade used to create a
flat surface.
Graders are commonly used in the construction and
maintenance of dirt roads and gravel roads.
The crawler loader
combines the stability of
the crawler tractor with the
abilities of a wheel loader.
A5 : CRAWLER LOADERS
The introduction of
hydraulic excavators
diminished the market for
the crawler loader
because it was unable to
match the excavator's
lifting power and
flexibility.

6. A6 : BACKHOE
A backhoe, also called a rear
actor or back actor, is a piece
of excavating equipment or
digger consisting of a digging
bucket on the end of a two-
part articulated arm. They are
typically mounted on the back
of a tractor or front loader.
A7 : BULLDOZERS
A bulldozer is a crawler
(continuous tracked tractor)
equipped with a substantial metal
plate (known as a blade) used to
push large quantities of soil, sand,
rubble, or other such material
during construction or conversion
work and typically equipped at
the rear with a claw-like device
(known as a ripper) to loosen
densely-compacted materials.

7. Trenchers, or ditchers as they are
sometimes called, are similar to
excavators in the sense that they
penetrate the earth, breaking soil
and rock, and remove it from the
ground. They differ from
excavators in that the soil is
removed in one continuous
movement.
A8 : TRENCHERS
A9 : SCRAPERS
In civil engineering, a wheel
tractor-scraper is a piece of
heavy equipment used for
earthmoving.
A10 : WHEELED LOADING SHOVELS
A power shovel (also stripping
shovel or front shovel or
electric mining shovel) is a
bucket-equipped machine,
usually electrically powered,
used for digging and loading
earth or fragmented rock and
for mineral extraction.

8. Group b : construction vehicles
*Engineering or Construction vehicles are heavy-duty vehicles,
specially designed for executing construction (Civil engineering) tasks,
most frequently, ones involving earth moving.
A dumper is a vehicle designed
for carrying bulk material,
often on building sites.
B1 : DUMPERS
B2 : TIPPERS
A truck or lorry the rear platform of
which can be raised at the front end
to enable the load to be discharged
by gravity also called tip truck.
B3 : TRAILERS
Commonly, the term trailer
refers to such vehicles used
for transport of goods and
materials.

9. Group c : material handling equipments
C1 : CRANES
A crane is a type of machine, generally
equipped with a hoist, wire ropes or
chains, and sheaves, that can be used
both to lift and lower materials and to
move them horizontally.
C2 : CONVEYORS
A conveyor system is a common piece of
mechanical handling equipment that moves
materials from one location to another.
C3 : FORKLIFTS
A forklift truck (also called a lift truck, a
fork truck, a forklift, or a tow-motor) is
a powered industrial truck used to lift
and transport materials.
A hoist is a device used for
lifting or lowering a load by
means of a drum or lift-wheel
around which rope or chain
wraps.
C4 : HOISTS

10. Group d : construction equipments
D1 : TUNNELING EQUIPMENTS
A tunnel boring machine (TBM) also
known as a "mole", is a machine used
to excavate tunnels with a circular cross
section through a variety of soil and
rock strata.
D2 : CONCRETE MIXERS
A concrete mixer (also commonly called a
cement mixer) is a device that
homogeneously combines cement,
aggregate such as sand or gravel, and
water to form concrete.
D3 : COMPACTORS
A compactor is a machine or
mechanism used to reduce the size of
waste material or soil through
compaction.
A paver (paver finisher, asphalt
finisher, paving machine) is an
engineering vehicle used to lay
asphalt on roadways.
D4 : PAVERS

11. D5 : SPRAYING AND PLASTERING MACHINES
Plaster spraying allows a plasterer to
skim a drywall more than five times
faster than using a hand float to apply it.
D6 : ROAD ROLLER
A road roller (sometimes called a roller-
compactor, or just roller) is a compactor
type engineering vehicle used to
compact soil, gravel, concrete, or
asphalt in the construction of roads and
foundations, similar rollers are used
also at landfills or in agriculture.
D7 : STONE CRUSHERS
A crusher is a machine designed to
reduce large rocks into smaller rocks,
gravel, or rock dust.
D8 : SLURRY & HEAVY DUTY PUMPS
A pump is a device used to move fluids,
such as liquids, gases or slurries.
SHALINI SINGH
3RD YEAR, SECTION-B
U.S.A.P